2026屆高考英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句011.限制性定語(yǔ)從句

從句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明確，與主句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開。2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

從句是對(duì)主句或先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，去掉后不影響主句的意思，與主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.定語(yǔ)從句的種類當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或被物主代詞或指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容作為先行詞，對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾，這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。02關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞先行詞在從句中所作成分that人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom人賓語(yǔ)whose人或物定語(yǔ)as人或物或主句主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中所作成分when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)whyreason原因狀語(yǔ)031.先行詞是all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代詞。2.先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)或被它們修飾。3.先行詞被theonly,thevery（正好）,thelast,all,any,every,no,little,much等限定詞修飾。4.先行詞中既有人也有物。5.which或who作主句主語(yǔ)的特殊疑問句。IwilltellyoueverythingthatIknow.Whatisthefirstforeigncitythatyouhaveeverbeento?只能用關(guān)系代詞thatChattingistheonlythingthatinterestsher.Whoistheboythatislyingunderthetree?Thethingsandpersonsthattheymentionedarestrangetome.04（1）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Hisbestmovie,whichwonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.（2）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallthemoneythatIsaved.（3）先行詞是that。Whatisthatwhichyouputintoyourschoolbagjustnow?只用關(guān)系代詞which051.關(guān)系代詞的選用

若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)常用whom，指物時(shí)常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介詞后，即“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。2.介詞的選用（1）根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞、形容詞等與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定。（2）根據(jù)語(yǔ)意表達(dá)的需要來確定。（3）根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要也可用介詞短語(yǔ)，如bymeansof,asaresultof等。（4）表示整體和部分關(guān)系時(shí)，介詞常用of。（5）“名詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可與“whose+名詞”替換?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Withthefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople,inwhosevillageshetaught10yearsago,havelivedahappylife.Shelivesinahouse,thewindowsofwhich（=whosewindows）facetotheeast.“介詞+where”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句這一結(jié)構(gòu)是為了讓句意表達(dá)更清楚，要從意思上與“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句加以區(qū)別。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.（fromwhere相當(dāng)于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow）05“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句061.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明，往往表示“正如……；正像……的那樣”，常用于aswe（all）know,asisknown（toall）,asismentionedabove,asisreported（inthenewspaper）,asisoftenthecase等句式中，位置靈活，可位于句首、句中，也可置于句末；通常用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。2.當(dāng)先行詞由thesame修飾時(shí)，可用that或as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示“同一個(gè)”，as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示“同一類”。3.so/such...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在從句中不充當(dāng)成分；而在so/such...as...中，as在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)成分。as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound,asweallknow.ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.（同類型的另一個(gè)）Heissocleveraboyaswealllike.（as在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）關(guān)系代詞as和which的區(qū)別1.位置不同。as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可位于句首、句中、句末；which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句不能位于句首。2.意義不同。as意為“正如；就像”，引導(dǎo)的從句表達(dá)人的觀點(diǎn)、事物的習(xí)慣性等意義，主要起承上啟下的作用；which意為“這一點(diǎn)”，引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句，補(bǔ)充說明主句的狀態(tài)或結(jié)果。3.當(dāng)先行詞被such,so,as等詞修飾時(shí)，一般用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。06as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句07關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系副詞句法功能與“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的關(guān)系表示時(shí)間的名詞：time,day,year等when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)=at/in/on/

during

which表示場(chǎng)所的名詞：park,place,country,house等where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)=at/in/on/to

which表示理由的名詞：the

reasonwhy原因

狀語(yǔ)=for

which注意：當(dāng)先行詞為point，

situation，

case，

stage等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。081.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)須與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。（1）先行詞為“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Heisoneofthestudentsthathaveeverwontheprize.（2）先行詞為“theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathaseverwontheprize.（3）在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞as或which替代整個(gè)主句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。

Johnwonthefirstprize,asisoftenthecase.2.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，但介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。Theman（whom）Iwastalkingtoismybrother.定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致及關(guān)系代詞的省略1.【2025年全國(guó)一卷】AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,56______________originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.2.【2025年全國(guó)二卷】IwasbornandraisedinCleveland,OhiointheUnitedStates.Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,36___________bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn’texist.09高考真題whichwhere3.【2025年北京卷】However,accordingtoareportbytheWorldWildlifeFund,touristsleftover1.3billiontonsoffoodwastelastyear,19____________accountedforabout8%ofthetotalglobalgasreleasein2024.4.【2025年1月浙江卷】Tanyaisalsolookingbeyondspecial-occasiondressestolessformalclothing,63__________sheplanstopackageascapsulewardrobesandoffertotravellers,suchasthoseheadedtoweddingsabroad,withalonger-termrentalperiod.09高考真題whichwhich5.【2024新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷】Glasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute_________________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.6.【2024全國(guó)甲卷】YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalpark—2.2millionacres—untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,______________becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.09高考真題which/thatwhich7.【2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷】Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(紀(jì)念)TangXianzu,__________isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.8.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood,___________doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.“Ifyoueattoomuchordotoomuchofanything,you’regoingtosuffereventually,”hesaid.09高考真題whowho9.【2024浙江1月卷】Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway________________willmakethemthemostmoney.10.【2023年全國(guó)乙卷】Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace43__________welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural44(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.09高考真題that/whichthat/which1.【2025?吉林省普通高中高三一?！緼ncientAfricanswerepioneersofearlycivilization,39______canbeprovedwiththeevidencethatearlyAfricansocietiesexcelledinfieldssuchasengineering,mathematics,writingevennavigation.2.【2025?云南省保山市高三摸底】Now,itismucheasierforpassengerstopurchasetickets.AnonlineandmobileapplicationticketsystemwaslaunchedinMarchlastyear,38______enablesInternet-basedticketsalesandsupportspaymentmethodssuchasWeChat,Alipay,UnionPayandVISA.10最新試題whichwhich3.【2025?浙江Z20名校聯(lián)盟高三第一次聯(lián)考】Thus,theIndianmovieindustry'sfurtherdevelopmentsolelydependsondomesticcompanies'capabilitytocooperat