Q/SZJ191001-2017整車拖鉤牽引強(qiáng)度分析規(guī)范SpecificationofStrengthAnalysisforFullVehicleTowingHook20XX20XX-XX-XX實(shí)施20XX-XX-XX發(fā)布XXXX汽車工程技術(shù)有限公司發(fā)布Q/SZXX-X-2017整車拖鉤牽引強(qiáng)度分析規(guī)范范圍本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了輕型車前后拖鉤牽引強(qiáng)度分析的方法和要求。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于CAE部門整車拖鉤牽引強(qiáng)度分析。規(guī)范性引用文件GB32087-2015輕型汽車牽引裝置術(shù)語和定義拖鉤固定或安裝在汽車上，通過拖繩，拖纜或拖桿等裝置進(jìn)行連接，實(shí)現(xiàn)車輛牽引或被牽引的部件。摘要Abstract本規(guī)范規(guī)定了整車前后拖鉤強(qiáng)度分析的模型建模要求，邊界約束，工況載荷和結(jié)果評(píng)價(jià)方法。Thespecificationprovidesthestrengthanalysismethodsandrequirementsforfrontandreartowinghook.流程圖ProcessFlowDiagramYesYesNo截取/更新Nastran模型Cut/updateNastranmodel轉(zhuǎn)化Abaqus模型TransformAbaqusmodel更新材料和焊點(diǎn)Updatematerial&spot創(chuàng)建接觸對(duì)Setcontactpairs施加載荷和約束Load&constrain提交計(jì)算Submitcomputer滿足要求？OK？結(jié)束End優(yōu)化Optimization圖1流程圖Fig1ProcessFlowDiagram工具描述ToolDescription仿真分析過程中需要用到的如下軟件:Thefollowingsoftwarefacilitatestheanalyticalsimulationprocess:前處理(Preprocessors):Hypermesh求解器(AnalysisCode):Abaqus后處理(Postprocessors):HyperView建模和分析過程Modeling/AnalysisProcedure單位Units分析中所用單位制如下所示:Theunitsusedintheanalysisareasfollows:力(Force) 牛(N)質(zhì)量(Mass) 噸(Ton)長(zhǎng)度(Length) 毫米(mm)時(shí)間(Time) 秒(Second)內(nèi)容Contents分析模型包括拖鉤總成，截取的白車身模型，如拖鉤在副車架上，還應(yīng)包括副車架。截取的前后拖鉤有限元分析模型如圖2和圖3所示：TheanalysismodelcontentincludestheFErepresentationoftowinghookassemblyandthecuttingBIWmodel.Iftowinghookisfixedonthesubframe,itshouldcontainsubframemodel.ThecuttingmodelasfollowFig2andFig3圖2前拖鉤有限元模型Fig2FrontHookFEA圖3后拖鉤有限元模型Fig3RearHookFEA白車身模型截取方法如下：前拖鉤分析時(shí)截取車身前部，從前車門鉸鏈安裝軸線向后350mm處截取，如圖4左圖所示；后拖鉤分析時(shí)截取車身后部，按照?qǐng)D4右圖所示尺寸截取。ThemethodofcuttingBIWmodelasfollow:Forfronttowinghookanalysismodel,cuttingthe350mmdistancefromthehingeaxisoffrontdoortobackward,retainingthefrontpart.Seethefigure4.Forreartowinghookanalysismodel,cuttingthe350mmdistancefromthecornerofrearwheelcovertoforward,retainingthebackpart.Seethefigure4.圖4車身截取模型Fig4CuttingBodyModel坐標(biāo)系CoordinateSystems整車坐標(biāo)系Globalcoordinatesystem建模技巧ModelingTechniques拖鉤與螺紋管之間的連接采用TIE方式連接；車身焊點(diǎn)采用Fastener類型，CONN3D2單元，BEAM屬性；車身焊縫單元采用殼單元進(jìn)行模擬。在拖鉤加載過程中容易出現(xiàn)穿透和干涉的地方增加接觸。網(wǎng)格質(zhì)量要求，翹曲小于12°，雅克比大于0.6，局部應(yīng)力區(qū)域沒有三角形單元，關(guān)鍵安裝點(diǎn)周圍沒有三角形單元，模型三角形單元數(shù)量小于10%，拖鉤及其連接區(qū)域單元細(xì)化。Thelinkbetweentowinghookandscrewedpipeadoptstietype.Thebodyspotadoptsfastenertype,CONN3D2elementandbeamproperty.Thebodyweldusesshellelementtosimulate.Besides,duringtheloadingforceonthetowinghook,themodeladdscontactpairstothewhereeasytopenetrateandinterference.Meshqualityrequirements,Warpage<12,Jacobin>0.6,Notrianglesinlocalstressarea,notriangularelementsaroundkeyfixpoints,Triangleselement<10%,Towinghookandlinkingareasmeshrefine.假設(shè)和限制Assumptions/Limitations假設(shè)Assumptions與物理試驗(yàn)相比較，對(duì)于焊點(diǎn)焊縫失效和鈑金局部撕裂的地方，分析模型假設(shè)沒有焊點(diǎn)焊縫失效和鈑金撕裂。對(duì)于拖鉤螺紋連接處，假設(shè)分析模型沒有螺紋失效。Incomparisonwiththephysicaltest,wherespotweldsmailfailandmaterialmaylocallytear,theanalyticalmodelassumesnoweldsfailureandnomaterialtear.Tothescrewingconnectionoftowinghook,theanalyticalmodelassumesnoscrewingfailure.限制Limitations材料非線性屬性被賦予拖鉤和白車身模型。NonlinearmaterialpropertiesareassignedtothetowinghookandBIWparts.載荷和邊界條件Loads/BoundaryConditions約束Constrain前拖鉤：約束車身截面節(jié)點(diǎn)123DOF，前減震支柱安裝點(diǎn)123DOF；后拖鉤：約束車身截面節(jié)點(diǎn)123DOF，后減震彈簧支座123DOF；Fronttowinghook:CuttingsectionnodesDOF123,frontshocktowerSPCDOF123Reartowinghook:CuttingsectionnodesDOF123,rearspringseatSPCDOF123載荷Load表1工況描述Table1CaseDescription工況Case載荷Load方向Direction工況Case載荷Load方向Direction1F1水平拉伸，卸載Horizontalpull,unloading6F6向左25°壓縮，卸載25°leftpush，unloading2F2水平壓縮，卸載Horizontalpush,unloading7F7向上5°拉伸，卸載5°uppull，unloading3F3向左25°拉伸，卸載25°leftpull，unloading8F8向下5°壓縮，卸載5°downpush，unloading4F4向右25°壓縮，卸載25°rightpush，unloading9F9向下5°拉伸，卸載5°downpull，unloading5F5向右25°拉伸，卸載25°rightpull，unloading10F10向上5°壓縮，卸載5°uppush，unloading注：F1=F2=F3=F4=F5=F6=F7=F8=F9=F10=0.5*整車滿載質(zhì)量*gF1=F2=F3=F4=F5=F6=F7=F8=F9=F10=0.5*grossvehicleweight*g圖5前拖鉤約束與載荷Fig5FrontTowingHookSPC&Load圖6后拖鉤約束與載荷Fig6RearTowingHookSPC&Load結(jié)果Results在odb結(jié)果文件中輸出位移，應(yīng)力和塑性應(yīng)變Outputdisplacement,stressandplasticstraininodbresultfile性能要求PerformanceRequirements拖鉤及其周圍車身部件最大應(yīng)力小于材料抗拉極限，最大塑性應(yīng)變小于5%；車身上殘余位移小于5mmMaxstressoftowhookandaroundbodypartlessthanmaterialUTS,Maxpla