高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省化州市普通高中2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThePerfectSleepChairisdesignedtobethemostcomfortablereclinerchair.Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it’slikebeingonacloud.Acloudthathasbuilt-inheatandmassagesettingstomatchyourownpersonalcomfortlevel.Itevenhasabatterybackupincaseofapowercut.WithPerfectSleepChair,there’saperfectpositionforeverybody,eventhosethatprefertolieflatbutwanttheadditionalsupportthatmostmattresses(墊子)don’tprovide.Atthetouchofabutton,thePerfectSleepChairgentlyliftsyoutoanalmoststandingpositionsoyoucangetbackonyourfeetwithease.Someownersusethisfeaturedaily,whileothersuseitwhenrecoveringfromanillness.Timeandtimeagain,ourcustomerstellustheyaretiredofhavingtoreplacetheirreclinersduetoqualityissues.Wehearyou!ThatiswhythePerfectSleepChairishandmadeintheUSAusingqualityhardwoodsandonlythehighestqualityupholster(墊襯物).Eachchairiscarefullycraftedbyworkersandnotjustabunchofrobots.Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.Simplyput,it’sthehighestqualitychaironthemarket—butitdoesn’tendthere…WhenyoupurchasethePerfectSleepChair,you’llgetyourchoiceofclothandcolors!You’llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!Toensurethatyourproductandpurchaseprocessisofthehighestquality,ourcustomerserviceteamisheretoansweranyquestion,fivedaysaweek,from9a.m.to8p.m.Pleasecallusat800-958-8324.1.Accordingtotheadvertisement,PerfectSleepChair.（事實(shí)信息）A.helpsdetectillnessesB.supportsvariousbodypositionsC.comeswithanadditionalmattressD.adjustsitstemperatureaccordingly2.WhatisthekeyfeatureofPerfectSleepChairintroducedinParagraph3?(推理判斷)A.Itissafe. B.Itislasting.C.Itisportable. D.Itiscomfortable.3.Whatservicecancustomersreceive?A.Homedelivery. B.Free

replacement.C.A24-hourhotline. D.Amoney-backguarantee.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了一種支持各種各樣身體姿勢(shì)的椅子PerfectSleepChair以及它的特色。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第二句Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it’slikebeingonacloud.可知不管你是筆直地坐著，還是以你最喜歡的看電視的姿勢(shì)放松，還是完全平躺著睡覺(jué)，PerfectSleepChair都可以。故PerfectSleepChair支持各種各樣的身體姿勢(shì)。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.可知每一把椅子的結(jié)構(gòu)都是終身保修的，電子元件的保修期為三年?？赏评淼玫谌谓榻B了PerfectSleepChair的一個(gè)重要性能是持久耐用，故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句You’llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!可知專(zhuān)業(yè)人士會(huì)把椅子搬到你家里你想要的地方，打開(kāi)它，檢查它，測(cè)試它，定位它，甚至把包裝拿走!可知顧客可以收到送貨上門(mén)服務(wù)，故選A。BTherehasbeenabattleraginginmylivingroom—adeep-rootedstandoffthatbeganwhenIwasachildofaboutnine.ThatistheageIwaswhenmyparentspurchasedasecond-handpianotosupportmycontinuingmusicaltraining.Somemaycharacterizeitasalove-haterelationship,eventhoughIbelievethebondbetweenusismorethanthat.Ofcourse,onthe“hate”sidetherewereplentyoffrustratinghoursspentpracticing,theforcedperformancesforrelatives,thetrimmedfingernails.AndtheresponsibilityIhadtoshoulder,asmyfamilysacrificedalotformetohavepianolessons,becauseIhadtalent.Myteacherssaidsoand,truthfully,myheartsaidso,too.Butalltoooftenitfeltlikeaburden.Therewasalsoloveonthatpianobench.ThereweretimeswhenIcouldfeelthemusicringthroughme.Icouldfeelitvibratethroughmyfingers.Theconnectionbetweentwopeoplewhenperformingaduetwasbeautiful.Whenmymusiclandedonmyaudienceitmademewanttoplayforever.Butmymusicaltalentdidnotsurvivemyteenageyears.ItwasnocompetitionforthefreedomIsoughtandeventuallyfoughtfor.WhenIhadahomeofmyown,thepianomostlysatunlovedoratleastunused,feelingfingersonthekeysonlyduringChristmasandwhenmyownchildrentookpianolessons.Iknoweveryinchofthispiano.Ispentyearsofmylifeinfrontofthispiano.Awaitingmyfreewilltoripenenoughtoreleasemefromlessons.Awaitingmylifetobegin.AwaitingmymothertoleavetheroomsoIcouldsecretlyreadmybookwhilepracticingscales.ItfeelslikeIamgivingawaythefamilypet.SohereIsitplayingmylasttunebeforethemoverstakethepianoawayandsurprisinglythereliesagrowingdesireforsomethingelse.Itistimetocleartheairtoletinadifferentmelody.Timetosay,“Thankyouforbeingpartofmylife,”takeabowandleavethestage…withonefinalnoterisingupalongsidethedustinasunbeam.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph1mean?A.Conflict. B.Challenge. C.Relationship. D.Understanding.5.Whydidtheauthorfeelfrustratedaboutplayingpiano?A.Shelackedthetalentinplayingthepiano.B.Shehadtogiveupactivitiessheenjoyed.C.Shefeltburdenedbecauseoftheresponsibility.D.Shecouldn’texpressheremotionsthroughmusic.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorinparagraph5?A.Theauthorlookedforwardtogrowingup.B.Thepianotookawaytheauthor’sfreedom.C.Theauthormadeagreatefforttolearnpiano.D.Theauthorpreferredreadingtoplayingthepiano.7.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AFarewelltoMyPiano. B.ChallengesofPlayingthePiano.C.LoveandResponsibilityinMusic. D.ReflectiononMyMusicalJourney.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己和一架鋼琴之間的愛(ài)恨情仇，決定要把它處理掉時(shí)的心情非常復(fù)雜?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。本句是文章主題句。根據(jù)第二段中“Somemaycharacterizeitasalove-haterelationship,eventhoughIbelievethebondbetweenusismorethanthat.Ofcourse,onthe“hate”sidetherewereplentyoffrustratinghoursspentpracticing,theforcedperformancesforrelatives,thetrimmedfingernails.(有些人可能會(huì)把它描述為愛(ài)恨情仇，盡管我相信我們之間的關(guān)系不止于此。當(dāng)然，在“討厭”的一面，有很多令人沮喪的練習(xí)時(shí)間，強(qiáng)迫為親戚表演，修剪指甲)”及第三段中“Therewasalsoloveonthatpianobench.(鋼琴凳上也有愛(ài))”可知，作者對(duì)這架二手鋼琴的情感是矛盾的，既有愛(ài)又有恨，由此可知?jiǎng)澗€詞詞義為“沖突、矛盾”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ofcourse,onthe‘hate’sidetherewereplentyoffrustratinghoursspentpracticing,theforcedperformancesforrelatives,thetrimmedfingernails.AndtheresponsibilityIhadtoshoulder,asmyfamilysacrificedalotformetohavepianolessons,becauseIhadtalent.Myteacherssaidsoand,truthfully,myheartsaidso,too.Butalltoooftenitfeltlikeaburden.(當(dāng)然，在“討厭”的一面，有很多令人沮喪的練習(xí)時(shí)間，強(qiáng)迫為親戚表演，修剪指甲。還有我必須承擔(dān)的責(zé)任，我的家人為了我上鋼琴課犧牲了很多，因?yàn)槲矣刑熨x。我的老師是這么說(shuō)的，說(shuō)實(shí)話，我的內(nèi)心也是這么說(shuō)的。但很多時(shí)候，這感覺(jué)像是一種負(fù)擔(dān))”可知，作者是因?yàn)橛辛诉@架鋼琴，多了很多責(zé)任，覺(jué)得很有負(fù)擔(dān)，所以對(duì)此感到沮喪。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Iknoweveryinchofthispiano.Ispentyearsofmylifeinfrontofthispiano.Awaitingmyfreewilltoripenenoughtoreleasemefromlessons.Awaitingmylifetobegin.AwaitingmymothertoleavetheroomsoIcouldsecretlyreadmybookwhilepracticingscales.(我對(duì)這架鋼琴了如指掌。我在這架鋼琴前度過(guò)了那么多年。等待我的自由意志成熟到足以讓我從教訓(xùn)中解脫出來(lái)。等待我的生活開(kāi)始。等著媽媽離開(kāi)房間，這樣我就可以一邊練音階一邊偷偷看書(shū))”可知，作者認(rèn)為練鋼琴占據(jù)了自己很多時(shí)間，剝奪了自己做自己喜歡做的事情的自由。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“ItfeelslikeIamgivingawaythefamilypet.SohereIsitplayingmylasttunebeforethemoverstakethepianoawayandsurprisinglythereliesagrowingdesireforsomethingelse.(感覺(jué)就像我把家里的寵物送人了。所以，在搬家公司把鋼琴搬走之前，我坐在這里彈奏最后一首曲子，令人驚訝的是，我越來(lái)越想要?jiǎng)e的東西)”可知，作者回顧了多年來(lái)對(duì)這架鋼琴的復(fù)雜情感，最后表示要把鋼琴處理掉了。所以AFarewelltoMyPiano.最適合作題目，farewell意為“告別，再見(jiàn)”。故選A項(xiàng)。CAtthefootofanIcelandicvolcano,anewly-openedplantistakingCO?fromtheairandturningittorock.Thistechnologyisknownas“directaircapture(捕捉)”orDAC.It’sabitlike“mining”theskyforCO?—simpleinprinciple,butverydifficulttocarryout.Todothis,youneedtherightgeographyconditions.ThatiswhyClimeworks,aSwisscompany,builttheOrcaplantinIceland.There,fansdrawairintobigblackcontainerswherethefilter(過(guò)濾器)catchesCO?.Oncethefilterisfull,itisheatedtoaround100℃toseparateCO?withsufficientenergyfromvolcanicactivity.Next,thecollectedCO?iscombinedwithwaterandpumpeddeepundergroundintorockformations.Withinafewyears,theCO?willturnintostone.However,excitingandpromisingasthistechnologyis,itwon’tsaveusfromclimatechangeonitsown.WhileOrca,thelargestplantofitskindintheworld,cancaptureupto4,000tonsofCO?peryear,theyearlyglobalemissions(排放)arearound33.4billiontonsofCO?,sotheplantcandealwith0.00001%ofouryearlyemissions.Besides,theprocessisexpensiveandrequireslargeamountsofenergy.DanielEgger,thechiefcommercialofficeratClimeworks,saidthatwhilehiscompanyisatan“industriallevel”,itisnotwhereitneedstobetomakeadifferenceinfightingclimatechange.Butwehavetolearntowalkbeforewecanrun.Carbonstorage(碳儲(chǔ)存)isjustarisingasatechnology.Itwon’thelpusfixclimatechangeyet,butitcanbeimportantdowntheline,ifwehavetherightconditionsforit.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutDACaccordingtothetext?A.Itisthebestwaytofixclimatechangeatpresent.B.Itrequiresenoughheatandenergytooperate.C.ItishighlydevelopedinremovingCO?.D.Itcanbeappliedanywhereintheworld.9.Whyaresomedatausedinparagraph3?A.Toindicatethebrightfutureofthetechnology.B.Toprovidetheresearchresultsforthereaders.C.ToshowthechallengesDACfacesatpresent.D.TocallformoreplantslikeOrcatobesetup.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetechnology?A.Unclear.B.Uninterested.C.Doubtful.D.Hopeful.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Asciencereport.B.Acompanyleaflet.C.Achemistrytextbook.D.Asocialwebpage.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的碳存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)——直接空氣捕獲技術(shù)（DAC），該技術(shù)能夠吸入空氣，并在高能支持下分離出二氧化碳，經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)間沉淀將其轉(zhuǎn)換成巖石。文章分析了其工作原理，面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，以及前景?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“There,fansdrawairintobigblackcontainerswherethefiltercatchesCO?.Oncethefilterisfull,itisheatedtoaround100℃toseparateCO?withsufficientenergyfromvolcanicactivity.(在那里，風(fēng)扇將空氣吸入黑色大容器，過(guò)濾器在那里捕捉CO?。一旦過(guò)濾器充滿，它就會(huì)被加熱到100℃左右，以足夠的能量從火山活動(dòng)中分離出CO?。)”以及文章第三段內(nèi)容“Besides,theprocessisexpensiveandrequireslargeamountsofenergy.(此外，這個(gè)過(guò)程是昂貴的，需要大量的能源。)”可知，DAC將CO?轉(zhuǎn)化成巖石的過(guò)程中需要吸入大量空氣并在濾芯加滿之后加熱到100℃，才能將CO?分離出來(lái)，同時(shí)需要大量的能源支持。因此可知，DAC技術(shù)需要足夠的熱量和能量才能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“WhileOrca,thelargestplantofitskindintheworld,cancaptureupto4000tonsofCO?peryear,theyearlyglobalemissionsarearound33.4billiontonsofCO?,sotheplantcandealwith0.00001%ofouryearlyemissions.(世界上最大的工廠——Orca每年最多能捕獲4000噸的CO?，但全球每年的CO?排放量約為334億噸，因此該工廠只能處理我們每年排放的0.00001%。)”列舉的數(shù)字可知，全球每年的CO?排放量約為334億噸，該工廠只能處理每年排放的0.00001%，能幫助處理的微乎其微，成本高，耗源大，由此可推知，這些數(shù)字表明了DAC目前面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Carbonstorageisjustarisingasatechnology.Itwon'thelpusfixclimatechangeyet,butitcanbeimportantdowntheline,ifwehavetherightconditionsforit.(碳儲(chǔ)存技術(shù)剛剛興起。它還不能幫助我們解決氣候變化問(wèn)題，但如果我們有合適的條件，它在未來(lái)可能很重要。)”可知，在作者看來(lái)，雖然碳存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)剛剛興起，還不能幫助解決氣候問(wèn)題，但是在將來(lái)合適條件下，碳存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)還是很重要的，由此可推知，對(duì)于該技術(shù)，作者是抱有希望的。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。通過(guò)閱讀文章內(nèi)容，可知文章首段內(nèi)容“AtthefootofanIcelandicvolcano,anewly-openedplantistakingCO?fromtheairandturningittorock.Thistechnologyisknownas‘directaircapture’orDAC.(在冰島的一座火山腳下，一家新開(kāi)業(yè)的工廠正在從空氣中提取CO?，并將其變成巖石。這種技術(shù)被稱(chēng)為“直接空氣捕獲（DAC）”。)”揭示了文章的中心話題，即，文章主要圍繞一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)“直接空氣捕獲（DAC）”為話題，講述了該技術(shù)的原理，面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，以及前景。由此可推知，文章應(yīng)是摘自科學(xué)新聞報(bào)道。故選A項(xiàng)。DYouprobablyknowthefeelingofhavingaheartymealatarestaurant,fullandsatisfied,butonlytakealookatthedessertmenuandyoudecidethecheesecakelooksjustirresistible.Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupasituationsimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.Theystartedbyofferingastandarddiettomicewhohadn’teatensincethepreviousday.That“meal”periodlastedfor90minutes,andthemiceateuntiltheycouldn’teatanymore.Thenitwastimefora30-minute“dessert”period.Inthefirstroundoftheexperiment,researchersofferedmiceextraregularfoodfordessert,andthemiceatejustalittlebitmore.Inthesecondround,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahigh-sugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,consumingsixtimesmorecaloriesthaninthefirstround.Inthemice,researchersmonitoredtheactivityofneurons(神經(jīng)元)thatareassociatedwithfeelingsoffullness.Theyfoundthatwhenthemicewereeatingthehighsugardiet,theneuronsreleasedachemicalwhichwasrelatedtopleasuresensorsintheirbrainandcausedafeelingofreward,makingthemicekeepeating.Whentheteamblockedthereleaseofthechemical,themicestayedawayfromthesugar.Theresearchersfoundthesamewentforhumanswhenscanningthebrainsofvolunteers,whowerefedsugardrinks.Thisledthescientiststoconcludethattheneuronactioninthehumanbraindrivestheconsumptionofhigh-sugarfoods.Researcherssaythefollow-upstudiesonthisneuralrewardsystemcouldthrowlightonhowsugaroverconsumptionmaycontributetothedevelopmentofobesity.12.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Totestnewdietsformice B.Toimprovedessertquality.C.Tohelppeopleeathealthily. D.Toexplaintheurgeforsweets.13.WhatdoesParagraph2tellusabouttheresearch?A.Theprocess. B.Theresult C.Thebasis. D.Thesubject.14.Whatmayleadtohumans’sugaroverconsumption?A.Thefeelingofbeingfull. B.Theblockingofcertainneurons.C.Thereleaseofachemical. D.Thepresenceofpleasuresensors.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhatMakesMicePreferSugar B.WhyThere’sAlwaysRoomforSugarC.HowWeResisttheTemptationofSugar D.WhetherConsumingSugarCausesObesity【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究解釋人飽餐后仍想吃甜食的原因：實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示高糖食物激活相關(guān)神經(jīng)元釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)，帶來(lái)愉悅獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，驅(qū)動(dòng)繼續(xù)進(jìn)食，后續(xù)研究或助于了解肥胖?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.(為什么你會(huì)例外地給自己來(lái)一份甜食呢？畢竟你已經(jīng)吃得太飽了，根本吃不下第二口了。多虧了最近的一項(xiàng)研究，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在對(duì)這種欲望的起源有了更深入的了解)”可知，研究人員開(kāi)展這項(xiàng)研究是為了解釋對(duì)甜食的渴望。故選D?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupasituationsimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.Theystartedbyofferingastandarddiettomicewhohadn’teatensincethepreviousday.That“meal”periodlastedfor90minutes,andthemiceateuntiltheycouldn’teatanymore.Thenitwastimefora30-minute“dessert”period.Inthefirstroundoftheexperiment,researchersofferedmiceextraregularfoodfordessert,andthemiceatejustalittlebitmore.Inthesecondround,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahigh-sugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,consumingsixtimesmorecaloriesthaninthefirstround.(研究人員以老鼠為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，試圖營(yíng)造出與上述人類(lèi)經(jīng)歷相似的情境。他們首先給那些自前一天起就未進(jìn)食的老鼠提供常規(guī)食物。這一“進(jìn)食”階段持續(xù)了90分鐘，老鼠會(huì)一直進(jìn)食直到再也吃不下為止。接下來(lái)是30分鐘的“甜點(diǎn)”階段。在第一輪實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員為老鼠提供了額外的常規(guī)食物作為“甜點(diǎn)”，老鼠的進(jìn)食量只是比第一輪多了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。在第二輪實(shí)驗(yàn)中，在“甜點(diǎn)”階段，他們給老鼠提供了一種高糖食物，持續(xù)30分鐘。老鼠真的對(duì)這種高糖食物情有獨(dú)鐘，攝入的熱量是第一輪的六倍)”可知，第二段向我們介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的研究過(guò)程。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyfoundthatwhenthemicewereeatingthehighsugardiet,theneuronsreleasedachemicalwhichwasrelatedtopleasuresensorsintheirbrainandcausedafeelingofreward,makingthemicekeepeating.Whentheteamblockedthereleaseofthechemical,themicestayedawayfromthesugar.Theresearchersfoundthesamewentforhumanswhenscanningthebrainsofvolunteers,whowerefedsugardrinks.Thisledthescientiststoconcludethattheneuronactioninthehumanbraindrivestheconsumptionofhigh-sugarfoods.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老鼠食用高糖飲食時(shí)，其神經(jīng)元會(huì)釋放一種與大腦中的愉悅感受器相關(guān)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，從而引發(fā)一種獎(jiǎng)賞感，使老鼠持續(xù)進(jìn)食。當(dāng)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)阻止這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)的釋放時(shí)，老鼠便不再靠近糖源。當(dāng)研究人員對(duì)接受含糖飲料的志愿者的大腦進(jìn)行掃描時(shí)，也發(fā)現(xiàn)了同樣的情況。這使得科學(xué)家們得出結(jié)論：人類(lèi)大腦中的神經(jīng)元活動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)著對(duì)高糖食物的攝入)”可知，導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)過(guò)度攝入糖分的原因可能是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)的釋放。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.(為什么你會(huì)例外地給自己來(lái)一份甜食呢？畢竟你已經(jīng)吃得太飽了，根本吃不下第二口了。多虧了最近的一項(xiàng)研究，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在對(duì)這種欲望的起源有了更深入的了解)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了研究解釋人飽餐后仍想吃甜食的原因：實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示高糖食物激活相關(guān)神經(jīng)元釋放化學(xué)物質(zhì)，帶來(lái)愉悅獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，驅(qū)動(dòng)繼續(xù)進(jìn)食，后續(xù)研究或助于了解肥胖?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“為什么總有吃糖的余地？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Bossy,dominant,controlling—havetheselabelsevercometomindwhenyouthinkofothersoryourself?Orhaveothersusedthesetermstodescribeyou?However,controlisn’tpurelynegative.____16____Itsroleinourlivesisfarmorecomplicated.Let’sunpackit.____17____Airtrafficcontrollersensureplanes’safenavigation.Teacherswhomanageclasseseffectivelycreateathrivingenvironment.Self-control,too,isacornerstone(基石)ofpersonalgrowth,helpinguspursuelongtermgoals.Theseallshowhowcontrolcanbeaforcefororderandprogress.Butwhencontrolchangesintoastrongdesiretobeinchargeallthetimeandmakeothersdoexactlywhatyouwant,manyproblemswillstarttoappear.Someindividualsusethreats,orevenforcetoimpose(強(qiáng)制實(shí)行)theirwill.____18____Ifyourecognizesuchbehaviorinothersorexperienceityourself,seekingsupportfromtrustedadultsiscrucial-theycanhelpaddresstheharm.Psychologistslinkthedesireforcontroltounderlyinganxiety.Whenwefeeluncertainorthatwedon’tknowwhattodoinlife,theneedtomanageeverylittlethingbecomesawaytodealwithourfeelings.Andgradually,itbecomesanegativecyclewhichgainsstrength.____19____Life’schangesoftensparkcontrolurges.Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedonetrigger(引發(fā))feelingsofpowerlessness.Transitionslikestartinganewschoolormovingtoadifferentcitycanalsodisrupt(擾亂)oursenseofstability.____20____It’sanaturalresponsetolife’sunpredictability.A.Thiscanbeaformofabuse.B.Controlhasclearpositiveapplications.C.Uncertaintyweakensourself-confidence.D.Thesenseoflosscanalsoexplainthereason.E.Insuchmoments,theneedtoregaincontrolbecomesintense.F.Actually,controldoesn’tfitneatlyinto“good”or“bad”boxes.G.Ifleftunchecked,itcandamagerelationshipsandgeneratestress.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討控制并非純負(fù)面，分析其正負(fù)作用及產(chǎn)生控制欲的原因?！?6題詳析】上文“However,controlisn’tpurelynegative.(然而，控制并不完全是負(fù)面的)”及下文“ Itsroleinourlivesisfarmorecomplicated.(它在我們生活中的作用要復(fù)雜得多)”說(shuō)明控制的作用很復(fù)雜，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)F中的“doesn’tfitneatlyinto“good”or“bad”boxes”與下文中的“farmorecomplicated”相呼應(yīng)。所以F選項(xiàng)“實(shí)際上，控制不能簡(jiǎn)單地歸入“好”或“壞”的范疇。”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳析】下文“Theseallshowhowcontrolcanbeaforcefororderandprogress.(這些都表明，控制可以成為秩序與進(jìn)步的推動(dòng)力)”說(shuō)明控制是有積極作用的，空處引出下文，選項(xiàng)B中的“positive”與下文中的“aforcefororderandprogress”相呼應(yīng)。所以B選項(xiàng)“控制有明顯的積極應(yīng)用”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文“Someindividualsusethreats,orevenforcetoimpose(強(qiáng)制實(shí)行)theirwill.(有些人會(huì)使用威脅，甚至暴力來(lái)強(qiáng)行推行自己的意志)”及下文“Ifyourecognizesuchbehaviorinothersorexperienceityourself,seekingsupportfromtrustedadultsiscrucial-theycanhelpaddresstheharm.(如果你在他人的行為中識(shí)別出這種表現(xiàn)，或自己正經(jīng)歷這種情況，向可信賴(lài)的成年人尋求幫助至關(guān)重要——他們可以幫助應(yīng)對(duì)由此造成的傷害)”說(shuō)明控制欲失控，是一種虐待，經(jīng)歷的人應(yīng)該向別人尋求幫助，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)A中的“abuse”與下文中的“suchbehavior”相呼應(yīng)。所以A選項(xiàng)“這可能是一種形式的虐待?！?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?9題詳析】上文“Whenwefeeluncertainorthatwedon’tknowwhattodoinlife,theneedtomanageeverylittlethingbecomesawaytodealwithourfeelings.Andgradually,itbecomesanegativecyclewhichgainsstrength.(當(dāng)我們感到不確定，或?qū)ι罡械矫悦r(shí)，掌控每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的需求就成了應(yīng)對(duì)情緒的一種方式。久而久之，這會(huì)形成一個(gè)不斷強(qiáng)化的負(fù)面循環(huán))”說(shuō)明我們不能放任這種負(fù)面情緒不管，選項(xiàng)G中的“it”與上文中的“theneedtomanageeverylittlething”相呼應(yīng)。所以G選項(xiàng)“如果不加以控制，它可能會(huì)破壞人際關(guān)系并引發(fā)壓力”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Life’schangesoftensparkcontrolurges.Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedonetrigger(引發(fā))feelingsofpowerlessness.Transitionslikestartinganewschoolormovingtoadifferentcitycanalsodisrupt(擾亂)oursenseofstability.(生活中的變化常常會(huì)激起控制的需求。身體或情緒上的變化、家庭沖突，或失去所愛(ài)之人，都會(huì)引發(fā)無(wú)力感。像開(kāi)始上新學(xué)校或搬到不同城市這樣的轉(zhuǎn)變，也會(huì)擾亂我們的穩(wěn)定感)”及下文“It’sanaturalresponsetolife’sunpredictability.(這是對(duì)生活不可預(yù)測(cè)性的一種自然反應(yīng))”說(shuō)明生活中的變化常常會(huì)讓控制的需求增多，空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)E中的“Insuchmoments”與上文中的“Physicaloremotionalchanges,familyconflicts,orthelossofalovedone”及“Transitions”相呼應(yīng)。所以E選項(xiàng)“在這樣的時(shí)刻，重新掌控的需求會(huì)變得強(qiáng)烈”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasincollegeattheUniversityofMinnesota,oneofmysenior-yearclassesinvolvedputtingtogetherawebsiteusingWix.Inthiswaywecan____21____someofthethingswehadworkedonduringouracademicyearsand____22____setusupforaneasiertimefinding____23____afterward.Ihadnever____24____thisbefore,whichtobehonestprobablyputmeata____25____incomparisontomyclassmates.Ihadbeen____26____inthesportsmediaofficeforabouttwoandahalfyearsatthatpoint.ButIneverthoughttotryand____27____everythingIhadworkedon.Meanwhile,someofmyfriendshadalwaysbeendoingthis,____28____withflashydesignsandmusic,readytohandtoapotentialemployer.Needlesstosay,mywebsite,while____29____informgivenhowlongIspentonthedesignlackedmuchfunctionorsubstance._____30_____,IpulledeverybitofworkIstillhadsittingaroundonmycomputerandprettymuchtriedevery_____31_____hopingthatmywebsitewouldatleastbe_____32_____andwouldn’tpullmylegsintheeyesofthehiringmanagers.Luckily,IendedupgettinganAonthe_____33_____.Farmorevaluablethanwhatitaddedtomy_____34_____,though,wasthevalueofthepushitgavemetoactually_____35_____caringaboutandrecordingtheworkthatIwasdoing.21.A.grasp B.discover C.undergo D.show22.A.patiently B.instantly C.hopefully D.continuously23.A.work B.belief C.class D.reward24.A.explained B.considered C.claimed D.witnessed25.A.distance B.risk C.disadvantage D.loss26.A.perceived B.employed C.recognized D.tolerated27.A.record B.design C.change D.detect28.A.accurate B.unfinished C.complex D.complete29.A.simple B.amusing C.great D.hopeless30.A.Gradually B.Obviously C.Constantly D.Desperately31.A.discount B.means C.report D.interview32.A.remarkable B.avoidable C.passable D.noticeable33.A.permission B.cooperation C.communication D.task34.A.grade B.edition C.reality D.school35.A.regret B.admit C.recall D.start【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在大學(xué)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)制作網(wǎng)站的經(jīng)歷。作者因之前未接觸過(guò)而處于劣勢(shì)，但通過(guò)努力最終獲得好成績(jī)。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者認(rèn)識(shí)到記錄和展示工作成果的重要性，從而開(kāi)始更加注重積累和呈現(xiàn)自己的工作?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)這種方式，我們可以展示我們?cè)诖髮W(xué)期間所從事的一些工作內(nèi)容，希望能為之后順利找到工作打下良好基礎(chǔ)。A.grasp抓?。籅.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.undergo經(jīng)歷；D.show展示。根據(jù)前文“oneofmysenior-yearclassesinvolvedputtingtogetherawebsiteusingWix.”以及后文“setusupforaneasiertimefindingworkafterward”可知，此處指的是通過(guò)制作網(wǎng)站來(lái)展示學(xué)業(yè)期間所做的工作，以便于之后找工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.patiently耐心地；B.instantly立即；C.hopefully有希望地；D.continuously連續(xù)不斷地。根據(jù)后文“setusupforaneasiertimefinding________afterward.”可知，作者和同學(xué)們希望通過(guò)展示學(xué)業(yè)期間所做的工作，能夠有希望更容易地找到工作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.work工作；B.belief信念；C.class班級(jí)；D.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)后文“thatmywebsitewouldatleastbe________andwouldn’tpullmylegsintheeyesofthehiringmanagers.”可知，作者和同學(xué)們希望通過(guò)展示學(xué)業(yè)期間所做的工作，以便于之后找工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我以前從未考慮過(guò)這樣做，說(shuō)實(shí)話，這可能使我在與同學(xué)相比時(shí)處于不利地位。A.explained解釋?zhuān)籅.considered考慮；C.claimed聲稱(chēng)；D.witnessed目擊。根據(jù)后文“ButIneverthoughttotryand________everythingIhadworkedon.”可知，作者以前從未考慮過(guò)制作網(wǎng)站來(lái)展示自己的工作，這可能使自己處于不利地位。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我以前從未考慮過(guò)這樣做，說(shuō)實(shí)話，這可能使我在與同學(xué)相比時(shí)處于不利地位。A.distance距離；B.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；C.disadvantage不利地位；D.loss損失。根據(jù)前文“Ihadnever________thisbefore”可知，作者沒(méi)有考慮過(guò)制作網(wǎng)站，由此推知，這樣做可能讓作者處于不利地位。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)我已經(jīng)在體育媒體辦公室工作了大約兩年半。A.perceived感知；B.employed雇傭，使用；C.recognized認(rèn)出；D.tolerated容忍。根據(jù)后文“inthesportsmediaofficeforabouttwoandahalfyears”可知，作者在體育媒體辦公室工作了大約兩年半，beemployedin表示“受雇于，從事于”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我從未想過(guò)要記錄下我所做的一切。A.record記錄；B.design設(shè)計(jì)；C.change改變；D.detect檢測(cè)。根據(jù)后文“caringaboutandrecordingtheworkthatIwasdoing”可知，作者從未想過(guò)要記錄下自己所做的工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，我的一些朋友總是這樣做，他們的網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)精美，音樂(lè)動(dòng)聽(tīng)，準(zhǔn)備充分，可以交給潛在的雇主。A.accurate準(zhǔn)確的；B.unfinished未完成的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.complete完整的，充分的。根據(jù)后文“withflashydesignsandmusic,readytohandtoapotentialemployer”可知，作者的一些朋友的網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)精美，音樂(lè)動(dòng)聽(tīng)，準(zhǔn)備充分，可以交給潛在的雇主。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不用說(shuō)，我的網(wǎng)站盡管在設(shè)計(jì)上投入了大量時(shí)間，形式上十分精美，但在功能和內(nèi)容上卻有很大欠缺。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.amusing有趣的；C.great好的；D.hopeless無(wú)望的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及后文“givenhowlongIspentonthedesign”可知，作者在設(shè)計(jì)上花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，所以網(wǎng)站形式很好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，我把電腦里存著的所有作品都翻了出來(lái)，幾乎想盡了一切辦法，只希望我的網(wǎng)站至少能過(guò)得去，不至于在招聘經(jīng)理眼里丟人現(xiàn)眼。A.Gradually逐漸地；B.Obviously顯然地；C.Constantly不斷地；D.Desperately絕望地。根據(jù)后文“IpulledeverybitofworkIstillhadsittingaroundonmycomputer”可知，作者顯然為了網(wǎng)站能更好，找出了電腦上所有能找到的作品都拿了出來(lái)。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.discount折扣；B.means方法；C.report報(bào)告；D.interview采訪。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及上文“IpulledeverybitofworkIstillhadsittingaroundonmycomputer

”可知，作者嘗試了每一種方法，希望網(wǎng)站能過(guò)得去。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同10小題。A.remarkable非凡的；B.avoidable可避免的；C.passable過(guò)得去的；D.noticeable顯眼的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及后文“wouldn’tpullmylegsintheeyesofthehiringmanagers”可知，作者希望網(wǎng)站至少能過(guò)得去，不會(huì)在招聘經(jīng)理眼中顯得丟人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我在這項(xiàng)任務(wù)上最終得了A。A.permission允許；B.cooperation合作；C.communication交流；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及前文提到的“oneofmysenior-yearclassesinvolvedputtingtogetherawebsiteusingWix”可知，制作網(wǎng)站是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，作者在這項(xiàng)任務(wù)上得了A。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，遠(yuǎn)比它給我的成績(jī)更有價(jià)值的是，它給了我一個(gè)開(kāi)始關(guān)心和記錄我所做工作的推動(dòng)力。A.grade成績(jī)；B.edition版本；C.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；D.school學(xué)校。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及前文“IendedupgettinganA”可知，此處指的是網(wǎng)站任務(wù)給作者帶來(lái)的成績(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，遠(yuǎn)比它給我的成績(jī)更有價(jià)值的是，它給了我一個(gè)開(kāi)始關(guān)心和記錄我所做工作的推動(dòng)力。A.regret后悔；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.recall回憶；D.start開(kāi)始。根據(jù)上文“Ihadneverthisbefore,”和后文“caringaboutandrecordingtheworkthatIwasdoing”可知，網(wǎng)站任務(wù)給了作者一個(gè)開(kāi)始關(guān)心和記錄自己所做工作的推動(dòng)力。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Foroverathousandyears,theancientSilkRoadconnectedChinawithCentralAsiaandbeyond,sonamedbecausesilkwasoneoftheprimegoodsexported.Today,fordesignerFanYanyan,silkhasonceagainbecomeamediumofcross-borderconnection.____36____(inspire)bythemuralartinDunhuang,Gansuprov