太極英語(yǔ)Unit18JingangDaoduiandShoushi1.ExplainthemeaningofShoushi.2.IllustratethetwoformsinEnglish.3.Readmoreaboutoverseasstudy.LearningObjectives1.解釋“收勢(shì)”的意思。2.用英語(yǔ)講解這兩個(gè)招式。3.閱讀更多關(guān)于海外學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。Directions:Readthefollowingdialogueandmakeyourowninpairs.WhoLaughsLastLaughsBestA:Howareyou,Butler?B:Fine.Thankyou,Amy.A:We’vebeenlearningthisroutineofthe26-formChen’sTaiChiforfiveweeks.MayIaskyouaquestionaboutit?B:Asyour“butler”brother,it’smypleasure.A:Howareyoumostimpressed1withtheroutine?笑到最后的人笑得最甜甲：你好嗎？巴特勒。乙：挺好的。謝謝你，艾米。甲：我們學(xué)這套二十六式陳氏太極拳5個(gè)星期了。對(duì)此，我能問(wèn)你個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？乙：作為“管家”哥哥，那是我的榮幸啊。甲：你對(duì)這套太極拳印象最深的是什么？B:Simple,graceful,wonderful...Whatdoyoumean,exactly?A:Imeanwhichformdoyouthinkisthemostimportant?B:Ofcourse,thefirstform,BeginningPosture(Qishi).A:Why?B:Agoodbeginningmakeshalfdone,youknow.乙：簡(jiǎn)單、優(yōu)美，精彩……你具體想問(wèn)什么呢？甲：我的意思是你認(rèn)為哪一招最重要？乙：當(dāng)然是第一招，起勢(shì)。甲：為什么？乙：好的開始是成功的一半，你懂的。A:Iagreewiththat.ButIlikeClosingPosture(Shoushi)most,thelastform.B:Speakup2yourreason,Amy.A:Myreasonisthathewholaughslastlaughsbest.B:Whatdoyoumeanbythat?A:Youknow,agoodresultisalwaysourpursuit3nomatterwhatwedo.AndClosingPostureistheendingpostureoftheroutine,therefore,itshouldbethesupreme4form.甲：我同意。但是我最喜歡收勢(shì),最后一招。乙：說(shuō)說(shuō)你的理由吧，艾米。甲：我認(rèn)為笑到最后，笑得最甜。乙：何出此言呢？甲：你知道的，無(wú)論我們干什么，好的結(jié)果總是我們的追求所在。而收勢(shì)就是這套拳的收尾動(dòng)作，所以，它應(yīng)該是至高無(wú)上的招數(shù)B:Itcannotbedenied,butitshouldbepointedoutthatClosingPostureisnotitspurpose.Andwithoutagoodbeginning,howcantherebeagoodresult?A:Ialsoagreewithyouonthis,butIinsistonmyunderstanding.Thatis,ClosingPostureismuchsuperior5toBeginningPosture.B:Superior?Ithinkitshouldbeinferior6.And...乙：這無(wú)可否認(rèn)，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)指出，收勢(shì)并不是其目的所在。沒有良好的開端，何來(lái)良好的結(jié)果呢？甲：我也同意這一點(diǎn)，但是我依然堅(jiān)持我的理解。那就是，收勢(shì)的地位遠(yuǎn)高于起勢(shì)。乙：高于？我想它是低于吧。而且……C:Excuseme.MayIgetinaword?AandB:Robin!Welcome.C:Thankyoutwo.What’reyouarguingabout?B:We’renotarguing,butairing7ourviews.A:ButlerthinksBeginningPostureismoreimportantthanClosingPosture.Butmyideaiscontrarytohis.What’syouropiniononthis,Robin?丙：打擾一下?？梢圆寰湓拞?？甲和乙：羅賓！歡迎啊。丙：謝謝兩位。你們?cè)跔?zhēng)論什么？乙：我們沒爭(zhēng)，只是各抒己見而已。甲：巴特勒認(rèn)為起勢(shì)比收勢(shì)重要。但是，我的想法和他的恰恰相反。你對(duì)此有何看法，羅賓？B:Iwouldalsoliketoknowyourbigidea.C:What’syourreason,Butler?B:Anylofty8towerisbasedontheflatground,soIholdtheideathatBeginningPostureismoreimportant.C:Andyouridea,Amy?A:AllroadsleadtoRome.It’sobviousthatRomeisthemostsplendidcity.AndClosingPostureisjusttheEternalCityinthisroutine.C:Bothofyourargumentsareaspersuasive9asmeaningful.IreallyhavenoideawhoIshouldbeinfavorof.乙：我也想聽聽你的高見。丙：你什么理由啊，巴特勒？乙：萬(wàn)丈高樓平地起，所以我認(rèn)為，起勢(shì)更重要。丙：那么你的看法呢，艾米？甲：條條大路通羅馬。顯然羅馬城是最輝煌燦爛的城池。而收勢(shì)就像是這套拳里的“永恒之城”。丙：你們兩個(gè)的論據(jù)既出色又有說(shuō)服力。我真不知道我應(yīng)該支持哪一個(gè)。AandB:Backme,please.C:Wouldyouliketohearanideafromthethirdparty?A:OK.B:Me,too.Threemindsarebetterthantwo.C:Ithinkbothofyourideasareverysoundandmyideaisthatthemostimportantpartsarethetwo:BeginningPostureandClosingPosture.A:Howfunny!甲和乙：請(qǐng)支持我吧。丙：你們?cè)敢饴犅牭谌降目捶▎?？甲：我愿意。乙：我也愿意。人多智廣。丙：我覺得你們兩個(gè)的觀點(diǎn)都很站得住腳，而我認(rèn)為起勢(shì)和收勢(shì)都是最重要的部分。甲：真有意思！B:I’mconfused!C:Thinkaboutit.Neitherofthemcanexistwithouttheother;nobeginning,noend,andviceversa.A:Indeed.It’sreallynotrighttoseparatethemfromeachother.B:Iforgotthat.YinandYanggenerateeachother.Withouttheexistenceoftheother,howcouldYinandYangexistalone?乙：我有點(diǎn)糊涂了！丙：想想看。它們兩個(gè)誰(shuí)離開了對(duì)方，都不能存在；沒有開始，何來(lái)結(jié)尾？反之亦然。甲：確實(shí)如此。將它們割裂開來(lái)的確不合適。乙：我都給忘了。陰陽(yáng)相生。沒了對(duì)方的存在，陰陽(yáng)豈能單獨(dú)存在？C:Wellsaid.Inaddition,thinkaboutwhat’srequiredinthetwoforms.Bothofthemrequiretheplayerstobeattentiveandenergeticinside,andrelaxedoutside.Whilepressingthepalmsandcrouchingdownward,itisrequiredthatyourenergybeguidedbyyourmind.A:Inthisrespect,theyarevirtuallyone.丙：說(shuō)得好！此外，再想想這兩招的要求。兩者都要求練習(xí)者全神貫注，內(nèi)顯活力，外示安逸。按掌下蹲的同時(shí)，要求以意導(dǎo)氣。甲：在這方面，兩者其實(shí)是一樣的。B:Putitanotherway,they’rejustlikeYinandYang.TheirevolutionmakesTaiji.C:Yes.Soifyoudoletmesaywhichismoreimportant,IcanonlysayTaiChiis.A:Well,Iinsistthatagoodbeginningishalfthesuccess,butthereisstillhalfofthedistancetocovertoreachthepointofsuccess.B:Now,Istillinsistonthathewholaughslastlaughsbest,butwealllaughlast.乙：換一種說(shuō)法，它們就像陰陽(yáng)。陰陽(yáng)演化生太極。丙：是的。如果你們非得讓我說(shuō)哪個(gè)更重要，我只能說(shuō)太極拳本身更重要。甲：好，我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為好的開端是成功的一半，但還是要走完剩下的一半距離才能實(shí)現(xiàn)成功。乙：那我還是堅(jiān)持笑到最后的人笑得最甜，只是，我們都笑到了最后。C:Youbotharesohumorous.Anyway,itallindicatesthatagoodbeginningandclosingmaketheveryessenceofTaiChi.丙：你們倆都那么幽默?？傊?，這一切都說(shuō)明了善始善終才是太極拳的精髓所在。ReadTable14anddoTasksA,B,CandD.TaskA:Pairwork—basicunderstanding1.WhyisitcalledJingangDaodui(JingangPoundingtheMortar)?2.HowmanyactionsarethereinJingangDaodui?Whatarethey?3.WhatdoesShoushimeaninEnglish?4.HowmanyactionsarethereinShoushi?Whatarethey?TaskB:Groupwork—Brainstorming1.WhenwardingoffforwardwiththeleftarminAction1oftheJingangDaodui,isthepalmfacingupwardordownward?2.WhereistheirpositionwhentherightfistisinthecenteroftheleftpalminAction2oftheJingangDaodui?3.HowtodrawthehandsinanarcfromtheabdomentothetopofheadinAction1oftheShoushi?4.HowtomovethehandsfromheadtoptothebodysideinAction1oftheShoushi?Table14:JingangDaoduiandShoushi25.JingangDaodui(JingangPoundingtheMortar)Action1:Shifttheweightrightward,andstrokebackwardwithbothhands;thenshifttheweightleftward,andpeng(wardoff)theleftarmforward（Fig.25-1）.Notes:1)Bothhandsstrokebackwardasthetorsoturnsrightward.Theleftarmwardsoffforwardasthetorsoturnsleftward.Beforetheleftwardweightshift,swingtheleftfootoutwardforapivotstep.2)Thefixedpostureisaleftbowstance,withtherightpalmdroopingovertherightkneespontaneously1,andtheleftforearmhorizontaltochestlevel,leadingthepengenergy.ChineseEnglish25.金剛搗碓動(dòng)作一：右移重心，雙手回捋；然后左移重心，左臂前掤（圖例25-1）。注：1）雙手隨身體右轉(zhuǎn)后捋。左臂隨身體左轉(zhuǎn)前掤。左移重心之前，左腳外擺，做碾步。2）定勢(shì)左弓步，右掌自然垂于右膝上方，左前臂平與胸高，領(lǐng)掤勁。Action2:Steptherightfootforwardandraisetherightpalm,withtheleftpalmrestingontherightforearm.Thenleaduptherightpalmintoafistanddroptheleftinfrontoftheabdomen(Fig.25-2-1).Droptherightfistontotheleftpalm;liftthekneeandrushthefistupward,withtheenergytothefistfaceandkneetip.Bendtheknees,stampthefootandhammerthefistdownward,therightfistfallingontotheleftpalm,thefisteyefacingforward,andtheeyeslookingatthefronthorizontally(Fig.25-2-2).Notes:1)Stepforwardintoanemptystep,withtherightfoottiptoestouchingthegroundahead.Lifttherightkneetohiplevel,thrusttherightfistupwardtoeyelevel.2)SinktheQidownwardthroughoutthebody.Nomatterhowheavyorlightitistostampthefoot,ensurethesinkingforceremainscomplete.ChineseEnglish動(dòng)作二：上右步，挑掌，左掌落于右小臂。右掌上領(lǐng)變?nèi)?，左掌落在腹前（圖例25-2-1）。落右拳于左掌心內(nèi)；提膝沖拳，力達(dá)于拳面和膝尖。屈膝，震腳，砸拳，右拳落入左掌心內(nèi)，拳眼朝前，雙目平視前方（圖例25-2-2）。注：1）上步成虛步，右腳尖點(diǎn)于前方。提右膝至胯平，沖右拳至眼平。2）周身氣向下沉，震腳無(wú)論輕重，都要保證下沉勁力完整。Chinese26.Shoushi(ClosingPosture)Action1:Asthebodyascends2slowly,bothpalmsdrawastandingcircleupwardfromeachside(Fig.26-1).Action2:Atthetop,clench3thefistsanddropthem;attheears,changefistsintopalmsandpressdownward,fromthechesttotheabdomenandtoeachside(Fig.26-2).English26.收式動(dòng)作一：隨身體緩緩而起，雙掌由身體兩側(cè)向上劃立圓（圖例26-1）。動(dòng)作二：從頭頂握拳下落，至耳畔變掌下按，經(jīng)胸至腹前，落于身體兩側(cè)（圖例26-2）。ChineseAction3:Withdrawtheleftfootandstandwithfeettogether(Fig.26-3).Notes:1)Beforebringingthefeettogether,lifttheleftkneetohiplevel.Inthefinalposture,maintainanuprightposture,gaze4forward,andkeepacalmandnaturalexpression.2)Whendrawingthecircleandpressingthepalmsdownward,raisethecrownenergy,consciouslycombinedwith5adeepbreath.GuidetheQiwithmindandsinkitintotheDantianAcupoint,makingtheintegrityofthedescendingenergythroughouttheentirebody.English動(dòng)作三：左腳收回，并步站立（圖例26-3）。注：1）并步前，提左膝至胯平。定勢(shì)中，立身中正，目視前方，表情自然鎮(zhèn)定。2）雙手劃圓和按掌時(shí)，頂勁領(lǐng)起，有意識(shí)地深呼吸。以意導(dǎo)氣，氣沉丹田，使下沉勁力貫通全身。TaskC:Groupwork—explorethefollowingquestions1.WhatisthemostimportantthinginJingangDaodui?2.Howtoapplyittopractice?3.WhyisthereShoushi?4.HowtomoveenergyduringthecourseofShoushi?TaskD:Classwork1.It’ssuggestedtodividetheclassintotwogroups.OnegroupdoesJingangDaodui(JingangPoundingtheMortar)andtheothermakesShoushi(ClosingPosture).Whenastudentisperformingtheform,otherstudentsshouldtrytomakeuseofbriefEnglishtodescribetheactionsinvolved.2.Pickoutoneortwogroupstomaketheperformanceinpublicasthemodel.Theteacherissuggestedtocorrectthestudents’Englishdescriptions.Bearinmindthatanyencouragementiswelcome.Step1:Workinagroupofthreeorfour.Readthepassageandcompletethefollowingquestionswiththegivenexpressions.1.When/there/morethan4millionChinesepeople/wenttostudyabroad?2.Where/you/getthefigure?3.Why/somepeople/think/it/thebesttime/inyourlife/tostudyabroadnow?You/agree?4.Why/somepeople/think/it/toenjoyanewlife/agoldenchance?5.What/agoodway/togetintouch/culturaldifferences/accordingtothepassage?6.What/culturaldifferences/reflect?7.What/you/gettoknow/afterleavingyourcomfortzone/lifeinChina?8.Why/learningoverseas/valuable?9.Whatdoubtsandconcerns/thepassage/mention?What/you/thinkof/them?10....(morequestionsareencouraged)WhyStudyAbroad?

Everyyear,manystudentsstudyabroad.Therewereupto4.04millionpeoplewhowentoverseas1tostudybytheendof2015,growingatanaveragerateof19.06%peryear,withtheinformationcomingfromtheMinistryofEducation2.Overthepastfiveyears,theaveragerateperyearisupto15.5%orso,farfasterthanthatofourGDP.Youmaybewonderingwhytheystudiedabroad.ChineseEnglish為何要留學(xué)海外？每年都有許多學(xué)生留學(xué)海外。教育部數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2015年底，到海外學(xué)習(xí)的中國(guó)人數(shù)達(dá)到404萬(wàn)。過(guò)去五年間，年均增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)到15.5%左右，遠(yuǎn)超我國(guó)GDP增長(zhǎng)速度。你可能會(huì)好奇：為何他們會(huì)留學(xué)海外？

Somethinkitisthebesttimeinyourlifetostudyabroadnow.You’llnevergetabetteropportunitythanrightnow.Ifyouhaveeverthoughtofstudyingoverseas,doitwhileyouareincollege.Missingthisopportunity,it’salmostimpossibletodoitlaterinlife.Travelingoverseasisjustnotthesame.

Somethinkitisagoldenchancetobroadenyourhorizons3andgainanewperspective4.LifeinChinaisprettymuchthesamedayin,dayout.Lifeoverseasmakesyouseeyourdailyworldinawholenewlight5.Itisnoteasytorealizeit,butourculturedoesshapethewayweviewtheworldandaffectsuseveryminute.ChineseEnglish有人認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在去海外留學(xué)是人生中的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。你絕不可能得到一個(gè)比現(xiàn)在更好的機(jī)會(huì)。如果你曾經(jīng)想過(guò)留學(xué)，那么趁上大學(xué)的時(shí)候就去吧。一旦錯(cuò)過(guò)良機(jī)，在你以后的人生中再去留學(xué)幾乎是不可能的。海外旅行可是另外一碼事。有人認(rèn)為這是個(gè)黃金機(jī)會(huì)，可以拓寬視野，獲得新視角。在中國(guó)，生活幾乎每天都一樣。而海外生活會(huì)讓你用全新的視角看待日常世界。意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)并不容易，但是我們的文化的確塑造了我們看待世界的方式，而且每分鐘都影響著我們。

Learningoverseasisalsoagoodwaytogetintouchwithculturaldifferences.Thedifferencesarenotmerelythoseinlanguage,food,clothing,andart.Theyalsodeeplyreflectourperception6oftheworldandinfluenceourwayoflife,andtheseunderstandingsareradically7differentfromoneculturetoanother.Ifyoulearnoverseas,youwillbemoresensitivetonewsfromaroundtheworld.You’llbeabletorelatebettertotheotherstudentsoncampusfromdifferentcultures.

Inaddition,ithelpstoimprovewhoyoureallyare.Whatareyourlimits?Howdoyouovercomeobstacles8youhaveneverencounteredbefore?Howfarcanyoupushyourself?Howindependentareyou?Allofthesequestionsarehardtoansweruntilyouareremovedfromyourfamiliarhomeland.Byleavingyourcomfortzone9oflifeinChina,youwillgettoknowstrengthsyouneverknewbefore.Studentsstudyingabroadcommonlysaythattheiroverseaslearningexperiencehasactuallychangedtheirlives.ChineseEnglish去海外學(xué)習(xí)也是接觸文化差異的好途徑。這種差異不僅體現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)言、飲食、衣物和藝術(shù)上，還深刻反映我們對(duì)世界的感知并影響著我們的生活方式。而且，不同文化視角的理解往往存在根本差異。如果你去海外留學(xué)，你就會(huì)對(duì)世界各地的新聞更加敏感。你就能更好地理解校園里那些不同文化背景的學(xué)生。此外，去海外留學(xué)還有助于完善真實(shí)的自我。你的極限在哪里？如何克服從未遇到過(guò)的困難？能逼自己做到哪一步？你有多獨(dú)立？這些問(wèn)題，只有當(dāng)你離開熟悉的祖國(guó)后才能找到答案。走出在國(guó)內(nèi)生活的舒適區(qū)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己從未知曉的優(yōu)勢(shì)。去海外留學(xué)的學(xué)生們常說(shuō)，海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷確實(shí)改變了他們的人生。

Additionally,overseaslearningisavaluablecommodity10intoday’sglobalsociety.Potentialemployerswillbeimpressedthatyouhaveauniqueperspectivenotonlyonanothersociety,butonyourownaswell.Learningoverseasshowsthatyouareactive,inquisitive11andwillingtotrynewthings—allthesethingsareveryappealingqualitiesinanemployee.Peoplewhostudyabroadtendtobewillingtotakerisks,putthemselvesinunusualsituations,beabletosolveproblemsunderuniquecircumstances,andbeabletoovercomethefearoftheunknown.YoucanbesettingyourselfapartfromotherChinesestudents.ChineseEnglish另外，海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷在當(dāng)今的全球化社會(huì)中也是一種寶貴的財(cái)富。潛在的雇主將會(huì)對(duì)你印象深刻，因?yàn)槟銚碛锌创?nèi)外兩種社會(huì)的獨(dú)特視角。海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷表明：你是積極的、好問(wèn)的，而且樂于嘗試新生事物——所有這些在一個(gè)雇員身上都是極具吸引力的品質(zhì)。有海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷的人往往愿意承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，置身于不尋常的環(huán)境中，能在特殊情況下解決問(wèn)題，也能克服對(duì)未知的恐懼。這會(huì)讓你在中國(guó)學(xué)生中脫穎而出。

There,however,arealsoquiteafewdoubtsorconcernsaboutstudyingabroad,asthecoexistenceofYinandYanginTaiChisuggests.Doesstudyingabroaddefinitelyguaranteesuccess?Doesitsurelymakeiteasytofindajob?Isittheonlygoodwaytounderstandculturaldifferences?Willwefallintoblindadmirationforforeignthings?Willacademicexchangesbecomemorepoliticized?Willinvisible12academicdiscriminationgrowmoreserious?Willl