第1頁/共1頁2023北京平谷高一（上）期末英語2023.1注意事項1.本試卷共12頁，包括三部分，滿分100分。考試時間90分鐘。2.在答題卡上準確填寫學校名稱、班級和姓名03.試題答案_律填涂或書寫在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答,其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結束，請將答題卡交回。第一部分 知識運用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Asix-year-oldMassachusettsboycalled911.Hetoldpolicethathisfatherhad__1__aredlight.ThePoliceDepartmentsaiditreceivedthecallfromRobbieRichardsonlastSaturday.MikeRichardsonandRobbiewereontheir__2__toacarwashlastSaturday.Thefatherstoppedataredlightbeforetakingaleftturn.ButRobbie,who3ofbecomingapoliceofficer,noticedhisdadhaddrivenbyevenwhenthelightwasstillred.“Hesaidhewasgoingtocall911”MikeRichardsontoldCNN,Ijustdidn’ttakehiswords__4__；youknow,he’sonlysixyearsold.”Whentheygothome,however,Robbie__5__thepolice.Thedispatcher（調度員）atthepolicedepartmentaskedtospeaktoRobbie’sdadafterRobbie’s__6__Realizingwhathadhappened,thefather__7__forhisillegalactandpromisedtoacceptthepunishment.ButthedispatcherMikeBowestookitinhishumor.“It’sbetterthanhearingtheroutinecallswegetinthepolicestation,”MikeBowestoldCNN.Robbie’smothersaidshe__8__hersontocall911afterwatchingaparticularlyterriblenewsstory.Shesaidshewasvery__9__ofherson’suseofwhathehadlearned.“Hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing,”shesaid,addingthatshecouldn’tbelievehowmanypeopleweretalkingaboutRobbie.“Itbringsalittlehumortotheworld，butobeyingthe__10__isveryimportanttoeveryone,”saidRobbie’smother.“That’swhatweneedthesedays.”1.A.pickedupB.runthroughC.brokenoffD.thrownaway2.A.timeB.wayC.dayD.position3.A.heardB.thoughtC.dreamtD.approved4.A.seriouslyB.hardlyC.angrilyD.fairly5.A.calledB.searchedC.praisedD.applied6.A.promisingB.phoningC.confirmingD.appreciating7.A.hatedB.forgaveC.complainedD.apologized8.A.forcedB.warnedC.taughtD.advised9.A.afraidB.ashamedC.proudD.exited10.A.routineB.customC.scheduleD.rule第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。AMillennials(千禧一代)aresometimesregardedaspeople__11__onlylikeplayinggamesonline.AnewreportfromthePewResearchCenterrevealsthatmoremillennialsuse__12__(they)locallibrariesthanotheradultgenerations.Pew’sdatafoundthat53%ofmillennialssaidtheyhadusedalibraryintheprevious12months.Research__13__(study)byPewin2014revealedthatmillennialsactuallyreadmorethaneveryothergeneration.B5,000yearsago,tea__14__(create)byaChineseemperoranditisstillthemostwidelyconsumeddrinkintheworldnexttowater.Therearemanyvarietiesoftea-basedtraditions,flavorsandstylesbeingservedindifferentculturesaroundtheworld.InBritain,teaisoneofthemostpopulardrinks__15__areconsumedeveryyear.TheBritishpeoplecanchoosefromvarietiesoftea,__16__(include)black，greenandwhite.Inaddition,amajorityofpeopleinthecountryprefertodrinkicedtea.TeaisanimportantaspectofBritishculture.CAirpollution__17__(influence)humanhealthoverthepastfewyears.Itcancauseheartattacks，breathingdifficultiesandevenearlydeath.Diesel(柴油)enginesareseenasamajorcausetoairpollutionincities.__18__(improve)airquality,manycountriesaretryingtotakeallkindsofmeasures.Fouroftheworld’sbiggestcities__19__(prohibit)dieselcarsintheircitycentersby2025.Themayors’ofParis,Madrid,AthensandMexicoCity__20__(make)plansfortheC40Mayors’Summitonclimatechangein2019.Thismovecouldleadtoothercitiestotakeaction,andhelptoreduceusingdiesel.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AJustCycleandFoldAwayAreyoujuststartingoutonyourhealthandfitnessjourney?There’snoexcusenottogetonyourbikethiswinter.Getyourindoorcyclingfixedandfeelthebenefits.Greatforgeneralcardiofitness,exercisebikescanbeabrilliantwayoftrainingathome.However,choosingtherightbikeisextremelyimportant,whichissomethingthatRogerBlackandhisteamrecognizedwhencreatingtheRogerBlackfitnessbike.TheRogerBlackfitnessbikeisourbest-sellerandisthegrandversionofthefoldingbike.Designedforbothcomfortandperformanceinmind,thisbikeisprobablybestsuitedifyouseekaslightlyheavierworkoutandcanplaceastationarybikeathome.Ourhomefitnessbikesaredesignedforbeginnersaswellasthoseofyouwhoarekeentoexercisemorefrequently.Ourrangeofexercisebikesisdesignedtogetyourlegsandheartpumpingandtomotivateandenergizeyouatanytimeofdayornight.“BestPresentEVERarethewordsfrommy77-year-oldfatherwhoreceivedhisRogerBlackfitnessbikeforhisbirthday.Hesaiditisjustsosimpleandeasytouse,withnocomplicatedgadgets（小裝置）.TheseatisVERYcomfortable,sousingiteverydayisapleasure.Itfoldsawayneatlysoitcanbestoredbehindadoorifneeded.--AnnaFarnham“IwasabitworriedabouthowmuchspacetheRogerBlackfitnessbikewouldtakeup,butit’ssoeasytofold.Afterfinishingmyworkout,Ifoldthebikebackupandputitawayinthecomerout-of-the-way.Fantastic!”--RuthKellerTheRogerBlackfitnessbikeisofferinga10%discountonthefullwww.rogerblackfitness.comrangeofhomefitnessequipmentforallReader’sDigestreaders.PleaseusediscountcodeDIGEST10atcheckout.21.Dependingonthearticle,theRogerBlackfitnessbike_________.A.canbepackedneatlyB.hasuncomfortableseatC.hascomplicatedgadgetsD.cantakeuptoomuchroom22.AnnaFarnhamis_______oftheRogerBlackfitnessbike.A.aninventor B.abuyerC.aseller D.auser23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToevaluatetheRogerBlackfitnessbike.B.ToencouragepeopletodesigntheRogerBlackfitnessbike.C.TopersuadereaderstobuytheRogerBlackfitnessbike.D.ToreportnewdevelopmentoftheRogerBlackfitnessbike.BRemakingMyBeautifulLifeAfewmonthsago,whenBrooklinnKhourywouldlookthrougholdphotosorcatchasightofherselfinamirror,shewassometimesdrownedbyhowherfacehadchanged.“Iwasthinking,4IwishIhadthatlittlesmilelinebackagain,’”saysKhoury,“butI’verealizedIhaveadifferentpathnow.”Khourywasonafasttracktorealizeherdreamsinthefallof2020.HerimpressiveskateboardingskillswereshowninsocialmediapostsandsoonshewasmodelingforDickiesGirl.ButallthatchangedonNov.3lastyearwhenadogathercousin’shomeattackedher,tearingoffherentireupperlipandsectionsofhernose.Atthehospitaldoctorstoldhertheycouldn’tsaveherupperlipandshewouldneedacomplicatedreconstruction（修復）.Disappointed,Khouryspentsixdaysinthehospital,thenheadedhomewithherparents.Sheremembersherfathersaying,“Brooklinn,youcanhavetwochoices.Youcansitonthecouchandfeelsorryforyourselforyoucangobacktowhatmakesyouhappyandliveyourlife.”Khourymadeadetermination.“Feelingsorryformyselfwasn’tgoingtofixme,”shesays,“soIdecidedtotakethingsdaybyday,stepbystep.”Thathasn’talwaysbeeneasy.Eachstepoftheway,Khoury’sfriendsandfamilieshavebeenbyherside.Inthepainfulmonthsthatfollowed,Khouryhassharedherhospitalvisits,surgeries,proceduresandhealingwithher170,000socialmediafollowersandacceptedanewdefinitionofbeauty.“Societyisn’tacceptingdifferences,”shesays.“ButI’velearnedhowtolove.AndIalwayswanttoinspireasmanypeopleasIcan.”LastmonthKhourybeganthefirstoffivereconstructivesurgeriestocreateanewupperlip.Sheknowssurgerywon’tbringbackherpreviousface,butshe’spreparedforhernewfuture,whichshehopesincludesmoreworkandskateboarding.“Ican’tchangewhathappened,butI’mlearningtodealwithit.”Khourysays.“Whatevercomes,Icanhandleit.”24.Beforetheattack,Khoury_________.A.wasafamousmodelB.wasaskilledskateboarderC.hadpartneredwithDCShoesD.sharedherskatingskillsonsocialmedia25.WhydoesKhourysharehertreatmentsonsocialmedia?A.Toinspireothers.B.Tomakeherfollowersrelieved.C.Toattracttheattentionofothers.D.Togetstrengthandencouragement.26.Afterthefirstoffivereconstructivesurgeries,Khoury__________.A.hadanewupperlipB.gainmoremodelingC.preparedforhernewfutureD.ignoredanewdefinitionofbeauty27.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKhoury?A.Enthusiasticandkind. B.Generousandcalm.C.Determinedandbrave. D.Creativeandcooperative.CSeagrassesarefloweringplantsthatnormallygrowinshallowwaternearthecoasts.Theygrowinthickfields,knownasmeadows（草地）.Seagrassmeadowshelpcleantheocean9swater,andprovidefoodandshelterformanyseacreatures.Importantly,seagrassmeadowsalsohelpinthefightagainsttheclimatecrisis.That’sbecausetheystorehugeamountsofcarbon-theharmfulpollutionthat’smakingglobalwarmingworse.Damagingtheseseagrassmeadowscancausethispollutionagain,soifsimportanttoprotectthem.Butthoughthey’reveryimportant,scientistsdon9thaveagoodideaofthesizeandnumberoftheworldsseagrassmeadows.Fromabove,themeadowscanbehardtofind,eitherbecausethewateristoodeepornotclearenough.Andtheoceanissohugethatit’ssimplynotpossibletostudyitallbydiving.So,ateamofscientistsdecidedtohavesharkshelpwiththeresearch.Tigersharksarehuge,strong,anddeadly.Butmostimportantly,theyliveunderwater,arefastswimmers,andspendalotoftimeinseagrassmeadows.Between2016and2020,ateamofresearcherstiedcamerasandothertrackerstothefinsofseventigersharks.Aftercatchingthesharks,thescientistsworkedquicklytohitchtheequipmentandthenletthemgoagain.Thecamerasweredesignedtofalloffafterafewhoursandfloat（漂?。﹖othesurface.Trackingsignalshelpedscientistsfindthefloatingcamerasandcollectthevideosthesharkshadtaken.Thescientistswereleftwithhoursofvideostakenasthesharkstraveledformilesovertheseafloor.Theresearchersalsousedothertoolstosearchforseagrasssuchassatelliteimages,aswellasimagestakenbydiversandboats.Puttingallthisinformationtogether，thescientistslearnedthatthewatersaroundtheBahamasarehometothelargestseagrassmeadoweverdiscovered.Theprojectisimportantforseveralreasons.Sinceseagrassissovaluableinfightingglobalwarming,it’simportanttoknowwhereitis.AsonescientisttoldtheGuardian,“Ifwedon’tknowwhereitis,wecan’tprotectit.”Theprogramalsoshowshowusefullargeunderwateranimalscanbeinhelpingtolearnmoreaboutlifeunderthesea.OliverShipleyisascientistatBeneaththeWaves,whichledthework.Hesays,“animalsliketigersharksaregoingtotakeustonewplacesthatwedidn’tknowexisted.”28.WhichitembelowisNOTmentionedaboutseagrassmeadowsinthearticle?A.Theyhelpcleartheocean’swater.B.Theyprovidefoodfordiversregularly.C.Theyoffershelterforlotsofseacreatures.D.Theyhelpfightagainsttheclimateproblems.29.Scientistshavetigersharkshelpwiththeresearchmainlybecausethey_________.A.arehuge,strong,anddeadlyB.cantracksignalssensiblyintheseaC.stayplentyoftimeinseagrassmeadowsD.cancollectsatelliteimagesquicklyunderwater30.Whatdoestheword“hitch”meaninparagraph5?A.attach B.check C.remove D.collect31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresenttheeffectsofseagrass.B.Toexplainthecausesofmeadowdamage.C.Toinstructpeopleinprotectingseagrass.D.Tointroduceanewmethodtoresearchseameadows.DVitaminDAppearstoHelpPreventManyIllnessesA2020studypublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinology&Metabolism(JCEM)foundthatmorethan80percentofpeoplehospitalizedforCOVID-19hadlowvitaminDlevels.Moreresearchappearstoprovetheconnection.AJanuary2022peer-reviewedmeta-analysispublishedinthemagazineReviewsinEndocrineandMetabolicDisordersnotedthatseveralstudieshavesuggestedanoticeableconnectionbetweenvitaminDlackandanindividual’sCOVID-19severity（嚴重性）.Whatscientistsstilldon’tknowforsureiswhethertheincreasedchanceofgettingsevereCOVID-19isdirectlycausedbylowvitaminDbloodlevels.Andthebigquestion:CantakingvitaminDsupplements（補充劑）helppeopleavoidgettingCOVID-19?WilliamSchaffner,MD,professorofpreventivemedicineandinfectiousdiseasesatVanderbiltUniversitySchoolofMedicine,says,“VitaminDlackisassociatedwithCOVID-19severity,butresearchdoesn’tshowit’sthecausedefinitely.”Headds：“YourbestbetistoassumethatvitaminDhelpspreventCOVID-19andreducestheseverityofsymptoms,oratleastisahealthyandsafechoiceforstrengtheningyourimmunesystemtofightoffdisease.”Fattyfishandmilkyproductsarethemainsourcesofthevitamin.ThebodyalsogainsvitaminDfromsunlight,butindoorlifereducesthatsourceofthevitamin.Peoplewhohavebasicandchronicillnesses,elderlypeople,andpeoplewithdarkerskinareatparticularriskofbeinglack.AlltheseareexamplesofwhymanymedicalexpertsrecommendvitaminDsupplements.Ifyou’reconsideringavitaminDsupplement,it’simportanttoseeyourdoctorbeforeyoustart.Anotherreasontoseeyourdoctorfirstistolearnhowtouseyoursupplementproperly.You’llalsowantyourdoctortoadviseyouonhowmuchofthevitamintotake,asthenecessaryquantitycanvaryfrompersontoperson.Veryhighquantitieshavebeenshowntocausetoxicity（serioussideeffects）.It’sunlikelythatvitaminDlackistheonlycauseofsevereCOVID-19,butmakingsurethatyourdietcontainsthevitaminsandnutrientsyourbodyneedsshouldbepartofyouroverallwellnessroutine.OtherimportantpracticestosupportyourimmunityaretogettheCOVIDvaccine（疫苗）andboosters,reducestress,exerciseregularly,andmakesuretogetenoughsleep.Allthesestepswillhelpkeepyourimmunesystemingoodshapetofightoffwhateveryou’reexposedto.32.WhatistherelationbetweenvitaminDandCOVID-19?A.LowvitaminDisconnectedwithCOVID-19severity.B.COVID-19isdirectlycausedbylowvitaminDbloodlevels.C.FewofpatientsinhospitalforCOVID-19havelowvitaminDlevels.D.TakingvitaminDsupplementsdefinitelypreventspeoplefromgettingCOVID-19.33.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4?A.TostresstheimportanceofvitaminD.B.ToshowtheconsequenceoflackingvitaminD.C.TopresenttheeffectsofvitaminDsupplements.D.ToexplainthereasonsoftakingvitaminDsupplements.34.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.VitaminDlackistheonlycauseofsevereCOVID-19.B.VitaminDsupplementscansurelyhelpuspreventCOVID-19.C.ImmunesystemingoodshapeisthekeytoavoidgettingCOVID-19.D.Immunesystemscanregularlyhelpusimproveouremotionalintelligence.第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EasyWaystoImproveHeartHealthHeartisoneofthemostimportantorgansinthebody.Ahealthyheartiscentraltooverallgoodhealth.Thefollowingsimplechangestoyourdietandlifestylecanhelpyoukeepyourhearthealthy.EatnutsJustahandfulofnutsadaycanreduceyourriskofheartdisease.Infact,researchsuggeststhattheyhelpyourheartinanumberofwayssuchasloweringtheriskofbloodclots.__35__Butbecareful,they'rehighincalories!KeepacatAstudyofmorethan4,000peoplebasedondatafromtheAmericanNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationStudyfoundthatthosewho9dneverownedacatwere40percentmorelikelytodieofaheartattackand30percentmorelikelytodiefromheartfailure.Touchingoverthecat9sbackcanhelplowerlevelsofanxietyandstress.__36__Gogreen__37__Darkleafygreensandgreenteacontainantioxidants,whichprotectagainstcelldamage.Oliveoilsarehighinheart-healthyfats.Meanwhile,peasarenotonlyhighinfiberbutresearchhasalsofoundthatpeoplewhoeatpeasfourtimesaweekcuttheirriskofheartdiseaseby22percent.MovedifferentlyWeallknowthatexerciseisgoodforhearthealth,butyoudon’thavetogotothegym.__38__Whetherit’swalkingmeetings,afewminutesonyourbalanceboardwhenyou’reonthephone,squatswhileyoucleanyourteeth,orcleaningthehouse,italladdsup.RideyourbikeCyclingcanhelpyouloseweight,improvefitness,andpreventmanydiseases.Youcancycletowork.Youcancycletotheshopsoracrosstowntoseeafriend.__39__AGermanstudyfoundthatmenwithangina（mildchestpain）whorodeastationarybikefor20minutesadaywerelesslikelytohaveaheartattackthanothermenwhodon’t.A.Youcanalsorideastationarybikeathome.B.Thiscouldresultinaheartattackinpeoplewhoareweak.C.Fillyourdietwithfiberandgoodfats-foundingreenfoods.D.So,throwawaythecrispsandreachfortheunsaltednutsinstead.E.Cyclingalsocarriesarelativelylowchanceofinjurymoreprobably.F.Itcanalsohelppeoplehaveaprotectiveeffectagainstheartdisease.G.Makingregularnon-exercisedphysicalactivityaprioritycanimprovehearthealth.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié),32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達（共4小題，第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Testanxietysoundscommon.Testanxietyisdefinedastensionandstressrelatedwithtakingatest,frequendyresultinginadecreaseintestperformance.Testanxietycanresultineventhemostintelligentchildfeelingdefeatedandstupid.Afewhelpfulsetsoftechniquesandtoolscanhelpyouovercomethisanxietyallowingyoutoreflectyourtrueacademiccapabilitiesintestingsituations.However,notalltest-relatedanxietyisabadthing.Asmanyothershavenoted,alittleanxietywhiletakingatestcanactuallybemotivating.Anxietyisnotarequirementforsuccess.Somekidsarecoolandconfidenttesttakers,whosescoresreflectthisaccurately.Thekeytoovercomingtestanxietycanbeassimpleasconfidence.Youshouldgetintothehabitofstudyingnewmaterialeveryday.Youcanalsoattendextrahelpsessionsofferedbyyourteacher.Amultisensoryapproachtostudyingcanalsobequitehelpful.Thiscanbeachievedbytakinganactiveapproachtostudy.Inadditiontoreadingoverthematerial,makeflashcards,thenreviewtheflashcards.Whenpossible,obtainbooksontapeandlistenwhilereadingalong.Remembertherecencyeffect：Informationlearnedfirstandlastisusuallyrememberedbest,sowhenstudying,focusalotoninformationlearnedinthemiddle.Strongstudyapproacheseaseanxiety.Themoreconfidentyoufeelaboutthestudymaterial,thelesstestanxietyyoushouldexperience.Test-takinganxietycanhaveastrongimpactonyourself-esteem.Thekeytoovercomingtestanxietyisbuildingyourconfidenceintakingsituations.Alittlebitofattentiontothisconditioncangoalongway.Consideroutsidehelpyoutodealwiththeissueandbuildbackself-esteem.Youcanalsoconsultaschoolsocialworkerorpsychologist.40.Whatistestanxietyaccordingtothepassage?41.Accordingtotherecencyeffect,whyshouldyoufocusalotoninformationlearnedinthemiddle?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Testanxietycanresultineventhemostintelligentchildfeelingdefeatedandstupid,soalltest-relatedanxietycanleadtofailure.43.Inadditiontothemethodsmentionedinthepassage,whatotherwaysdoyouknowtodealwithtestanxiety?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)（20分）假設你是紅星中學高一學生李華。你的英國好友Jim想了解你在疫情期間居家學習時鍛煉身體的情況，請你用英文給他寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：1.居家學習期間，鍛煉身體的基本情況（項目、時間……）；2.堅持鍛煉身體的感受；3.提醒注意防護。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（請務必將書面表達寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內）

參考答案第一部分知識運用第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）1.B2.B3.C4.A5.A6.B7.D8.C9.C10.D第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）只有大小寫容錯扣0.5，否則都參