2025/11/28四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造與工作過程介紹發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)燃油供給、冷卻和潤滑系統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)汽車底盤構(gòu)造認(rèn)識(shí)汽車電氣設(shè)備和主動(dòng)安全系統(tǒng)介紹汽車車身電氣設(shè)備和被動(dòng)安全系統(tǒng)介紹項(xiàng)目一項(xiàng)目二項(xiàng)目三項(xiàng)目四項(xiàng)目五項(xiàng)目六項(xiàng)目七項(xiàng)目八汽車車載網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)介紹智能汽車技術(shù)介紹新能源汽車結(jié)構(gòu)和工作過程介紹項(xiàng)目九汽車性能參數(shù)及檢測設(shè)備介紹項(xiàng)目十汽車使用說明書及維修資料翻譯

項(xiàng)目一四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造與工作過程介紹學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間任務(wù)描述引導(dǎo)問題項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容12345拓展材料6知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.認(rèn)識(shí)關(guān)于四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造、工作過程的英語術(shù)語和詞匯；2.理解發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中零部件及工作過程的固定表達(dá)方法。技能目標(biāo)1.能運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)，借助專業(yè)詞典，對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)各總成資料進(jìn)行中英文互譯；2.能在教師指導(dǎo)下，完成與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造及工作過程相關(guān)的英語資料閱讀和翻譯；3.能正確完成課后練習(xí)。素養(yǎng)目標(biāo)1.通過引入國產(chǎn)汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的新技術(shù)、新工藝和新規(guī)范，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立“民族自信、品牌自信、技術(shù)自信、文化自信”的國家發(fā)展制度自信；2.通過融入實(shí)干興邦的家國情懷，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生擔(dān)負(fù)起建設(shè)國家和促進(jìn)民族崛起的歷史使命；3.通過融入2ZZ-GE發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)知識(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生參與高水平對(duì)外開放的格局意識(shí)。學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

任務(wù)描述以四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為例，學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造及四沖程工作過程等知識(shí)，如氣缸體、氣缸蓋、活塞、連桿、進(jìn)氣行程、壓縮行程、做功行程及排氣行程等，完成相關(guān)單詞、詞匯、特殊語句的認(rèn)識(shí)。通過完成該任務(wù)，能閱讀關(guān)于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)造及四沖程工作過程的外文文獻(xiàn)，并能運(yùn)用所學(xué)項(xiàng)目知識(shí)和翻譯技巧，對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行翻譯。１.時(shí)間要求:建議4學(xué)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間引導(dǎo)問題你知道下圖中英文的意思嗎？項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineWordList1.introduction[

Intr[5dQkF[n] n.介紹，傳入，初步，導(dǎo)言，緒論2.stroke[str[Uk]

n.沖程，行程3.engine[5endVIn] n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)4.assembly[[5semblI] n.安裝，裝配，部件，裝置，組合體5.power[5paU[(r)]

n.能量，動(dòng)力6.torque[t

:k] n.轉(zhuǎn)矩，力矩，扭矩7.vehicle[5vI:Ikl] n.交通工具，車輛8.motor[

m

t

] n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，內(nèi)燃機(jī)，汽車9.combustion[k[m5bQstF([)n] n.燃燒10.electric[

l

ktr

k] adj.電的，電動(dòng)的，充電的，能發(fā)電的11.hybrid[

h

br

d] adj.混合的，混合而成的12.burn[b[:n] vi.,vt.燃燒13.petrol[

petr

l] n.[英]汽油(=[美]gasoline)，揮發(fā)油14.component[k[m5p[Un[nt] n.部分，部件，零件，元件項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngine15.ignition[Ig5nIF([)n]

n.點(diǎn)火，點(diǎn)燃16.lubrication[lu:br

ke

] n.潤滑油17.camshaft

[5kAmFB:ft]

n.凸輪軸18.intake[5InteIk]

n.入口，進(jìn)口19.spring[spri

] n.彈簧20.piston[5pIst([)n]

n.活塞21.crankshaft[5krANkFB:ft]

n.曲軸22.distillate[[

d

st

le

t] n.餾分油，柴油23.flywheel[5flaiwI:l]

n.飛輪24.starter[5stB:t[(r)] n.起動(dòng)機(jī)25.gear[gI[(r)]

n.齒輪,傳動(dòng)裝置26.bearing[

b

?ri

] n.軸承27.cylinder[5sIlInd[(r)] n.氣缸，圓筒，圓柱體28.crankcase[

kr

kkeis] n.曲軸箱29.bolt[b[Ult] n.螺釘，v.用螺栓緊固

30.gasket[

g

sk

t] n.氣缸墊31.seal[sI:l] n.封鉛，封條，密封項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngine32.manifold[5mAnIf[Uld]

n.進(jìn)、排氣歧管33.fan[

] n.扇子,鼓風(fēng)機(jī),風(fēng)扇,迷,狂熱者,愛好者34.radiator[5reidIeit[(r)]

n.散熱器35.coolant[5kU:l[nt]

n.冷卻液36.arrangement[[5reindVm[nt]

n.排列，安排37.flange[flAndV]

n.凸緣，邊緣，輪緣38.spark[spB:k]

n.火花39.draw[drC:]

vt.吸引，吸入40.port[pC:t]

n.通道，港口，端口

41.expand[Ik5spAnd]

vt.使膨脹，詳述，擴(kuò)張42.crankpin[5krANkpIn]

n.曲柄銷，連桿軸頸43.automobile[5C:t[m[bI:l]

n.汽車44.compress[k[m5pres]

vt.壓縮，濃縮

45.charge[tFB:dV]

n.充氣，裝料46.function[5fQNkF([)n]

n.功能，作用47.distributor[dis

tribjut

] n.分電器48.transfer[trAns5f[:(r)] vt.轉(zhuǎn)移，傳遞項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineProperNames1.internalcombustionengine 內(nèi)燃機(jī)2.intakevalve 進(jìn)氣門3.mainbearingjournal 主軸承軸頸4.timingbelt 正時(shí)皮帶5.rockerarm 氣門搖臂6.exhaustvalve 排氣門7.pulleyandbalancer 皮帶輪和扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器8.ringgear 齒圈9.cylinderblock 氣缸體10.valvecover 氣門室罩11.oilpan 油底殼12.oilpump 機(jī)油泵13.oilfilter 機(jī)油濾清器14.air-fuelmixture 空氣燃油混合物（可燃混合氣）15.intakemanifold 進(jìn)氣歧管

16.waterpump 水泵項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineProperNames17.radialload 徑向載荷18.pistonring 活塞環(huán)19.connectingrod 連桿20.cylinderhead 氣缸蓋21.sparkplug 火花塞22.intakestroke 進(jìn)氣行程23.compressionstroke 壓縮行程24.powerstroke 做功行程25.exhauststroke 排氣行程26.topdeadcenter(TDC) 上止點(diǎn)27.bottomdeadcenter(BDC) 下止點(diǎn)28.engineclassification 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)分類項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineComponentsatthetopoftheengineare:timingbelt,camshafttimingpulley,camshaft,rockerarmsandshafts,intakevalvesandsprings,exhaustvalvesandsprings,piston(shownasFigure1-1).項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineComponentsatthefrontoftheengineare:piston,connectingrod,crankshaft,crankshafttimingpulley,timingbelt,crankshaftpulleyandbalancer(shownasFigure1-2).項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineComponentsattherearoftheengineare:flywheel,starterringgear,piston，connectingrod,crankshaftandcrankshaftflanger(shownasFigure1-3).Figure1-3Componentsattherearofanengine項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineComponentsatthebottomoftheengineare:fourpistons,connectingrods,crankshaftbalanceweights,crankshaftmain-bearingjournals,pulley，balancer,flywheelandtimingbelt(shownasFigure1-4).項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineTheoilpan,orsump,isattachedtothebottomofthecrankcaseandclosesofftheinternalparts(shownasFigure1-5).項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineThelargeendoftheconnectingrodconnectstothecrankshaftandthesmallendconnectstothepiston(shownasFigure1-6).項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineTheflywheelisboltedtotheflangeontherearendofthecrankshaft.Itsfunctionistokeeptheenginerunningsmoothlybetweenpowerstrokes(shownasFigure1-7).Figure1-7Crankshaft,flywheelandpiston項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineThemostcommonengineisthefour-strokepistonengine.Thesefourstrokesareintakestroke,compressionstroke,powerstrokeandexhauststroke(shownasFigure1-8).Figure1-8Thefour-strokecycleofapetrolengine項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngineEnginemanufacturersbasicallyusethreedistinctwaystoarrangethecylindersinanengine:in-line,V-shapeoropposed(shownasFigure1-9).Figure1-9Engineconfigurations項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容Project1

IntroductiontotheConstructionandOperationofaFour-strokeEngine2.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese1)intakestroke 2)timingbelt 3)waterpump4)connectingrod 5)ringgear 6)crankpin