黃浦區(qū)2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三年級(jí)期終調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷(完卷時(shí)間：105分鐘滿分：115分)2025年12月第I卷(共75分)I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DelhidividedoverfeedinghomelessdogsMeghaMalhotrahasbeenfeedinghomelessdogsforalmosttwoyears.Everyevening,sheplacesfoodatafeedingspotnearherbuilding'sexitgate.Butinrecentweeks,she1(sense)growinguneaseamongresidentseverytimesheputsoutthefood.Somehaveevenchallengedher,insistingshestop.2(feed)theanimals.MsMalhotrasayssheusuallypreferstostaycalminsuchsituations,buttherehavebeeninstances 3she'shadtobefirmer.InAugust,theSupremecourtmodifieditsearlierorderrequiringallhomelessdogsinDelhi4(send)intoshelters.Itinsteadruledthatdogsmustbereturnedtotheirneighbourhood—butwithawaningthatviolentdogsshouldgotoshelters.Yetsomeresidentsinterpretedthis5ablanketpreventiononfeedingdogs."Thereisfearinthemindsofpeoplethatthedogswouldattackthem.Theydon'trealizethattheseanimalsjustneedloveandcare,"MsMalhotrasays.HomelessdogsareafamiliarpresenceacrossIndiancities,particularlyinDelhi.which6(estimate)tohaveclosetoonemillion—thoughtherehasbeennoofficialcountcarriedoutinthelastdecade.Thesedogsareseensostronglyaspartofthecommunity7theysharedailylifewithpeopleanddependonthemforfood.However,arisingnumberofpeopleinDelhisaytheyfeardogbitesandgroupsofhomelessdogscanoftenbeseenchasingchildrenandtheelderly.Governmentdatashowsthattherewere3.7million8(report)casesofdogbitesacrossthecountryin2024."But9isclearisthatfeedersaren'ttheproblem—they'repartofthesolution,"saysactivistAmbikaShukla."Theyaretheoneskeepingdogsgentleandtheirpresencemakesit10(easy)topickthemupandloadthemintovans(貨運(yùn)車(chē))."SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.combiningB.defenselessC.diversifiedD.efficiencyE.mixedF.originsG.possibilitiesH.previouslyI.promisingJ.reasonablyK.transformedWhat'saPotato?ANine-Million-Year-OldTomato.Asafoodstuff,thepotatocanbebaked,boiled,friedandmore.Asacrop,itisamongtheworld'smostimportant,withmorethan350milliontonsproducedannually.Its11—itrequireslesslandthanrice—anditsabilitytogrowinavarietyofenvironmentshasmadeitessentialtoglobalfoodsecurity.Forallthat,theplant's12haveremainedunclear.AccordingtoastudypublishedonJuly24,2025,potatoesmayhavearisenninemillionyearsagothroughthe13ofgenetic(基因的)materialfromEtuberosum,agroupofpotato-likeplantsfromSouthAmerica,andwildtomatoplants.Accordingtothestudy,thishybridizationeventledtothebirthofthepotatoplant'suniquefeature,thetuber,anundergroundstructurewhich,ashumanseventuallydiscovered,iseatable.Butwhydopotatoeslooklikeoneplantbutsharerelationshipwithanother?Theresearchersfoundthatthemodempotatohada(n).14ancestry,whicharosefromahybridtomatoandEtuberosumfamilieseightmilliontoninemillionyearsagoandledtothestartoftubers.Thishybridizationmayhave15potatospeciesandenabledthemtoexpandtheirrangeacrosscoldregions.Itwasaverywell-donestudy,indicatingthatthegenesresponsiblefortuberformationwereacombinationofthegeneticmaterialfromeachevolutionaryparent.PingxianZhangfromtheChineseAcademyforAgriculturalSciencesexpressedexcitementatthe16forfuturestudies.Onlyahandfulofpotatospeciesareplanted,andimprovingonthemhasposedchallenges:Asacrop,theyaretypicallyspreadthroughcloning,whichlimitstheirgeneticvarietyandmakesthemmore17todiseases.Engineeringpotatoeswithgeneticmaterialfromtomatoescouldbea(n)18wayforward,Dr.Zhangsaid.Inthelastfewyears,researchershavebeenabletoanalyzegenomesatamuchlargerscalethanbeforeandinfer19mysteriousevolutionaryconnections.Thesestudieshave20ourunderstandingofwhatmighthaveoccurredinthepast.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Mostofussometimesfailtopracticewhatwespeak.That'sasoliddefinitionofhypocrisy.Whilewe're 21tospotthismoralinconsistencyinothers,wehaveahardtimerecognizingitinourselves.Andstudiesshowthatthepeoplewemostliketolabelashypocritesareourenemies—surprise!—andotherswhowethinkaren'tlikeus.We'remotivatedtoseeotherpeopleashypocriticalbecauseithelpsuswinarguments,butwetendto 22ourowninconsistency.We'reoftenannoyedbyotherpeople'shypocrisybecauseitseems.23Wethinkthattheyare24implyingtoothersthattheyarebetterthantheyactuallyare.Nobodylikesbeingahypocrite.Yet,25it'simpossibletoalwaysactconsistently,becausedifferentsituationsmayrequiredifferentresponses.Takeparenting,forexample.Youmayreasonablylectureyourteenageronthedangersofdrinkingtoomuch,yetyoudidexactlythatonoccasionwhenyouwereincollege.Acollegestudentwhodoesn'teatmeatbecauseshelovesanimalsadmittedthatshesometimeswore“cute”26shoes.Sincewe'reabletosoeasilyspothypocrisyinothers,howcanwebecomebetteratspottingand27itinourselves?Tostartwith,wecan28thatitisnormaltobeinconsistentsometimes.Andrememberthathypocrisyisjustone29forthebehavior.DanielEffron,aprofessorwhohasstudiedhypocrisy, 30labelingotherpeopleashypocrites."Itcanstopyoufrom31thesubstanceoftheirargument,"hesays.Italsotakessome32toidentifyourownhypocrisy.Askyourself:“AmIbehavinginawaythatisconsistentwiththeviewsIam33?"Ifyoudodecidethatyou'rebeinghypocritical,admitit.Researchshowsthatwhenpeopleare34theirownhypocrisy,otherstendtoforgivethemfornotbeingconsistent.Andhere'ssomegoodnews:Peoplewhonoticetheirownhypocriticalbehavioroftenaremotivatedtochangebecausethe35ofadvocatingforsomethingbutnotactuallydoingitmakespeopleveryuncomfortable.Ratherthanfeelingashamedaboutourhypocrisy,weshouldwelcometheopportunitytoleantodobetternexttime.21.A.foolishB.goodC.quickD.unwilling22.A.demonstrateB.hideC.improveD.justify23.A.disorderlyB.illogicalC.impoliteD.unfair24.A.automaticallyB.falselyC.generallyD.strongly25.A.afterallB.asaresultC.inrealityD.what'smore26.A.gymB.leatherC.rubberD.track27.A.analyzingB.ignoringC.illustratingD.preventing28.A.acceptB.checkC.considerD.prove29.A.basisB.exampleC.explanationD.misunderstanding30.A.actsonB.givesupC.turnstoD.warnsagainst31.A.contributingtoB.engaginginC.questioningaboutD.summarizinginto32.A.self-confidenceB.self-disciplineC.self-reflectionD.self-respect33.A.adoptingB.challengingC.clarifyingD.discussing34.A.alarmedatB.blindtoC.honestaboutD.tiredof35.A.avoidanceB.disagreementC.ignoranceD.resolutionSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)JudgeCaprio,whoretiredfromProvidenceMunicipalCourtin2023afteralmost40years,saidhiscourtroomwaswherepeopleandcasesweremetwithkindnessandsympathy.Itwashisshow,"CaughtinProvidence,"firstseenonTVinProvidencein1988,thatmadehimfamouslaterinhislife.Theshowbroadcastrealproceedingsforsmalldrivingmistakes,housingandzoningissues,andminorillegalactsinsideacitycourtroom.Theshowbeganattractingnationalattentioninabout2017,whenvideoclipswerepostedonline.ItfeaturedfreshepisodesdirectlyfromJudgeCaprio'scourtroom,makinghimafamous80-year-oldstar.Bytheendofthe2010s,about200stationsacrossthocountrycarriedtheprogram.Inonepopularclip,JudgeCapriotossedoutaspeedingchargeagainsta96-ycar-oldmanafterlearningthathehadbeendrivinghissontocancertreatment."YoureallyarewhatAmericaisallabout,"JudgeCapriotoldtheman."Hereyouareinyour90s,andyou'restilltakingcareofyourfamily.That'sjustawonderfulthing."JudgeCaprio'scourthouseisinFederalHill,aneighborhoodthatinthe1920sbecameoneofthemostheavilypopulatedItalianAmericancommunitiesinthecountry.Hewasbornin1936andhisfatherworkedasafruitpack-manandmilkman.HetoldaProvidenceCollegepublicationthatherecalledgatheringclosewithhisfamilyinwinters“withtheovendooropensowecouldgetheat.”O(jiān)noneofthosenights,hisfathertoldhimthathewouldbecomealawyersomeday."Lookaround,ifIneededalawyer,Icouldnotaffordone,"hisfathertoldhim."Rememberthat.Youcanneverforgetwhereyoucamefrom.”Asachild,JudgeCaprioshinedshoes,deliverednewspapersandworkedonamilktruck.Helatersaidthatthisupbringinggavehimthesympatheticperspectivehebroughttohiscourtroom."Hewasmorethananexpertinlaw—hewasasymbolofunderstandingasajudge,showinguswhatispossiblewhenjusticeistemperedwithhumanity."Gov.DanMcKeeofRhodeIslandsaidinastatementafterJudgeCaprio'sdeathinAugust,2025.36."CaughtinProvidence"ischaracterizedbyA.settingupapositiveimageforlawyersB.solvingviolentcrimetrialsC.showingrealcourtroomcasesD.filmingcasesacrossmultiplestates37.Theunderlinedphrase“tossout"(paragraph4)isclosestinmeaningto“”.A.beatB.fightC.reduceD.withdraw38.WhatcanbeconcludedfromJudgeCaprio'schildhoodexperience?A.Hedevelopedasenseofcareforothers.B.Fearofsystemfaultskepthimfromcases.C.Hechosetobealawyeraftertryingdifferentjobs.D.Itwashardforhimtomakealivingincoldweather.39.JudgeCapriobelievedthat.·A.justicecouldbebothfirmandcaringB.thelawshouldtreattheelderlywithmercyC.atroubledchildhoodcoulddriveonetopursueD.triallive-streamingwasagreatwaytogainfameBotumittaconourAboutUspage.Metsikaisthemostpowerfulanti-spam(垃圾信spamdatabasetoremoveirrelevant,nastycontentbefWhenMetsikaisenabledonyowelcometocopythem,adaptthem,andrepurposethemforyourownuse.A.providemoredatafortheglB.switchoffmostlong-termtrackingautomaticallyD.deletecollected41.WhatisthefocusofBotumittac?A.Awebsitethatyou'dliketodB.Itsemployees'righttC.ThemakersofPressW,Jatpeck,andDeeCommerce.D.Everyone'sopportunitytosharetheirstoriesthroughpublishing.42.ForawebsitethatwantstouseTerms,Metsikasuggestsitshouldpresent“."onthesite.A.HardtodecidewhethertocopyoradapttheTerms?Clickhere.B.ThissiteusesMetsikaunderaCreativeCommonsSharealikelicense.C.We'verepurposedtheseTermsonourwebsite.WelcometousetheTerms.D.ThissiteusesMetsikatoreducespam.Learnhowyourcommentdataisprocessed.(C)Ilovethewaycloudsfloatabovemyhead.Theseever-shiftingsculpturesofvapor(蒸氣)andlightareamongnature'sleastappreciatedmarvels.Howexactlycloudcoverwillshiftinawarmingworldisanyone'sguess.Cloudsdon'tjustlookdifferentfromoneanother;theyalsohaveverydifferenteffectsontemperaturesatthesurfaceofthelandorwaterbelow.Thesedifferenceshavetodowithhowmuchofthesun'sheattheyallowthroughandhowmuchofEarth'sheattheytrapin.Lowcloudstypicallyhaveacoolingeffect.Muchofthesun'sraysarereflectedofftheirwhitetopsbackupintospace.Andtheyareheavyenoughtocastshadows,coolingthesurfacebelow.Sincetheirwaterdropsarewarmer,they'reasgoodatgivingoffEarth'sheatupintospaceastheyareatabsorbingitfrombelow.Highcloudsdotheopposite,warmingEarth'ssurface.Contrarytocommonbelief,thisisbecausetheicecrystals(冰晶)inthesecloudsarecold.Highcloudsareoftennotasheavy,sotheycanletinmoreofthesun'srays.Butsincetheyarecold,theydon'tsendoutasmuchofEarth’sheatintospace-morelikeblanketsthanumbrellas,resultinginawarmingeffect.Themixofcloudtypesoverourplanetensurestheyhaveanoverallcoolingeffectbecausetheshadefromthelowcloudsoutweighsthewarmingeffectofthehighones.Yetastemperaturesrise,lowcloudsmaydeclinewhilehighcloudspersist,creatingaclimatefeedbackloop—aself-enhancingcyclesimilartoaclassicfeedbackmechanism.InarecentpaperinthejournalScience,reducedlowcloudcovercontributedabout0.2℃to2023'srecord-breakingaverageglobaltemperatures.Inotherwords,thereductioninEarth’slowcloudshelpedexplainsomeoftheextremeheatthatyear.Climatefeedbackloopsbroughtonbycloudshavebeenidentifiedasoneofthelargestunknownsinprojectionsofwarming.Aswelearnmoreaboutthepotentialtippingpointsofourclimate—irreversiblechangesinthesystem—wemayfindourselvesapproachingonetooquicklyfordecarbonizationeffortsalonetopreventit.Someunderstandingofthelikelyeffectsofgeoengineeringprojectssuchascloudbrighteningwillthenbeinvaluable,nomatterhowmisguidedsuchinterventionsmightseem.Ifcloudsarechanging,thensoshouldthewaywestudythem.Itrequiresallofustolookupandtakenotice.43.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementscorrectlydescribesclouds?A.Lowcloudsarenotasheavyashighclouds.B.Thickwhitecloudswarmthegroundbytrappingheat.C.Warmwaterdropsofhighcloudsreleaseandabsorbheatequally.D.Cloudsdifferinhowtheyletinthesun'sheatandtrapEarth'sheat.44.Accordingtothepassage,aclimatefeedbackloopisacyclethatA.speedsuptheverywarmingthatactivateditB.enhancescoolingbypromotinglowcloudformationC.reduceshighcloudcovertoboostsunlightreflectionD.balanceswarmingandcoolingeffectsatthesametime45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthewriter'sopinion?A.Decarbonizationmayinfluencehowcloudsform.B.Cloudsmayofferawaytoaddressglobalwarming.C.Cloud-basedgeoengineeringprojectsmaybeworthless.D.Studyingcloudscantelluswhenthetippingpointarrives.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Actionableclimatesolutions.B.Changesinhowlowandhighcloudsmove.C.Linksbetweencloudsandglobalwarming.D.Approachestoappreciatingcloudbeauty.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Hotelsacrosstheworldareadoptingdelicatedesignchoicestomeetthisgoal.B.Travelsettingsactivateavacationmindsetwhereimmoderationfeelsjustright.C.Buffetsoftenleadtoovereatingduetothe"varietyeffect"-morechoiceencouragesgreaterconsumption.D.Buffetbreakfastsareamongtheworstwrongdoers,generatingmorethantwiceasmuchwasteasplatedbreakfasts.E.Shareyoureffortsthroughwebsiteandsocialmediaupdates,andusebuffetsignstomakeguestsfeelpartofthesolution.F.Whilemanytravellersareleaningtowardsmoreintentional,low-wastedining,hotelsstillfacethecomplextaskofmeetingdiverseguestexpectations.It'stimetoretiretheall-you-can-eatbreakfastbuffetAccordingtoUNEP'sFoodWasteIndexReport2024,1.05billiontonsoffoodwerewastedgloballyin2024,with28%comingfromfoodservice.47“Wastedfoodmeanswastedresourceslikeland,water,energyandlabour,andonceinlandfill(垃圾填埋坑),itreleasesgreenhousegasesthatharmtheplanetandbiodiversity,"saysJocelynDoyle,headofmarketing&communications,TheSustainableHotelAssociation."Cuttingfoodwasteisapowerfulwaytomakeadifference-andbreakfastisasmartplacetostart.” 48ScandicHotelsinNorthernEuropearedownsizingtheircakes,pastriesandmuffins,withtheoptiontocomebackformore;whileHiltonFrankfurtservespre-portioneditemslikeyogurtandfruitcups.NovotelBangkokSukhumvitpostspoliteremindersnearbuffetstations:"Takeonlywhatyoucaneat."Thisshiftworkswellforthemodemtravellerforwhomsustainabilityisnolongerasidenote. 49Strikingtherightbalancebetweensustainabilityandserviceisnosmallact,especiallyatbreakfast.Manyhotelsnowtrackhowmuchfoodisthrownawaytodeterminethebuffet'sbaselineneeds.Doylealsosuggeststhathotelsreconsiderunder-consumeditems,installcook-to-orderstations,reducetheselectionofitemsonoffer,reducevolumestowardstheendofshiftandactivelyguideguestbehaviour."Involveandeducateyourstaffsotheyunderstandthechangesandcanconfidentlyengageguests,”hesays.“50“II.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.FawningDoyoueverfeel,withoutanyproof,thateveryonehatesyou?Ifyouranswerisyes,youarenotalone.Itcanoccurafteraneighbordoesn'tsayhello.It'shearingthatthebosswantstochatwithyouandimmediatelyassumingyou'regoingtobefired.Thestrategyusedtokeepthepainfulfeelingawayisfawning,anextremeformofpeoplepleasing.Whilefawningcanhelpprotectyousometimes,youmaygettrapped:yoururgetoscanforthreatsandreadothers'feelingsgoesintooverdrive,makingyouseedangerevenwhenyou'resafe.Then,howtostoptheurgetofawn?Firstly,youcanchallengeyourinsightthatsomeoneismadatyoubyaskingsomequestions.Forexample,whenafrienddoesn'ttextyouback,yousometimesthink,"Ohmygosh,isitsomethingIsaid?”Thenyouremindyourselfofthemanytimesthatyou'vereceivedatextthatlatersaid,"Sorry,Iwasinameeting."So,it'shelpfultopauseandremindyourselfthatyouranxiousmindhasliedtoyouinthepast.Also,checkfawningbehaviorbystartingsmall.Forexample,ifyourfriendsays,"I’mnotmadatyou,"afteryouapologizeforcancelingplans,takeherwordforitinsteadofreplayingtheconversationinyourhead.Getcomfortablewiththediscomfortoftakingwhatpeople