【英語】閱讀理解日常生活類知識點題型一、英語閱讀理解日常生活類（含答案詳細解析）1．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的幾個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Whatsubjectdoyouworryaboutthemostatschool?Manystudentsworryaboutmath.Somestudentscan'tsleepwellthedaybeforeamathexam.Othersmayfeelverynervousduringtheexamitself.Buttheremightbeawaytomakethesubjectlessstressful（壓力大的）.

"Forpeoplewhoareworriedaboutmath,posture（姿勢）makesabigdifference,"ErikPaperfromSanFranciscoStateUniversitytoldtheDailyMail.That'sright–sittingupstraightcanhelpyoudobetteronmathexams.

Scientiststested125collegestudents.Theyaskedthemtodoasimplemathexamwhilesittinginaslumped-over（趴倒的）posture,orsittingupstraight.Afterthetest,56percentofstudentssaidtheexamwaseasiertodoiftheyweresittingupstraight.

Slumpingoverisadefensive（戒備的）posture.Itcanbringaboutbadmemoriesinthebodyandbrain.Thiscanstopyoufromthinkingclearly,Papersaid.

Studentswhowerenotnervousabouttakingthemathexamdidnotnecessarilybenefit（受益）frombetterposture.Buttheydidfindthatdoingmathwhileslumpedoverwasmoredifficult,ScienceDailyreported.

Goodpostureisn'tjusthelpfulfortakingmathexams.Sportspeople,musiciansandpublicspeakerscanallbenefitfrombetterposture.Whenyoufeelstressedout,youcanalsotrytositupstraightorstandtall.Itcanhelpyoufeelmorecertainandfocusbetter.（1）Whatposturecanmakepeoplefeellessstressedduringmathexams?A.

Sittingupstraight.

B.

Hangingyourhead.C.

Lyingonyourback.

D.

Raisingonehand.（2）Whatdidthescientistsaskthecollegestudentstododuringthetest?A.

Todosit-ups.

B.

Tocountnumbers.C.

Tothinkcarefully.

D.

Tositindifferentpostures.（3）Howmanystudentsinthetestbenefitedfromthebetterposture?A.

Allthe125students.

B.

Lessthanhalfofthem.C.

56percentofthem.

D.

Noneofthestudents.（4）Thefourthparagraphiswrittentoexplain

.A.

whyslumpingovermakesexamshardertodoB.

whyslumpingoverisbadforone'shealthC.

whysomepeopleslumpoverduringexamsD.

whypeoplearenervousduringmathexams（5）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

SlumpovertoTakeExams

B.

SituptoDoMathC.

BetterPostureforNervousStudents

D.

GoodAdviceforBetterExams【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）B【解析】【分析】本文介紹

姿勢不僅有助于參加數學考試。運動員、音樂家和演說家都可以從更好的姿勢中受益。當你感到壓力大的時候，你也可以試著坐直或者站直。它可以幫助你更確定，更專注。（1）細節(jié)題。根據Forpeoplewhoareworriedaboutmath,posture（姿勢）makesabigdifference和That'sright–sittingupstraightcanhelpyoudobetteronmathexams.可知坐直可以讓人們在數學考試中感覺壓力更小，故選A。（2）推理題。根據Theyaskedthemtodoasimplemathexamwhilesittinginaslumped-over（趴倒的）posture,orsittingupstraight.

可知科學家在測試中要求大學生以不同的姿勢坐著，故選D。（3）細節(jié)題。根據Afterthetest,56percentofstudentssaidtheexamwaseasiertodoiftheyweresittingupstraight可知56%的參加測試的學生從更好的姿勢中受益，故選C。（4）主旨題。根據

Slumpingoverisadefensive（戒備的）posture.Itcanbringaboutbadmemoriesinthebodyandbrain.Thiscanstopyoufromthinkingclearly,可知第四段是用來解釋為什么睡懶覺會讓考試變得更難，故選A。（5）主旨題。根據本文教室里姿勢有助于參加數學考試和theexamwaseasiertodoiftheyweresittingupstraight，可知標題適合是

SituptoDoMath坐起來做數學，故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2．閱讀理解

Haveyoueverwantedtoachieveagoalandendedupdoinglotsofresearchonhowtoachieveit?Asyoulearnedmoreandmore.Itseemedyouknewlessandless.Thatisbecausewhenyoulearnedanewconcept（概念）.Youfoundthattherewasalotmoretoknowaboutit.

Usually,peoplethinktheyneedtogetmoreandmoreinformationbeforetryinganewidea.Thereisnothingwrongwithlearningalot,butwhenyouletlearninggetinthewayofdoing,youwillnevergetgoing.

Oneofthebestwaystolearnistotakeactionandlearnfromtheresultsthatyougetfromthoseactions.Don'tbeafraidofnotbeingperfectandjusttakethefirststep.Youwillgofurtherthanthosewhoarestillinpreparation.It'sgoodtobeprepared,butover-preparationintryingtoreachagoalwon'tgetyouresults.Theknowledgeandskillsthatyouwillneedwillbepickedupalongtheway.

Ifababywantstolearnhowtowalk,itdoesn'tdoitbyjustsittingthereandthinkingabouthowtowalk.Thebestwayforababytowalkistoactuallygetupandstartwalking.Sureitmayfall,butwitheveryfall,itlearnswhatisworkingandwhatisnotandadjusts（調整）toit.Bydoingthisoverandover,itwillfinallylearntowalk.Thisisthemethodyoushouldusewhenyouwanttoachieveyourgoalsaswell.Itworks.

Learningmoreisgreatbutifallyou'redoingislearningandnottakingaction,it'stimetochangethat.Justtakethefirststep.（1）Whenyoulearnedsomethingnew,youfoundtherewas

toknowaboutit.A.

less

B.

nothing

C.

everything

D.

more（2）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

Peopleneedtolearnalotbeforetryinganewidea.B.

Oneofthebestwaystolearnistotakeaction.C.

Learninghasnothingtodowithdoing.D.

Over-preparationisnotgoodforreachingagoal.（3）Ababyshould

whenitwantstolearnhowtowalk.A.

getupandstartwalkingB.

sitthereandthinkabouthowtowalkC.

learnfromitsparentsD.

readbooksabouthowtowalk（4）Wecanusuallyreadthepassagein

.A.

astorybook

B.

anewspaper

C.

anadvertisement

D.

aguidebook（5）Thepurposeofthepassageis

.A.

totellushowtolearnmoreB.

totellushowtobesuccessfulC.

totalkabouttheimportanceofdoingD.

totalkabouttheimportanceoflearning【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】本文告訴我們一個道理，最后的學習方法是從行為結果中去學習。（1）細節(jié)題。根據

Asyoulearnedmoreandmore.Itseemedyouknewlessandless.隨著你學得越來越多。看來你知道的越來越少了，可知當你學到新東西時你發(fā)現有更多的東西要知道，故選D。（2）細節(jié)題。根據Oneofthebestwaystolearnistotakeactionandlearnfromtheresultsthatyougetfromthoseactions學習的最好方法之一是采取行動，從這些行動中獲得的結果中學習，可知學習與做無關是錯的，故選C。（3）細節(jié)題。根據Thebestwayforababytowalkistoactuallygetupandstartwalking可知，當嬰兒想學會走路時，就應該站起來開始走，故選A。（4）推理題。根據本文是告訴我們一個道理，故會在報紙上看到這篇文章，故選B。（5）主旨題。本文告訴我們一個道理，最后的學習方法是從行為結果中去學習，故本文是談論做的重要性，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題四種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3．閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?

Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof（社會認同感）thatworks.

ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines（A,B,C）.Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects（實驗對象）.

Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting（打獵）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.

Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecapfulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".（1）Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby________.A.

tellingastory

B.

givingexamples

C.

answeringquestions

D.

showingamap（2）AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows________.A.

followingothersisalwaysright

B.

socialproofmaychangepeople'sideasC.

it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperiment

D.

peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone（3）Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraphgrefersto________.A.

runningwithothers

B.

huntingwithfriendsC.

copyingothers'action

D.

doingsomethingdifferent（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that________.A.

it'simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.

productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.

wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafeD.

weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文通過幾個實例說明了社會認知感對人們的影響。（1）細節(jié)理解題。

Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?可知作者是通過實例說明了一個論點社會認同感的影響。故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。第三段的實驗內容主要講讓人們選擇一個正確答案，在一個人單獨思考的狀況下，可以答對；當一群人一起看問題，并告知他們前面的人選擇的一個錯誤答案，他們就都選擇認可前人回答的錯誤答案，由此可知社會認同感會讓人改變觀點。故選B。（3）詞意猜測題。根據Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting（打獵）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.

這種觀念深深種在我們的腦海中并且現在我們仍舊在使用?？芍猧t指的是人們抄襲他人的行動。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".因此無論何時當一個公司說它的產品是對受歡迎的要小心?？芍斘覀冊诟鷱膭e人之前要再三考慮。故選D?！军c評】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，了解短文大意，然后分析問題，弄清題意，再帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細節(jié)中找出問題答案。對于推理判斷題要根據文章中相關的細節(jié)進行推理判斷，不要主觀臆斷，要根據作者的觀點確定。4．閱讀理解

Alongwithwheat,riceisoneofthemostimportantfoodcropsintheworld.Itisanutritious,healthyfood.

Eachyear,farmersgrowmillionsoftonsofrice.

TopFiveRice﹣producingCountries（1）Whatfoodcropisthereadingmaterialmainlyabout？A.

Wheat.

B.

Rice.

C.

Corn.

D.

Potato.（2）Inwhichcountryisthemostricegrown？A.

China.

B.

Bangladesh.

C.

India.

D.

Vietnam.（3）Fromthemapweknowthatthefivecountriesareallin

.A.

Europe.

B.

Africa.

C.

America.

D.

Asia.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇閱讀材料主要介紹了世界水稻種植的國家和產量。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據riceisoneofthemostimportantfoodcropsintheworld.水稻是世界上最重要的糧食作物。故選B。（2）看圖識圖題。根據柱形圖可知中國的水稻產量最高超過200000000，其次是印度，再次印度尼西亞。故選A。（3）看圖識圖題。根據柱形圖可知世界五大水稻生產國是：中國，印度，印度尼西亞，孟加拉和越南。它們都是亞洲國家。故選D?！军c評】此題考查閱讀理解。先觀察圖片，理解圖片信息。然后分析問題，帶著問題仔細觀察圖片信息，找出問題正確答案。5．閱讀理解

ThisistheschooltimetableofClassOne,GradeThree,SunshineSchoolonMonday.8:00-10:00amTechnologyInthislesson,studentslearnhowtosurftheInternetsafelyandeffectively.10:00-11;00amDramaDuringthislesson,studentswillhavethechancetoactoutroleswithotherstudents.

11:00-11:45amPaintingStudentslearnhowtousewatercolorsproperly.Iftheweatherisgood,thelessonmaytakeplaceoutdoors.LUNCH1:00-2:00pmScience（Biologyorchemistry）Studentscanchoosewhichclasstoattend.Inbiologythisweek,studentswilllearnaboutthebonesinhumans.Inchemistry,thesubjectisHowexplosionshappen.

2:00-3:45pmSPORTS2:00pmTheory（理論）Studentslearnabouttheskillsusedinacertainsport.Weseerealactionfrompastgamesonvideos.3:00pmPracticeStudentswillplayashortmatchlasting45minutes.Thisweek,thesportsaresoccer（theboys）andvolleyball（forgirls）.

HomeworkTechnology-theteacherwillgivestudentswebsitestolookup（about20minutes）Drama-studentshavetolearnapartforthenextlesson（30-60minutes）Biology/chemistry-studentshavetowriteareportofthelesson（about40minutes）（1）Whattimedoesthedramalessonbegin?A.

At8:00am.

B.

At10:00am.

C.

At1:00pm.

D.

At2:00pm.（2）Howlongdoesthesciencehomeworktake?A.

Atleast90minutes.B.

About20minutes.C.

Morethan60minutes.D.

About40minutes.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetimetable?A.

Studentsalwaystaketheirpaintinglessonsoutsides.B.

Boystudentswillplayashortsoccermatchthisweek.C.

Studentswilluseskillsinrealgamesinthetheorylesson.D.

Studentslearnhowtofixcomputersinthetechnologylesson.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹陽光學校三年級一班的周一上課時間表。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據10:00-11;00am：DramaDuringthislesson,studentswillhavethechancetoactoutroleswithotherstudents.可知戲劇在這節(jié)課將在上午10：00開始，故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據Science（Biologyorchemistry）Students

havetowriteareportofthelesson（about40minutes）

.可知科學作業(yè)花費大約40分鐘，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據PracticeStudentswillplayashortmatchlasting45minutes.Thisweek,thesportsaresoccer（theboys）andvolleyball（forgirls）.

可知實習學生將進行一場持續(xù)45分鐘的短比賽。本周的運動項目是男孩足球和女孩排球。故選B?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。6．根據短文內容，判斷下列句子正誤。

Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes（音量）?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss（聽力喪失）,becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.

TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB（分貝）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.

Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinner二Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells（聽毛細胞）inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.

Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortable

The"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto（相當于）thenoiseofasubway.

Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over—the—earheadphones

（頭戴式耳機）arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.（1）Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes（2）Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.（3）Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.（4）In—earheadphonesarebetterthanover—the—eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.（5）Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.【答案】（1）0（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）0【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要講述了聽大音量音樂的習慣對聽力有害。世界衛(wèi)生組織稱，超過10億的年輕人在聽力方面存在問題，因為他們長時間大聲聆聽。聯合國有安全聆聽標準。聽八十小時大于85分貝或15分鐘大聲100分鐘的聲音是不安全的。長時間聆聽大聲的聲音可能會使這些細胞工作太猛，并使其中一些細胞死亡。這就是人們聽力損失的原因。（1）判斷正誤題。根據Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB（分貝）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知挺高于85分貝八個小時或者100分貝15分鐘是不安全的。故答案為錯誤。（2）判斷正誤題。根據However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.可知聽大聲的噪音很長時間能使這些耳毛細胞工作太猛，造成一些耳毛細胞死亡，故答案為正確。（3）判斷正誤題。根據ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知如果你在像地鐵這樣吵鬧的地方，你可能無意識的把聲音調到太大，可知第四段告訴我們人們不總是能意識到他們的音樂有多大聲，故答案為正確。（4）判斷正誤題。根據Over—the—earheadphones

（頭戴式耳機）arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.可知頭戴式耳機比置入式耳機更好，故答案為錯誤。（5）判斷正誤題。通讀全文可知大意是：聽大聲的音樂對聽力有害，不是講耳朵是人體重要的組成部分，故答案為錯誤?！军c評】考查閱讀理解能力，首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據細節(jié)判斷所給句子的正確，注意要找到依據。7．閱讀理解

Whenitcomestohelpingdevelopingcountries,weoftenthinkaboutofferingmoneyinorderthattheycanbuildschoolsandhospitals,buyfoodandmedicine,orfindcleanwatersupplies.Theseseemtobethemostimportantbasicneedsintheirlives.However,it'sfarfromenough.Wehavetocomeupwithbetterideas.

AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputer,whichhedecidedtoinventafterhevisitedaschoolinCambodia.ThelaptopwhichMr.Negropontehasdesignedisnotthesameasthenormalonethatyoucanbuyintheshops.Onedifferenceisthatitwillbecoveredinrubbersothatitisstrongandwon'tbedamagedeasily.Asanelectricitysupplycanbeaproblemindevelopingcountries,thecomputeralsohasaspecialhandleinorderthatchildrencanwindthecomputeruptogiveitextrapowerwhenneeded.

Thisspeciallaptopcomputerwillcostlessthan100USdollarsandMr.Negropontewantstoproduceasmanyas15millionlaptopcomputersinthefirstyear.Theideaisthatthesecomputerswillhelpthechildren'seducationastheywillbeabletoaccesstheInternet.Thesecomputersmightnotbenefitthepeopleindevelopingcountriesimmediately,butbyimprovingchildren'seducationtheyshouldhelppeopletofindtheirownsolutionstotheirproblemsinthelongterm.Anotherideatohelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesistorecycleoldmobilephonessothattheycanbeusedagain.IntheUK.Andprobablyinmanyothercountriestoo,millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyear.Thewastecrestedbythrowingawaytheeoldphonesisverybedfortheenvironment,soitseemstobeanexcellentideatoachievetwoimportantgoalsatthesametime.Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.Inotherwords,wewillbeableto"killtwobirdswithone"andthatisalwaysagoodthing.（1）Theunderlinedphrase"windup"inparagraph2means

.A.

吹風

B.

給……上發(fā)條

C.

搖上

D.

利用空氣……使……（2）ThelaptopcomputerthatMr.Negropontehasdesigned

.A.

willbedamagedmucheasierthanthenormaloneB.

hasaspecialhandletoaccesstheInternetC.

ischeapandcanrunwithextrapowerD.

canbehelpfultofindthepeople'sownsolutions（3）Accordingtothepassage，whatbenefitcanwegetfromrecyclingoldmobilephones?A.

Wecanreducethewastetoprotecttheenvironment.B.

Wecanhelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesreusetheoldmobilephones.C.

itisgoodfortheenvironmentandveryeducativeforphoneusers.D.

Itnotonlyreducesthewasteproducedbydevelopedcountriesbutalsohelpsthechildrenindevelopingcountries.（4）Mr.Negroponte'scheapcomputerismentionedinthepassageto

.A.

illustratethekindnessofpeopleinthedevelopedcountriesB.

telluswhathightechnologycanhelppeopleC.

showhowtofindbusinessopportunitiesindevelopingcountriesD.

giveanexampleofhowtohelpdevelopingcountries（5）Whichisthebestideatheauthorgivesustohelpthedevelopingcountries?A.

Weneedtohelppeopleindevelopingcountriestohelpthemselves，notjustthrowmoneyattheproblem.B.

Weshouldspendmuchmoneyhelpingpeopleindevelopingcountriesbuildmoreschoolsandhospitals.C.

Weshouldthinkaboutgivinghelptodevelopingcountriesmoreoften.D.

Weshouldhelpthepeopleindevelopingcountriesbyimprovingchildren'seducationimmediately.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】主要講了NicholasNegroponte發(fā)明了一種便宜的手提電腦和循環(huán)使用手機來幫助發(fā)展中國家。（1）細節(jié)題。根據giveitextrapowerwhenneeded.當需要的時候給它額外的能量，是通過特殊的把柄來產生能量，即通過上發(fā)條，故選B。（2）細節(jié)題。根據AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputer和giveitextrapowerwhenneeded.可知手提電腦是便宜的，并且有額外的能量，故選C。（3）細節(jié)題。根據Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.可知不僅降低了廢棄物污染，而且?guī)椭税l(fā)展中國家，故選D。（4）細節(jié)題。根據第一段Wehavetocomeupwithbetterideas.可知是幫助發(fā)展中國家更好的主意的例子，故選D。（5）細節(jié)題。根據第一段可知幫助發(fā)展中國家時不僅僅是提供給他們金錢，而且要通過更好的方法來讓他們自己幫助自己，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。8．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案。

Fewstudentslikehomework,butitisanimportantpartofmiddleschoollifeintheUK.

TheUKhastheserulesforhomework:Grades7and8（ages11to13）:45to90minutesperday;Grade9（ages14to15）:1to2hoursaday.

Today,manyhomeworktasksaredoneonacomputer.Forexample,preparingreports,usingtheInternetordoingonlinetasks.Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours.Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities（設備）.

Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks.Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis（分析）.Buthoweverbigataskis,teachersalwaysgivefeedback反饋）tohelpstudentsfindtheareaswheretheycanimprove.

Someschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries.Theyadviseparentstocheckontheir

Children'sprogress.Sadly,noteveryparenttakesmuchinterest.Inasurveyof1,000studentsaged11to18,over10percentsaidthattheydidnothavespaceathometodohomework.Almost15percentsaidtheirfamiliesdidnotsupportthemenough.（1）IntheUK,whichoneofthefollowingshouldn'tdohomeworkformorethan90minutes?A.

Astudentof12.

B.

Agirlof14.

C.

Aboyof15.（2）Ifastudentdoesn'thaveacomputerortheInternet,howcanhefinishhisonlinehomework?A.

Hedoesn'thavetofinishit.B.

Hecanaskhisteacherforhelp.C.

Hecanfinishitatschool.（3）Theunderlinedword"extended"inParagraph4probablymeans

.A.

擴展的

B.

特別的

C.

困難的（4）Whydosomeschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries?A.

Toadvisestudentstodotheirhomeworkintime.B.

Toadviseparentstolearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sprogress.C.

Toadviseparentstohelptheirchildrenwiththeirhomework.（5）Whichpartisthepassageprobablyfrominanewspaper?A.

Education.

B.

Sports.

C.

Amusement.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了英國學生的家庭作業(yè)情況。不同年齡段的學生家庭作業(yè)時間不同?，F在大部分的學生都通過電腦完成作業(yè)。學生們還需要做一些擴展作業(yè)。學校也希望家長配合來更好的幫助學生完成家庭作業(yè)。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據Grade9（ages14to15）：1to2hoursaday?？芍?4到15歲的學生需要做1到2小時的作業(yè)。根據Grades7and8（ages11to13）：45to90minutesperday可知，12歲的學生只需要做45到90分鐘。故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours。Inthisway，studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities因此，學校通常在正常時間前后開放，這樣，沒有電腦或家里的互聯網的學生就可以使用學校的設施?？芍瑳]有電腦的學生可以在學校完成在線作業(yè)。故選C。（3）詞義猜測題。結合語境，Sometimes，studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks。

根據Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis（分析）.可知此處表示有時候，學生們會做一些擴展的學習任務。故選A。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據Theyadviseparentstocheckontheirchildren'sprogress?？芍?，學校讓孩子們帶家庭日記回家，是為了讓家長了解一下孩子們的進展。故選B。（5）推理判斷題。通讀全文TheUKhastheserulesforhomework英國有這些家庭作業(yè)規(guī)則，可知本文主要講解英國的學生的作業(yè)情況。所以，本文應該出自報紙的教育部分。故選A?！军c評】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及到細節(jié)理解，詞意猜測和推理判斷等題型。對于細節(jié)理解題，可直接從短文的細節(jié)中找出問題答案。對于詞意猜測題，要根據上下文的聯系，進行推理，確定詞在文章中的意思，對于推理判斷題，要根據文章的細節(jié)及作者的觀點和對文章的認知進行推測判斷，找出正確答案。二、中考英語完形填空（含答案詳細解析）9．閱讀下而短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?SurftheInternet?WatchTV?For15-year-oldWangYan,herfreetimeisnot1atall.WangYanhasaspecialfamily.Hermothercan't2andhastostayinbedallday,andherfathercan'tsee.Sothefamilyrolesare3.Insteadofparentstakingcareoftheirchild,WangYanhastotakecareofherparents.Fromtheageof6,WangYanbegantocookandwashclothesforthewholefamily.

NowWangYanisa9thgradestudentinaschool.Theschoolisfarfromherhome,4shehastoliveatschool.Atschoolshestudiesveryhardandevery5shecomesbackhomeandhelpsherparents.Beingacare-giver,shecooks,washesclothesandgivesherparentsmassages（被摩）,Astheonlylaborer（勞力）inthefamily,shedoesalotof6work-weeding（除草）,wateringthefield,growingvegetables.She7hasabusyweekend.

Thoughthegirllivesahardlife,sheneverfeels8.Asforthefuture,WangYanhopestogotocollegeandthenbecomea9,“IfIcangotocollege,Iwilltakemyparentswithme,"shesaid."AndIwanttobeadoctoroneday.ThenIwillbeabletohelpthedisabled（殘疾人）likemy10."1.A.busyB.relaxingC.different2.A.walkB.runC.jump3.A.lostB.continuedC.changed4.A.soB.butC.or5.A.dayB.nightC.weekend6.A.farmB.factoryC.school7.A.neverB.seldomC.always8.A.happyB.sadC.comfortable9.A.writerB.doctorC.singer10.A.parentsB.teachersC.classmates【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）B；（10）A；【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介紹了15歲的WangYan和她的特殊的家庭。（1）句意：她的空閑時間一點也不放松。A忙碌的，B放松的，C不同的。根據Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?SurftheInternet?WatchTV?你空閑的時候會做什么？上網？看電視？可知別人的空閑時間是很放松的，但WangYan的則相反。故選B。（2）句意：她媽媽不能走路，必須得整天待在床上。A走路，B跑步，C跳。根據下文hastostayinbedallday.必須得整天待在床上，可知她媽媽不能走路。故選A。（3）句意：所以家庭的角色改變了。A迷路，B繼續(xù)，C改變。根據上文可知，WangYan的父母是殘疾人，可知WngYan要負責照顧他們，因此角色改變了。故選C。（4）句意：學校離她家太遠，所以她不得不住在學校。A所以，B但是，C或者。根據Theschoolisfarfromherhome.學校離她家太遠，可知住在學校是結果，應用連詞so“所以”。故選A。（5）句意：每個周末，她回家?guī)椭母改?。A天，B晚上，C周末。根據前文可知，WangYan家太遠住在學校，因此應是周末的時候才可以回家。故選C。（6）句意：作為家里的唯一一個勞動力，她做了大量的農場活。A農場，B工廠，C學校。根據下文weeding（除草）,wateringthefield,growingvegetables.除草、澆地和種蔬菜，可知是農場活。故選A。（7）句意：她總是過著忙碌的周末。A從不，B很少，C經常。根據上文可知，WangYan要干大量的農活，因此周末總是忙碌的。故選C。（8）句意：盡管這個女孩過著一個艱苦的生活，她從不覺得悲傷。A快樂的，B悲傷的，C舒服的。根據轉折連詞but“但是”，可知艱苦的生活不使她感到悲傷。故選B。（9）句意：WangYan