By142452620丁立萍1.Content1Timeline

1.11880s–1924:TheoriginofIBM1.21925–1979:IBM'searlygrowthandthrive1.31980–1989:Informationrevolution,riseofsoftwareandPCindustries1.41990–1999:IBM'sdisasterandrebirth1.52000tonow:Recenttrends2Majorevents,trends,andtechnologies

2.1EvolutionofIBM'scomputerhardware2.2EvolutionofIBM'soperatingsystems2.3Non-computerlinesofbusiness3IBMcultureSamuelPalmisano2.1880s–1924:TheoriginofIBMTabulatingMachineCorporationInternationalBusinessMachinesCorporation（IBM）theTabulatingMachineCompanytheInternationalTimeRecordingCompanyTheComputingScaleCorporation3.1925–1979:IBM'searlygrowthandthriveBrowningAutomaticRifleM1CarbineIBM7090installation1928New80columnrectangular-holepinchedcardWorldWarⅡBrowningAutomaticRifle,M1Carbine1950sSAGEInterceptorControlSystem1960s“IBMandthesevendwarfs”IBM’sSystem360/series1970sIBM’sSystem370/series4.1980–1989:theriseofsoftwareandPCindustriesT-REXCorporateCenterwheretheIBMPCwascreated.TheoriginalIBMPC1980S/390,ESA/3901981IBMPC$1560MidrangeEndof1980swithdrawalfromtheBICARSAapplicationmarketplaceGeneralSystemsDivision,1970s5.1990–1999:IBM'sdisasterandrebirth

OnOctober5,1992,IBMannouncedthefirstThinkPadlaptopcomputer,the700c.Thecomputer,whichthencostUS$4350,includeda25MHzIntel80486SLprocessor,a10.4-inchactivematrixdisplay,removable120MBharddrive,4MBRAM(expandableto16MB)andaTrackPointIIpointingdevice

aftertwoconsecutiveyearsofreportinglossesinexcessof$1billion,onJanuary19,1993,IBMannouncedaUS$8.10billionlossforthe1992financialyear,whichwasthenthelargestsingle-yearcorporatelossinU.S.historyThatsameyear,LouisV.Gerstner,Jr.joinedIBMandheiswidelycreditedwithturningthecompanyaround(focusonservicesfirstandproductssecond)6.2000tonowRecentTrendsIBM'spatentsof2007IBM'spatenthistory,1993–2005.2002PricewaterhouseCoopersBizSolutionDrivenconsultingservicesSoftwareHardwaretechnologyHigh-valuechipsitsharddiskoperationswassoldtoHitachi20033415patentsBreakingUSrecord2004LenovoGroupPCbusinessnowBusinessconsultingRe-engineeringservices7.EvolutionofIBM'scomputerhardwareIBM700/7000seriesIBM1400seriesSystem/360System/3System/370IBMSeries/1IBM801RISCprocessorIBMPCPowerPCSystem/390AS/400RS/6000zSeriesCellprocessorWorkStation8.EvolutionofIBM'soperatingsystems

OSfamily,including:OS/360,OS/MFT,OS/MVT,OS/VS1,OS/VS2,MVS,OS/390,z/OSDOSfamily,including:DOS/360,DOS/VS,DOS/VSE,z/VSEVMfamily,including:CP/CMS,VM/370,VM/XA,VM/ESA,z/VMSpecialpurposesystems,including:TPF,z/TPFIBMhadimportantoperatingsystemsonotherplatformsaswell,including:AIXfamily,including:AIXLinuxfamily,including:LinuxforpSeries9.Non-computerlinesofbusinessTypewritersTabulatingandotherofficeequipmentWartimearmaments:BrowningAutomaticRifleRealestateInstruments,e.g.medicalinstruments.High-levellanguagesFORTRANPL/ICOBOLPL/S10.IBMCultureRewardMethodExcellentleaders&pleasureworkingsurroundingsHonorBookand“Excellentemployeeofthemonth”HundredpercentclubsProjectManagerpolicy11.HonorBookand“Excellentemp