高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市增城區(qū)2025-2026學(xué)年高三10月教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASeeYouintheDesertTheCoachellaValleyMusicandArtsFestival,theworld’slargestmusicfestivalheldinthedesert,iscomingsooninIndio,California,USA.●Dates:Nov.14-16&21-23,2025(Friday-Sunday)●Accommodations:CarCampingOurmostpopularovernightoptionletsyouparkavehicleonyourcampsite.Levelupwithareserved“preferred”sitelocatedinlot8.TentCampingSetupyourdesertpalaceonafieldofgrass.Perfectfortravelersfromabroadcamperswithoutcarsorfolkswhowantavehicle-freeenvironment.LakeEldoradoLocatedclosetothegeneralstore,foodvendorsandcampingcenterhub,andjustafewminutes’walkfromthevenueentrance.SafariCampingNestledinaquietandprivatecampingarea,SafariguestsstayinfurnishedShikar-styletents,enjoyallthecomfortsofhome,andmovearoundthevenuebygolfcartallweekendlong.*Campersmustbe18+unlessaccompaniedbyaparentoralegalguardian.*CampingisopenThursday9am-Monday10am.Fournightsstay!◎TicketPrices:TicketTypeBasicPriceConvenienceFeeTotalGATier1$499$50$549GATier2$549$50$599GATier3$599$50$649GAShuttleTier1$619$50$669GAShuttleTier2$669$50$719GAShuttleTier3$719$50$769*Kids5&underFree*Merchandise,foodandbeveragevendorsacceptcredit/debit/mobilepayonly.*GA+Shuttle(穿梭巴士)PassincludesentrancetothevenueallthreedaysandAnyLineShuttlePass.1.Whichtypeofcampingissuitableforinternationaltravelers?A.CarCamping. B.TentCamping. C.LakeEldorado. D.SafariCamping.2.WhatisanadvantageofcampingaroundLakeEldorado?A.Itsfreecarparking. B.Itsconvenientlocation.C.Itsquietenvironment. D.Itsclosenesstonature.3.WhatisthetotalpriceoftheGATier2ticketforacouplewitha3-year-oldkid?A.$1198. B.$1098. C.$1797. D.$599.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2025年美國Coachella音樂節(jié)，包括日期、住宿選項(xiàng)(汽車露營、帳篷露營、LakeEldorado、Safari露營)和門票價(jià)格。文中說明了不同露營類型的特點(diǎn)和適用人群，并給出了票價(jià)明細(xì)及注意事項(xiàng)，為讀者提供了參與音樂節(jié)的實(shí)用信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Accommodations”部分中關(guān)于“TentCamping”的描述“Setupyourdesertpalaceonafieldofgrass.Perfectfortravelersfromabroadcamperswithoutcarsorfolkswhowantavehicle-freeenvironment.(在草地上搭建你的沙漠宮殿。非常適合來自國外的旅行者、沒有車的露營者，或希望無車環(huán)境的人。)”可知，帳篷露營適合國際旅行者，因?yàn)楹芏鄧H旅行者可能沒有車或者想要無車的環(huán)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Accommodations”部分中關(guān)于“LakeEldorado”的描述“Locatedclosetothegeneralstore,foodvendorsandcampingcenterhub,andjustafewminutes’walkfromthevenueentrance.(位于靠近雜貨店、食品攤販和露營中心樞紐的地方，距離場(chǎng)地入口僅幾分鐘步行路程。)”可知，在LakeEldorado露營的優(yōu)勢(shì)是位置便利。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“TicketPrices”部分可知，GATier

2的價(jià)格總共是599。一對(duì)夫妻需要購買兩張GATier

2，所以費(fèi)用是599×2=1198。又因?yàn)椤癒ids5&underFree(5歲及以下兒童免費(fèi))”，他們3歲的孩子不需要購票。所以這對(duì)夫妻帶一個(gè)3歲孩子購買GATier2票的總價(jià)格是1198。故選A項(xiàng)。BDoyourememberthenameofyourkindergartenteacher?Ido—minewasMrs.White.IalwaysthoughtshemustbesomedistantrelativeofWaltDisney’sSnowWhite,withherbrightblueeyes,shortdarkhair,redlipsandfairskin.Idon’tremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclass,butmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedtowritealot.EverytimeIbroughtmywritingshome,momwouldnoticemanymistakes.Bunoredcorrectionsandalwaysastar.Somotimes-evenaGood!Itmademyheartsoarwithhappiness,butitworriedmymom.OnedaywhenshemetMrs.White,sheaskedherwhyshenevercorrectedmymistakes—whysheneverred-penciledintherightspellingsorpointedoutgrammaticalerrors.MomsaidMrs.Whitereplied,“Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.I-don’twanttodampenthatonthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.Thewonderofwordswon’t.”Maybethoseweren’therexactwords—thiswaslongago,andmomcouldonlyrecallthegist.TherestIaddedin.Igrewuplearningtousewordswithlovingconfidencelikethat.NowitoccurstomethatifMrs.Whitehadusedherredpenmoreprecisely,Iprobablywouldn’tbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbackandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacher—forexercisingsuchred-penrestraint,toallowthepleasure,wonder,andexcitementofexpressiontoflower—howeverfaultily—likethat.Iusedtomisspell“beautiful”alot—evenafterIenteredhighschool.I’doftenputthe“a”beforethe“e”—amistakethatalwaysfiustratedmyteacher.ButI’mgladIneverstoppedusingit.“Pretty”iseasiertospell,butitdoesn’tholdasmuchmeaningasyouwanttoconveysometimes.ThankstoMrs.White,IneverhesitatetowritewhatImean—evenwithimperfectspelling.Becauselifeisn’t“pretty”—it’s“baeutiful”:flawedyettrulywonderful.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A.Theauthor’sattitudetoschoolwork. B.Theteacher’sresponsetothewritings.C.Theauthor’sacademicperformance. D.Theteacher’sdisservicetothestudents.5.WhatcanweknowfromMrs.White’sreply?A.Shewastoobusytomarkeverypaper. B.Shebelievedspellingwasunimportant.C.Shecouldn’tcorrectallthestudents’mistakes. D.Shewascarefulnottoruinthejoyofexpression.6.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMrs.White’swayofteaching?A.Far-reaching. B.Contradictory. C.Conventional. D.Practical.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tohonorarespectedkindergartenteacher.B.Toshareanunforgettablelearningexperience.C.Totellhowearlyencouragementfuelslifelongconfidence.D.Toprovetechnicalaccuracyislessimportantthancreativity.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了幼兒園老師Mrs.White不批改她作業(yè)中錯(cuò)別字，反而鼓勵(lì)她寫作的經(jīng)歷。作者認(rèn)為老師保護(hù)了孩子用詞的熱情，培養(yǎng)了她自信的寫作態(tài)度。作者感激老師，并認(rèn)識(shí)到創(chuàng)作樂趣比完美拼寫更重要，這影響了她對(duì)生活的看法?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“EverytimeIbroughtmywritingshome,momwouldnoticemanymistakes.Bunoredcorrectionsalwaysastar.Somotimes-evenaGood!Itmademyheartsoarwithhappiness,butitworriedmymom.(每次我把我的作品帶回家，媽媽都會(huì)注意到很多錯(cuò)誤。但是沒有紅色的修正，總是有一個(gè)小星星，有時(shí)候甚至是一個(gè)“好！”這讓我心里充滿了喜悅，但卻讓媽媽很擔(dān)心。)”以及后文“OnedaywhenshemetMrs.White,sheaskedherwhyshenevercorrectedmymistakes—whysheneverred-penciledintherightspellingsorpointedoutgrammaticalerrors.(有一天，當(dāng)她見到懷特老師時(shí)，便問她為何從不糾正我的錯(cuò)誤——為何從不用紅筆標(biāo)出正確的拼寫方式，也從不指出語法上的錯(cuò)誤。)”可知，這里的“it”指代的是老師對(duì)學(xué)生作品不進(jìn)行錯(cuò)誤糾正，而是給出一些評(píng)價(jià)的這種回應(yīng)方式即老師對(duì)作者作業(yè)的反饋?zhàn)屪髡叱錆M了喜悅卻讓媽媽很擔(dān)心。B選項(xiàng)“Theteacher’sresponsetothewritings.(教師對(duì)這些作品的回應(yīng)。)”符合題意。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“MomsaidMrs.Whitereplied,‘Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.Idon’twanttodampenthatenthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.Thewonderofwordswon’t.’(媽媽說懷特老師回答說：“孩子們剛剛開始對(duì)使用單詞、組成句子感到興奮。我不想用紅墨水來抑制他們的熱情。拼寫和語法可以等一等。單詞的奇妙之處不會(huì)等?！?”可知，從懷特老師的回復(fù)中推斷出她很小心，不想破壞孩子們表達(dá)的樂趣。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“NowitoccurstomethatifMrs.Whitehadusedherredpenmoreprecisely,Iprobablywouldn’tbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbackandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacher—forexercisingsuchred-penrestraint,toallowthepleasure,wonder,andexcitementofexpressiontoflower—howeverfaultily—likethat.(現(xiàn)在我想到，如果懷特老師更精確地使用她的紅筆，我可能現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)跟你說這些了。我回想起來，覺得她一定是一位相當(dāng)非凡的老師——她如此克制地使用紅筆，讓表達(dá)的樂趣、驚奇和興奮能夠像那樣綻放——盡管有錯(cuò)誤。)”以及最后一段中“ThankstoMrs.White,IneverhesitatetowritewhatImean—evenwithimperfectspelling.(多虧了懷特夫人，我敢于直抒己見——即便拼寫不太準(zhǔn)確也沒關(guān)系。)”可知，作者因?yàn)槔蠋煹挠绊懚恢备矣诒磉_(dá)自己真實(shí)的想法；因此作者認(rèn)為懷特老師的教學(xué)方式影響深遠(yuǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“Far-reaching.(影響深遠(yuǎn)的)”符合題意。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。結(jié)合最后一段“Becauselifeisn’t‘pretty’—it’s‘baeutiful’:flawedyettrulywonderful.(因?yàn)樯畈皇恰懊篮玫摹薄恰懊利惖摹保河腥毕莸娴暮芫省?”以及通讀全文，文章主要講述了作者幼兒園的White老師不糾正學(xué)生寫作中的錯(cuò)誤，讓學(xué)生自由表達(dá)，這種教學(xué)方式對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，讓作者敢于用不完美的拼寫表達(dá)自己真實(shí)的想法。因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了紀(jì)念一位受尊敬的幼兒園老師。故選A。COneofthemostremarkableaspectsofthehumanbrainisitsabilitytorecognizeanddescribepatterns.However,somepatternsareincrediblydifficulttounderstand,suchastheconceptofturbulence(湍流).Turbulenceisacomplexphenomenonthatishardtodescribemathematically.ButartistslikeWincentyVanGoghhavecaughtitsessenceintheirpaintings.InJune1889,VanGoghpainted“TheStarryNight,”whichshowsabluenightskyfilledwithspinningcloudsandwhirls(旋渦)ofstars.Unliketheirearlierpainters,VanGoghandotherImpressionistartistsrepresentedlightdifferently.Theyseemedtocatchitsmovement;liketheshiningofstarsorthewavy-lighttravelsacrosswater.Thiseffectiscausedbybrightness,thestrengthoflightinthecolorsonthecanvas.In1941,RussianmathcmaticianAndreyKolmogorovputforwardamathematicalmodelforturbulence.Thismodelisveryclosetohowaturbulentflowworks,thoughafullunderstandingofturbulenceisstillnotachieved.In2004,scientistsusingtheHubbleSpaceTelescopesawwhirlsinafar-awaycloudofdustandgasthatwerelikeVanGogh’s“StarryNight”.ThisdiscoverymotivatedscientistsfromMexico,Spain,andEnglandtostudythebrightnessinVanGogh’spaintings.Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.Theresearchersturnedthepaintingsintodigitalformandmeasuredthechangesinbrightness.Theyconcludedthatthepaintingsarelikefluidturbulenceinbehavior.It’sappealingtosaythatVanGogh’sgeniusenabledhimtodescribeturbulence.However,it’salsoincredibletothinkthatduringaperiodofintensesuffering,VanGoghwasabletoperceiveandrepresentoneofthemostchallengingconceptsinnature.Hisuniquevisionunitedthemysteriesofmovement,fluid,andlightinawaythatcontinuestoinspirebothscientistsandartists.8.WhatmadeVanGoghandotherImpressionistsunique?A.Theypaintedmorenightscenes. B.Theypreferredtousebrightercolors.C.Theyfocusedmoreonlight’smovement. D.Theywerebetteratrepresentingturbulence.9.WhydoestheauthormentionKolmogorov’smodelinparagraph3?A.Tointroduceascientificbreakthrough.B.Tocriticizethelimitationsof20-centuryphysics.C.Tocomparedifferentmathematicalmodelsofturbulence.D.Toprovideaframeworkforanalyzingthepaintings’patterns.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.VanGogh’smentalstatemighthaveinfluencedhiscreation.B.VanGoghwasinspiredbyscientificdiscoveriesofhistime.C.VanGoghhadadeepunderstandingofmathematicalmodels.D.VanGogh’slaterworksshowedlessconnectionwithturbulence.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ArtandtheMysteryofTurbulenceB.TheImpressionistsandtheScienceofLightC.CatchingtheLight:VanGogh’sArtisticGeniusD.ArtMeetsScience:VanGogh’sTurbulentVision【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了畫家梵高如何通過繪畫捕捉湍流現(xiàn)象，并引用科學(xué)家的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)為梵高的作品展現(xiàn)了類似湍流的結(jié)構(gòu)。文章將藝術(shù)與科學(xué)聯(lián)系起來，展現(xiàn)了梵高獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)視角和創(chuàng)造力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ Unliketheirearlierpainters,VanGoghandotherImpressionistartistsrepresentedlightdifferently.Theyseemedtocatchitsmovement;liketheshiningofstarsorthewavy-lighttravelsacrosswater.Thiseffectiscausedbybrightness,thestrengthoflightinthecolorsonthecanvas.(與早期的畫家不同，梵高和其他印象派畫家對(duì)光的表現(xiàn)方式不同。他們似乎捕捉到了光的運(yùn)動(dòng)；就像星星的閃爍或水面上波光粼粼的光。這種效果是由畫布上顏色的亮度，即光的強(qiáng)度造成的。)”可知，梵高和其他印象派畫家的獨(dú)特之處在于他們更關(guān)注光的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“In1941,RussianmathcmaticianAndreyKolmogorovputforwardamathematicalmodelforturbulence.Thismodelisveryclosetohowaturbulentflowworks,thoughafullunderstandingofturbulenceisstillnotachieved.(1941年，俄羅斯數(shù)學(xué)家安德烈·科爾莫戈羅夫提出了湍流的數(shù)學(xué)模型。這個(gè)模型非常接近湍流的流動(dòng)方式，盡管對(duì)湍流的全面理解仍未實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”以及第四段“ThisdiscoverymotivatedscientistsfromMexico,Spain,andEnglandtostudythebrightnessinVanGogh’spaintings.Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)激發(fā)了來自墨西哥、西班牙和英國的科學(xué)家研究梵高畫作中的亮度。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的許多作品，尤其是那些創(chuàng)作于他極度憂慮和焦慮時(shí)期的作品，包含了與科爾莫戈羅夫模型相似的湍流流體結(jié)構(gòu)模式。)”可知，作者提到科爾莫戈羅夫的模型是為了提供一個(gè)分析畫作模式的框架，科學(xué)家們通過對(duì)比畫作中的模式與科爾莫戈羅夫的模型來研究梵高的畫作。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theyfoundthatmanyofhisworks,especiallythosefromhistimesofgreatworryandanxiety,containpatternsofturbulentfluidstructurcssimilartoKolmogorov’smodel.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的許多作品，尤其是那些創(chuàng)作于他極度憂慮和焦慮時(shí)期的作品，包含了與科爾莫戈羅夫模型相似的湍流流體結(jié)構(gòu)模式。)”可知，梵高的精神狀態(tài)可能影響了他的創(chuàng)作。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章主要講述了梵高的畫作與湍流這一科學(xué)概念之間的聯(lián)系，以及他的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作如何受到其精神狀態(tài)的影響，同時(shí)他的作品又繼續(xù)激勵(lì)著科學(xué)家和藝術(shù)家，體現(xiàn)了藝術(shù)與科學(xué)的交融。選項(xiàng)D“ArtMeetsScience:VanGogh’sTurbulentVision(藝術(shù)邂逅科學(xué)：梵高的湍流視角)”最能概括文章主旨，體現(xiàn)了藝術(shù)與科學(xué)的相遇以及梵高獨(dú)特的湍流視角。故選D。DHaveyoueverfeltthatmosquitoesloveyoumorethanothers?Whileyourfriendsremainuntouched,youfindyourselfconstantlyhuntedbytheseannoyinginsects.Well,it’snotyourimagination.Scienceconfirmsthataround20%ofpeoplearenaturallyhighattractors,ormosquitomagnets,whoaremoreoftentargetedyearafteryear—andbiologyistoblame.Theprimarysignalthatdrawsmosquitoesfromadistanceisthecarbondioxide(CO?)webreatheout.CapableofspottingastreamofCO?fromupto30metersaway,mosquitoesusethisgasasa“dinnerbell”signalingthatawarm-bloodedhostisnearby.Oncetheypickupthisclue,theystartmovingtowardthesource.However,asmosquitoesgetcloser,youruniquebodysmellbecomesthedecidingfactor.Ourskinishometomillionsofmicrobes(微生物)thatbreakdownnaturaloilsandsweat,producingacomplexcocktailofchemicalcompounds.AccordingtoasignificantstudypublishedinthejournalCell,individualswhoaremosquitomagnetstendtoproducemuchhigherlevelsofspecifictypesofacidsontheirskin.Theseacidsactlikeanirresistiblesmelltomosquitoes.Incontrast,thoselessattractiveproducemoreketones,whichseemtomasktheirsmells,makingtheminvisibletomosquitoes.Totestthis,researchersdesignedanexperimentinalargeenclosedarena—aboutthesizeofaland-skatingrink.Theyreleasedmosquitoesandobservedhowtheychosebetweendifferentpeople.Theresultsshowedthatmosquitoesconsistentlyflewtowardthosewithcertainskinsmells.Otherfactorslikebodyheat,sweat,andgeneticmakeupalsoplayarole.Sinceourskinmicrobiomeislargelygeneticallydetermined,beingamosquitomagnetisoftenamatterofbadluck.Importantly,thisresearchisn’tjustaboutavoidingitchybites.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplediefrommosquito-bornediseases.Understandinghowmosquitoesfinduscaninspirescientiststofindbettersolutions.Sonexttimemosquitoesbuzzaroundyou,remember:it’snotacurse—it’sscience.Andsoon,wemighthavesmarterwaystooutsmartthesebothersomebiters.12.Whatfunctiondoescarbondioxideserveformosquitoes?A.Itactsasanappetizer. B.Itprovidesanutrientsource.C.Ithelpslocatehuman’spresence. D.Itdistinguisheshumanskintypes.13.Whatisthekeyfactorthatmakessomepeoplemoreattractivetomosquitoes?A.Themicrobeslivingontheirskin. B.Thenaturaloilsproducedbytheirskin.C.AgreatdealofCO?breathedoutbythem. D.Largeamountsofcertainacidsontheirskin.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Bodytemperatureisthemostcriticalfactor.B.Beingamosquitomagnetislargelyunchangeable.C.Dietandlifestylehabitsinfluencemosquitoes’choices.D.Peoplecanimprovetheirgeneticmakeuptoavoidmosquitoes.15.Accordingtothetext,whatmightbethesignificanceoftheresearch?A.Revealinghowmosquitoesfindtargets.B.Explainingwhysomepeopleattractmosquitoes.C.Contributingtohowwebattleagainstmosquitoes.D.Provingthatsmellaffectsmosquitoes’bitingpreferences.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了為何有些人更容易吸引蚊子，解釋了蚊子如何通過二氧化碳、體味等因素尋找目標(biāo)，并闡述了相關(guān)研究的意義。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theprimarysignalthatdrawsmosquitoesfromadistanceisthecarbondioxide(CO?)webreatheout.CapableofspottingastreamofCO?fromupto30metersaway,mosquitoesusethisgasasa“dinnerbell”signalingthatawarm-bloodedhostisnearby.(將蚊子從遠(yuǎn)處吸引過來的主要信號(hào)是我們呼出的二氧化碳。蚊子能夠從30米外發(fā)現(xiàn)一股二氧化碳，它們將這種氣體作為“開飯鈴聲”，表明附近有溫血宿主)”可知，蚊子利用二氧化碳來定位溫血宿主的存在，即幫助它們定位人類的存在。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AccordingtoasignificantstudypublishedinthejournalCell,individualswhoaremosquitomagnetstendtoproducemuchhigherlevelsofspecifictypesofacidsontheirskin.Theseacidsactlikeanirresistiblesmelltomosquitoes.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞》雜志上的一項(xiàng)重要研究，那些特別吸引蚊子的人往往會(huì)在皮膚上產(chǎn)生更高水平的特定類型的酸。這些酸對(duì)蚊子來說就像一種無法抗拒的氣味)”可知，某些人皮膚上產(chǎn)生的大量特定類型的酸是吸引蚊子的關(guān)鍵因素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Otherfactorslikebodyheat,sweat,andgeneticmakeupalsoplayarole.Sinceourskinmicrobiomeislargelygeneticallydetermined,beingamosquitomagnetisoftenamatterofbadluck.(其他因素如體溫、汗液和基因構(gòu)成也會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。由于我們的皮膚微生物群主要由基因決定，招蚊子體質(zhì)往往只能歸咎于運(yùn)氣不佳)”可知，成為特別吸引蚊子的人很大程度上是由基因決定的，難以改變。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Understandinghowmosquitoesfinduscaninspirescientiststofindbettersolutions.(了解蚊子如何找到我們，可以啟發(fā)科學(xué)家找到更好的解決方案)”可知，研究蚊子如何找到目標(biāo)有助于科學(xué)家找到更好的對(duì)抗蚊子的方法，即這項(xiàng)研究的意義在于有助于我們對(duì)抗蚊子。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withlifegettingmoredemandingandhecticallthetime,itseemsthere’sonlyonewaytocope—multitasking!Butcanweactuallymultitask?Thetermwasfirstusedinthe1960stodescribecomputerperformance.____16____Ourbrainisnotdesignedtohandletoomanytasksatthesametime.Somepsychologistsmodelvisualattentionasbeinglikeaspotlight.Itcanonlybeshoneinonedirectionatanyonetime.Ourprimaryfocus—whatwe’repayingmostattentionto—islikethebrightlylitareainthecentreofthespotlight.___17___Forinstance,intheCountingBallsexperiment,whenconcentratingoncountingbouncingballs,mostobserversmissobviouselementslikethesmileyfaceononeoftheballs.Thisshowsjusthowpowerfulfocusedattentionis,butitalsomeanswecanmissthingsthatrightunderournoses—aneffectknownasinattentionblindness.ThefamousInvisibleMonkeyExperimentfurtherconfirmsthis.Whenaskedtoconcentrateexclusivelyonhowoftenbasketballplayersinwhitepasstheball,mostpeoplecompletelymissthemonkeywalkingacrossthescreen.____18____Thisisaparticularproblemwhenwetrytomultitask.Wecanswitchattentionbetweentasks,butoverloadedattentionleadstomistakes.Thisdoesn’tmeanalldual-taskingisimpossible,though.____19____forexample,it’sachievabletoreadabookandlistentomusicatthesametime.However,drivingwhileonthephoneevenhands-freeisrisky:phonecallscreatementalimages,usingthesamevisualresourcesneededfordriving,makingusmissdangers.___20___Ifyou’refeelinglikeyoushouldbedoingseventeenthingsatonce,remember,that’sjustnotthewayyourbrainiswired.A.Dividedattentionresultsinerrors.B.Humanattentionisaverypreciousresource.C.Thehumanbrain,however,functionsdifferently.D.Itworksifthetwotasksrelyondifferentmentalresources.E.Multitaskingmakesusinefficientatbest,dangerousatworst.F.Peoplejustdon’thavethecapacitytoprocesseverythingatonce.G.Thoughwetakeinvastinformation,onlyalittlecatchesourattention.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.D20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章先引出多任務(wù)處理話題，接著說明人類大腦與計(jì)算機(jī)不同，注意力有限，多任務(wù)易出錯(cuò)，最后指出多任務(wù)處理效率低甚至危險(xiǎn)，大腦不適合多任務(wù)?！?6題詳析】上文提到“Thetermwasfirstusedinthe1960stodescribecomputerperformance.(“多任務(wù)處理”這個(gè)術(shù)語最初在20世紀(jì)60年代被用來描述計(jì)算機(jī)的性能)”，下文又指出“Ourbrainisnotdesignedtohandletoomanytasksatthesametime.(我們的大腦并不是設(shè)計(jì)用來同時(shí)處理太多任務(wù)的)”，這表明人類大腦和計(jì)算機(jī)在處理任務(wù)方面存在差異。C選項(xiàng)“Thehumanbrain,however,functionsdifferently.(然而，人類大腦的工作方式不同)”與前文構(gòu)成對(duì)比，指出前后存在電腦和人類大腦的對(duì)比，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Somepsychologistsmodelvisualattentionasbeinglikeaspotlight.Itcanonlybeshoneinonedirectionatanyonetime.Ourprimaryfocus—whatwe’repayingmostattentionto—islikethebrightlylitareainthecentreofthespotlight.(一些心理學(xué)家將視覺注意力比作一盞聚光燈。在任何時(shí)刻，這盞燈只能朝一個(gè)方向照射。我們的主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)——也就是我們最投入注意力的方面——就好比聚光燈中心那明亮的區(qū)域。)”將視覺注意力比作聚光燈，只能一次照向一個(gè)方向，我們主要關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)就像聚光燈中心明亮的區(qū)域，G選項(xiàng)“Thoughwetakeinvastinformation,onlyalittlecatchesourattention.(盡管我們接收了大量信息，但只有一小部分能吸引我們的注意力)”進(jìn)一步解釋了注意力聚焦的特點(diǎn)，即雖然接收信息多，但只有少量能被關(guān)注，與上文關(guān)于注意力聚焦的描述相契合。故選G?！?8題詳析】上文通過“ThefamousInvisibleMonkeyExperimentfurtherconfirmsthis.Whenaskedtoconcentrateexclusivelyonhowoftenbasketballplayersinwhitepasstheball,mostpeoplecompletelymissthemonkeywalkingacrossthescreen.(著名的“隱形猴子實(shí)驗(yàn)”也進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了這一點(diǎn)。當(dāng)要求人們只專注于觀察身穿白色衣服的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員傳球的頻率時(shí)，大多數(shù)人完全忽略了屏幕上那只正在行走的猴子。)”說明人們會(huì)因?yàn)閷Ｗ⒍e(cuò)過一些明顯的事物，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Peoplejustdon’thavethecapacitytoprocesseverythingatonce.(人們只是沒有能力同時(shí)處理所有事情)”對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，解釋了人們會(huì)錯(cuò)過事物的原因，符合語境。故選F。【19題詳析】上文提到“Thisdoesn’tmeanalldual-taskingisimpossible,though.(不過，這并不意味著所有的雙重任務(wù)都不可能完成)”，以及下文舉例“it’sachievabletoreadabookandlistentomusicatthesametime.(同時(shí)讀書和聽音樂是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的)”可知，讀書和聽音樂兩個(gè)雙重任務(wù)是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，后文應(yīng)該對(duì)該原因進(jìn)行解釋。D選項(xiàng)“Itworksifthetwotasksrelyondifferentmentalresources.(如果兩項(xiàng)任務(wù)依賴不同的心理資源，那么就可以同時(shí)進(jìn)行)”解釋了為什么有些雙重任務(wù)可以完成，即任務(wù)依賴的心理資源不同，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選D?！?0題詳析】后文“

Ifyou’refeelinglikeyoushouldbedoingseventeenthingsatonce,remember,that’sjustnotthewayyourbrainiswired.(如果你覺得自己應(yīng)該同時(shí)做十七件事情，那么請(qǐng)記住，這并非你大腦的運(yùn)作方式。)”給出建議，指出不要同時(shí)做多件事情，這不僅是人類大腦的運(yùn)作方式，前文應(yīng)該指出原因。E選項(xiàng)“Multitaskingmakesusinefficientatbest,dangerousatworst.(多任務(wù)處理充其量會(huì)讓我們效率低下，最糟糕的情況下則會(huì)帶來危險(xiǎn)。)”對(duì)前文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了多任務(wù)處理的弊端，符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Janie’sfarmwasn’tinitiallyasafeshelterforanimalswithphysicaldisabilities.Theremarkablejourneybeganwithherpersonal____21____.Attheageof10,acaraccidentcostJanieherleftleg,throwingherintoaworldwhereprosthetic(假肢的)technologybecamenotjustatool,buta____22____.“Prosthetictechnologyhashelpedme____23____mylife,soitcancertainlyhelpthem,”saysJanie.Yearslater,Janie____24____WoodstockFarmSanctuary,hometoover300rescuedanimals.WhenFelix,athree-month-oldlamb,sufferedawolf____25____andlosthisfrontleg,Janierespondedwithout____26____.“Hewastremblinginacorner,too____27____tostand,”sherecalls.Facedwiththechallengeoflimitedanimalprostheticmodels,Janie____28____Eric,herprosthetistoffifteenyears.“Fittingprosthetiesforanimalsis____29____,”Ericadmitted.Yetthrough____30____withauniversity3D-printinglabandafternumeroustrials,theycreatedaspeciallegforFelix.____31____Felixwalkingonthe3D-printedlegwasatearfulmomentforeveryoneinvolved.Thelamb,onceextremelyscared,nowraces____32____acrossthegrassland.“Peopleoftenviewthemmerelyasfarmanimals,”Janiesays,“butFelix’sjoy____33____usthattheycanalsofeelpain,love,andthe____34____tolivefully.”Thisisawonderfulexampleofhowcompassioncombinedwithinnovationcantruly____35____lives.21.A.ambition B.curiosity C.experience D.recovery22.A.device B.lifeline C.decoration D.reward23.A.rebuild B.regain C.reconsider D.recall24.A.discovered B.visited C.joined D.founded25.A.attack B.encounter C.escape D.incident26.A.preparation B.permission C.explanation D.hesitation27.A.weak B.tired C.shy D.anxious28.A.focusedon B.lookedfor C.turnedto D.chattedwith29.A.challenging B.risky C.traditional D.experimental30.A.communication B.argument C.cooperation D.arrangement31.A.Taking B.Following C.Recognizing D.Witnessing32.A.quickly B.freely C.secretly D.awkwardly33.A.warns B.orders C.reminds D.promises34.A.reason B.desire C.ability D.courage35.A.touch B.enrich C.sustain D.transform【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.D27.A28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了因車禍?zhǔn)プ笸鹊腏anie，憑借自身經(jīng)歷和假肢技術(shù)，創(chuàng)辦農(nóng)場(chǎng)庇護(hù)所，為受傷小羊打造3D打印假肢、改變其命運(yùn)的故事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這段非凡的旅程始于她的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。A.ambition抱負(fù)；B.curiosity好奇心；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.recovery康復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“Attheageof10,acaraccidentcostJanieherleftleg,throwingherintoaworld”可知，Janie10歲因車禍?zhǔn)プ笸鹊慕?jīng)歷，可知她的行動(dòng)源于自身的親身經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：10歲時(shí)，一場(chǎng)車禍奪走了Janie的左腿，讓她進(jìn)入了一個(gè)假肢技術(shù)不僅是工具，更是生命線的世界。A.device設(shè)備；B.lifeline生命線；C.decoration裝飾；D.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)后文“Prosthetictechnologyhashelpedmemylife,soitcancertainlyhelpthem,”saysJanie.”可知，假肢幫助Janie正常生活，是支撐她生活的關(guān)鍵，如同生命線一般重要。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“假肢技術(shù)幫助我重建了生活，所以它當(dāng)然也能幫助它們，”Janie說。A.rebuild重建；B.regain重新獲得；C.reconsider重新考慮；D.recall回憶。根據(jù)后文“soitcancertainlyhelpthem”可知，Janie因車禍?zhǔn)プ笸龋僦屗苤匦抡Ｉ?，即重建生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：多年后，Janie創(chuàng)辦了伍德斯托克農(nóng)場(chǎng)庇護(hù)所，這里是300多只獲救動(dòng)物的家。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.visited參觀；C.joined加入；D.founded創(chuàng)辦。根據(jù)后文“hometoover300rescuedanimals”可知，農(nóng)場(chǎng)庇護(hù)所是Janie創(chuàng)建的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)三個(gè)月大的小羊Felix遭遇狼的襲擊，失去了前腿時(shí)，Janie毫不猶豫地采取了行動(dòng)。A.attack襲擊；B.encounter相遇；C.escape逃脫；D.incident事件。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)osthisfrontleg,”可知，F(xiàn)elix失去前腿，所以是遭到了狼的襲擊。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)三個(gè)月大的小羊Felix遭遇狼的襲擊，失去了前腿時(shí)，Janie毫不猶豫地采取了行動(dòng)。A.preparation準(zhǔn)備；B.permission允許；C.explanation解釋；D.hesitation猶豫。Janie自身有類似經(jīng)歷，深知假肢的作用，所以看到小羊受傷后立刻行動(dòng)，沒有猶豫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“它在角落里發(fā)抖，虛弱得站不起來，”她回憶道。A.weak虛弱的；B.tired疲憊的；C.shy害羞的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)前文“Hewastremblinginacorner”可知，F(xiàn)elix遭遇狼襲擊、失去前腿，身體處于虛弱狀態(tài)，無法站立。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：面對(duì)動(dòng)物假肢模型有限的挑戰(zhàn)，Janie求助于她認(rèn)識(shí)了15年的假肢制作師Eric。A.focusedon專注于；B.lookedfor尋找；C.turnedto求助于；D.chattedwith與……聊天。根據(jù)前文“Facedwiththechallengeoflimitedanimalprostheticmodels”可知，Janie遇到技術(shù)難題，向熟悉的假肢制作師尋求幫助。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“給動(dòng)物裝假肢很有挑戰(zhàn)性，”Eric承認(rèn)。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.risky有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.experimental實(shí)驗(yàn)性的。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)imitedanimalprostheticmodels”可知，給動(dòng)物適配假肢存在不少困難，具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，通過與一所大學(xué)的3D打印實(shí)驗(yàn)室合作，經(jīng)過無數(shù)次試驗(yàn)，他們?yōu)镕elix制作了一條特殊的腿。A.communication交流；B.argument爭(zhēng)論；C.cooperation合作；D.arrangement安排。根據(jù)后文“withauniversity3D-printinglab”制作特殊假肢需要專業(yè)技術(shù)支持，需與大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室合作才能完成。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：目睹Felix踩著3D打印的腿走路，對(duì)所有相關(guān)人員來說都是一個(gè)感人的時(shí)刻。A.Taking拿；B.Following跟隨；C.Recognizing認(rèn)出；D.Witnessing目睹。根據(jù)前文“Felixwalkingonthe3D-printedleg”可知，大家看到Felix成功用假肢走路，這是一個(gè)親眼見證的感人場(chǎng)景。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這只曾經(jīng)極度害怕的小羊，現(xiàn)在可以在草地上自由奔跑。A.quickly快速地；B.freely自由地；C.secretly秘密地；D.awkwardly笨拙地。Felix適應(yīng)了假肢后，恢復(fù)了正?；顒?dòng)能力，能自由奔跑。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“人們常常只把它們看作農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，”Janie說，“但Felix的快樂提醒我們，它們也能感受到痛苦、愛和充分生活的渴望?！盇.warns警告；B.orders命令；C.reminds提醒；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)后文“theycanalsofeelpain,love”可知，F(xiàn)elix的經(jīng)歷讓人們意識(shí)到動(dòng)物也有豐富的情感，起到了提醒作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“人們常常只把它們看作農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，”Janie說，“但Felix的快樂提醒我們，它們也能感受到痛苦、愛和充分生活的渴望?！盇.reason原因；B.desire渴望；C.ability能力；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)前文“theycanalsofeelpain,love”可知，動(dòng)物和人類一樣，有想要好好生活的渴望。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)很好的例子，說明同情心與創(chuàng)新相結(jié)合，真的能改變生命。A.touch觸動(dòng)；B.enrich豐富；C.sustain維持；D.transform改變。根據(jù)前文“Thelamb,onceextremelyscared,nowracesacrossthegrassland.”Janie的同情心和3D打印假肢的創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，讓Felix的生活發(fā)生了徹底改變。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everybodysaysthatpotatoesandtomatoeshavenothingtodowitheachother.Recently,____36____,ateamofChinesescientistsfromtheAgriculturalGenomicsInstituteatShenzhendisco