/專題05閱讀技巧與題材歸類：不同文體（記敘、說明、議論）的閱讀方法與常見設(shè)問方式一、記敘文閱讀技巧1.抓住六要素：時間(when)、地點(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、結(jié)果(how)2.理清敘事線索：時間順序、空間順序、事件發(fā)展順序3.分析人物特征：通過語言、動作、心理描寫分析人物性格4.理解環(huán)境描寫：社會環(huán)境描寫和自然環(huán)境描寫的作用5.把握情節(jié)發(fā)展：開端(beginning)、發(fā)展(development)、高潮(climax)、結(jié)局(ending)6.體會作者情感：通過細節(jié)描寫體會作者態(tài)度和情感傾向7.注意修辭手法：比喻(simile)、擬人(personification)、排比(parallelism)等8.理解文章主旨：通過整體閱讀把握文章中心思想重要短語：plotdevelopment情節(jié)發(fā)展characteranalysis人物分析mainidea主旨intheend最后turnout結(jié)果是常見設(shè)問方式：1.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?3.Howdidthecharacterfeelwhen...?4.Whathappenedintheend?5.Whydidthecharacterdo...?6.Whatistherelationshipbetween...?7.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?8.Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?二、說明文閱讀技巧1.抓住說明對象：明確文章說明的事物或事理2.理清說明順序：時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序3.掌握說明方法：舉例子(exemplification)、列數(shù)字(statistics)、作比較(comparison)、分類別(classification)4.理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)：總分式、并列式、遞進式等結(jié)構(gòu)特點5.把握事物特征：通過關(guān)鍵詞語把握說明對象的特征6.注意語言特點：準(zhǔn)確、嚴謹、客觀的語言風(fēng)格7.分析段落關(guān)系：段落之間的邏輯聯(lián)系8.理解專業(yè)術(shù)語：結(jié)合上下文理解專業(yè)詞匯的含義重要短語：forexample例如suchas比如inotherwords換句話說thatistosay也就是說accordingto根據(jù)常見設(shè)問方式：1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?2.Whatisthemainfeatureof...?3.Howdoestheauthorexplain...?4.Whatisthecorrectorderof...?5.Whatmethoddoestheauthoruseto...?6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?三、議論文閱讀技巧1.找出中心論點：明確作者的觀點和主張2.識別論據(jù)類型：事實論據(jù)、數(shù)據(jù)論據(jù)、理論論據(jù)3.分析論證方法：舉例論證、對比論證、因果論證4.理解論證結(jié)構(gòu)：提出問題、分析問題、解決問題5.把握作者態(tài)度：支持(support)、反對(oppose)、中立(neutral)6.識別連接詞語：表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進等關(guān)系的詞語7.分析段落功能：引言段、正文段、結(jié)論段的作用8.評估論證效果：論據(jù)是否充分，論證是否合理重要短語：inmyopinion在我看來frommyperspective從我的角度來看ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面inconclusion總之常見設(shè)問方式：1.Whatistheauthor'smainargument?2.Whatevidencedoestheauthorprovide?3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards...?4.Withwhichstatementwouldtheauthoragree?5.Whatisthepurposeofthe...paragraph?6.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargument?7.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?四、實用文體閱讀技巧1.應(yīng)用文：注意格式特征和實用目的2.新聞報道：抓住5W1H要素3.廣告宣傳：識別宣傳目的和說服技巧4.科技文章：理解專業(yè)術(shù)語和科學(xué)概念5.圖表數(shù)據(jù)：分析數(shù)據(jù)趨勢和相互關(guān)系6.說明書：注意操作步驟和使用注意事項7.書信郵件：理解寫信目的和情感態(tài)度8.公告通知：抓住關(guān)鍵信息和具體要求重要短語：dueto由于asaresult結(jié)果inaddition另外forinstance例如insummary總之常見設(shè)問方式：1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?2.Whoistheintendedaudience?3.Whatshouldyoudoif...?4.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthechart?5.Whatisthedeadlinefor...?6.Howcanyoucontact...?7.Whatistheadvantageof...?8.Wherewouldyouprobablyseethispassage?五、閱讀解題核心技巧1.快速瀏覽(skimming)：快速閱讀獲取大意2.掃讀(scanning)：尋找特定信息3.猜測詞義(guessingmeaning)：通過上下文猜測生詞4.理解指代(understandingreference)：弄清代詞所指內(nèi)容5.推理判斷(makinginferences)：根據(jù)已知信息進行推理6.理解隱含意思(understandingimpliedmeaning)：理解言外之意7.識別寫作目的(identifyingpurpose)：識別作者的寫作意圖8.評價文章(evaluatingthepassage)：評價文章的可信度和價值重要句式：Thepassagemainlydiscusses...文章主要討論...Theauthor'sattitudeis...作者的態(tài)度是...Itcanbeinferredthat...可以推斷出...Theword"..."probablymeans..."..."這個詞可能意思是...Thepurposeofthepassageisto...文章的目的是...一、根據(jù)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thenovelissaid________(translate)intomorethan20languages.【答案】tohavebeentranslated【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：據(jù)說這部小說已經(jīng)被翻譯成20多種語言。besaidtodo是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，translate與novel之間是被動關(guān)系，且動作已完成，故用不定式的完成被動式。2.Notonly________(be)heagreatscientist,buthewasalsoatalentedmusician.【答案】was【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他不僅是一位偉大的科學(xué)家，還是一位有才華的音樂家。notonly位于句首時，其后的句子要用部分倒裝。3.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeetwillbepostponed.【答案】rains【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：如果明天下雨，運動會將被推遲。在條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。4.Theproblemrequires________(deal)withimmediately.【答案】dealing/tobedealt【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這個問題需要立即處理。require后接動名詞表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動式。5.Itisessentialthattheplan________(carry)outsmoothly.【答案】(should)becarried【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：重要的是這個計劃要順利執(zhí)行。在"Itisessentialthat..."句型中，that從句要用虛擬語氣，且plan與carryout之間是被動關(guān)系。6.Bythetimeheretires,he________(work)forthiscompanyfor40years.【答案】willhaveworked【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：到他退休時，他將已經(jīng)為這家公司工作40年了。bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句動作在將來某個時間前完成，用將來完成時。7.Theboywaslastseen________(play)neartheriver.【答案】playing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：有人最后看到這個男孩在河邊玩耍。seesbdoing表示"看到某人正在做某事"。8.Sodifficult________theexamthatmanystudentsfailed.【答案】was【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：考試如此之難，以至于許多學(xué)生不及格。so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，so及其修飾的成分位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。9.I'dratheryou________(nottell)himthenewsyesterday.【答案】hadn'ttold【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：我寧愿你昨天沒有告訴他這個消息。wouldrather后的從句表示過去的情況，用過去完成時。10.Thebuilding________(construct)nowwillbeanewlibrary.【答案】beingconstructed【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：正在建造的那座大樓將是一個新圖書館。building與construct之間是被動關(guān)系，且動作正在進行，用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式。11.Hardly________hebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.【答案】had【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他剛開始講話，觀眾就打斷了他。hardly...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中，hardly位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝，且主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前。12.It'snouse________(cry)overspiltmilk.【答案】crying【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為灑了的牛奶哭泣是沒有用的。It'snousedoing是固定句型，表示"做...沒有用"。13.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool________(be)increasingsteadily.【答案】is【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)正在穩(wěn)步增長。thenumberof作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。14.WereIinyourposition,I________(accept)theoffer.【答案】wouldaccept【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我處在你的位置，我會接受這個提議。這是省略if的虛擬條件句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)。15.Thebookiswellworth________(read)asecondtime.【答案】reading【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這本書很值得再讀一遍。beworthdoing是固定搭配。16.Nosooner________theannouncement________(make)thanprotestsbegan.【答案】had;beenmade【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)和動詞時態(tài)。句意：通知剛一宣布，抗議就開始了。nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中，nosooner位于句首時主句要倒裝，且announcement與make之間是被動關(guān)系。17.Heobjectedto________(treat)likeachild.【答案】beingtreated【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他反對被當(dāng)作孩子對待。objectto中的to是介詞，后接動名詞，且he與treat之間是被動關(guān)系。18.ItisthefirsttimethatI________(visit)thiscity.【答案】havevisited【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這是我第一次訪問這個城市。在"Itisthefirsttimethat..."句型中，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。19.Onlybypracticingconstantly________youimproveyourEnglish.【答案】can【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：只有通過不斷練習(xí)，你才能提高英語水平。"only+狀語"位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。20.Ifeellike________(go)forawalkafterdinner.【答案】going【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：晚飯后我想去散步。feellikedoing是固定搭配，表示"想要做某事"。二、選擇題1.________theprojectintime,weworkeddayandnight.A.FinishingB.TofinishC.FinishedD.Finish【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了及時完成這個項目，我們夜以繼日地工作。此處用不定式作目的狀語。2.Ifhe________myadvice,hewouldn'tbeintroublenow.A.tookB.hastakenC.hadtakenD.takes【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果他當(dāng)時聽了我的建議，現(xiàn)在就不會有麻煩了。表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。3.Notuntilmidnight________working.A.didhestopB.hestoppedC.stoppedheD.hedidstop【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：直到午夜他才停止工作。notuntil位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。4.Thehousewants________,butwecan'tafforditatpresent.A.torepairB.repairingC.repairedD.beingrepaired【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這房子需要修理，但我們目前負擔(dān)不起。wantdoing表示"需要被..."。5.Itisrequiredthateverystudent________thesafetyrules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.hasobeyed【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：要求每個學(xué)生都要遵守安全規(guī)則。在"Itisrequiredthat..."句型中，that從句要用虛擬語氣。6.Bynextyear,she________hereforfiveyears.A.willworkB.willhaveworkedC.hasworkedD.works【答案】B【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：到明年，她將已經(jīng)在這里工作五年了。bynextyear表示將來時間，用將來完成時。7.Soexcited________thathecouldn'tfallasleep.A.washeB.hewasC.didheD.hedid【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他如此興奮，以至于無法入睡。so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，so位于句首時主句要倒裝。8.Iremember________himatthepartylastnight.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.saw【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我記得昨晚在聚會上見過他。rememberdoing表示"記得做過某事"。9.Hadyouarrivedearlier,you________thefamousscientist.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhavemetC.metD.hadmet【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果你早到一些，你就會見到那位著名科學(xué)家了。這是省略if的虛擬條件句，表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。10.Never________suchabeautifulsunsetbefore.A.IhaveseenB.haveIseenC.IsawD.didIsee【答案】B【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我以前從未見過如此美麗的日落。never位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。11.Theteacherdoesn'tpermit________intheclassroom.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.smoked【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：老師不允許在教室里吸煙。permitdoing是固定用法。12.It'stimewe________tobed.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：現(xiàn)在是我們該睡覺的時候了。It'stime后的從句要用虛擬語氣。13.Onlywhenyouhavetriedityourself________howdifficultitis.A.youwillknowB.willyouknowC.youknowD.doyouknow【答案】B【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：只有當(dāng)你親自嘗試過，你才會知道它有多難。"only+狀語從句"位于句首時，主句要倒裝。14.Thefilmisworth________twice.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.seen【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這部電影值得看兩遍。beworthdoing是固定搭配。15.Ifit________foryourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceeded.A.wasnotB.werenotC.hadnotbeenD.hasnotbeen【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：要不是你的幫助，我不會成功。表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。16.Little________abouthisownsafetyatthattime.A.doeshecareB.hecaredC.didhecareD.hecares【答案】C【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：當(dāng)時他幾乎不關(guān)心自己的安全。little位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。17.Isuggestthatwe________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.holdB.heldC.willholdD.haveheld【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：我建議我們開個會來討論這個問題。suggest表示建議時，其后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。18.Thequestionistoodifficult________.A.toanswerB.answeringC.answeredD.tobeanswered【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這個問題太難回答了。too...to...是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，此處用主動形式表示被動意義。19.Notasingleword________whenheheardthebadnews.A.didhesayB.hesaidC.saidheD.doeshesay【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：當(dāng)他聽到這個壞消息時，一句話也沒說。否定詞not位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。20.Heisconsidering________anewcar.A.tobuyB.buyC.buyingD.bought【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他正在考慮買一輛新車。considerdoing是固定搭配。三、閱讀理解A（2025年全國普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語（模擬卷02））TheFIFAWorldCupcametoanendinDecember2022.ButtheloveforsoccerisstillverymuchaliveandwellinZibo,ShandongProvince.Ziboiscalled“thehomeofsoccerball”.It’sthebirthplaceoftheancientChinesesportofcuju.In2004,cujuwontherecognitionofFIFA—soccer’sgoverningbody—astheearliestformofsoccer.TheChinesecharactercumeanstokick.Jumeansanancienttypeofleatherball.Ithasfeathers(羽毛)orgrainchaff(谷糠)inside.TheancientChinesehistoricaltextZhanGuoCesayscujuwasaformofamusementamongcommonpeople.ButduringtheHanDynasty,soldiersplayedcujuforarmytraining.DuringtheTangDynasty,womenplayedcujuattheroyalcourt(朝廷)fortheamusementoftheemperors.ItenteredthegoldenageintheSongDynastywhenitbecamepopularamongeveryclass.Yet,the2,000-year-oldgameslowlygotoutofpeople’slivesduringtheMingDynasty.LiWeipeng,34,fromLinzidistrictofZibocity,isaseventh-generationinheritor(傳承人)ofcuju.Hehasbeenpracticingcujuskillsfor18years.Masteringdifferentcujuskillsisnoteasy.“Atthebeginning,Ispenteighthoursadaypracticingjuggling(顛球)aball.Itwastiring,”LitoldChinaDaily.Henowcanjuggleaballwithhisfootover10,000timesinarow.TeachingstudentscujumovesisapartofLi’sjob.ThetraditionalChinesesportcujuisnowpopularatprimaryandmiddleschoolsinLinzi.“Studentsshowgreatinterestinplayingcuju.Itencouragesmetopromotetheancientsport,”Lisaid.1．WhyisZibocalled“thehomeofsoccerball”?A．Becausecujuwasbornthere. B．Becausepeopletherelovesoccer.C．BecausethereisabranchofFIFA． D．Becausemodernsoccerbeganthere.2．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A．Thewayofmakingcuju. B．Thedevelopmentofcuju.C．Thevalueofcujutotheworld. D．ThepopularityofcujuamongtheChinese.3．IntheMingDynasty,cuju_______.A．wasusedtotrainsoldiers B．wasenjoyedbytheemperorsC．becamepopularamongwomen D．slowlydisappearedinpeople’slives4．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutLiWeipeng?A．Heistheonlyinheritorofcuju.B．Hethinksiteasytolearncujuskills.C．Henowpractisescujueighthoursaday.D．Hepassesdowncujuskillstotheyoungergeneration.5．Whatthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Zibo—acityofsoccerfans B．Cuju—itsyesterdayandtodayC．Soccer—apopularsportinChina D．LiWeipeng—adevotedinstructorofcuju1．A2．B3．D4．D5．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了山東淄博被稱為“足球之鄉(xiāng)”，是古代運動蹴鞠的發(fā)源地。講述了蹴鞠的歷史發(fā)展，包括其在不同朝代的用途和流行程度，還介紹了淄博臨淄的蹴鞠第七代傳承人李為鵬，他練習(xí)蹴鞠技藝多年，并致力于在學(xué)校推廣蹴鞠，如今蹴鞠在當(dāng)?shù)刂行W(xué)頗受歡迎。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ziboiscalledthehomeofsoccerball.It’sthebirthplaceoftheancientChinesesportofcuju.(淄博被稱為“足球之鄉(xiāng)”。它是中國古代蹴鞠運動的發(fā)源地。)”可知，淄博被稱為“足球之鄉(xiāng)”是因為它是古代中國足球運動蹴鞠的發(fā)源地。故選A。2．主旨大意題。第二段主要講述了蹴鞠的發(fā)展歷程，從古代作為民間娛樂活動，到漢代士兵用于軍事訓(xùn)練，再到唐代女性在宮廷中玩蹴鞠供皇帝娛樂，最后在宋代進入黃金時期，但在明代逐漸淡出人們的生活。因此，第二段的主要意思是蹴鞠的發(fā)展過程。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yet,the2,000-year-oldgameslowlygotoutofpeople’slivesduringtheMingDynasty.(然而，這項有著2000多年歷史的游戲在明代逐漸淡出了人們的生活。)”可知，在明代，這項擁有2000多年歷史的運動逐漸淡出了人們的生活。故選D。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TeachingstudentscujumovesisapartofLi’sjob.(教學(xué)生蹴鞠動作是李的工作之一。)”可知，李偉鵬的工作之一是教學(xué)生蹴鞠的動作，即他將蹴鞠技能傳授給了年輕一代。故選D。5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了蹴鞠這一古代中國足球運動的歷史、發(fā)展以及現(xiàn)代傳承情況，特別是通過李偉鵬這一現(xiàn)代傳承人的故事來展現(xiàn)。故選B。B（2026年廣東省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語（模擬卷01））Earthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefeworearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathaveaofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.Themost-talked-aboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.140,000peopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain1976.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChina,inwhich830,000peoplewerekilled.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecoming,andpeoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.6．HowmanypeoplediedintheearthquakeinPortugal?A．About2,000. B．Around90,000. C．Over830,000. D．Above700.7．Whichwastheworstearthquakeeverreported?A．Portugal,1755. B．Japan,1923. C．China,1056. D．America,1906.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beforehand”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Forsure. B．Withcare. C．Byhand. D．Inadvance.9．Peopleoftenworryabouttheearthquakesbecause________.A．weoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecomingB．peoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.C．bothAandBD．strongearthquakesoftenkillthemostpeople.10．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Earthquakesarenotlikelytocausebigfires.B．Earthquakesoftenhitpeopleunexpectedly.C．Mountainouscountrieshavenoearthquakes.D．Strongearthquakesoftenkillthemostpeople.【答案】6．A7．C8．D9．C10．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界各地發(fā)生的一些嚴重地震以及人們對地震感到擔(dān)憂的原因。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.(1755年，葡萄牙發(fā)生了一次有記錄以來最強烈的地震之一。約2000人死亡)”可知，1755年在葡萄牙發(fā)生的地震中，大約有2000人死亡。故選A項。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChina,inwhich830,000peoplewerekilled.Thisearthquakehappenedin1056(.有史以來報道的最嚴重地震也發(fā)生在中國，此次地震造成830,000人死亡，發(fā)生在1056年)”可知，有史以來報道的最嚴重的地震發(fā)生在中國，時間是1056年，那次地震造成了83萬人死亡。故選C項。8．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecoming,andpeoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.(原因是我們常常不知道地震何時來臨，而人們也無法beforehand做好準(zhǔn)備)”可知，人們擔(dān)心地震是因為我們常常不知道地震何時會發(fā)生，。由此可知，劃線詞beforehand與inadvance“提前”意思接近。故選D項。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Earthquakes

worrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhenthe

earthquakesarecoming,andpeoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.(地震使人們非常擔(dān)心。原因是我們常常不知道地震什么時候會來，人們也無法事先做好準(zhǔn)備)”可知，人們擔(dān)心地震的原因是我們常常不知道地震何時會發(fā)生，并且人們無法事先為地震做準(zhǔn)備。故選C項。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.(大多數(shù)人在地震后的火災(zāi)中死亡)”可知，在1923年日本東京、橫濱地區(qū)的地震中，大多數(shù)人死于地震后的火災(zāi)，說明地震有可能引發(fā)大火，所以A選項“Earthquakesarenotlikelytocausebigfires(地震不可能導(dǎo)致火災(zāi))”表述錯誤；根據(jù)最后一段“Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecoming,andpeoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.(原因是我們常常不知道地震什么時候會來，人們也無法事先做好準(zhǔn)備)”可知，我們常常不知道地震何時會發(fā)生，人們無法提前準(zhǔn)備，這意味著地震常常會在意想不到的時候襲擊人們，B選項“Earthquakesoftenhitpeopleunexpectedly(地震經(jīng)常出其不意地襲擊人們)”表述正確；根據(jù)第一段“Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous(多地震的國家通常多山)”可知，地震多發(fā)的國家通常是多山的，C選項“Mountainouscountrieshavenoearthquakes.(多山的國家沒有地震)”表述錯誤；根據(jù)第三段“Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.(并不是所有造成大量人員傷亡的地震都是強震)”可知，強烈的地震并不總是造成最多人死亡的，D選項“Strongearthquakesoftenkillthemostpeople(強烈地震經(jīng)常造成大量人員傷亡)”表述錯誤。故選B項。C（2024-2025學(xué)年度廣東省春季高考英語模擬試題）Imaginethatthebatteryonyourmobilephonehasrunout.Youcan’tmakeanycallsforhelpandnoonecancontactyou.Youareallalone,andwell,notquite.Justreachintoyourpocketandtakeoutapieceofsugar.Putitintothebattery,waitaminuteandyouarebackonthephone.ThankstoacoupleofAmericanscientists,thissituationcouldbecomereal.SwadeshChaudhuriandDerekLovelyhaveinventedthe“bacteria(細菌)battery”.Thiskindofbatterygetsitspowerfrombacteriathateatsugarandturnitintoelectricity.“Thisisaspecialorganism(有機體),”Lovelysaid.“Youcangetenoughelectricitytopoweracellphonebatteryforaboutfourdaysfromaspoonfulofsugar.”Inthepast,bacteriabatterieshavebeenexpensiveandnotlong-lasting.Butthisbatteryusesamoreefficientbacteriumthatcanturn80percentofsugarintoelectricalenergy.Thisis30percentmorethansimilarbatteriescanmanage.Thebacteriabatterycouldbecomeassmallasahouseholdbattery.Itisalsocheapandstable(穩(wěn)定的),becausesugarcanbetakenfromwasteandcrops.Butthesugar-to-electricityprocessisnotsatisfactoryasitcouldtakeweeksforthebacteriatochangeacupofsugarintoelectricity.Anditproduces“greenhouse”gaseswhichpollutetheenvironment.Thescientistsunderstandthereisalotmoreworktobedone.“Itisstillyoung,”saidLovely.“Wherewearenowiswheresolarpowerwas20or30yearsago.”Healsobelievesthebatterywillbeusedinscientificequipmentatthebottomoftheocean.Ocher’sideasincludeusingsugarinthebloodtorunmedicaldevicesinthehumanbodyandtakingsugarfromanimalwastetoprovideenergytopowerhomesinthecountryside.11．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aneffectivewaytorepairthemobilephone. B．Ascientificinventionofanewtypeofbattery.C．Acleanenergytoreducethecarbondioxide. D．Anewkindofmobilephoneanditsfuture.12．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofthenewly-developedbattery?A．Convenient. B．Stable. C．Inexpensive. D．Quick.13．Whichofthefollowingarethescientistsworkingontoimprovethenewbattery?A．Increasethebacteria. B．Solvethepollutionproblem.C．Bringdowntheprice. D．Changethesizeofthebattery.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceactuallymean?A．Thebacteriabatterysharessomesimilaritieswithsolarenergy.B．Scientistswillcontinuetheirworkuntiltheyfindsolarpower.C．Thereisstillmuchroomfortheimprovementofthebacteriabattery.D．Thebacteriabatterywillbeaspopularassolarpowerintwentyorthirtyyears.15．Accordingtothelastparagraph,whowillfindthebacteriabatterylessuseful?A．Divers. B．Farmers. C．Doctors. D．Cooks.11．B12．D13．B14．C15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了一種新發(fā)明“細菌電池”，這種電池的能量從吃糖的細菌中獲取并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，并具體介紹了這種電池的優(yōu)缺點。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，主要講了SwadeshChaudhuri和DerekLovely發(fā)明了一種新型“細菌電池”，這種電池的能量從吃糖的細菌中獲取并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，并具體介紹了這種電池的優(yōu)缺點。故選B。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thebacteriabatterycouldbecomeassmallasahouseholdbattery.Itisalsocheapandstable”可知，這種電池便利，便宜且穩(wěn)定；通過“Butthesugar-to-electricityprocessisnotsatisfactory”，可知糖電轉(zhuǎn)換過程很慢。故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“itcouldtakeweeksforthebacteriatochangeacupofsugarintoelectricity.Anditproduces“greenhouse”gaseswhichpollutetheenvironment.”可知，糖電轉(zhuǎn)換過程很慢以及產(chǎn)生污染環(huán)境的“溫室”氣體，因此可推知，B選項“解決污染問題?！睉?yīng)是科學(xué)家們致力于提高的方面。故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Wherewearenowiswheresolarpowerwas20or30yearsago.”可知，此處說我們現(xiàn)在的情況是20年或30年前太陽能的情況，太陽能技術(shù)在二三十年前也是效率不高并且弊端很多，而現(xiàn)在太陽能技術(shù)已經(jīng)很普及了，說明這種新型電池有很大的提升空間。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，電池將用于海底的科學(xué)設(shè)備，其他的想法包括使用血液中的糖來運行人體內(nèi)的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，以及從動物提取糖，為農(nóng)村地區(qū)的家庭提供能源。通過選項可知，潛水員，農(nóng)民和醫(yī)生都會用上這種電池；而廚師有可能認為電池沒那么有用。故選D。四、完形填空D（2025年全國普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語（模擬卷02））OneSundaymorninginJune,mymotherwalkedintomyroom.“Surprise!”shesaid,proudlyholdingupayellow__1___withblackandwhitestripes.“Imadeitjustforyou.Whatdoyouthink?”Ibitmytongue.HowcouldItellMumitwasthe___2__dressIhadeverseen?“It’sperfectforchurch,”mothercontinuedhappily.“Iwish___3__hadmadeadresslikethisforme.”Toobadyoucan’twearit,Ithought.ButIknewMumhadspentalotoftimeonthedress.Onlytheworld’smostungratefuldaughterwouldrefuse.UnwillinglyI__4___thedress.AllthroughchurchIprayed,“Lord,letmegetoutofhere___5__anyoneseeingme.”EspeciallyDennisPearce,theboyIhadacrush*on.HewasoneofthecutestboysatNeptuneHighSchool.__6___wewereinsomeofthesameclasses,Dennishad___7__takenanynoticeofme.EverytimeIgotnearhim,Ibecametongue-tied.Attheendoftheservice,Ihurriedtothedoor.ButIhadtowaitonthestepswhilemyparentschattedwith___8__friends.Justalittlewhilelonger…ThenoutofthecornerofmyeyeIsawthePearcecoming.BeforeIcould___9__,Denniswasrightbesideme.Istartedtalkingamileaminute,hopingifIkeptituphewouldn’t__10___myawfuldress.“I’mgoingtocollegeinSeptember,”Isaid.“That’sgreat,”Dennisreplied,“Igotacceptedtopoliceacademy.”Tobea__11___ishisdreamallthetime.“Wow!”Isaid.SomehowIkeptthe__12___going.Soonwewerewalkingtotheparkinglottogether.Wefellinlovethroughcollege,andfinallygotmarried.MonthsafterourweddingIaskedDennis__13___herememberedthedayhehadfirstaskedmeout.“YoubetIdo”,hesaid.“Youwerealways___14__inschool,almostcold-hearted.Ididn’tthinkyou’dbemuchfun.Butyouweresolivelywhenwetalkedonthechurchsteps,Iwantedtogettoknowyou__15___.”Maybethatzebra-stripedyellowdresswasn’twhatIwouldhavechosen,butthatdayitwastheperfectdressforme.1．A．coat B．dress C．skirt D．shirt．A．nicest B．coolest C．ugliest D．cheapest3．A．someone B．a(chǎn)nyone C．noone D．everyone4．A．pickup B．takeoff C．puton D．takeup5．A．with B．without C．during D．through6．A．But B．However C．Because D．Although7．A．a(chǎn)lways B．sometimes C．a(chǎn)lmost D．never8．A．his B．her C．my D．their9．A．escape B．run C．return D．say10．A．see B．catch C．notice D．find11．A．policeman B．teacher C．pilot D．soldier12．A．words B．speech C．questions D．conversation13．A．when B．why C．if D．how14．A．a(chǎn)ctive B．quiet C．happy D．sad15．A．easier B．worse C．better D．less1．B．C3．A4．C5．B6．D7．D8．D9．A10．C11．A12．D13．C14．B15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文作者主要講述了自己在高中畢業(yè)后有一次穿著母親做的連衣裙去教堂，遇到了她喜歡的男孩，兩人相談甚歡，最后喜結(jié)連理的故事。1．句意：“驚喜！”她自豪地舉起一件黑白條紋的黃色連衣裙說道。coat外套；dress連衣裙；skirt半裙；shirt襯衫。根據(jù)“Iwish…h(huán)admadeadresslikethisforme.”可知，媽媽給的驚喜是一條連衣裙。故選B。2．句意：我怎么能告訴媽媽這是我見過的最丑的連衣裙？nicest最好的；coolest最酷的；ugliest最丑的；cheapest最便宜的?！癐bitmytongue.HowcouldItellMumitwasthe…dressIhadeverseen?”和“UnwillinglyI…thedress.”可知，作者不喜歡這條裙子，覺得裙子丑。故選C。3．句意：我希望有人為我做了一件這樣的連衣裙。someone某人；anyone任何人；noone沒有人；everyone每人。根據(jù)“It’sperfectforchurch”可知，媽媽認為這條裙子非常適合去教堂，希望有人能夠給她做一件。故選A。4．句意：我不情愿地穿上了這件連衣裙。pickup挑選；takeoff起飛；puton穿上；takeup開始從事。根據(jù)“Onlytheworld’smostungratefuldaughterwouldrefuse.”可知，作者無法拒絕母親，不情愿地穿上了連衣裙。故選C。5．句意：上帝，讓我離開這里，沒有人看見我。with和；without沒有人；during在……期間；through穿過。根據(jù)“Lord,letmegetoutofhere…anyoneseeingme.”和上文內(nèi)容可知，作者認為連衣裙丑，祈禱沒人看到穿著這條裙子的她。故選B。6．句意：雖然我們在同一個班級，丹尼斯從來沒有注意過我。But但是；However然而；Because應(yīng)為；Although雖然。“…wewereinsomeofthesameclasses,Dennishad…takenanynoticeofme.”可知，兩句之間屬于讓步關(guān)系，應(yīng)用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選D。7．句意：雖然我們在同一個班級，丹尼斯從來沒有注意過我。always總是；sometimes有時；almost幾乎；never從不。根據(jù)“…wewereinsomeofthesameclasses,Dennishad…takenanynoticeofme.”和“EverytimeIgotnearhim,Ibecametongue-tied.”可知，丹尼斯應(yīng)是從來沒有注意過作者。故選D。8．句意：但我不得不在臺階上等著，而我的父母卻在和他們的朋友聊天。his他的；her她的；my我的；their他們的。根據(jù)“ButIhadtowaitonthestepswhilemyparentschattedwith…friends.”可知，父母和他們的朋友聊天，我在臺階上等待。故選D。9．句意：我還沒來得及逃跑，丹尼斯就在我身邊。escape逃跑；run跑路；return返回；say說。根據(jù)“‘Lord,letmegetoutofhere…anyoneseeingme.’EspeciallyDennisPearce,theboyIhadacrush*on.”和“ThenoutofthecornerofmyeyeIsawthePearcecoming.”可知，作者看到丹尼斯來了但并不想讓對方看到自己，此處指來不及逃跑。故選A。10．句意：我開始滔滔不絕地說話，希望如果我堅持下去，他不會注意到我那件糟糕的連衣裙。see看到；catch抓?。籲otice注意到；find找到。根據(jù)“hopingifIkeptituphewouldn’t…myawfuldress.”和上文語境可知，作者希望丹尼斯沒有注意到自己穿著丑的連衣裙。故選C。11．句意：當(dāng)警察一直是他的夢想。policeman警察；teacher老師；pilot飛行員；soldier士兵。根據(jù)“Igotacceptedtopol