Unit4NaturalDisasterssummarywritingReadingforWritingLearningObjectivesInthisclass,youwill1.learnhowtowriteasummary.2.concludethemethodstorewriteasentence.3.writeasummary.Lead-in2019浙江卷第一節(jié)

應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）第二節(jié)

概要寫作（滿分25分）概要寫作提供一篇350詞以內(nèi)的短文，要求考生基于該短文寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要（滿分25分，詞數(shù)少于40詞和多余80詞，從總分中減去2分）。所選材料體裁沒有限制，以說明文、議論文和記敘文為主。概要寫作考查學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力，即閱讀能力、分析查找能力、邏輯思維能力、理解判斷能力及概括能力等。因此，概要寫作是基于閱讀理解和書面表達的，是二者的有機結(jié)合體。①對原文要點的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況；②應(yīng)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準確性；③上下文的連貫性；④對各要點表達的獨立性情況。任務(wù)要求考察要點評分參考writeasummaryforthetextonpage50記敘文narration說明文exposition議論文argumentation人物+時間+地點+事件

（起因+結(jié)果）故事、日記、新聞報道、游記等描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用。即：對象+性質(zhì)功用+利好；針對某個問題提出解決方法或措施。即：問題+解決方法；介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因和結(jié)果。即：現(xiàn)象+原因+結(jié)果論點+論據(jù)（+結(jié)論）確定文體Step1ReadthetextTpara.1a.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.para.2b.Buthopewasnotlost.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.para.3c.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.para.4d.StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.para.5e.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Two-thirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.讀para.1a.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.para.2b.Buthopewasnotlost.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.para.3c.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.para.4d.StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.para.5e.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Two-thirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.SupportingSentencespara1.StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.para2.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Two-thirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.para3.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.para4.Buthopewasnotlost.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.para5.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Step2MakeanoutlinesupportingsentencesTHENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP列Topic同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換para1:StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.Step3RewritetopicsentencesSynonym同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換strange→unusualhappen→takeplacebut→Yetasleep→sleepstrangethingswerehappening→TherewereunusualthingstakingplaceSentencepattern句式轉(zhuǎn)換Synonym同義替換改Partofspeech詞性轉(zhuǎn)換TherewereunusualthingstakingplaceintheruralarealocatedinthenortheastofHebei.Yet,1,000,000citizensweresleepinglikeanyothernights.para2.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Two-thirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.At3:42a.m.,nothingstoodstill.Withinseconds,abigcitywasdestroyed.MostpeoplelivinginTangshanwerekilledorgotinjured.everything→nothingshake→stillAntonym反義替換Step3Rewritetopicsentences改para3.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Tangshanwasalmost________________.Inthesameafternoon,thecity_____________bya_________earthquakeonemoretime.Step3Rewritetopicsentences改para4.Buthopewasnotlost.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.

__________,peoplewerestill___________.________________peoplegothelpfromsoldiers,doctorsandnurses,andworkers.Step3Rewritetopicsentences改同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換para5.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Step3Rewritetopicsentences改UsefulTransitionalWords時間順序:atthebeginning,

then,

later,

afterwards,

sincethen,

immediately,

meanwhile,finally,

atlast,

intheend,

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,

yet,

however,nevertheless,while,

otherwise,

onthecontrary因果關(guān)系:because,

as,

since,

for,

thanksto,

dueto,

so,

therefore,

asaresult/consequence遞進關(guān)系:besides,

what’smore,

moreover,

what’sworse,worsestill,

tomakemattersworse,

moreimportantly并列關(guān)系:and,

or,

aswellas,

notonly...butalso...,

either...or...,

neither...nor...,not...but...Step4Makeitcoherent寫THENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEPTherewereunusualthingstakingplaceintheruralarealocatedinthenortheastofHebei.Yet,1,000,000citizensweresleepinglikeanyothernights.(),at3:42a.m.,nothingstoodstill.Withinseconds,abigcitywasdestroyed.MostpeoplelivinginTangshanwerekilledorgotinjured.()Tangshanwasalmost_______________.(),inthesameafternoon,thecity_____________bya_________earthquakeonemoretime.(),peoplewerestill___________,()________________peoplegothelpfromsoldiers,doctorsandnurses,andworkers.(),____________________________________________________________________________.Step4Makeitcoherent寫onepossibleversionTherewereunusualthingstakingplaceintheruralarea,aplacelocatedinthenortheastofHebei.Yet,1,000,000citizensweresleepinglikeanyothernights.(Afterwards),at3:42a.m.,nothingstoodstill.Withinseconds,abigcitywascompletelydestroyed.MostpeoplelivinginTangshanwerekilledorgotinjured.(And)Tangshanwasalmostcoveredwithruins.(Evenworse),inthesameafternoon,the