專題03并列句高考英語閱讀理解

長難句突破CONTENTS

并列句01并列句分類02并列句分級03長難句之并列句法04并列句①1.兩個或兩個以上的簡單句用并列連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子，叫做并列句。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：“簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句”。3.并列連詞and:“和”，表示兩個成分的并列或?qū)ΨQ關(guān)系;but:“但是”，表示兩個成分之間的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系;or:“或者”、“否則”、“要不然”，表兩個成分并列或選擇;so:

“因此，所以”，表示兩個成分之間的因果關(guān)系。根據(jù)并列分句之間的不同關(guān)系，并列句可以分為四種。并列句分類②1.聯(lián)合并列句并列連詞：and,both…and…,notonly...butalso,neither…nor…,

ontheonehand...ontheotherhand等。例如：Helikessportsandheoftenplaysbasketball.NeitherJacknor

hiswifecanplaythepiano.Notonlycanyougetalongwellwithothers,butalsotheyhaveagoodimpressiononyou.BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblem.并列句分類②1.聯(lián)合并列句and:“和”注：Ilikedogsandcats.否定:Idon’tlikedogsorcats.注：※祈使句+and+陳述句

表示“如果…就…”Studyhardandyou'llpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,you'llpasstheexam.Hestudiedhardandhisparentswereveryproud.并列句分類②1.聯(lián)合并列句neithernor

“既不……也不”Shewasneitherhappynorsad.注：就近原則

Neitheryounor

Iamgoingthere.注：部分倒裝（助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞提到主語前）

neither位于句首，neither和nor后都有主語和謂語，前后都倒Neither

wasshe

happynor

wasshesad.both:Bothhisparentsandhisrelativeslovehim.并列句分類②1.聯(lián)合并列句notonly...but（also）"不僅...而且”Shenotonlysingswell,but(also)she

danceswell.注：就近原則

Notonlyhebut(also)Iam

wrong.Notonly

doIlikeher,but(also)Irespecther.注：部分倒裝（助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞提到主語前）notonly位于句首，后面有主語和謂語，前倒裝后不倒裝并列句分類②1.聯(lián)合并列句※when“這時”(while和as以及其他詞不可以)1.sb.was/weredoing...when..Iwassleepingwhenthebellrang.2.sb.was/wereabouttodo...when...Hewasabouttogowhenmyteachercamein.3.sb.hadjustdone...when...Shehadjustfinishedthetaskwhenherbosscalledher.并列句分類②聯(lián)合并列句練一練1._________myfather_____mymothercandrive.However,theyaregoingtobuyanexpensivecar.2.Walk100meters,________youwillseethebusstation.3.Hegotup,washedhisface,_______didhishomework.4.BothTom______Ilikewatchingmovies.5.NotonlydoIknowhim,_______I’mhisbestfriend.6.Iwascooking______someoneknockedatthedoor.Neithernorandandandbutwhen并列句分類②2.轉(zhuǎn)折并列句并列連詞：but,while,yet,however等。例如：Theoldwomanlivesalone,butsheneverfeelslonely.Welovepeace

butwearenotafraidofwar.Iloveher,however,Iloveyoubest.Hewaspoor,yethappy.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.并列句分類②2.轉(zhuǎn)折并列句注意：but和although/though不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中。Hestudiedhard,buthefailedtheexam.Although/Thoughhestudiedhard,hefailedtheexam.但是yet和still可以和although/though同時使用。Although/Thoughhestudiedhard,yethefailedtheexam.Although/Thoughhestudiedhard,hestillfailedtheexam.并列句分類②2.轉(zhuǎn)折并列句轉(zhuǎn)折并列句練一練1.Thewatchisnice,_______it’stooexpensive.2.IamgoodatEnglish______heisgoodatmath.3.Hefellill.__________,hewenttoschool.butwhileHowever并列句分類②3.選擇并列句并列連詞：or,otherwise,either…or…等。例如：Getupearly,oryou’llbelateforschool.Myplanewasthreehourslate;otherwise,

Icouldhavedonesomesightseeingofthecity.EitheryouorIam

thebest.并列句分類②3.選擇并列句注：※祈使句+or+陳述句

表示“…,否則…”Hurryuporyou'llmissthetrain.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you'llmissthetrain.比對：※祈使句+and+陳述句

表示“如果…就…”

Studyhardandyou'llpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,you'llpasstheexam.并列句分類②3.選擇并列句Youcaneithercometothepartyorstayathome.either...or...

“或者...或者”注：就近原則

EitherIorheis

thewinner.not..but“不是...而是”Heisnotateacher,butadoctor.注：就近原則

Nothebutwe

are

responsibleforthework.并列句分類②3.選擇并列句選擇并列句練一練1.Don’twasteyourmoney,____youcan’tsupportyourself.2.I’mbusyallday.Wecanmeet_____atnoon____atnight.3.Thebookisnotinteresting_______veryboring.neithernorbutor并列句分類②4.因果并列句并列連詞：so,for,therefore等。例如：IturnedontheTV,sowesatdownandwatchedit.Iwassotired,

so

Iwenthomeearly.Youmustbeill,foryoulooksopale.Shewastedsomuchtime,therefore,shefailedatlast.并列句分類②1.Relaxyourselfeveryday,__________you’llbetootiredtogetgoodgrades.or2.Tomwasexhaustedafterawholeday’swork,____hefellasleepthemomenthelaydownonhisbed.so3.Heisamillionaire,______heisnothappy..but4.Youcanstayathome,____youcangotothecinemawithus.or因果并列句練一練并列句分類②單個連詞and和，又but但是for因為however(表示程度)or或者so因此，所以while而yet然而Howevercolditisoutside,theyarestillworkinghard.并列句分類②復(fù)合連詞either...or...

或者

或者neither...nor既不也不notonly...butalso...不僅而且Neitherhasshechangedhermind,norwillshedoso.

她既沒有改變主意，也不打算這樣做。并列句分類②連接副詞besides而且，此外hence因此，由此nevertheless

然而moreover

此外，而且otherwise否則，要不然therefore

因此，所以并列句分類②注意事項and=besidesbut=howeverso=thereforeor=otherwiseWhile并列連詞，表示比較；從屬連詞，在……期間，盡管Heisasoldierwhilehissisterisanurse.Somestudentsarestudyingintheclassroomwhileotherstakepartinoutdooractivities.Whileitisverycoldoutside,theyarestillworkinghard.并列句分級③并列句——遵循并列對等原則（并列成分、并列連詞），其前后部分必須對等。自定義：

一級并列，指并列句之間的并列關(guān)系；

二級并列，指簡單句、主句、并列分句內(nèi)的并列關(guān)系；三級并列，指第一層從句內(nèi)的并列關(guān)系；

四級并列，指第二層從句內(nèi)的并列關(guān)系。并列句分級③常用并列連詞1.并列兩個元素（一級并列）的連接詞Either…or…;neither…nor…;notonly…butalso…;并列句分級③只有單級并列成分的并列句

（安徽單選）Heseemedinterestedinmyexperience,buthedidn’taskforreferences.一級并列：He…,but…

并列句分級③（湖北B）

Lookingdeepintothelivestheyhavelivedseparatelyandtogether,PerriandSheilatelltheirmother-daughterstorywithhonesty,humor,enthusiasm,andadmirationforeachother.并列句分級③含有二級及以上層級的并列句（湖北A）

Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon,andthewallsofthevalleylooked

threateningbehindtheirscreenofshadows.

一級并列：Thesky句，andthewalls句。并列句分級③（湖北B）ForSheila,wastingtimeormoneyisacrime,andluxuryisunthinkablewhilePerrienjoystheoccasionalsmallluxury,buthasnotbeensuccessfulattryingtopersuadehermotherintoenjoyingeventhetiniestthingshelikes.并列句分級③并列結(jié)構(gòu)為主，兼含從句（天津D）It’snotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwhatwedopossess. 一級并列：notwishing，butenjoying（新課標(biāo)ID）

Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.二級并列：Those(定語)or（定語從句）；二級并列：enjoy賓語or賓語并列句分級③主從復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為主，內(nèi)含并列結(jié)構(gòu)（湖北E）Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpecting并列句分級③不含連接詞的平行結(jié)構(gòu)（湖北B）Perrinoteswithamazementhowcloselyherownlifehasmirroredhermother’s:bothhavefull-timecareers；bothhavepublishedbooks,articles,andstories；eachhasthreechildren；theybothlovetoread.Theyalsolovetotravel—infact,theyoftentaketripstogether.長難句之并列句法④

簡單句+簡單句=并列句主+謂主+謂+賓主+系+表主+謂+間賓+直賓主+謂+賓+賓補增肥=復(fù)合句長難句之并列句法④

Keepitinmind,graduallywecangainthisgoodlearninghabitandbenefitfromit.記住它，我們會逐漸掌握這種好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，并從中受益。Keepitinmind,andgraduallywecangainthisgoodlearninghabitandbenefitfromit.逗號不能連接前后兩個句子簡單句并列連詞簡單句長難句之并列句法④

Afterclass,Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmatewouldhavedroppedoutofschoolifhehadn’tbeenhelpedbyothers.Afterclass,Ilearnedtheresultfromtheteacher.復(fù)雜的從句都是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上變形得來的。有選擇題的語法基礎(chǔ)，辨認并不困難，關(guān)鍵是寫句子時怎樣排除漢語干擾，合理安排各部分的層次與關(guān)系。長難句之并列句法④

長難句，看仔細,一劃二括三會意。劃主干，圈并列。（一劃圈）括修飾，不能少，介短非謂和從句

（二括修飾）先主干，后修飾。層層分析得真意。（三會意）長難句分析口訣Tip1：Tip2：長難句中除介詞短語、非謂語和從句這些修飾語之外，還常帶有插入語、如同位語、或用破折號、冒號等補充信息或插入新話題。并列連詞and,but,or,so可連接幾個并列的成分或句子，如AandB,這時應(yīng)先找B,再找A,根據(jù)B確定并列的是成分還是句子。圈出并列句的連詞，可將長句一分為二，大大簡化長難句。長難句之并列句法④【2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷閱讀C】Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrow-away,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialfor

artworks-transformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.最近，由于書籍變得廉價甚至被隨意丟棄，藝術(shù)家們已經(jīng)將書籍用作藝術(shù)品的原材料，將書籍的封面、內(nèi)頁甚至整本書變成繪畫和雕塑作品。一劃：劃主干、給主謂賓劃

_____牛刀小試：【2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷閱讀B】Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks(wheretinycreatureslived).長難句之并列句法④2022年全國甲卷閱讀理解B篇Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.一劃：劃主干、給主謂賓劃_____，圈并列Tip1：并列連詞and,but,or,so可連接并列的成分或句子，如AandB的模式,應(yīng)先確定AB其中一個的結(jié)構(gòu)性質(zhì)，幫助確定另一個是詞、短語還是句子。圈出并列連詞，將長難句一分為二，簡化長難句。長難句之并列句法④牛刀小試：Formanyolderpeoplewholivedinthecountry,drivingwasveryimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.(全國2卷D)二括：括出修飾語：

給介短,非謂和從句加()(

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Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.2022年全國甲卷閱讀理解B篇(

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長難句之并列句法④Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations,includingUNESCOandNationalGeographic,haveformanyyearsbeenrecording

dyinglanguagesandtheculturewhichtheyreflect.(全國1卷D)Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto______promotegloballanguages.rescuethedisappearinglanguages.searchforlanguagescommunities.setuplanguagesresearchorganizations.)(

三會意：先主干，(

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)))長難句之并列句法④(100所名校三B)MysonGushasfoodallergies