Unit2Growingpainsandgains基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were動詞過去分詞（by動作執(zhí)行者）”主語為單數(shù)（I/he/she/it）時用was，復(fù)數(shù)（we/you/they）時用were否定形式：主語was/werenot動詞過去分詞（by動作執(zhí)行者）。Bobwasencouragedtotrainforthehighjump.（肯定句Connie'sabilityinswimmingwasnotnoticedbyothercoaches.（否定句Tomrepairedhissister’sbrokenbikelast被動句：Hissister’sbrokenbikewasrepairedbyTomlastTheoldbuildingwaspulleddownlast否定句：Theoldbuildingwasn’tpulleddownlastTheselettersweresenttothecustomersbythesecretary否定句：Theseletterswerenotsenttothecustomersbythesecretary主語主語was/were動詞過去分詞by動作執(zhí)行者主語was/werenot動詞過去分詞by動作執(zhí)行者Was/Were主語by動作執(zhí)行者)？肯定回答：Yes,itwas./否定回答：No,itwasn't.特殊疑問詞（What/Who/When/Where/Why/How等）was/were+被動句：Thisletterwaswrittenbymy被動句：Yesterday’smeetingwasn’t被動句：Werethesephotostakeninthe肯定回答：Yestheywere.否定回答：Nothey被動句：Whenwasthisfilm主動語態(tài)中“動詞sbtodosth”結(jié)構(gòu)，變被動時to，結(jié)構(gòu)為“sb+was/were++todosth”。主動：TheschoolallowedConnietojointheswimming被動：ConniewasallowedtojointheswimmingteambytheTheteacheraskedTomtofinishthehomeworkon被動句：TomwasaskedbytheteachertofinishthehomeworkonMyparentsallowedmetogooutwithfriendslast被動句：IwasallowedbymyparentstogooutwithfriendslastDoctorsDoctorsadvisedhertoeatmore被動句：ShewasadvisedtoeatmoreThemanagertoldtheworkerstostarttheproject被動句：Theworkersweretoldtostarttheproject三種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)對比（以do為例do/am/is/are+was/were+will/begoingto+will/begoingto+be++am/is/are+主語+was/were++willbe+動詞過+am/is/are+not+was/were+++willnotbe+動詞過去分詞(縮寫won’tAm/Is/Are+主語+動詞+am/is/are.否定回答：No,主語代詞amWas/Were+動肯定回答：Yes,主語代詞+was/were.否定回答：No,主語代詞+Will+be+動詞肯定回答：Yes主語代詞+will.否定回答：No,主語代詞++主語+特殊疑問詞 was/were+主語+動特殊疑問詞+will+主語+be+動詞過去分詞？（疑問詞為Who時：Whowill+be動詞過去分詞Peoplegrowteain改寫為一般過去時否定句：Teawasn’tgrowninFujianlast改寫為一般將來時一般疑問句：WillteabegrowninFujiannextTheywillholdthemeetinginthe改寫為一般現(xiàn)在時一般疑問句：Isthemeetingheldinthehall改寫為一般過去時(when)特殊疑問句：Whenwasthemeetingheldinthe短暫性動詞（borrow、buy、open）的被動語態(tài)不能for/since引導(dǎo)的時間錯誤：Thebookwasborrowedfortwo正確：Thebookhasbeenkeptfortwoweeks.（需結(jié)合現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動詞be動詞過去分詞”，表示“某事必須/可以/應(yīng)該被做”例句：Therulesmustbefollowed.（這些規(guī)則必須被遵守。例句：Thisproblemcanbesolvedeasily.（這個問題可以被輕松解決。下列句子中，表達正確的一項是（BThepenwasboughtforthreeThepenhasbeenhadbyherforthreeThepenhasbeenboughtforthreeThepenwashadforthree解析：buy是短暫性動詞，與forthreemonths連用需轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞have，現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)為“hasbeenhad”，A、C未轉(zhuǎn)換動詞，D時態(tài)錯誤?！狧owlong thelibrary ?（C—SincelastA.has; B.was; C.has;been D.was;解析：howlong搭配延續(xù)性動詞，“open”轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性表達——“beopen”（open作形容詞，表“開放的狀態(tài)”，可持續(xù)），現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu)為“hasbeenopen”，A、B中opened是短暫性動詞，D時態(tài)錯誤。Thesemistakes bycarefulstudents.（BA.can B.canbe C.must D.shouldbe解析：情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞”，A缺少be動詞，C、D中過去分詞形式錯誤。Theletter