2025年初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（附答案）考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解Readthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbasedontheinformationgiveninthepassages.Passage1TheInternethasbecomeanindispensablepartofmodernlife.Itconnectspeoplearoundtheworld,providesavastamountofinformation,andfacilitatescommunicationlikeneverbefore.However,therapiddevelopmentoftheInternetalsobringssomeproblemsthatweneedtopayattentionto.Onemajorissueisthespreadofmisinformation.Withtheeaseofsharinginformationonline,falseormisleadingnewscanspreadquickly,sometimesfasterthanthetruth.Thiscanleadtoconfusion,panic,andevensocialunrest.Itiscrucialforindividualstodevelopcriticalthinkingskillsandverifythecredibilityofonlinesourcesbeforeacceptinginformationastrue.Anotherproblemiscyberbullying.TheanonymityprovidedbytheInternetcanemboldensomepeopletoharassorbullyothersonline.Thiscanhavesevereemotionalandpsychologicalconsequencesforthevictims.Schools,parents,andsocietyasawholeneedtotakemeasurestopreventandaddresscyberbullyingeffectively.Despitethesechallenges,theInternetoffersnumerousbenefits.Itenablespeopletoworkremotely,accesseducationfromanywhere,andstayconnectedwithfamilyandfriends.ThekeyistousetheInternetwiselyandresponsibly,makingthemostofitsadvantageswhileminimizingitspotentialdrawbacks.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonenegativeconsequenceoftherapiddevelopmentoftheInternet?3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestindividualsdoregardingonlineinformation?4.Theword"embolden"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)discourageb)encouragec)ignored)forget5.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardstheInternet?Passage2Climatechangeisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacingourplanettoday.Itreferstolong-termchangesinweatherpatternsandglobaltemperatures,primarilycausedbyhumanactivities,especiallytheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,oil,andnaturalgas.Theseactivitiesreleaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,trappingheatandleadingtoariseinaverageglobaltemperatures.Theeffectsofclimatechangearewidespreadanddevastating.Risingsealevelsthreatencoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andfloods,causesignificantdamagetoecosystemsandhumaninfrastructure.Lossofbiodiversityisanothercriticalimpact,aschangingclimatesdisrupthabitatsandthreatenthesurvivalofmanyplantandanimalspecies.Addressingclimatechangerequiresglobalcooperationandimmediateaction.Renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowershouldbeheavilyinvestedintoreducerelianceonfossilfuels.Governmentsneedtoimplementstricterenvironmentalregulationsandpromotesustainablepractices.Individualsalsoplayarolebyconservingenergy,reducingwaste,andmakingenvironmentallyfriendlychoicesintheirdailylives.ThefightagainstclimatechangeisasharedresponsibilitythatneedstheattentionandcommitmentofeveryoneonEarth.6.Whatistheprimarycauseofclimatechangementionedinthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethreeconsequencesofclimatechange?8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestgovernmentsdotocombatclimatechange?9.Theword"devastating"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)minorb)severec)graduald)temporary10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Passage3Theconceptof"glocalization"hasgainedpopularityinrecentyears.Itisablendofthewords"globalization"and"localization,"referringtotheadaptationofglobalproducts,services,ormessagestosuitlocalcultures,tastes,andpreferences.Whileglobalizationinvolvestheworldwideexpansionofcompaniesandcultures,glocalizationemphasizestheimportanceofrespectingandintegratinglocalcharacteristicsintotheglobalframework.Aclassicexampleofglocalizationisthefoodindustry.Internationalfast-foodchainsoftenmodifytheirmenustocatertolocaltastes.Forinstance,McDonald'soffersrice-basedmealsinAsiaandvegetarianoptionsinIndia.Thisstrategyhelpsthesecompaniestoresonatebetterwithlocalconsumersandovercomeculturalbarriers.Glocalizationisnotlimitedtothebusinessworld.Italsoappliestomediaandentertainment.Hollywoodmovies,forexample,sometimesincludeculturallyspecificelementsordubthemintolocallanguagestoappealtowideraudiencesindifferentcountries.Thisapproachmakesglobalcontentmoreaccessibleandrelatabletopeoplearoundtheworld.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whydocompaniespracticeglocalization?13.Theword"resonate"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)conflictb)connectc)ignored)separate14.Besidesthefoodindustry,whereelsedoesthepassagementionglocalizationbeingapplied?15.Whatdotheexamplesinthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenglobalizationandlocalization?Passage4Adolescenceisaperiodofsignificantphysical,emotional,andsocialchange.Ittypicallyoccursduringthetransitionfromchildhoodtoadulthood,usuallybetweentheagesof13and19.Thisstageisoftencharacterizedbyastrongdesireforindependenceandself-identity.Teenagersbegintoquestionauthority,exploredifferentinterests,andformtheirownopinions.Thephysicalchangesduringadolescenceareprimarilydrivenbyhormonalshiftstriggeredbypuberty.Thesechangesincludegrowthspurts,developmentofsecondarysexualcharacteristics,andtheonsetofmenstruationingirls.Whilethesechangesareanormalpartofdevelopment,theycansometimesleadtofeelingsofawkwardnessorself-consciousnessamongteenagers.Socially,adolescenceisacriticaltimefordevelopingrelationshipsoutsidethefamily.Friendsplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinateenager'slife,providingsupport,companionship,andasenseofbelonging.Peerpressure,bothpositiveandnegative,cansignificantlyinfluenceateenager'sbehavioranddecisionsduringthisperiod.Navigatingthesesocialdynamicscanbechallengingbutisessentialforhealthysocialdevelopment.Mentally,teenagersoftenexperienceasurgeincognitiveabilities.Theybecomemorecapableofabstractthinking,criticalreasoning,andproblem-solving.However,thisdevelopmentalsocomeswithemotionalupsanddowns.Hormonalfluctuationsandthestressofnavigatingcomplexsocialsituationscancontributetomoodswingsandanxiety.Itiscrucialforteenagerstodevelopcopingmechanismsandseeksupportwhenneeded.16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethreeaspectsofchangethatoccurduringadolescence?18.Theword"dynamics"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)rulesb)relationshipsc)changesd)conflicts19.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthecognitiveabilitiesofteenagers?20.Whyisitimportantforteenagerstodevelopcopingmechanisms?第二部分閱讀理解（續(xù)）Passage5TheAmazonRainforest,oftenreferredtoasthe"lungsoftheEarth,"isthelargesttropicalrainforestintheworld,spanningseveralcountriesinSouthAmerica.Itplaysavitalroleinregulatingtheglobalclimate,producingasignificantportionoftheworld'soxygen,andhousinganincrediblydiverserangeofplantandanimalspecies.However,thisvitalecosystemisfacingseverethreatsduetohumanactivities.DeforestationisoneofthemostsignificantthreatstotheAmazon.Largeareasoftherainforestarebeingclearedforagriculture,logging,andmining.Thisdestructionnotonlyleadstothelossofbiodiversitybutalsocontributestoclimatechangebyreducingthenumberoftreesthatabsorbcarbondioxide.ThelossoftheAmazon'srichbiodiversityalsohaspotentialconsequencesformedicineandotherscientificdiscoveries.Inadditiontodeforestation,climatechangeisexacerbatingthethreatstotheAmazon.Risingtemperaturesandchangingrainfallpatternscanleadtodroughts,whichmaketherainforestmoresusceptibletofires.Thesefirescan蔓延vastareasoftheforest,causingfurtherdestructionandreleasinglargeamountsofcarbonintotheatmosphere.ConservationeffortsarecriticaltoprotecttheAmazonRainforest.Theseeffortsincludeestablishingprotectedareas,enforcinganti-deforestationlaws,andpromotingsustainablepractices.Internationalcooperationisalsoessential,asthehealthoftheAmazonaffectstheentireplanet.RaisingawarenessabouttheimportanceoftheAmazonandsupportingorganizationsdedicatedtoitspreservationareactionsthatindividualscantaketocontributetoitsprotection.21.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?22.Accordingtothepassage,whataretwohumanactivitiescontributingtothedestructionoftheAmazonRainforest?23.Theword"exacerbating"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)improvingb)worseningc)startingd)studying24.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestindividualscandotohelpprotecttheAmazonRainforest?25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Passage6Technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywelearn.Onlinelearningplatforms,educationalapps,anddigitalresourceshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletoaccesseducationfromanywhere,atanytime.Thishasopenedupnewopportunitiesforlifelonglearningandskilldevelopment.However,theriseoftechnologyineducationalsoraisessomeimportantquestionsandchallenges.Oneofthemainadvantagesoftechnologyineducationisitsflexibilityandaccessibility.Studentscanlearnattheirownpace,revisitlessonsasneeded,andaccessawealthofresourceswithjustafewclicks.Thisisparticularlybeneficialforpeoplewholiveinremoteareasorhavebusyschedules.Technologyalsoallowsforpersonalizedlearningexperiences,asadaptivelearningplatformscantailorcontenttoindividualstudentneedsandweaknesses.Despitethesebenefits,therearealsochallengestoconsider.Noteveryonehasequalaccesstotechnology,creatingadigitaldividethatcanexacerbateeducationalinequalities.Additionally,thequalityofonlinelearningresourcescanvarygreatly,anditcanbedifficulttoensurethatstudentsarereceivingaccurateandup-to-dateinformation.Overrelianceontechnologycanalsoleadtoreducedface-to-faceinteraction,whichisimportantforsocialandemotionaldevelopment.Thefutureofeducationwilllikelyinvolveablendoftraditionalmethodsandtechnologicalinnovation.Thekeyistousetechnologyasatooltoenhancelearning,notreplaceit.Educatorsneedtobetrainedtoeffectivelyintegratetechnologyintotheirteachingpracticesandguidestudentsinusingthesetoolsresponsiblyandethically.Parentsandpolicymakersalsohavearoletoplayinensuringthattechnologyisusedtosupport,ratherthanhinder,educationalprogress.26.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?27.Accordingtothepassage,whataretwoadvantagesoftechnologyineducation?28.Theword"exacerbate"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:a)reduceb)worsenc)created)improve29.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestistheroleofeducatorsintheageoftechnology?30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解Passage11.TodiscussthebenefitsandproblemsoftheInternetandsuggestwaystouseitresponsibly.2.Thespreadofmisinformation.3.Verifythecredibilityofonlinesourcesbeforeacceptinginformationastrue.4.b)encourage5.Neutral;theauthorpresentsbenefitsandproblemsfairly.Passage26.Humanactivities,especiallytheburningoffossilfuels.7.Risingsealevels,morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,lossofbiodiversity.8.Implementstricterenvironmentalregulationsandpromotesustainablepractices.9.b)severe10.TherapiddevelopmentoftheInternetbringssomeproblemsthatneedattention.Passage311.Glocalizationistheadaptationofglobalproducts,services,ormessagestosuitlocalcultures.12.Toresonatebetterwithlocalconsumersandovercomeculturalbarriers.13.b)connect14.Mediaandentertainment.15.Glocalizationallowsglobalcontenttobeadaptedtofitlocalcultureswhilestillbeingglobal.Passage416.Adolescence,aperiodofsignificantphysical,emotional,andsocialchange.17.Physicalchanges(hormonalshifts,growthspurts),emotionalchanges(moodswings,anxiety),socialchanges(developingrelationships,peerpressure).18.b)relationships19.Teenagersbecomemorecapableofabstractthinking,criticalreasoning,andproblem-solving.20.Tocopewiththeemotionalupsanddownsandstresstheyexperience.Passage521.ToexplaintheimportanceoftheAmazonRainforestandthethreatsitfaces.22.Agricultureandlogging.23.b)worsening24.Raisingawarenessaboutitsimportanceandsupportingorganizationsdedicatedtoitspreservation.25.TheAmazonRainforestisavitalecosystemfacingseverethreatsduetohumanactivitiesandclimatechange.Passage626.Technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywelearn,butraisesimportantquestionsandchallenges.27.Flexibilityandaccessibility,personalizedlearningexperiences.28.b)worsen29.Guidestudentsinusingthesetoolsresponsiblyandethically.30.Technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywelearn,butraisesimportantquestionsandchallenges.---解析思路第一部分閱讀理解Passage11.思路：通讀全文，文章開(kāi)頭提出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的好處和問(wèn)題，中間段落詳細(xì)論述了問(wèn)題（虛假信息、網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌），最后段落再次強(qiáng)調(diào)要負(fù)責(zé)任地使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。結(jié)合全文，可知主要目的是討論互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利弊并提出使用建議。2.思路：關(guān)注文章第二段首句"Onemajorissueisthespreadofmisinformation."這句直接點(diǎn)明了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展帶來(lái)的一個(gè)主要負(fù)面問(wèn)題。3.思路：關(guān)注文章第二段后半部分"Itiscrucialforindividualstodevelopcriticalthinkingskillsandverifythecredibilityofonlinesourcesbeforeacceptinginformationastrue."這句明確建議個(gè)人要驗(yàn)證網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息的可信度。4.思路：理解"embolden"的含義需要結(jié)合上下文。根據(jù)上下文，匿名性讓一些人敢于欺負(fù)他人，所以"embolden"是鼓勵(lì)、使有勇氣的意思，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)b)。5.思路：通讀全文，作者客觀地介紹了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利弊，并提出了使用建議，語(yǔ)氣較為中立，沒(méi)有明顯的褒貶傾向。Passage26.思路：關(guān)注文章第二段首句"Itreferstolong-termchanges...primarilycausedbyhumanactivities,especiallytheburningoffossilfuels."這句指出了氣候變化的根本原因。7.思路：關(guān)注文章第三段，列舉了氣候變化的三個(gè)主要后果：第一句提到"Risingsealevelsthreatencoastalcommunities..."；第二句提到"Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents...causesignificantdamage..."；第三句提到"Lossofbiodiversityisanothercriticalimpact..."。8.思路：關(guān)注文章第四段，明確提到"Governmentsneedtoimplementstricterenvironmentalregulationsandpromotesustainablepractices."這是作者建議政府采取的措施。9.思路：理解"devastating"的含義。根據(jù)上下文，氣候變化的影響是廣泛而毀滅性的，"devastating"意為造成巨大破壞的，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)b)severe。10.思路：概括全文主旨。文章第一段提出氣候變化的定義和原因，第二段闡述其后果，第三段提出應(yīng)對(duì)措施。綜合來(lái)看，文章主要討論了氣候變化的嚴(yán)重性及其帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。11.思路：通讀全文，文章主要解釋了“全球本土化”的概念（第一段），并舉例說(shuō)明了它在食品行業(yè)（第二段）和媒體娛樂(lè)業(yè)（第三段）的應(yīng)用。核心是解釋概念及其意義。12.思路：關(guān)注文章第二段末句"Thisstrategyhelpsthesecompaniestoresonatebetterwithlocalconsumersandovercomeculturalbarriers."說(shuō)明公司進(jìn)行全球本土化是為了更好地與當(dāng)?shù)叵M(fèi)者建立聯(lián)系（引起共鳴），克服文化障礙。13.思路：理解"resonate"的含義。根據(jù)上下文，麥當(dāng)勞的本地化菜單讓公司能更好地與當(dāng)?shù)叵M(fèi)者聯(lián)系起來(lái)，"resonate"意為引起共鳴、產(chǎn)生共鳴，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)b)connect。14.思路：根據(jù)文章第三段"Hollywoodmovies,forexample,sometimesincludeculturallyspecificelementsordubthem..."可知，除了食品行業(yè)，媒體娛樂(lè)業(yè)也是全球本土化的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。15.思路：結(jié)合全文，文章先解釋了全球化和全球本土化的概念，然后通過(guò)例子說(shuō)明全球本土化是將全球內(nèi)容適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?，反之亦然，體現(xiàn)了全球與本土