第十一講：連詞

一、【考點解讀】

連詞是一種虛詞，它是用來連接單詞、短語或句子的詞，在句中不能單獨作句子成

分。連詞按照性質(zhì)可以分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞引導(dǎo)并列句，從屬連詞引導(dǎo)

從句。初中要求掌握的從句有賓語從句、狀語從句與定語從句。

二、【知識講解】

知識點1——連詞分類

1.并列連詞

使用方法例示

and,連接并列部分，用于肯定句,否定句變orTomandIarestudents.

both…and兩者都(兩者都強調(diào)，主語當(dāng)做復(fù)數(shù))BothTomandIarestudents.

notonly…but(also)不但…而且(就近原則)NotonlyTombutalsoIamastudent.

neither…nor既不……也不……(就近原則)Neitheryounorheisastudent.

aswellas,with,togetherwith也(就遠原則)They,aswellastheirteacher,comehere.

1）表示連接兩個同等概念

2)表示選擇的并列結(jié)構(gòu)

a.or"或者"

b.either…or"或者……或者……"(就近原則)EitheryouorIamright.

3)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?/p>

a.but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比

Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.

b.not…but…"不是……而是……"

4)表示因果關(guān)系

a.for是并列連詞，不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個分句中間

b.so,therefore

2.從屬連詞

1)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的從屬連詞有：that,if,whether,what,where,how等特殊疑問詞；

2)引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞：

從句種類主要從屬連詞

時間狀語從句when,while,as,assoonas,since,before,after,(not)until,till等

條件狀語從句if,unless

目的狀語從句inorderthat,sothat

結(jié)果狀語從句so…that,such…that,so(that),so

原因狀語從句because,as,since,nowthat

讓步狀語從句although,though

比較狀語從句as…as,than,notas/so…as,themore…themore

*地點狀語從句where,anywhere,everywhere

a.時間狀語從句中的連詞

時間狀語從句是由when,as,while,after,before,since,until,assoonas等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的狀

語從句。

連詞用法

1.when當(dāng)…的時候

2.while①當(dāng)……時

表示主從句的動作同時發(fā)生,while后引導(dǎo)的狀語從

句的動詞必須是持續(xù)動詞或狀態(tài)，用進行時；

②表示對比，解釋為“而”

3.assoonas一…..就……（主將從現(xiàn)）

4.since自……以來（主句用延續(xù)性動詞或者表狀態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時）

5.till/untiltill在口語中用的較多，主句（延續(xù)性動詞）+till/until...

主句（含有否定詞,動詞是瞬間動詞）+until....

b.條件狀語從句中的連詞：if,unless(=if…not)

連詞從句（一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)）主句（一般將來時態(tài)）

ifIfitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgotothepark

Unles（sifnot）unlessyouworkhard,youwon’tcatchtheotherstudents

句轉(zhuǎn)Workhardoryouwon’tcatchtheotherstudents

c.原因狀語從句中的連詞:because,since,as,nowthat

連詞含義備注

because在語氣上最重,表示的是直接理由,回答why的問題。從句位置可前課后

例Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.

Since/nowthat表示雙方已知的事實或理由，強調(diào)未發(fā)生的結(jié)果。從句通常置于句首

since/nowthateverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.

as表示對方已知的理由，僅作附加說明，多用于口語。從句通常置于句首

Asyouareinpoorhealth,Youshouldn’tstayuplate.

d.結(jié)果狀語從句中的連詞

連詞so…that,such…that(如此…….以至于…….)

?？夹问酵x句轉(zhuǎn)換

so/such…that+肯定句…adj./adv.+enough(+forsb.)todosth.

so/such…that+否定句too+adj./adv+(+forsb.)todosth.=notadj./adv.+enough(+forsb.)todosth.

e.目的狀語從句中的連詞

目的狀語從句中的連詞sothat,inorderthat

?？夹问酵x句轉(zhuǎn)換

主句+sothat/inorderthat+從句(肯定)=…inorderto/soastodosth.

主句+sothat/inorderthat+從句(否定)=…inordernotto/soasnottodosth.

Hewalkedfastsothathecouldgetthereontime.=Hewalkedfastinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.

Hewalkedquicklyinordertogetthereontime.=Hewalkedquicklysoastogetthereontime.

f.讓步狀語從句中的連詞:though,although

though,although都不能和but連用,但是他們都可以同yet(still)連用

三、【典例探究】

【例題1】：

1.Thesuitcaseisveryheavy.Ayoungboylikehimcannotcarryit.（選自上外小五班試題）

Thesuitcaseisheavyayoungboylikehimcannotcarryit.

答案：sothat（解析：根據(jù)句意我們了解到：行李很重。像他那樣的男孩不能搬動它。

所以，合并為一句要用到從屬連詞，“如此.......以至于”）

2.Ihavetwochildren,and______ofthemareworkinginthewestofChina.(選自蘭生小五試題)

A.allB.bothC.neitherD.either

答案：B（解析：限定詞是two,決定只能用both或者neither，又因為謂語動詞是are，所以

是肯定的兩者both。其中A表示三者以上都.......，D項是兩者中的任何一個。）

【例題2】：

3.Iwenttotheofficebytaxithismorningbelateforwork.

A.sothatnotB.notinordertoC.soasnottoD.soastonot

答案：C（解析：根據(jù)句意和選項的對應(yīng)，基本上可以確定是填“為了......”inorderto和so

asto的否定是再to的前面加not，而不是后面。）

四、【課堂運用】

【基礎(chǔ)】

【練習(xí)1】

I.用when,before,after,until,assoonas,if,as,because,though,than,since,so…that填空:

1.Ihaven’theardfromhim_______helefthome.

2.Hewas_______tired_______hecouldn’tgoonworking.

3.Iwascooking______sheknockedatthedoor.

4.Hedidn’tgotobed______hefinishedhishomework.

5.Thesoldierssetofftothefront______theyreceivedtheofficer’sorder.

6.Shewenttobed_______theTVplaywasover.

7.Iwon’tbelieveit_______Ihearwithmyownears.

8.Weshouldstrike_______theironishot.

9.Takethemedicine_______yougotobed.

10.Theycouldn’tsendtheirchildrentoschool_______lifewasveryhardinthosedays.

11._______thismethoddoesn’twork,let’stryanother.

12.We’releavingforShenzhen_______itisfinetoday.

13.Iknewnothingaboutit_______hetoldme.

14.Thesingerwas_______pleased_______hecouldn’tsayaword.

15.Pleaseworkharder_______allofyoucanpassthefinalexam.

16.Armyandpeopleareasinseparable(不可分的)_______fishandwater.

17.Theharvestofthisyearismuchbetter______thatoflastyear.

18._______thestoryisshortandtherearenonewwordsinit,itisdifficulttounderstand.

答案：I.1.since2.so,that3.when4.until5.assoonas6.after7.until8.while9.before10.

because11.Since12.if13.until14.so,that15.so,that16.as17.than18.Though

【練習(xí)2】

II.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成改寫后的句子,使其與第一個句子意思相同或相近:

1.Wecan’tfinishtheworkintimewithoutyourhelp.

Wecan’tfinishtheworkintime_______youdon’thelpme.

2.Nowshopblowing,andtheglasswillbeclearagain.

_______younowstopblowing,theglasswillbeclearagain.

3.Ifwedon’thurry,we’llbelateforthefilm.

Let’shurry,______we’llbelateforthefilm.

4.Thegirlistooyoungtogotoschool.

Thegirlis______young______shecan’tgotoschool.

5.Jennygotupevenearlierthenextmorninginordertogettoschoolontime.

Jennygotupevenearlierthenextmorning_______shecouldgettoschoolontime.

6.Jackhasn’tseenthenewfilm.Ihaven’tseenit,either.

______Jack______Ihaveseenthenewfilm.

7.WeiHuaisaLeaguemember.HanMeimeiisaLeaguemember,too.

______WeiHua______HanMeimeiareLeaguemembers.

8.ThelittleboyspeaksEnglishverywell.HespeaksRussianverywell,too.

Thelittleboyspeaks______English______Russianverywell.

9.XiaoMingwasbornin1988.WangLinwasbornin1988,too.

XiaoMingisjustasold______WangLin.

10.MissGaoisverykind.Allthestudentslikeher.

MissGaois______kind______allthestudentslikeher.

答案：II.1.if2.If3.or4.so,that5.sothat6.Neither,nor7.Both,and8.both,and9.as10.so,

that

【鞏固】

【練習(xí)1】

()1.It’ssuchaninterestingstory________everybodylikesit.

A.asB.thatC.sothatD.which

()2.Idon’tlikehim.I’drather________inthan________toplaywithhim.

A.toplay,togoB.stay,goC.toplay,goD.stay,togo

()3.Heisveryold,________hestillworksveryhard.

A.ifB.whenC.andD.but

()4.Mrs.Smithlikesmusic________herhusbandlikessport.

A.whileB.orC.forD.so

()5.________Tom________Maryisfree.You’dbetterplaywithothers.

A.Both,andB.Notonly,butalsoC.Neither,norD.Either,or

()6.Theydidn’tstarttowork________thebossarrived.

A.soB.assoonasC.whileD.until

()7.________you’reallhere,wecanworkoutasolution.

A.BecauseB.ThoughC.SinceDFor

()8.Thechildisclever________healthy.

A.assoonasB.asgoodasC.aswellasD.astallas

()9.Wemustsetoffnow,________we’llmissthelasttrain.

A.andB.whileC.thenD.or

()10.Canyounamethreecountries________Chineseisusedasoneoftheirlanguages?

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there

答案：1.B2.D3.D4.A5.C6.D7.C8.C9.D10.C

【拔高】

【練習(xí)1】

1.Weweregettingreadytogoout______itbegantorain.

A.whereB.whenC.sinceD.if

2.Welovespring______there’rebeautifulflowerseverywhere.

A.butB.ifC.thoughD.because

3.Theworkwas_______difficult_______ittookusquitealongtimetodoit.

A.such,thatB.so,thatC.too,thatD.too,to

4.I’lltellhimtogiveyouacall______hecomesback.

A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but

5.---WhydidLiLeiuseapencil?---_______hispenwasbroken.

A.BecauseB.WhenC.UntilD.If

6.IthinkChineseismorepopular______anyothersubject.

A.thanB.forC.asD.then

7.WhatdoIhavetodo______Iwanttobethinner?

A.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.for

8.Iwon’tturnoffthelight______you’vefinishedreading.

A.whenB.afterC.assoonasD.until

9.I’llstudyEnglishandotherobjects_______Ican.

A.sohardasB.ashardasC.sohardlyasD.ashardlyas

10.Thoughitrainedheavily,_______werestillplayingontheplayground.

A.theyB.sotheyC.buttheyD.andthey

11.Youshouldfinishyourexercises______yougotobed.

A.afterB.beforeC.becauseD.if

12.---ArewegoingtoWestHillFarmbybike?

---No.Bybus,_______itisquitefarfromhere.

A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.because

13.Mr.Readhastaughtinthatsmalltown______heleftCanadain1988.

A.whenB.afterC.forD.since

14.I’m______busygettingreadyforChristmas_______Ihavenotimetowritetoyou.

A.not,untilB.too,toC.so,thatD.neither,nor

15.You’lldobetterinEnglish______youworkharder.

A.orB.thanC.ifD.before

16.Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday______hewasill.

A.butB.untilC.ifD.because

17.LiHua______inthefactorysincesheleftschooltenyearsago.

A.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.hadworked

18.---I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.

---________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?

A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.After

19.Whatshallwedo______itrainstomorrow?

A.soB.ifC.butD.because

20.Ifyou______himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe_______toworkonthefarmwithus.

A.see,goesB.willsee,goesC.willsee,willgoD.see,willgo

21.Theroomis______dirty______wedon’twanttostayhere.

A.so,thatB.such,thatC.either,orD.as,as

22._______he’sveryyoung,_______heknowsseverallanguages.

A.Though,butB.Because,soC.Though,/D.Because,/

23.Theywillhaveasportsmeetingifit______tomorrow.

A.won’trainB.willrainC.doesn’trainD.rains

24.Myparentswillgooutforanoutingwithmeifthey______freenextSunday.

A.willbeB.areC.haveD.willhave

25.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew

26.Couldyouringmeupassoonashe______?

A.arrivedB.wouldarriveC.arrivesD.willarrive

27.We______TVwhenthetelephone________.

A.watched,wasringingB.werewatching,rang

C.watch,ringsD.arewatching,rang

28.Kate______tobeduntilherfatherreturnedyesterdayevening.

A.won’tgoB.doesn’tgoC.wentD.didn’tgo

29.Ifthechild_______,pleasetelephonethepolice.

A.foundB.isfoundC.wasfoundD.hasfound

30.Ifyou______heretomorrow,I’llbedelighted.

A.comesB.willcomeC.cameD.come

答案：III.1—5ACCDA6—10BBBDB11—15BDDCC

16—20DCCBD21—25ACCBC26—30CBDBD

五、【課后鞏固】

【習(xí)題1】

I.Choosethebestanswer.

()1.________itwasearly,sheturnedofftheradioandwenttobed.

A.BecauseB.ThoughC.SinceD.As

()2.Whichshirtismoreexpensive,thewhiteone________thegreenone?

A.andB.orC.butD.so

()3.Workhard,________you’lllearnEnglishwell.

A.andB.butC.forD.or

()4.Youmaygo________youcleantheclassroom.

A.beforeB.becauseC.assoonasD.after

()5.Heisateacher________Iamafarmer.

A.orB.soC.butD.while

()6.Ilikeautumn________Icanhavealotoffruit.

A.butB.ifC.thoughD.because

()7.________Jim________Katehascome.Idon’tknowwhentheywillcome.

A.Both…andB.Notonly….butalsoC.Neither….norD.either…or

()8.He’sathomethesedays.Youmaycome________today________tomorrow.

A.either…orB.both….andC.notonly…butalsoD.neither…nor

()9.Mygrandmaisold________strong.

A.andB.orC.butD.so

()10.Theboyisclever,________,heoftenmakesmistakes.

A.andB.howeverC.whenD.or

()11.You’dbetterputonmoreclothes,________it’sverycoldoutside.

A.forB.andC.becauseofD.or

()12.________Iwentintotheclassroom,,thestudentsweretalkingaboutthefilm.

A.WhileB.AfterC.WhenD.Before

()13.We’llgobacktothefields________thesnowstops.

A.assoonasB.becauseC.butD.and

()14.Theplaneflewsohigh________itlookedverysmall.

A.thatB.whyC.whetherD./

()15.Ididn’tgetup________Fathercamebackfromthefactory.

A.whenB.untilC.whileD.because

()16.Idon’tknow________ornotwe’llhaveanexamtomorrow.

A.ifB.whenC.whetherD.thatif

()17.Pleasespeakloudly________Icanhearalittlebetter.

A.thoughB.sothatC.thatD.while

()18.Pleasespeakloudly________Icanhearalittlebetter.

A.thoughB.sothatC.suchthatD.as

()19.Ringmeup________youcometomyhouse.

A.though