上海市嘉定區(qū)2025-2026學年第一學期高三第一次質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語試卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DoWeReallyNeed8HoursofSleep?CultureMattersPeopleindifferentcountriessleepvaryingamounts,andculturalbeliefsaboutsleepplayasignificantroleinitsrelationshiptohealth.StudieshaveshownthatJapanesepeoplesleepsignificantlylessthan(1)intheUnitedStates,Canada,andEurope.ResearchhasshownthatJapanesepeoplesleep25minuteslessonaveragethanAmericansand40minuteslessthanDutchpeople.Despitesleepinglessthanthe(2)(recommend)eighthours,Japaneseindividualsgenerallyhavebetterhealthoutcomes,livinglongerwithlowerratesofcancerandheartdiseasecomparedtoNorthAmericans.Thiscreatesapuzzle.Onereasonforthis(3)beculturaldietaryhabits.Americanstendtoconsumemoreredmeatanddairy,whiletheJapaneseeatmorefish,fruits,andvegetables.However,thisalonedoesn'tfullyexplainthehealthdifferences.WhydoJapaneseindividualsseemhealthier(4)theysleepless?InJapan,peopletendtobelievethatsleepisaluxury,notanecessity,and(5)sacrificingsleepisvitalforsuccess.InNorthAmericanculture,thereisastrong,widespreadbeliefthatgetting8hoursofsleepisessentialfor(6)(maintain)goodhealth.AspecificstudyledbyBenjaminCheunginvestigatedtheseculturaldifferences,(7)researcherscompared295universitystudentsfromCanadaandJapan.Participantsworewatches(8)(track)theiractualsleepandansweredquestionsaboutsleepbeliefsandhealth.Theresultswereclear.Japanesestudentsaveragedabout6hoursofsleeppernight,significantlylessthan7hoursamongCanadianstudents.Interestingly,fewerphysicalhealthsymptoms(9)(report)amongtheJapanesestudents.Therefore,therelationship(10)howlongyousleepandyourhealthisnotabsolute.Itseemstobesignificantlyinfluencedbyyourculturalbackgroundandpersonalbeliefsaboutsleep.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A. analysing B.broader C. consistently D.extendsE. launch F.mature G.narrowing H.powered1. shifts J.simply K.warnedTalkingLikeaMachine?Sinceitslate2022launch,ChatGPTrapidlygained100millionusers,significantlyimpactinglearning,writing,andwork.Researchersnowfinditsinfluence11tounconsciousspeechpatterns,secretlyalteringspokenlanguage,withwordsfrequentlyusedbytheAIbecomingmorecommonineverydayconversation.HiromuYakura,professorattheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanDevelopmentinBerlin,firstnoticedpersonalvocabulary12,likeincreaseduseof"delve"insteadof"lookfor"and"meticulous"ratherthan"careful".Inhisrecentstudy,hepushedinvestigationinto13spokencommunication.Researchershadpreviouslyfoundthattheuseoflargelanguagemodels(LLMs),suchasthosethathave14ChatGPT,waschangingvocabularychoicesinwrittencommunication,andYakuraandhiscolleagueswantedtoknowwhetherspokencommunicationwasbeingaffected,too.TheresearchersfirstusedChatGPTtoeditmassivenumbersofemails,essays,andarticlesusingprompts(指令語)like“polish”or“improveclarity”.TheyidentifiedwordstheAI15addedandlabelledthem“GPTwords”.TheteamthentrackedGPTwordfrequencyby16over360,000YouTubevideosand771,000podcastprogramsfrombeforeandafterChatGPT'srelease.ResultsshowedasignificantincreaseinGPTwordswithin18monthsafterthe17ofChatGPT.Thesewordsaffectnotjustwrittencontentbutalsoreal-timeconversation.“ThepatternsthatarestoredinAItechnologyseemtobeconveyedbacktothehumanmind,”saidstudyco-authorLevinBrinkmann,alsoattheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanDevelopment.WhileadoptingAIspeechpatternsmightseemharmless,Brinkmann18ofdeeperrisks.Humansnaturallyimitatelanguagesthatsoundknowledgeable.AsmorepeopleviewAIasaculturalauthority,theymayrelyonandimitateit,19diversityinlanguage.“InthiscriticalmomentintheevolutionofLLMs,lookingatworddistributionistherightmethodtounderstandhowthetechnologyisaffectingthewaywecommunicate,”Brinkmannsays.“Asthemodels20,thesedistributionsaregoingtobehardertodistinguish.”III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Lastmonth,Iopenedmybankingapp,Ireadthroughthestatement,andIstoppedcold:$9.99forAppleTV+,$12.99forafitnessappIquitusingmonthsago,$14.99forextracloudstorage…Isuddenlyrealizehowmodernconsumerlifeisincreasinglydominatedby“backgroundspending”:automaticmonthly21fornumeroussubscriptionsofserviceswhichshouldhavereducedlife'sinconvenience.Thisspendingmodelturnsusinto22consumers,damagingourfinancialcontrol.Weeasilyforgetsubscriptionswe23use,likepayingforTVappslongafterwatchingjustoneshow.Companies24thisconsumerinattention.It'sestimatedthatourforgottencancellationscanboostabusiness'profitbyupto200%.Suchenvironmentencouragespricerise,asserviceprovidersknowcustomersareoftentoobusyorlazytocancelunusedservices.Thisproblemiswidespread.A2021surveyof2,500consumersfoundtheaveragepersonspends$273monthlyonsubscriptions,a15%25from2018.Yetnotasinglerespondentknewtheirexactspending.Businessesfindsubscriptionshighly26,andofferthepromiseof“sellonce,earnforever”toencourageslong-termcustomerloyalty.Whiletheseserviceshavebeenaroundfordecades,their27toconsumershasgrownsignificantlyinrecentyears,fueledbythepopularityofsmartphonesandtheincreasinghomedelivery.Despitethepromised28ofthesesubscriptions,dissatisfactionisgrowing.Arecentstudyfound40%ofconsumersbelievetheyhavetoomanysubscriptions,andnearlyhalffeelthey29forstreamingvideo,withathirdactivelyplanningtocuttheexpense.30,peoplestillvastlyunderestimatetheirspending.Lastyear,C+RResearchfoundtheactualaveragemonthlyspendwas$219,whichwasover2.5timeshigherthan$86thatpeopleguessed.Tohelpconsumersregain31,theUSFederalTradeCommission's(FTC)hasproposeda“clicktocancel”policy.Thiswouldlegallyrequirecompaniestomake32asubscriptionaseasyasstartingoneonthesmartphone——nomoreforcinggymmemberstocancelinperson.Additionally,underthisextraconsumerprotection,businesseswouldneedtoremindsubscribersannuallyabouttheirmembershipbeforetheseare33renewed.Thisrulewouldmeananybackgroundspendingwouldbepresentinyourmindatleastforonemomentayear.Ifallthatdoesn'twork,thereisanotheridea:chooseanappto34yourvarioussubscriptionsandbackgroundspendingsoyoucanbettercontrolyourfinances.Oh,waitaminute!Ihavetoremindyouthattheyare35services,ofcourse.21. A. report B.project C. payment D.review22. A. passive B.subjective C. optimistic D.loyal23. A. properly B.rarely C. favourably D.individually24. A. areconcernedabout C. arecuriousaboutC. areopento D. areobjectiveto25. A. increase B.decrease C. difference D.share26. A. concerning B.valuable C. attractive D.competitive27. A. response B.opportunity C. harm D.access28. A. aspect B.curiosity C. ease D.prejudice29. A. overpay B.renew C. upgrade D.subscribe30. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Contrarily D.However31.A. confidence B.control C. freedom D.strength32. A. buying B.ending C. offering D.sharing33.A. automatically B. formally C. constantly D.completely34. A. cancel B.monitor D. continue D.share35.A. excellent B. free C. essential D.chargeableSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Atfirst,MikeWhitewasnotworriedwhenhisfive-year-olddog,BuzzMan,failedtoreturnafteradeerhunt.However,afterseveralhours,heusedtheGPSonthedog'sneckandlocatedanarrowcaveentrance,andBuzzMan'sfreshpaw(爪子)prints.Now,Whitegrewconcerned.HuntorganizerLongRaycontactedtwoexperiencedcavers——NathanBillandAndyMiles.Theyarrivedhourslaterandwidenedtheentrance.By1:30a.m.,Sunday,tenhoursafterBuzzMandisappeared,theyenteredthecave.Thepassagewassonarrowthattheywereforcedtocrawlwithonlyheadlampforlight.After30meters,theyeventuallyreachedatightcrawlspace.Miles,at1.7metersand104kilograms,isastrongman.Nowaycouldhefitthroughthathole.By3:30a.m.,theyreturned.OnSundayafternoon,smallervolunteerswerecalledin.At5:00p.m.,fournewcavers—twomenandtwowomen——enteredthecave.Theywereexperiencedandlovedeverythingaboutcaveadventureexceptforonething——caveflood.“Ifitrains,”Milessays,“Thecavewillkillpeople.”Thatnight'sforecast:rain.Theteammadetheirwaythroughthenarrowspace.Ontheothersideofitwasastream.Theyhadtocrawlandswimthroughcoldwater,facingthethreatoflowbodytemperature.Anhourlater,oneofthemen,KevinRobin,foundalargeroom.Hescannedthefloorwithhisheadlampandthenupthe4-meter-highwalls.AndtherewasBuzzMan,standingonanarrowedgeandnervouslystaringatthestranger.Robingentlyattachedabelt,helpedthedogdown,andcastalightonhim.BuzzManimmediatelyheadedtowardtheentrance.At9:30p.m.,30hoursafterdisappearing,BuzzManranoutofthecaveandreunitedwithMikeWhite.Thedogwascoldandhungrybutunharmed.Allrescuersreturnedsafely.Intotal,eightcaversansweredthecallandvolunteeredforthesearch.Mileslaughsoffallthepraise.Afterall,goingintodark,wetandtightspacesistheirhobby.“Whatweconsiderfun,”hesays,“oftengivesmostpeoplenightmares.”36.MikeWhitebegantofeelworriedwhen.A.findingBuzzMandidnotreturnafterthehuntB.seeingBuzzMan'spawprintsaroundthehouseC.realizingBuzzManwastrappedinthecaveD.learningthecavewastoonarrowtoenter37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderoftherescue?①Mileswasstoppedduetoanarrowhole.②Therescuersadvancedinthecoldstream.③KevinRobindiscoveredBuzzMan.④NathanBillandAndyMilesenteredthecave.⑤Ateamoffourcaverswasgathered.A.④⑤②①③ B.⑤②①④③C.②④①②③ D.④①⑤②③38.Thechallengesthattherescuershadtosufferinclude.A.heatedanddriedenvironmentB.narrowspaceandlowtemperatureC.darkenvironmentandlightingfailureD.lackofmanpowerandlossofdirection39.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.CavementotheRescue B.ADog'sThrillingAdventureC.AHero'sBraveJourney D.HiddenDangersintheCave(B)IhavewaymorementalandphysicalenergytopursuemydreamswhenI'mcalmandwellrested.WhenI'mexhaustedandtiredout,Istrugglethroughmyday,attendingtoonlytheessentials.“Takingcareofyourbodyandmind——bygettingenoughsleep,wholefoodsandmovement——setsafoundationinplace,”saysDrSwart,“fromwhichyouhavefargreaterabilityandenergytobuildyourbiggerdreamsandprojects.”Tip141:TryYogaNidra,aguidedlying-downmeditation(冥想),alsoknownas‘yogicdeepsleep',whicheasesyouintocompletementalandphysicalrelaxation.Forme,just20minutesinthemiddleofmydayisagamechanger,especiallyifIhaven'thadenoughsleep.Therearelotsoffreepracticesonline.MyfavouriteisRichardMiller'siRest,availableonYouTube.CAUTION:WhileYogaNidracanbeagreatwaytorelax,thinktwiceifyou'refeelingphysicallyuncomfortable,asthepositionmayworsenyourdiscomfort.Tip2WALK:Takea35-minutewalk,ideallybefore8am.Exposuretobrightlightfirstthingimprovesourmoodandincreasesourenergy,asdoesmovement.Thisisespeciallyimportantinwinter,whenlowerlightlevelsmeanourbodiesproducemoremelatonin(whichmakesusfeelsleepier),aswellaslessserotonin,amood-boostingchemical.CAUTION:Walkingisnotrecommendedifyou'redealingwithaninjuryorarefeelingextremelyexhausted,asitmightputadditionalstressonyourbody.Tip3COOK:Visitafarmers'marketandseewhatyou'redrawnto——perhapstheorangeroundsoftomatoes,orthedeepgreenleavesofkale(羽衣甘藍).Ifyou'renotsurewhattocookwithyourpurchases,followyourheart,orsearchonline(ortherecipesinyourcookbooks)forideas.Asyoucook,feeltheprocess:itcouldbethefeelofyourknifecuttingthroughpotatoes,thesmellofsausage,orthesightofdark-purplevegetablestransformedintoaredsoup.CAUTION:Cookingisnotthebestoptionifyou'refeelingrushedordistracted,asitmightcausefrustrationinsteadofrelaxation.Tip4CONNECT:Friendshipisfundamentaltoourphysicalandmentalwellbeing.Connect,viaphoneorinperson,withthosefriendswhoareyoursupporters;theoneswhobelieveinyouandarecheeringforyoutorealiseyourdreams.Anddaretosharethesewiththem.CAUTION:Ifyou'reemotionallydrainedorneedingtimetorecharge,itmightnotbethebestmomenttohavedeepordemandingconversations.40.Whatisthepassagemainlyintendedtodo?A.Tointroducesomeusefulhealthproducts.B.Topresentfourstagesofachievingdreams.C.Toprovideguidanceonhowtocareforourselves.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofahealthylifestyle.41.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestfillsintheblankofthepassage?A.PRACTICE B.REST C.TRAVEL D.NURSE42.Johnisacustomerservicemanagerofashoppingmall.Forawholeday,heanswerednumerousphonecallsandrushedtodifferentspotsinthemalltohandlevariousemergenciesandcustomercomplaints.Afteradayofwork,hefelttiredout,hopingtoenjoyhisownpersonallife.WhichtwotipsmayworkforJohnbest?A.Tip1andTip3B.Tip1andTip2C.Tip3andTip4D.Tip2andTip4(C)Whatmakesagenius?Wemightsayit'sacombinationofextraordinarytalentanddrive,oftenaccompaniedbymadness.ThomasEdison,AlbertEinsteinandPabloPicassoallmadepioneeringbreakthroughsintheirrespectivefieldswhilelivinglegendarylives.HelenLewis'sTheGeniusMyth,however,arguesthatsocietywronglyadmiresfigureslikethem.Sheclaimsthe"genius"labelexcusesimmoralbehaviours——alcoholism,abandonment,drugabuse.Butdoeshercriticismreallymakesense?Inherbook,Lewislinkstheideaofinnate(天生的)geniustotheharmfulhistoryofintelligencetesting.Thisfield,startedbyfigureslikeFrancisGalton,isconnectedtoracism.Shecriticiseshislaterfollowingthinkers,likeHansEysenckandWilliamShockley,fortheirignoringsocialfactorsaffectingsuccessforsupportingracialrankings.Forthem,shesuggests,“genius”becomesacoveronextremeorevenevilthinking,acharacteristicincreasinglyseeninsomeonlinefans.Hersolution?Stopadmiringindividuals.Callspecificworksgenius,notpeople.ButIquestionwhetherthepublicreallybelievesthis“geniusmyth”asdesperatelyasLewisinsists.Hersweepingstatementsabout"our"blindlovefor"troublesomeindividuals"feelforced——likeshe'sprojectingherownviewsontoeveryoneelse.Thebookhassignificantdrawbacks.Lewisessentiallyinventsaterm"weakmodelofgenius"todressupalong-knownobviouspoint——imperfectpeoplecanbetalented——asnewinsight.Itfeelslikeshe'ssellingacureforadiseasesheinvented.Besides,herattemptsatafriendly,TED-Talk-inspiredstylefeelawkwardratherthangenuine.Theheavyuseofitalics(斜體字)makesthewritingfeelstruggled,asifsheistryingtoohardtoconvincebothreadersandherself.MoretroublingisthedisrespectfulattitudetowardscomplexartthatsurfacesinLewis'swriting.HerrudeviewonJoyce'sliterature("what-ifnovels,buthardertoread"),herdislikeforpioneeringfilms,andherconfessionoffindingtheBeatlesmusic"boring"implythatherproblemwith"genius"mightpartlybeapersonalhatefordifficultartanditscreators.Worsestill,thesedislikesgowithoutstrongproof.HerunjustclaimthatPicassoisadmiredbecauseofhisimperfection,notdespitethem,readsmorelikeanangryopinionthanreasonedargument.Whilesomeonlinefansmightadmiresomesuperstarsuncritically,truefaithininnategeniushasbeenweakersincethe1960s.Lewisjumpsonatrainthatisalreadyslowing.43.AccordingtoTheGeniusMyth,HelenLewiswouldmostlikelyagreethat.A.peoplelikePicassohavenevermadeanyrealachievementsB.somefigures'evilbehaviorsareexcusedbytheword"genius"C.manyso-calledgeniusescannotpassintelligencetestingD.nothinginthisworldisworththegeniuslabel44.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheGeniusMyth?A.Itswritingstyleisengaging,sincereandhumble.B."Theweakmodelofgenius"isaninnovativeterm.C.Itscriticismofthe"geniusmyth"lacksevidence.D.Itfailstoexplaintherootcauseofpeople'spassionforgenius.45.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphimply?A.Lewisiscriticizinganideathatisnolongerinfluential.B.Lewis'sbookisthoughtfuldespitesomedrawbacks.C.Lewis'scriticismisfreshbutfacesthepublic'sresistance.D.Lewisisawarethatthepublic'sfaithingeniusisdeclining.46.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Society'sadmirationforgeniusesisdangerous.B.Lewiscriticismof"thegeniusmyth"isunconvincing.C.Thepublicshouldholdacriticalviewongeniuses.D.Specificworksinsteadofpeoplesbouldbeadmired.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Thistrapsmoreheatandmakesthehighpressurestronger.B.Theresult:heatdomescan'tbedrivenawayandthusstaylongerovercertainareas.C.However,predictingheatdomesremainsasignificantchallenge.D.Now,scientistsareopeningtheirtoolboxestotryandfigureoutwhereandwhenheatdomeswillstrike.E.Tomakethingsworse,forecastingheatdomesishard——abigworryastheworldgetswarmer.F.Thatinfluencesheatdomesintwoways.DeadlyHeatDomesStillConfuseForecastersLastmonth,record-hightemperaturessweptacrosstheeasternUS,leadingtopoweremergencies.Thecausewasahugehigh-pressurezoneknownasaheatdome.Thissummer,italsohitEuropeandChina,leadingtothetemporaryclosureoftheEiffelTowerandworriesaboutdyingricecrops.47.“Unlikelarger-scalepatternssuchasElNi?o,whichcanbeforecastmonthsinadvance,”saidScottHandel,leadforecasterattheUSClimatePredictionCenter.“Heatdomeshaveamuchshorterleadtimeandaremorecomplex.”ZachZobel,ascientistattheWoodwellClimateResearchCenter,said“heatdome”isatermtodescribedangerousheatwavesforthepublic.Ithappenswhenalargehigh-pressuresystemsitsoveranarea,heatingitwithstillairandunstoppingsunlight.48.Heatdomescausehugeharmincludingwildfires,droughts,stressedcrops,higherelectricitydemandandprices.Theyevencutairliners'transportcapacityanddamagerailroadtracks.TheUSEPAsaidover14,000Americansdieddirectlyfromheat-relatedcausesbetween1979and2022.Climatechangeismakingheatdomesmorecommonandstronger.TheArcticiswarmingfasterthanotherpartsoftheworld,whichweakensthejetstream——astrongwindthatkeepsweathermoving.49.Althoughscientistsarestillstudyinghowthisworks,itisclearthatbetterforecastsandearlierwarningsareneededtoprotectpeopleandreducedamage.50.Measuringhowfastthejetstreammovescanbeapredictor.Whenthespeedislow,itcanbeanindicatorofwidespreadheatdomes.Weatherforecastersalsorelyonmeasureslikesoilmoisture(濕度)sincedrierlandmeanshighertemperatures,whichisdirectevidenceforheatdomes.“Theweathereventthatkillsmorethananybodyelseontheplanetisheat,”Zobelsaid,“Itissilentlyabighumanimpact,makingtheneedformoreaccurateforecastswithlongerleadtimesallthemoreimportant.”IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassage.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.TheDrawbacks———andBenefits——ofIsolationLonelinessisincreasinglyseenasaseriousprobleminmodernsociety,affectingboththeelderlyandmanyyoungpeople.Smartphones,socialmedia,andremoteworkareoftenblamedformakingindividualsfeelisolated.Threerecentbooksexplorethecomplexnatureofbeingalone."AlltheLonelyPeople"sharespersonalstoriesfromindividualsexperiencingdeepisolation.Theauthor,SamCarr,apsychologist,sensitivelyshowstheemotionalpaincausedbylossoffamilymembers,disease,ordifficultchildhoodexperiences.Afterreadingthisbook,onemaywonderwhetherlonelinessisjustanunavoidablehumanexperience.Actually,Carrsuggestslonelinessisn'tonesimplefeeling,butamixofdifferentunhappyemotionsandunsatisfiedneeds.Anotherbook,"Solitude",writtenbytwopsychologists,showsacompletelydifferentstory,exploringtherewardsoftimespentalone.Itiscommontotreatlonelinessandbeingaloneassimilarconcepts,buttheyarenot.Basedonlaboratorywork,interviewsandsurveys,theauthorsarguethatisolationoffersvaluablebenefits,whichallowspeoplespacetorest,think,andescapeconstantnoiseanddistractions.However,theexperiencedependsentirelyonwhetherbeingaloneisvoluntary.Beingforcedtostayisolated,likeprisoners,isusuallymiserable."TheSuccessoftheSlippers"presentsamorecriticalviewofmodernisolation.MrBruckner,aphilosopher,callsthepresentperiod"aGreatWithdrawal."Thebookdescribesasocietywheremosttaskscanbecompletedwithoutleavinghouse.Theauthor'scomment?"Whileit'snicetobecomfortable,youcan'tbuildacivilizationonsoftness."MrBruckner'smainthemeistheneedforpeopletorelearntheartofaffection.Theauthorbelieves"interactiveisolation"enabledbytechnologycannotreplace"thegreattheatreoftheworld."MrBrucknersuppliesachecklistforgettingridofenduring,painfulfeelingsoflonelin