外研版高二英語上冊第八單元測試卷學校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________得分：___________考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分說明：本單元圍繞“EnvironmentalProtection”（環(huán)境保護）主題展開，考查英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識、閱讀理解、語言運用及書面表達能力。聽力部分側(cè)重日常對話與短文理解，閱讀部分涵蓋科普說明、議論文等體裁，語言知識運用聚焦單元核心詞匯與語法，寫作要求結(jié)合環(huán)保主題進行應(yīng)用文或議論文寫作。答題時請規(guī)范書寫，聽力題聽前預(yù)讀題干，閱讀題緊扣文本信息，寫作題確保內(nèi)容完整、邏輯清晰。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Theairqualityinthecity.B.Thepriceofgasoline.C.Hiscar'sperformance.2.Howwillthewomangotoworktomorrow?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Buyanewplasticbag.B.Bringareusablebag.C.Useapaperbag.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aenvironmentalreport.B.Atree-plantingactivity.C.Apollutionaccident.5.Whenwilltheenvironmentallecturestart?A.At2:30pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At3:30pm.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydidthemanjointheenvironmentalclub?A.Tomakemorefriends.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Tofulfillhisschooltask.7.Whatactivitywilltheclubholdnextweek?A.Abeachcleanup.B.Arecyclingdrive.C.Alectureonclimatechange.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthemainproblemmentionedintheconversation?A.Waterpollutionintheriver.B.Noisepollutionfromfactories.C.Soilpollutionnearthevillage.9.Whodidthewomancomplainto?A.Thelocalgovernment.B.Thefactorymanager.C.Theenvironmentalorganization.10.Whatwillthemandotohelp?A.Writealettertothenewspaper.B.Collectevidenceofthepollution.C.Organizeaprotestagainstthefactory.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewoman'sjob?A.Ateacher.B.Anenvironmentalist.C.Ajournalist.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebiggestenvironmentalthreat?A.Deforestation.B.Globalwarming.C.Plasticpollution.13.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetostudents?A.Saveelectricityathome.B.Reducetheuseofdisposableproducts.C.Plantmoretreesinthecommunity.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashoppingmall.15.Whatdoesthemanrefusetodo?A.Buyorganicvegetables.B.Takeaplasticstraw.C.Useadisposablechopstick.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sbehavior?A.Strange.B.Praiseworthy.C.Unnecessary.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmuchplasticwastedopeopleproduceeveryyearworldwide?A.About300milliontons.B.About400milliontons.C.About500milliontons.18.Whatpercentageofplasticwasteisrecycled?A.Lessthan10%.B.About20%.C.Morethan30%.19.Whatisthemaincauseofplasticpollutionintheocean?A.Plasticbags.B.Fishingnets.C.Disposablebottles.20.Whatdoesthespeakercallonpeopletodo?A.Stopusingallplasticproducts.B.Takeactiontoreduceplasticuse.C.Donatemoneytoenvironmentalgroups.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheParisAgreement,signedin2015,isaninternationaltreatyaimedatlimitingglobalwarmingtowellbelow2°C,preferablyto1.5°C,comparedtopre-industriallevels.Itbringsallnationstogethertocombatclimatechangeandadapttoitseffects.Eachcountryhassetitsowntargets,knownasNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDCs),toreducegreenhousegasemissions.Sinceitsadoption,morethan190countrieshavejoinedtheagreement.Manycountrieshavemadesignificantprogressinincreasingtheuseofrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.Forexample,Denmarknowgeneratesmorethan50%ofitselectricityfromwindenergy,andCostaRicahasrunon100%renewableenergyforseveralmonthsatatime.However,therearestillchallenges.SomemajoreconomieshavenotupdatedtheirNDCstomeetthe1.5°Ctarget.Additionally,thefinancialsupportpromisedtodevelopingcountriestohelpthemaddressclimatechangehasnotbeenfullydelivered.Despitetheseissues,theParisAgreementremainsakeyframeworkforglobalcooperationonclimateaction.IndividualscanalsoplayaroleinsupportingtheParisAgreement.Simpleactionslikereducingenergyuse,usingpublictransportation,andrecyclingcanallcontributetoreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Byworkingtogether,governments,businesses,andindividualscanmakethegoalsoftheParisAgreementareality.21.WhatisthemaingoaloftheParisAgreement?A.Topromoteinternationaltrade.B.Tolimitglobalwarming.C.Toprotectendangeredspecies.D.Toincreaserenewableenergyuse.22.WhatareNDCsaccordingtothepassage?A.Financialsupportsfordevelopingcountries.B.Renewableenergysources.C.Countries'owntargetstoreduceemissions.D.Internationaltreatiesonclimatechange.23.Whichcountrygeneratesoverhalfofitselectricityfromwindenergy?A.CostaRica.B.Denmark.C.France.D.TheUnitedStates.24.WhatchallengedoestheParisAgreementface?A.Lackofinternationalcooperation.B.Insufficientfinancialsupportfordevelopingcountries.C.Noprogressinrenewableenergyuse.D.Fewcountriesjoiningtheagreement.BZero-wastelivingisalifestylethataimstoreducetheamountofwastesenttolandfills,incinerators,andoceans.Itencouragespeopletorethinktheirconsumptionhabitsandmakechoicesthatminimizewasteproduction.Theconceptisbasedonthe5Rs:Refuse,Reduce,Reuse,Recycle,andRot(compost).Refusingunnecessaryitemsisthefirststep.Thisincludessayingnotoplasticbags,disposablestraws,andfreepromotionalitemsthatareoftenunusedandquicklydiscarded.Reducinginvolvescuttingdownontheamountofstuffyoubuy,suchasplanningmealstoavoidfoodwasteandbuyinginbulktoreducepackaging.Reusingitemsinsteadofreplacingthemisanotherkeyprinciple.Forexample,usingareusablewaterbottleinsteadofbuyingplasticbottles,orrepairingclothesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.Recyclingisimportantformaterialsthatcannotberefused,reduced,orreused,butitshouldbethelastoptionratherthanthefirst.Compostingorganicwastelikefoodscrapsandyardtrimmingshelpsturnwasteintonutrient-richsoil.Manypeoplethinkzero-wastelivingisextreme,butitdoesn'thavetobe.Evensmallchangescanmakeadifference.Forinstance,bringingyourownshoppingbagstothegrocerystore,usingclothnapkinsinsteadofpaperones,andavoidingsingle-useplastics.Overtime,thesesmallhabitsaddupandcontributetoamoresustainablelifestyle.Zero-wastelivingnotonlybenefitstheenvironmentbutalsosavesmoney.Byreducingconsumptionandreusingitems,peoplespendlessonnewproducts.Italsopromotesahealthierlifestyle,asitofteninvolveseatingmorefresh,unpackagedfoodsandreducingexposuretoharmfulchemicalsinplasticpackaging.25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thebenefitsofrecycling.B.Howtocompostorganicwaste.C.Theconceptandprinciplesofzero-wasteliving.D.Waystosavemoneybyreducingconsumption.26.Whichofthefollowingisthefirststepinzero-wasteliving?A.Reusingitems.B.Refusingunnecessaryitems.C.Reducingconsumption.D.Recyclingmaterials.27.Whyisrecyclingconsideredthelastoptioninzero-wasteliving?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Itrequiresalotofenergy.C.Itisnoteffective.D.Itshouldfollowotherprinciplesfirst.28.Whatisoneadvantageofzero-wastelivingmentionedinthepassage?A.Ithelpspeopleliveahealthierlife.B.Itmakespeoplebuymorenewproducts.C.Itincreasestheamountofwaste.D.Itrequirespeopletochangetheirlifestylecompletely.CDeforestation,theclearingofforestsforagriculture,logging,andurbandevelopment,isoneofthemostpressingenvironmentalissues.Everyyear,anareaofforestroughlythesizeofPanamaislost.Thishasseriousconsequencesfortheplanetanditsinhabitants.Forestsplayacrucialroleinregulatingtheclimate.Theyabsorbcarbondioxide,amajorgreenhousegas,andreleaseoxygen.Whenforestsarecutdown,thecarbonstoredintreesisreleasedintotheatmosphere,contributingtoglobalwarming.Additionally,forestshelpmaintainrainfallpatternsandpreventsoilerosion.Deforestationalsothreatensbiodiversity.Forestsarehometomorethanhalfoftheworld'splantandanimalspecies.Whentheirhabitatsaredestroyed,manyspeciesbecomeendangeredorextinct.Forexample,theAmazonrainforest,oftencalledthe"lungsoftheEarth,"ishometothousandsofuniquespeciesthatareatriskduetoongoingdeforestation.Indigenouscommunitiesthatdependonforestsfortheirlivelihoodsarealsoaffected.Manyindigenouspeoplerelyonforestsforfood,medicine,andshelter.Deforestationdisruptstheirwayoflifeandoftenleadstoconflictsoverlandrights.Therearesolutionstodeforestation.Governmentscanimplementlawstoprotectforestsandenforcesustainableloggingpractices.Reforestationprojects,whichinvolveplantingnewtreestoreplacethosecutdown,arealsoeffective.Consumerscanhelpbychoosingproductsmadefromsustainablematerials,suchasFSC-certifiedwood,andreducingtheirconsumptionofproductsthatcontributetodeforestation,likepalmoil.Bytakingactiontostopdeforestation,wecanprotecttheclimate,preservebiodiversity,andsupportindigenouscommunities.29.Whatisthemaincauseofdeforestationmentionedinthepassage?A.Naturaldisasters.B.Agriculturalandurbandevelopment.C.Climatechange.D.Biodiversityloss.30.Howdoforestshelpregulatetheclimate?A.Byreleasingcarbondioxide.B.Byabsorbinggreenhousegases.C.Bycausingsoilerosion.D.Byreducingrainfall.31.WhyistheAmazonrainforestcalledthe"lungsoftheEarth"?A.Itproducesalargeamountofoxygen.B.Itishometomanyindigenouscommunities.C.Ithasalargeareaofforests.D.Itabsorbsalotofrainwater.32.Whatcanconsumersdotohelpstopdeforestation?A.Planttreesintheirgardens.B.Enforcesustainablelogginglaws.C.Chooseproductsmadefromsustainablematerials.D.Donatemoneytoindigenouscommunities.DPlasticpollutionhasbecomeaglobalcrisis,withplasticwastefoundineverycorneroftheplanet,fromthedeepestoceanstothehighestmountains.Plasticisdurableandtakeshundredsofyearstodecompose,makingitalong-lastingenvironmentalproblem.Oneofthemainsourcesofplasticpollutionissingle-useplastics,suchasplasticbags,bottles,andfoodpackaging.Theseitemsareusedforashorttimebutremainintheenvironmentforcenturies.Marinelifeisparticularlyaffectedbyplasticpollution.Seaturtlesoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish,theirmainfoodsource,andseabirdsfeedplasticfragmentstotheirchicks,leadingtoinjuryordeath.Microplastics,tinypiecesofplasticlessthan5millimetersinsize,areanothergrowingconcern.Theycomefromthebreakdownoflargerplasticitemsandtheuseofmicrobeadsinpersonalcareproducts.Microplasticshavebeenfoundindrinkingwater,seafood,andeventheairwebreathe,raisingconcernsabouttheirimpactonhumanhealth.Toaddressplasticpollution,manycountrieshaveimplementedbansonsingle-useplastics.Forexample,Kenyahasoneofthestrictestplasticbagbansintheworld,withheavyfinesforanyonefoundusingorsellingthem.Othercountrieshaveintroducedtaxesonplasticproductstoencourageconsumerstousealternatives.Innovativesolutionsarealsobeingdeveloped.Scientistsareworkingonbiodegradableplasticsthatcanbreakdownmorequicklyintheenvironment.Companiesarealsodesigningproductswithlesspackagingorusingrecycledmaterials.Individualscancontributebyreducingtheiruseofsingle-useplastics,usingreusablealternatives,andproperlyrecyclingplasticwaste.Plasticpollutionisacomplexproblem,butwithglobalcooperationandindividualaction,wecanreduceitsimpactontheplanetandfuturegenerations.33.Whyisplasticalong-lastingenvironmentalproblem?A.Itiswidelyused.B.Itisdurableandslowtodecompose.C.Itisexpensivetorecycle.D.Itisharmfultohumanhealth.34.Whatisamainsourceofplasticpollution?A.Biodegradableplastics.B.Microplasticsfromtheair.C.Single-useplastics.D.Recycledplasticproducts.35.Howdoesplasticpollutionaffectmarinelife?A.Marineanimalsmistakeplasticforfood.B.Plasticprovidesfoodformarineanimals.C.Marineanimalsuseplastictobuildtheirhabitats.D.Plasticincreasestheoxygenlevelintheocean.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoProtecttheEnvironmentinDailyLifeProtectingtheenvironmentdoesn'thavetobeabig,complicatedtask.Therearemanysimplethingsyoucandoinyourdailylifetomakeapositiveimpactontheplanet.Herearesomeeasywaystogetstarted:36.___________.Turningofflights,TVs,andotherelectronicdeviceswhenyou'renotusingthemcansavealotofelectricity.Youcanalsoreplacetraditionallightbulbswithenergy-efficientLEDbulbs,whichuselesselectricityandlastlonger.Additionally,unpluggingchargerswhenthey'renotinusecanprevent"phantomenergy"waste.37.___________.Reducingyourwaterusageisanotherimportantwaytoprotecttheenvironment.Youcantakeshortershowers,fixleakyfaucets,anduseabucketinsteadofahosetowashyourcar.Collectingrainwatertowaterplantsisalsoagreatwaytoconservewater.38.___________.Single-useplasticsareamajorsourceofpollution.Youcanreduceyourplasticusebybringingyourownreusablebagstothegrocerystore,usingareusablewaterbottleandcoffeecup,andavoidingplasticstrawsandutensils.Choosingproductswithminimalpackagingorpackagingmadefromrecycledmaterialsisalsohelpful.39.___________.Recyclinghelpsreducetheamountofwastesenttolandfillsandconservesnaturalresources.Makesureyouknowwhatmaterialscanberecycledinyourareaandseparateyourwasteaccordingly.Youcanalsoreuseitemslikeglassjars,plasticcontainers,andoldclothesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.40.___________.Eatinglocallygrownandseasonalfoodsreducesthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtransportingfoodlongdistances.Youcanalsoreducefoodwastebyplanningmeals,storingfoodproperly,andcompostingfruitandvegetablescraps.Plantingasmallgarden,evenifit'sjustafewherbsonawindowsill,isanotherwaytoconnectwithnatureandreduceyourenvironmentalimpact.Byincorporatingthesesimplehabitsintoyourdailylife,youcanhelpprotecttheenvironmentandcreateamoresustainablefuture.A.ConservewaterB.SaveenergyC.EatgreenandreducefoodwasteD.ReduceplasticuseE.RecycleandreuseF.PlantmoretreesG.Usepublictransportation第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IstillrememberthedayIjoinedtheschoolenvironmentalclub.Itwasarainyafternoon,andourteacher,Ms.Green,wastalkingaboutthe41ofprotectingtheenvironment.Sheshowedusavideoofaseaturtlethathadbeeninjuredbyaplasticstraw.Theimagedeeply42me,andIdecidedrightthenthatIwantedtomakeadifference.Thefirstactivityourcluborganizedwasatree-plantingeventintheschoolyard.We43earlyonaSaturdaymorning,armedwithshovelsandwateringcans.Atfirst,Ifounddiggingholestobehardwork,butwhenIsawthesmallsaplingsstandinguprightinthesoil,Ifeltasenseof44.Wealsomadesignstoremindstudentsnottoclimbthetreesorpicktheleaves.Anotherimportantprojectweworkedonwasarecyclingdrive.Manystudentsdidn'tknowhowtoproperly45theirwaste,sowesetuprecyclingbinsaroundtheschoolandgavepresentationstoexplainwhatcouldberecycled.Wealsocollectedoldpaper,plasticbottles,andmetalcans,andsoldthemtoarecyclingcenter.Themoneywe46wasusedtobuymoresaplingsfortheschoolyard.Oneofthemostchallengingbutrewardingexperienceswasorganizinga"NoPlasticDay"atschool.Weencouragedstudentsandteachersto47single-useplasticsfortheday.Somestudentsbroughttheirownreusablewaterbottles,whileothersusedclothnapkinsinsteadofpaperones.Atlunchtime,thecafeteriaservedfoodonpaperplatesinsteadofplasticones.Althoughthereweresome48atfirst,mostpeoplesupportedtheidea,andwereceivedpositivefeedbackfromtheschoolcommunity.Throughmyexperiencesintheenvironmentalclub,Ihavelearnedthatevensmallactionscan49abigdifference.Protectingtheenvironmentisnotjusttheresponsibilityofgovernmentsorlargeorganizations;it'ssomethingthateveryonecancontributeto.Ihavealsomademanynewfriendswhosharethesame50fortheplanet.Together,weareworkingtocreateagreenerandmoresustainablefuture.41.A.importanceB.difficultyC.possibilityD.popularity42.A.amusedB.shockedC.confusedD.annoyed43.A.wokeupB.showedupC.cheeredupD.gaveup44.A.lossB.humorC.achievementD.pressure45.A.sortB.produceC.hideD.find46.A.borrowedB.raisedC.spentD.wasted47.A.avoidB.useC.buyD.sell48.A.successesB.surprisesC.challengesD.benefits49.A.tellB.makeC.seeD.take50.A.respectB.fearC.angerD.love第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Climatechangeisoneofthemostseriousissues51(face)ourplanettoday.Itiscausedbytheincreaseofgreenhousegases,suchascarbondioxide,intheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,52(lead)toariseinglobaltemperatures.Theeffectsofclimatechangearebecomingmoreandmoreobvious.Glaciersaremelting,sealevelsarerising,andextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanesanddroughts,arehappeningmorefrequently.Thesechangesnotonlyaffecttheenvironmentbutalsohaveagreatimpact53humanlife.Forexample,risingsealevelsthreatencoastalcities,anddroughtscanleadtofoodshortages.Fortunately,therearemanywaystoreducetheimpactofclimatechange.Oneofthemosteffectivewaysistoswitchtorenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower.Theseenergysourcesdonotproducegreenhousegasesandare54(sustain)inthelongrun.Governmentscanalsoplayaroleby55(pass)lawstolimitgreenhousegasemissionsandinvestingingreentechnology.Individualscanalsocontributetofightingclimatechange.Wecanreduceourenergyusebyturningofflightsandotherelectronicdeviceswhentheyarenot56(need).Usingpublictransportation,biking,orwalkinginsteadofdrivingcanalsoreducecarbonemissions.Additionally,eatingaplant-baseddietorreducingmeatconsumptioncanhelp,asthemeatindustryisamajorsourceofgreenhousegasemissions.Itisimportantforallofustotakeactionnowtoaddressclimatechange.Ifweworktogether,wecan57(successful)reduceitsimpactandprotectourplanetforfuturegenerations.Remember,everysmallaction58(count),andweallhavearole59(play)increatingagreenerworld.Let'sstarttodayandmakea60(different)!第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Lastmonth,ourschoolheldaenvironmentalprotectionactivity.Allthestudentsandteacherstookpartinthem.Theactivityincludedalectureonenvironmentalprotectionandacleanupinthecommunity.Inthemorning,welistenedtoalecturegivenbyafamousenvironmentalist.Hetoldusthatmanyspeciesofanimalsareindangerbecausethedestructionoftheirhabitats.Healsoexplainedhowimportantitistoprotecttheenvironmentandwhatwecandoitinourdailylife.Hiswordsmadeusrealizethatwemusttakeactionimmediate.Intheafternoon,wewenttothecommunitynearbytodosomecleanup.Wedividedintoseveralgroups.Somepickeduptherubbishonthestreet,whileotherscleanedthewallsbyremovingunwantedposters.Manyresidentspraisedusforourhardworkandsaidthattheywilljoinusinprotectingtheenvironment.Throughthisactivity,Ihavelearnedthatprotectingtheenvironmentiseveryone'sduty.Ibelievethatifweallworkhardly,ourplanetwillbecomemorebeautiful.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）假定你是李華，你所在的學校將舉辦一場以“GreenCampus,GreenLife”為主題的環(huán)保活動。請你根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一封倡議書，呼吁同學們積極參與。提示：1.活動目的：提高環(huán)保意識，共建綠色校園；2.活動內(nèi)容：垃圾分類、植樹種草、節(jié)約水電、拒絕一次性用品等；3.發(fā)出呼吁：從自身做起，從小事做起。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dearfellowstudents,Ourschoolwillholdanenvironmentalprotectionactivitythemed"GreenCampus,GreenLife"inthecomingweek.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Let'stakeactionnowandmakeourcampusagreenerandmorebeautifulplace!Yourssincerely,LiHua參考答案及解析第一部分聽力1.A2.B3.B4.C5.B6.B7.A8.A9.A10.B11.B12.C13.B14.B15.B16.B17.B18.A19.C20.B（聽力材料及詳細解析略，實際考試中可配套提供聽力錄音及原文）第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)21.B解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句“TheParisAgreement...aimedatlimitingglobalwarmingtowellbelow2°C”可知，《巴黎協(xié)定》的主要目標是限制全球變暖，故選B。22.C解析：根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Eachcountryhassetitsowntargets,knownasNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDCs),toreducegreenhousegasemissions.”可知，NDCs是各國減少排放的自主目標，故選C。23.B解析：根據(jù)第二段“Denmarknowgeneratesmorethan50%ofitselectricityfromwindenergy”可知，丹麥超過一半的電力來自風能，故選B。24.B解析：根據(jù)第三段“thefinancialsupportpromisedtodevelopingcountries...hasnotbeenfullydelivered”可知，對發(fā)展中國家的資金支持不足是《巴黎協(xié)定》面臨的挑戰(zhàn)之一，故選B。25.C解析：文章圍繞“零浪費生活”展開，介紹了其概念和“5R”原則，以及實施的意義，故選C。26.B解析：根據(jù)第二段第一句“Refusingunnecessaryitemsisthefirststep.”可知，零浪費生活的第一步是拒絕不必要的物品，故選B。27.D解析：根據(jù)第二段“recyclingisimportant...butitshouldbethelastoptionratherthanthefirst”可知，回收是在拒絕、減少、重復(fù)使用之后的最后選擇，故選D。28.A解析：根據(jù)最后一段“Italsopromotesahealthierlifestyle”可知，零浪費生活有助于健康生活，故選A。29.B解析：根據(jù)第一段“Deforestation,theclearingofforestsforagriculture,logging,andurbandevelopment”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)和城市發(fā)展是森林砍伐的主要原因，故選B。30.B解析：根據(jù)第二段“Forests...absorbcarbondioxide,amajorgreenhousegas”可知，森林通過吸收溫室氣體調(diào)節(jié)氣候，故選B。31.A解析：亞馬遜雨林被稱為“地球之肺”是因為它能產(chǎn)生大量氧氣，這是常識性內(nèi)容，且文章提到森林吸收二氧化碳釋放氧氣，故選A。32.C解析：根據(jù)最后一段“Consumerscanhelpbychoosingproductsmadefromsustainablematerials”可知，消費者可選擇可持續(xù)材料制成的產(chǎn)品，故選C。33.B解析：根據(jù)第一段“Plasticisdurableandtakeshundredsofyearstodecompose”可知，塑料耐用且分解慢，因此成為長期環(huán)境問題，故選B。34.C解析：根據(jù)第二段“Oneofthemainsourcesofplasticpollutionissingle-useplastics”可知，一次性塑料是塑料污染的主要來源，故選C。35.A解析：根據(jù)第二段“Seaturtlesoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish...seabirdsfeedplasticfragmentstotheirchicks”可知，海洋生物會將塑料誤認為食物，故選A。第二節(jié)36.B解析：該段圍繞節(jié)約用電展開，包括關(guān)燈、使用節(jié)能燈泡等，故選B（節(jié)約能源）。37.A解析：該段主要講減少用水，如縮短淋浴時間、修理漏水水龍頭等，故選A（節(jié)約用水）。38.D解析：該段聚焦減少一次性塑料使用，如自帶購物袋、水杯等，故選D（減少塑料使用）。39.E解析：該段介紹回收和重復(fù)使用的重要性，故選E（回收與重復(fù)使用）。40.C解析：該段涉及食用本地食