2024年GRE語文真題專項訓(xùn)練考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______Section11.Duringthelate19thcentury,therapidindustrializationandurbanizationoftheUnitedStatesledtoaseriesofsocialandenvironmentalchallenges.Manyworkersfacedharshconditionsinfactoriesandmines,whilecitiesstruggledwithovercrowding,poorsanitation,andinadequatehousing.Despitethesedifficulties,theperiodalsowitnessedsignificanttechnologicaladvancementsandeconomicgrowth,layingthefoundationformodernAmericansociety.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestcapturesthecentraltensiondescribedinthepassage?(A)Thetechnologicaladvancementsoftheperiodwereprimarilyresponsibleforthesocialandenvironmentalproblemsthatarose.(B)Economicgrowthandtechnologicalprogresswereachievedonlyatthecostofseverehardshipsfortheworkingclass.(C)Whileindustrializationbroughteconomicopportunities,italsocreatednewsocialandenvironmentalissuesthatneededtobeaddressed.(D)TheurbanizationprocesswasinherentlymoreproblematicthantheindustrializationprocessforAmericansocietyatthetime.(E)Thechallengesfacedduringthisperiodwereprimarilyduetoalackofgovernmentregulationandoversight.2.Inherstudyofhistoricalnarratives,Dr.EvelynReedarguesthatthewaysocietiesrememberandrecounttheirpastisnotmerelyareflectionofeventsbutisactivelyconstructedthroughculturalandpoliticalprocesses.Shemaintainsthatdominantnarrativesoftenservetoreinforceexistingpowerstructuresandvalidatecurrentsocialnorms.AccordingtoDr.Reed,understandingthemechanismsbehindtheconstructionofthesenarrativesiscrucialforcriticalhistoricalanalysis.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageregardingDr.Reed'sperspective?(A)Historicaleventsareinherentlyambiguousandopentomultipleinterpretations.(B)Culturalandpoliticalfactorsplayadecisiveroleinshapinghowhistoryisremembered.(C)Criticalhistoricalanalysisshouldfocusexclusivelyonmarginalizedperspectives.(D)Dominanthistoricalnarrativesarealwaysaccurateandshouldbeacceptedwithoutquestion.(E)Thestudyofhistoryisapurelyacademicpursuitwithnopracticalapplications.3.ThechemicalcompoundXexhibitsunusualstabilityundernormalconditions,acharacteristicthathasintriguedresearchersinthefieldofmaterialsscience.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatthisstabilityisduetothestrongbondinginteractionsbetweenitsatoms,whicheffectivelyresistexternalforcesandenvironmentaldegradation.However,theexactnatureoftheseinteractionsremainsasubjectofongoinginvestigation.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthecurrentstateofresearchoncompoundX?(A)ResearchershavefullyunderstoodthereasonsforcompoundX'sstabilityandhavenofurtherquestions.(B)WhilethestabilityofcompoundXisobserved,itsunderlyingcausesarenotyetcompletelyunderstood.(C)CompoundXistoounstabletobeofanypracticaluseinmaterialsscience.(D)ThebondinginteractionsincompoundXareidenticaltothosefoundinotherstablecompounds.(E)ResearchershaverecentlydiscoveredanewapplicationforcompoundXinelectronics.4.Thelocalgovernment'sinitiativetoinstallsolarpanelsonpublicbuildingshasbeenmetwithmixedreactionsfromresidents.Proponentsarguethattheprojectwillsignificantlyreducethecity'scarbonfootprintandprovideamodelforsustainableurbandevelopment.Theyhighlightthelong-termcostsavingsandthepotentialforjobcreationintherenewableenergysector.Critics,however,expressconcernsabouttheinitialinvestmentrequiredandtheaestheticimpactofthepanelsonthecity'sskyline.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?(A)Topersuadereaderstosupportthegovernment'ssolarpanelinitiative.(B)Tooutlinetheeconomicbenefitsofrenewableenergyprojects.(C)Topresentabalancedviewoftheargumentssurroundingthesolarpanelinitiative.(D)Tocriticizethelocalgovernment'sdecision-makingprocess.(E)Todescribethetechnicalspecificationsofsolarpanels.5.Inevolutionarybiology,theconceptof"sexualselection"referstomechanismsthatenhanceanorganism'schancesofreproducing,oftenthroughtraitsthatmaynotdirectlycontributetosurvival.Thesetraitscanmanifestaselaborateplumage,intricatematingrituals,orphysicaladornments.Thepassagesuggeststhatsexualselectioncanleadtothedevelopmentofpronounceddifferencesbetweenmalesandfemalesofthesamespecies,aphenomenonknownassexualdimorphism.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeycharacteristicoftraitsinfluencedbysexualselection?(A)Theyarealwaysdetrimentaltotheorganism'soverallsurvival.(B)Theyareprimarilydrivenbyenvironmentalpressuresratherthangeneticfactors.(C)Theymaynotnecessarilyimprovetheorganism'sabilitytosurviveinitshabitat.(D)Theyareexclusivelyfoundinspeciesthatreproducesexually.(E)Theyaretypicallystandardizedacrossallpopulationsofaspecies.Section26.Theartist'suseofcolorinthepaintingisstriking,withboldhuesofredandbluedominatingthecomposition.Theredsappeartobebleedingintotheblues,creatingasenseofmovementanddynamism.Thistechnique,knownas"impasto,"involvesapplyingpaintthicklysothatthebrushstrokesarevisible,addingtextureanddepthtothework.Theoveralleffectisavibrantandenergeticscenethatcapturestheessenceofthesubject.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheartist'sapproachtopainting?(A)Theartistprioritizestechnicalprecisionandrealismoverexpressiveuseofcolor.(B)TheartistisinfluencedbyImpressionisttechniques,focusingonlightandatmosphere.(C)Theartistemploysadynamicandexpressivestyletoconveyemotionandmovement.(D)Theartistisexperimentingwithabstracttechniques,discardingtraditionalcolortheory.(E)Theartistisprimarilyconcernedwithcreatingadetailedandrealisticrepresentationofthesubject.7.Arecentstudyontheeffectsofsleepdeprivationoncognitiveperformancefoundthatevenmoderatelevelsofsleeplosscansignificantlyimpairdecision-makingabilities.Theresearchersconductedaseriesofexperimentswhereparticipantsweresubjectedtovaryingdegreesofsleepdeprivationbeforeperformingtasksrequiringcriticalthinkingandproblem-solving.Theresultsconsistentlyshowedadeclineinperformanceastheamountofsleepdeprivationincreased.Whatisthemainconclusiondrawnbytheresearchersmentionedinthepassage?(A)Sleepdeprivationhasnosignificantimpactoncognitivefunctions.(B)Cognitiveperformanceisprimarilyinfluencedbyindividualdifferencesinpersonality.(C)Theeffectsofsleepdeprivationondecision-makingaremorepronouncedthanonothercognitivefunctions.(D)Moderatesleepdeprivationisnecessaryforoptimizingcognitiveperformance.(E)Thestudy'ssamplesizewastoosmalltodrawreliableconclusions.8.Theeconomictheoryofsupplyanddemandpositsthatthepriceofagoodorserviceisdeterminedbytheinteractionofitssupplyanddemandinthemarket.Whendemandforaproductincreaseswhilesupplyremainsconstant,thepricetendstorise.Conversely,ifsupplyincreaseswhiledemandstaysthesame,thepricetendstofall.Thisfundamentalprincipleisusedtoexplainawiderangeofeconomicphenomena,fromthepricingofeverydaygoodstothefluctuationsoffinancialmarkets.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenstothepriceofagoodwhendemandincreasesandsupplyremainsconstant?(A)Thepriceremainsunchanged.(B)Thepricetendstofall.(C)Thepricetendstorise.(D)Thepricebecomesunpredictable.(E)Thepriceisunaffectedbychangesindemand.9.TheancientcityofPetra,locatedinpresent-dayJordan,isaremarkableexampleofarchitecturalingenuity.Carveddirectlyintotherose-redsandstonecliffs,thecity'sstructuresshowcasethesophisticatedengineeringskillsofitscreators.OneofitsmosticonicfeaturesistheTreasury,afacadeadornedwithintricatesculpturesthatwaslikelyusedforstoringwealth.Thecity'sdesigndemonstratesadeepunderstandingofitsenvironment,withstructuresstrategicallyplacedtomaximizenaturallightandventilation.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?(A)ThehistoricalsignificanceofPetraintheregion.(B)ThereligiousbeliefsofthepeoplewhobuiltPetra.(C)ThearchitecturalandengineeringachievementsofPetra.(D)TheeconomicprosperityoftheancientcityofPetra.(E)TheenvironmentalchallengesfacedbytheinhabitantsofPetra.10.Thephilosopher'sargumentcentersonthedistinctionbetweenknowledgeandbelief.Heclaimsthatknowledgerequiresjustificationandisobjective,whilebeliefismerelyasubjectivestateofmind.Accordingtothephilosopher,trueknowledgeisobtainedthroughreasonandevidence,notthroughpersonalconvictionorintuition.Hefurtherassertsthatwithoutproperjustification,claimstoknowledgearemerelyopinions,lackingthenecessaryrigorandcertainty.Whatisthephilosopher'smainpointregardingthedifferencebetweenknowledgeandbelief?(A)Knowledgeisalwayscertain,whilebeliefisalwaysuncertain.(B)Knowledgeisobjective,whilebeliefissubjective.(C)Knowledgerequiresjustification,whilebeliefdoesnot.(D)Knowledgeisobtainedthroughintuition,whilebeliefisobtainedthroughreason.(E)Knowledgeandbeliefareinterchangeableconcepts.Section311.Inthepoem,thespeakerreflectsonthepassageoftimeandtheinevitabilityofaging.Theimageryofthefallingleavesandthesettingsunservestosymbolizethetransienceoflifeandtheapproachofdeath.Thespeakeracknowledgesthephysicalchangesthatcomewithagebutfindsasenseofacceptanceandpeaceinthebeautyofthenaturalcycle.Thepoem'stoneiscontemplativeandmelancholic,yetultimatelyhopeful.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthespeaker'sattitudetowardagingaspresentedinthepoem?(A)Resentmentandfrustration(B)Fearandanxiety(C)Acceptanceandtranquility(D)Denialandavoidance(E)Bitternessandregret12.Thecompany'smarketingstrategyforitsnewproductinvolvesamulti-channelapproach,utilizingbothtraditionalanddigitalmarketingtechniques.Televisioncommercialsandprintadvertisementsarebeingusedtoraisebrandawareness,whilesocialmediacampaignsandsearchengineoptimizationarebeingemployedtoengagepotentialcustomersonline.Thisintegratedapproachaimstoreachawideraudienceandcreateacohesivebrandmessageacrossallplatforms.Whatisthemainobjectiveofthecompany'smarketingstrategydescribedinthepassage?(A)Toreducethecostofmarketingbyfocusingondigitalchannelsonly.(B)Toincreasebrandawarenessthroughtraditionaladvertisingmethods.(C)Toengagepotentialcustomersthroughavarietyofonlineplatforms.(D)Tocreateaunifiedmarketingmessageacrossdifferentchannels.(E)Totargetaspecificdemographicgroupwithtailoredmarketingcampaigns.13.Theexperimentwasdesignedtotesttheeffectsofanewfertilizeronplantgrowth.Agroupofplantswastreatedwiththefertilizer,whileacontrolgroupwasnot.Theplantsweregrownunderidenticalconditions,andtheirheightandleafsizeweremeasuredweekly.Aftereightweeks,theplantstreatedwiththefertilizerwerefoundtobesignificantlytallerandhavelargerleavesthanthecontrolgroup.Whatisthekeyfindingoftheexperimentdescribedinthepassage?(A)Thefertilizerhadnosignificanteffectonplantgrowth.(B)Thecontrolgroupofplantsgrewfasterthantheexperimentalgroup.(C)Thefertilizersignificantly促進(jìn)了plantgrowthintermsofheightandleafsize.(D)Theplantsgrewbetterunderindoorconditionsthanunderoutdoorconditions.(E)Theexperimentwasconductedforaninsufficientamountoftimetodrawconclusions.14.Thedebateovertheuseofgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)inagricultureiscomplexandinvolvesconcernsaboutbothpotentialbenefitsandrisks.ProponentsarguethatGMOscanincreasecropyields,improveresistancetopestsanddiseases,andenhancenutritionalvalue.TheypointtothepotentialforGMOstoaddressfoodsecurityissuesandreducetheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture.Opponents,however,raiseconcernsaboutthepotentialforunintendedecologicalconsequencesandtheconcentrationofagriculturalpowerinthehandsofafewlargecorporations.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainpointsofthedebateoverGMOsinagricultureaspresentedinthepassage?(A)GMOsareinherentlydangerousandshouldbebanned.(B)GMOsoffersignificantbenefitsbutalsoposepotentialrisksthatneedtobecarefullyconsidered.(C)TheuseofGMOsisexclusivelybeneficialforlargeagriculturalcorporations.(D)ThereisuniversalagreementonthebenefitsofGMOsinagriculture.(E)ThedebateoverGMOsisprimarilyapoliticalissuewithnoscientificbasis.15.Thenovelexploresthethemeofidentitythroughtheprotagonist'sjourneyofself-discovery.Theprotagonist,ayoungwomanlivinginasmallcoastaltown,beginstoquestiontheassumptionsandexpectationsimposeduponherbysociety.Asshetravelsandexperiencesdifferentcultures,shebecomesincreasinglyawareofthelimitationsofherownperspective.Thenovel'snarrativestylereflectsthistheme,employingastream-of-consciousnesstechniquethatimmersesthereaderintheprotagonist'sevolvingthoughtsandfeelings.Whatistheprimarywaythenovelpresentsthethemeofidentity?(A)Throughaseriesofflashbacksthatrevealtheprotagonist'spast.(B)Throughtheinteractionsbetweentheprotagonistandothercharacters.(C)Throughtheprotagonist'sinternalmonologueandself-reflection.(D)Throughthedescriptionofthesettingandthenaturalenvironment.(E)Throughtheuseofsymbolismandmetaphortorepresenttheprotagonist'sjourney.---試卷答案1.(C)2.(B)3.(B)4.(C)5.(C)6.(C)7.(C)8.(C)9.(C)10.(B)11.(C)12.(D)13.(C)14.(B)15.(C)解析思路1.(C)Thepassagepresentsindustrializationandurbanizationascreatingbothpositive(economicgrowth,technologicaladvancements)andnegative(socialchallenges,environmentalissues)outcomes.Option(C)accuratelyreflectsthiscentraltensionbetweenbenefitsandcosts.2.(B)Dr.Reedarguesthatculturalandpoliticalprocessesactivelyconstructhistoricalnarratives,whichcanservetoreinforcepowerstructures.Thisimpliesthatthesefactorsplayadecisiveroleinshapinghowhistoryisrememberedandpresented,ratherthanmerelyreflectingevents.Option(B)capturesthisinference.3.(B)ThepassagestatesthatthestabilityofcompoundXisobservedandlinkedtobondinginteractions,butexplicitlynotesthattheexactnatureoftheseinteractionsremainsasubjectofongoinginvestigation.Thisindicatesthatwhilethecauseisknowngenerally,itisnotfullyunderstood.Option(B)reflectsthisuncertainty.4.(C)Thepassagepresentsargumentsfrombothproponentsandcriticsofthesolarpanelinitiative,outliningthereasonsforsupportingandopposingit.Thisbalancedpresentationofdifferingviewpointsservestopresentabalancedviewoftheissue.Option(C)istheprimarypurpose.5.(C)Thepassagedefinessexualselectiontraitsasthosethatmaynotdirectlycontributetosurvivalbutenhancereproductivechances.Thissuggeststheymayimprovereproductionwithoutnecessarilyimprovingsurvival.Option(C)capturesthiskeycharacteristic.6.(C)Thepassagedescribestheuseofboldcolors,blending,impastotechnique,andtheoverallvibrant,energeticscene.Thesedetailssuggestadynamicandexpressivestyleaimedatconveyingmovementandemotion.Option(C)alignswiththisdescription.7.(C)Thestudy'sexperimentsshowedaconsistentdeclineindecision-makingperformanceastheamountofsleepdeprivationincreased.Theresearchersconcludedthattheeffectsofmoderatesleepdeprivationondecision-makingaresignificantandpronounced.Option(C)reflectsthismainconclusion.8.(C)Thepassagestatesthatwhendemandforaproductincreaseswhilesupplyremainsconstant,thepricetendstorise.Thisisadirectapplicationofthesupplyanddemandtheorydescribed.Option(C)isthecorrectanswer.9.(C)Thepassagefocusesondescribingthearchitecturalfeatures(facade,Treasury),engineeringskills(carvingintocliffs),anddesignprinciples(maximizinglightandventilation)ofPetra.Thisma