Unit3

FitforlifeExtendedreadingLeading-inWhatishappeninginthepictures?Theyarereceivingacupuncturetreatment.TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)therapiesherbal

medicinecuppingacupuncturescrapingtherapymassagemoxibustionAcupuncture:magicneedles/??kjup??kt??r/Whatdoesitmean?ParagraphsMainideasParas._____Whatisthehistoryofacupuncture？Paras._____Howdoestheacupuncturisttreatthepatient？Para._____Whathealthproblemscanittreat？Para._____Howdoesacupuncturework？Para._____Whatisitsinfluenceworldwide？1&23&4567Trytofigureoutthestructureandfillintheblanks.Fast-readingQ:Whatchangeshaveacupunctureneedlesexperienced?(para2)materialshapeBianstoneStoneneedlesstainlesssteelgoldsilverMetalneedlesStainlesssteelneedlesfinesharpneedlesmeasuring15to17mmNinedifferentkindsofneedles

with

variationsinshapeDetailed-readingQ:Howdoacupuncturiststreatpatients?(para3)patient'sskinandtongue(舌頭)lookinglisteningaskingfeelingaboutthepatient'sconditionthepatient'spulse(脈搏)examinationsmellingbreaththesoundofthepatient’svoiceandbreathingspread(傳播)toAsian(亞洲)countries6thcentury16thcenturyintrodeced(引入)totheWest(西方)UNESCO聯(lián)合國教科文組織

includedintheIntangibleCulturalHeritagelist將其列入非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄2010todayQ:What’stheinfluenceofacupuncture?(para7)WHO

世界衛(wèi)生組織recommendsitasatreatmentforover100medicalproblems推薦它作為100多種醫(yī)療問題的治療方法

OneofthemostfamousChinesemedicaltreatmentsistheartof“magicneedles”,orChineseacupuncture.Itwasdevelopedlongago,perhapsasearlyas2000BCE.Thereisevidencethatacupuncturedatesbackto

theStoneAge,whenstonetoolscalledbianwereusedtopressareasofthebody.

在最負盛名的中國醫(yī)術(shù)中，有一種“神針”之術(shù)，即針灸。這種醫(yī)術(shù)歷史悠久，最早或起源于公元前2000年。有證據(jù)顯示，針刺療法始于石器時代，當(dāng)時一種名為“砭”的石器被用來按壓身體部位。para.1OneofthemostfamousChinesemedicaltreatmentsistheartof“magicneedles”,orChineseacupuncture.Itwasdevelopedlongago,perhapsasearlyas2000BCE.(lines1-2)e.g.geology,orthescienceoftheearth'scrustItweighsakilo,orjustovertwopounds.“or”（用于引出解釋性詞語）“或者說”ThereisevidencethatacupuncturedatesbacktotheStoneAge,whenstonetoolscalledbianwereusedtopressareasofthebody.

(lines3-4)引導(dǎo)同位語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句done作后置定語

修飾stonetoolsdatesbackto=datefrom追溯到..../始于...一般不用于進行時態(tài)。作后置定語時,常用動詞-ing形式。拓展：outofdate過時的,陳舊的uptodate最近的,新式的set/fixadate定日期Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthetower,___________datesfrom/backtoasearlyas800yearsago.Allthesetreesareover800yearsold,withsome________(date)backto1,000yearsago.Allthephotographsinthisbook,unlessstatedotherwise,date________the1950s.Translation:我家有個花瓶，據(jù)說是從明代傳下來的。Myfamilyhasavase,whichissaidtodatebacktoMingdynasty.whichdatingfromPractice1)Wefoundfurtherscientific__________(evident)forthistheory.2)Itwasevident________methathewasnottellingthetruth.3)Thereisevidence______acupuncturedatesbacktotheStoneAge.evidencetothat(1)evident adj. 明顯的；清楚的Itisevidentthat... 很明顯……(2)evidently adv. 明顯地ThereisevidencethatacupuncturedatesbacktotheStoneAge，whenstonetoolscalledbianwereusedtopressareasofthebody.這是一個復(fù)合句。that

連接的是同位語從句，說明evidence的具體內(nèi)容；when引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾theStoneAge。(1)同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種，在句中起名詞的作用，一般放在某些表示事實意義的名詞之后，對該名詞做進一步的解釋或補充說明。ThethoughtcametomethatIleftmybooksinthebus.ThereisnodoubtthatIamfitforthisjob.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Hecan'tanswerthequestionhowhegotthemoney.(2)可接同位語從句的名詞往往是一些抽象名詞,常見的有story,news,fact,answer,reply,idea,message,hope,word,doubt,problem,question,thought,report,discovery,order,truth,fear,suggestion,proposal,promise,belief,possibility,information,view,rumor等。(3)同位語從句大多由連接詞that引導(dǎo)，有時也可由連接代詞what,who或連接副詞why,how,when,where等引導(dǎo)。Asacupuncturedeveloped,thesimplebianstoneswerereplacedby

stoneneedles.Eventually,metalneedlesbegantoappearandtooktheplaceofstoneneedles.Thesesolidneedlesaremadeofdifferentmetals,suchasgoldandsilver.Someacupuncturiststodaystillusegoldandsilverneedles,butthemajorityhavenowswitchedto

stainlesssteelones.隨著針刺療法的發(fā)展，簡單的砭被石針替代。最終金屬針開始出現(xiàn)并取代了石針。這些實心的針由不同的金屬制成，例如金和銀。如今一些針療醫(yī)師仍在使用金針或銀針，但多數(shù)醫(yī)師已經(jīng)改用不銹鋼針了。para.2Inadditiontothechangesinmaterial,theshapesoftheneedleshavealsochanged

overtime.Originally,therewereninedifferentkindsofneedles,withvariationsinshape.Nowadays,thefinesharpneedlesthatmeasureusuallybetween15and75millimetresinlengtharestillused,whilemostoftheothershavebeenreplacedbymorecomplexmedicalinstruments.除了材質(zhì)變化，針的形狀也在逐漸改變。起初有九種不同類型的針，形狀各不相同。現(xiàn)在針刺療法中仍在使用的是又尖又細、長度一般在15至75毫米之間的針，而大部分其他類型的針都被更復(fù)雜的醫(yī)療器械取代了。

Someacupuncturiststodaystillusegoldandsilverneedles,butthemajorityhavenowswitchedtostainlesssteelones.(lines8-9)majority

n.多數(shù)，多半

a/themajorityof+不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式

+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式themajority

單獨作主語,謂語動詞單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)均可1)Whenthemanagerspokeouthisplan,the____oftheemployees_____againstit.A.majority;were B.most;were C.most;did D.majority;didAmaximum意為"最大限量;最高點";minority意為"少數(shù),半數(shù)以下";majority意為"大多數(shù)";minimum意為"最低限度,最低點"。Asacupuncturedeveloped,thesimplebianstoneswerereplacedbystoneneedles.(line5)Eventually,metalneedlesbegantoappearandtooktheplaceofstoneneedls.(line6)Mostoftheothershavebeenreplacedbymorecomplexmedicalinstruments.(lines12-13)beinplaceof

sb./sth.;代替某人或某物

inone’splace;代替某人，處于某人的位置taketheplaceofsb./sth.;takeone’splace代替/取代...(某人)replacesb./bereplacedby

代替/取代...(某人)inplace

在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胦utofplace

不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?不合適的;不恰當(dāng)?shù)膇nthefirstplace

首先put…inplace

準(zhǔn)備就緒【拓展】takeplace發(fā)生；舉行1.Themanagerresignedlastweekandthecompanyfounditdifficulttofindanablemanto____him.A.takeintheplaceofB.takeplaceofC.taketheplaceofD.takeplace2.Thefamousparkwas____placeofbeautybeforetheattacktook____place.A.a;aB.a;/C.the;theD.the;a3.Manypeopleinthecreditindustryexpectthatcreditcardswilleventually____papermoneyforalmosteverypurchase.A.exchangeB.reduceC.replaceD.tradeCBCPractice4.Hisbehaviouratthepartylastnightseemedrather____,whichsurprisedmanyofus.A.outofpracticeB.outofenvy C.outofplace D.outofshape5.Havinglivedinthetownforquiteafewyears,Mr.Johnsonnolongerfelt____amongthelocalpeople.A.outoforderB.outofplaceC.outofcontrolD.outofthequestionCB

不可能

Someacupuncturiststodaystillusegoldandsilverneedles，butthemajorityhavenowswitchedtostainlesssteelones.【語境應(yīng)用】寫出下列各句中switch的詞性及意思。1)Doyouthinkshe’llnoticeifIswitchmyglasswithhers?__________2)Ifyoupressthatswitch,thelightwillcomeon.__________3)Wehadtomakeaswitchinourplan.__________4)Pressthesetwokeystoswitchbetweendocumentsonscreen.__________v.

交換n.

開關(guān)n.

改變v.

調(diào)換Telltheboyto________________asheleavestheroom.告訴男孩，離開房間時關(guān)掉所有的燈。Hewassittingonthesofa,_____________________thelight.他坐在沙發(fā)上，太懶了不想去開燈。Weaskedthemiftheywouldswitchplaces_______us.Sheworkedasalibrarianandthenswitched________journalism.switchoffalllightstoolazytoswitchonwithtoswitchon把……打開，接通switchoff把……關(guān)掉，關(guān)上switchover

轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，轉(zhuǎn)變switchwith

與某人交換switchfrom...to...(between...and...)改變，轉(zhuǎn)變Nowadays,thefinesharpneedlesthat

measureusuallybetween15and75milimetresinlengtharestillused,whilemostoftheothershavebeenreplacedbymorecomplexmedicalinstruments.(lines11-13)Practice這款毯子長20英寸寬12英寸。Theblanketmeasures20inchesinlengthand12inchesinwidth.Theblanket__________(measure)20×12inchessellswell.Theblanketthat__________(measure)20×12inchessellswell.measuring

=long=widemeasures

引導(dǎo)定語從句連接并列句“然而”measurev.測量/衡量；量度為n.衡量/措施Sowhathappensduringavisittotheacupunctureclinic?First,theacupuncturist

examinesthepatient,lookingatthepatient'sskinandtongue,listeningtothesoundofhisorhervoiceandbreathing,andsmellinghisorherbreath.Thentheacupuncturistaskssomequestionsaboutthepatient'sconditionandfeelshisorherpulse.那么，去針療診所診療時會發(fā)生什么呢？首先，針療醫(yī)師會對患者作一番檢查，看一下患者的皮膚和舌頭，聽聽講話和呼吸的聲音，再聞一下患者呼出的氣息。接著，針療醫(yī)師會就患者的身體狀況問一些問題，然后搭脈。para.3Thisisaparticularlyimportantstepaccordingtotheenergytheorybehindacupuncture.Theacupuncturistcancheckthepulseinthreepositionsoneachwrist,andeveryoneofthemisconnectedwithamajorbodyorgan.Bycheckingallthepositions,theacupuncturistcanfindoutwhichenergychanneldoesnothaveenoughenergy.根據(jù)針刺療法背后的能量理論，搭脈這項步驟是尤為重要的。針療醫(yī)師能夠在每只手腕的三個部位檢查脈象，每一處都對應(yīng)身體的一個主要器官。檢查過所有的部位后，針療醫(yī)師便能知道哪條經(jīng)絡(luò)的能量比較弱。

Accordingtotheresultsofthecheck-up,theacupuncturistthenselectscertainpointsonthebodycalledacupuncturepoints.Needlesarepushedintotheskinatthesepointssothatahealthproblemcanbetreated.Uptonow,morethan360acupuncturepointshavebeenidentified,eachlinkedtoadifferentpartofthebody.Sometimestheneedlesarepushedintopointsnearthebodypartaffectedbyadisease,andsometimesintopointsthatarenotsoclosetoit.

根據(jù)診斷結(jié)果，針療醫(yī)師隨后會在患者身上選定一些針刺療法的點，這些點稱作穴位。針從穴位推入皮膚，從而治療一項疾病。目前為止已有360多個穴位被確認，每個穴位對應(yīng)著身體的不同部位。下針的穴位有時在患病部位附近，有時又并不靠近。para.4Uptonow,morethan360acupuncturepointshavebeenidentified,eachlinkedtoadifferentpartofthebody.eachlinkedtoadifferentpartofthebody是

，本句中，each為過去分詞短語linkedtoadifferentpartofthebody的邏輯主語。該結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一致，主要作狀語，可表示方式、時間、原因、條件等，其構(gòu)成方式有以下幾種:Weatherpermitting,we'llgocampingtomorrow.Somanypeopletohelpus,wearesuretosucceed.Herglassesbroken,shecouldn'tseethewordsontheblackboard.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,eyesopen.Manypeoplejoinedinthework,someofthemwomenandchildren.名詞/代詞+doing名詞/代詞+todo名詞/代詞+done名詞/代詞+adj./adv.名詞/代詞+n.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(1)如果天氣允許，我們明天去露營。Weather

(permit),we’llgocampingtomorrow.(2)大雨傾盆，人們都涌向了商店。Rain

(pour),peopleallrushedtothestores.(3)她的眼鏡摔碎了,她看不到黑板上的字。

,shecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboard.(4)由于有太多的功課要做，我被禁止出去踢足球。

，Iwasprohibitedfromgoingouttoplayfootball.(5)共有20名學(xué)生被選中參加比賽，其中一半是女孩。Altogethertwentystudentshavebeenselectedtoparticipateinthecompetition，

.permittingpouringHerglassesbrokenSomuchhomeworktodohalfofthemgirls

Overtheyears,acupuncturehasbeenusedtotreatawidevarietyofhealthproblems,includingseverepains,bloodpressureissues,stomachdiscomfort,sportsinjuriesandweightproblems.Andithasbeenusedtotreatmorethanjustphysicalproblems—acupuncturistshavediscoveredthatthetreatmenthelpswithmentalproblemslike

depressionandanxietytoo.Acupuncturehasalsobeenappliedtotreatpeoplewhoabusealcohol,tobaccoordrugs.

多年來，針刺療法被用來治療各種各樣的健康問題，包括劇烈疼痛、血壓問題、腸胃不適、運動損傷和體重問題等。而且它不僅適用于治療身體疾患——針療醫(yī)師們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種療法對抑郁、焦慮等心理問題也有效果。此外，針刺療法也用來治療嗜酒、嗜煙、嗜毒人群。para.5句意：包括嚴(yán)重疼痛、血壓問題、胃部不適、運動損傷和體重問題。...includingseverepains,bloodpressureissues,stomachdiscomfort,sportsinjuriesandweightproblems.例：她聽出他聲音里的不安。

Shehearsthe__________inhisvoice.discomfortn.不適，不安；不便之處discomfort【拓展】dis做前綴的詞還有哪些？dislike不喜歡

disorder無秩序

disappear消失dishonest不誠實的

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)discourage使失去勇氣

disarm解除武裝句意：針灸師發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種療法對抑郁癥和焦慮癥等心理問題也有幫助。...acupuncturistshavediscoverdthatthetreatmenthelpswithmentalproblemslikedepressionandanxietytoo.anxietyn.焦慮；擔(dān)心；渴望anxiousadj.焦慮的；擔(dān)憂的

anxiouslybeanxiousfor/aboutbeanxiousforsth.beanxioustodosth.beanxiousforsb.todosth.為……擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂渴望……1)There'stensionand________(anxious)fromthebeginning.2)Theyarewaiting___________(anxious)toseewhowillpersuadehim.3)Whywassheso_____________________(渴望我留下)?4)Parentsarenaturally_______________________(為他們的孩子擔(dān)心).5)Hehas_____________________(強烈渴望獲勝)intherace.anxiousformetostay

anxiousfortheirchildren

astronganxietytowinanxietyanxiouslyPractice

Howacupunctureactuallyworksisnotclearlyunderstood.Forexample,therearedifferenttheoriestryingtoexplainhowiteasespain,butnoagreementhasbeenreached.Onetheoryexplainingthisphenomenon

suggeststhatacupunctureblockspainsignals

fromreachingthebrain.Anothertheoryrelatesacupuncturetotheproductionofasubstanceinthebodywhichcanreducepain.

針刺療法究竟是怎樣產(chǎn)生療效的，這個問題尚不清楚。例如，有幾種不同的理論試圖解釋針刺療法如何緩解疼痛，但至今仍然莫衷一是。一種理論認為這種現(xiàn)象源于針刺療法阻斷了痛感信號向大腦的傳導(dǎo)。另一種理論認為針刺療法促使身體產(chǎn)生了某種有鎮(zhèn)痛作用的物質(zhì)。para.6

Onetheoryexplainingthisphenomenonsuggeststhatacupunctureblockspainsignalsfromreachingthebrain.Anothertheoryrelatesacupuncturetotheproductionofasubstanceinthebodywhichcanreducepain.(lines37-39)blockv.堵塞，擋?。ā穆罚钃酰▽κ郑?/p>

n.一組，大樓，大廈，街區(qū)，大塊blocksb/sth(from)doing/beingdone

Despitetheuncertaintyaboutitsmedicalbasis,acupuncturehasbecomeapopularformoftreatment.AsauniquecontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicine,acupuncturespreadtomanyotherAsiancountries,suchasJapan,asearlyasthe6thcentury.Itwasintroducedto

theWestaroundthe16thcentury.In2010,acupuncturewasincludedintheUNESCOListofIntangibleCulturalHeritage.

盡管其醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)尚不明確，針刺療法已然成為一種廣受歡迎的療法。作為傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)的一項獨特貢獻，針刺療法傳播到了亞洲的許多其他國家，最早在公元6世紀(jì)便已傳入日本。公元16世紀(jì)左右，針刺療法又傳到了西方。2010年，針刺療法被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。para.7Today,acupunctureisrecognizedasasymboloftraditionalChinesecultureandhascomeintowidespreadusearoundtheworld.TheWorldHealthOrganization

recommendsacupunctureasagoodtreatmentforover100medicalproblems.Whiledoubtsaboutitssafetyhavegraduallydisappeared,interestcontinuestogrow.如今，針刺療法成為了中國傳統(tǒng)文化的一個符號，并且在世界各地得到廣泛應(yīng)用。世界衛(wèi)生組織將針刺療法推薦為百余種健康問題的良好療法。關(guān)于其安全性的種種疑慮逐漸消失了，人們對它的興趣正與日俱增。para.7Today,acupunctureisrecognizedasasymboloftraditionalChinesecultureandhascomeintowidespreadusearoundtheworld.如今，針灸成為了中國傳統(tǒng)文化的一個符號，并且在世界各地得到廣泛使用。symboln.1)

象征（常與介詞of連用）；2)符號，代號

e.g.Thedoveisasymbolofpeace.

Aheartshapeisthe

symbol

oflove.

OneofthemostfamousChinesemedicaltreatmentsisChineseacupuncture,whichdatesback1._____theStoneAge.Stonetoolswereusedtopressareasofthebody,2.________(replace)bystoneneedleslater.3.___________(original),therewereninedifferentkindsofneedles,withvariationsinshape.Duringavisittotheacupunctureclinic,theacupuncturistfirstexaminesthepatient,thenfollowedby4.______(ask)somequestionsaboutthepatient’sconditionandfeelinghisorherpulse.Allcheckupsaremade5.________(select)certainpointsonthebodycalledacupuncturepoints.Needlesarepush