高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省某學校2025-2026學年高二上學期12月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAnimal-likerobotsarepopular.Andyet,saysBarbaraMazzolai,anItalianroboticist,thefieldofroboticsisfarlessinterestedinexploringtheothermajorcategoryoflivingthings—plants.Sheputstheunwillingnessdowntoamisconception(誤解)abouttheusefulnessofplantbehavior:thattheyarecapableofneithermotionnorperception(感知).“It’snottrueatall,”shesays.Dr.MazzolaiandherteamrecentlycreatedFiloBot,arobotbasedonclimbingplants.Liketherealthing.FiloBotiscapableofgrowing,attachingtoandwrappingitselfaroundsupports,andadaptingitselftoanenvironmentinresponsetoexternalstimuli.FiloBotimitatesthebehaviorsofaclimbingtreeusingsensorsinitsheadwhichisalsoequippedwithalayerofplasticandaheatingelement.Bysofteningandextruding(擠壓出)theplasticinacircularpattern,itcan3D-printitsownbodyatarateoftwotosevenmillimetersperminute.Dependingonbrightnessanddirection,itchangestheheatthattheplasticisexposedto—lowertemperaturesresultinalighterbodythatincreasesinsizemorequickly,whilehighertemperaturesmakeitthickerandstrongerandgrowmoreslowly.TheresearchersfoundthatthesesimplefunctionalitieswereenoughtoletFiloBotmovethroughacomplexandunseenenvironment,crossgapsandfindthingstoattachto.Thelackofheavyon-boardcomputinghardware,theysay,meansthatitmoveseasilyandrequiresminimalmonitoring,whileitsslowpacemeansthatitdoesn’tdisturbthingsaroundit.Theysupposethatthismakesitsuitableforpotentialapplicationsincludingenvironmentalmonitoringinhard-to-reachlocations,ormonitoringdisastersiteswhereexistingfacilitiesisunstable.Dr.Mazzolaihopesthatsuchprojectswillmotivateotherroboticiststodrawinspirationfromplants.Theplantkingdomisaworld,shesays,withacompletelydifferentapproachtotheanimalone.“Andwecandevelopnewtechnologiesandartificialsolutions,becauseitissodifferent.”1.Whatleadstolimitedexplorationofplant-likerobots?A.Theslowgrowthrateofplants.B.Thelackofplantresearchcapability.C.Themisunderstandingofplantbehavior.D.Thedifficultyofapplyingplant-likerobots.2.HowdoesFiloBotgrow?A.Bypressingamotionsensor. B.Byexposingitselftosunlight.C.Bypushingoutsoftenedplastic. D.Bycontrollingoutsidetemperature.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topointoutthevalueofrobotics. B.Topresentanewlyinventedrobot.C.Tocallformoreresearchintorobots. D.Tocorrectamisconceptionaboutplants.BTimemagazinehaschosenits2024KidoftheYear—andit’sHemanBekele,ateenagerwhocouldchangethewayskincanceristreated.AsastudentfromFairfax’sWoodsonHighSchool,BekeledivideshistimebetweentheclassroomandthelabatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,wherehe’sinventingasoapthatcouldonedaytreatthedeadlydisease.“IwasraisedunderthethoughtthatIcouldalwaysaskquestions,andbeascuriousaspossible,”Bekelesaid.“Andthispushedmetothefieldofscience.”SomeofBekele’searliestmemorieswereseeingfarmersworkundertheterribleheatwithnoheatprotectionfromthesun’sUVraysinEthiopia,wherehewasborn.ThiswasonefactorthatmadehimtackleskincancerafterhemovedtotheUS.Athome,Bekele—who’dentertainhimselfforhoursasachildbymixingtogetheranyhouseholdproductshecouldgethishandsonandseeingwhatwouldhappen—beganwonderinghowhecouldhelp.“What’sonethingthatisaninternationallyimpactfulidea,somethingeveryonecanuse,regardlessofsocioeconomicclass?”Bekeleaskedhimself.“Almosteveryoneusessoapandwaterforcleaning.Sosoapwouldprobablybethebestoption.”SoBekelebeganhisdeliberatetrial-and-errorprocess,whichledhimtolearnaboutacream-basedskincancertreatmentcalledImiquimodthatdidproducedesiredresults—butcancostasmuchas$180fortheuninsuredinAmerica.Inspiredbythecream,Bekeledesignedhisaffordablesoap.Bekeleknewhe’dneedanactuallabtorefinehiscreation.Bekeleappliedto—andwon—theMinnesota-basedtechcompany3M’sYoungScientistChallengein2023,securing$25,000andthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”.Now,withthehelpofJohnsHopkins’professorandbiologistVitoRebecca,Bekelehasbeentestingthesoaponmiceattheuniversity’slabforalmosthalfayear.Thesoapstillhasalongwaytogo:Testing,patentingitandgettingFDAcertificationcouldtakeadecade.Buteventhen,Bekelewillonlybe25yearsold.4.WhatinitiallyinspiredBekeletocomeupwithhisideatocureskincancer?A.Thefarmers’exposuretothehotsun.B.Hisjourneyfromtheclassroomtothelab.C.Thedeadlydiseaseheoncesufferedfrom.D.HisbeingnamedTime’sKidoftheYear.5.WhatdoweknowaboutImiquimod?A.ItwasinventedbyBekele. B.Bekeleproveditssideeffects.C.Itiseffectivebutexpensive. D.Bekeleproduceditforhissoap.6.WhydidBekeleparticipateintheYoungScientistChallenge?A.TomeetProfessorVitoRebecca. B.Togetsupporttobetterhissoap.C.Togainthesoappatentfrom3M. D.Topromoteready-madeproducts.7.WhatcanwelearnfromBekele’sstory?A.Thinkingandactionmeanpotentialsuccess.B.Successwillgetpersonaldesiressatisfied.C.Beingfamousisagreatthirstoftheyoung.D.Geniusestendtogetthingsdonecreatively.CAsystemthathelpsvisuallyimpaired(視覺受損的)peopletonavigatetheirsurroundingsusingcameras,earphonesandartificialintelligence(AI)couldofferadvantagesoverconventionalsticksforpeoplelivinginlargecities.Camerashaveahigherrangethanastick,whichcantypicallydetectobstacles(障礙物)thatarearoundonemetreinfrontoftheperson.Thesystemfeaturesapairofglassesequippedwithacamerathatcapturesliveimagesofthewearer’ssurroundings.Atinycomputerprocessestheseimagestodetectthepresenceofotherpeopleandobjectssuchasdoors,wallsandfurniture.Thedevicegivestheuseraudiocuesabouttheirsurroundingsevery250milliseconds,producingasoundineithertherightorleftearphonetoguidethemintherightdirection.Theresearchersalsocreatedflexible“artificialskin”layersthatuserswearontheirwristsandfingers,foradditionalnavigationalassistance.Thebandsareequippedwiththeirowncamerasystemandthelayersvibrate(震動)towarnthewearerwhenanobstacleisbetween40centimetresand50centimetresaway.Theresearchersfirstworkedwith12participantswithvisualimpairmentstoevaluatehowwellthesystemcouldhelpthemtoavoidobstacleswhenwalkingthroughrooms.Aftertrainingwiththesystem,allparticipantswereabletonavigateindoors.Inanothertrial,thetechnologycontinuedtoperformwellwheneightparticipantstestedthedeviceinreal-worldsituations-includingwalkingonacitystreetandthroughaconferenceroomwithfurniture.Theapproachisuniqueincombiningaudioandtouchfeedbacktokeepusersawareofwhatisaroundthem,saysEduardoFernándezJover,amedicaldoctoratMiguelHernándezUniversity.“It’saproofofconcept.Theystillneedtoproveitinahighernumberofsubjectsaswellaspeopleofdifferentages.Theauthorsnowplantoadjustthedesignofthedevicetomakeitlighterandtinier.Thenit’smoreinvisible,sopeoplewillfeelcomfortabletouseit.”saysstudyco-authorLeileiGu,anAIresearcheratShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityinChina.8.Whymightthenewsystembebetterfortheblind?A.Itreplacestheneedforawalkingstick.B.Itcandetectthingsfartherthanastick.C.Ithasbeeninvisibleandcomfortabletouse.D.Ithasmorecamerasthanothersmartdevices.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Howthesystemfunctions. B.Howaudiocuesareused.C.Howthesystemdetectsobstacles. D.Howartificialskinlayersarecreated.10.Whatmakesthisnavigationsystemspecial?A.Itusesbothhearingandtouchfeedback. B.Itneedsnotrainingtoworkwell.C.Itcanbeappliedtopeopleofdifferentages. D.Itcanbeusedinanyreal-worldsituation.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AIGlassesandSkinLayersforNavigationB.SmarterWayfortheBlindtoWalkintheCityC.NewTechHelpsBlindPeopleAvoidObstaclesD.High-TechToolstoAssisttheVisuallyImpairedDIstext-messagingdrivingusapart?Thesedays,wetalktoeachotheralotwithourthumbs—sendingsixbilliontextmessagesaday,andlikelyafewbillionmoreonserviceslikeWhatsApp.Butsomeworrythatsomuchmessagingleadstolesscommunication.Forinstance,whenhangingoutwithfriends,we’dbetextingsecretivelyatthesametime,pretendingtomaintaineyecontactbutmentallysomewhereelse.Newtechnologiesoftenupsetthewaywerelatetooneanother,ofcourse.Butsuchdivisioncausedbytextinghaveastrongechointheargumentswehadovertelephoneahundredyearsago.Thesmalldevicegaveusanewwaytocontactoneanotherandquicklypromotenewformsofsocializing.Callersarrangedregular“visiting”calls,dialingremotefamilytocatchuponnews.Soon,though,socialcriticsthoughtitwouldbesoeasytotalkthatwe’dneverleaveeachotheralone.Othersworriedthatthetelephonespeduplife,demandinginstantreactions.Theuseofthetelephonegavelittleroomforreflection.Itproducedacrazinessintheordinaryconcernsoflifewhichdidn’tmakefordomestichappiness.“Weshallsoonbenothingbuttransparentpilesofjelly(果凍)toeachother,”aLondonwritermoanedin1897.However,nowadaysthetelephonecallseemslikeathrowbacktoagentlerera.WhenJennaBirch,acommunicationprofessorattheUniversityofIowa,starteddatingamanwhoinsistedoncallingheronthephone,shefounditwarmanddelightful.Soshedoesn’tthinktheshifttotextinghasdegradedourinteractions.Accordingtoherstudy,teenagerswhotextthemostarealsothosewhospendthemosttimefacetofacewithfriends.Communication,itseems,bringsmorecommunication,and—assheargues—justbecausetalkhappensintextdoesn’tmeanit’snotmeaningful.MichéleMartinofCarletonUniversity,thinkswe’relivingthroughareplayofthetelephone,wherethethingsthatmadeitvaluable—instantcommunications—arethesamethatmadeitannoying.“Peoplebelievetheyareliberatedbecausetheycanbringthemobilephoneeverywhere,”Martinsays.“Butatthesametime,theyareslavestoit.”12.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Todescribeascene.C.Toofferanargument. D.Toissueawarning.13.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatdoestelephoneusecause?A.Peopleexperienceverytightschedule. B.Peopletendtolackindividuality.C.Peoplebecomenarrowanduninformed. D.Peoplelosetheabilitytoreflect.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?A.Telephonecallsareparticularlywelcomedindating.B.Teenagersareaddictedtocommunicatingbytexting.C.Theshifttotextingisdestructivetoface-to-facetime.D.Themeaningofcommunicationgoesbeyondmedium.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.OhMyGod!We’veBeenHereBefore! B.GonewiththeWind,DearTexting!C.LifeisTooShortforSoManyTexting. D.Oh,Telephone,aTaleofTwoSides.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheDailyHabitsofEffectiveLeadersLeadershipisoftenperceivedasagiftwithbirth.____16____LifecoachAllisonTaskhighlightsthatbyadoptingspecificdailyhabitsandmentalshifts,anyonecanlearntostepintoaroleofgreaterinfluenceandresponsibility.Everyonehasaccesstothesameinformation;thedifferenceliesinhowit’sused.____17____Leadersidentifyopportunitiesinsituationsandhelpothersdothesame.Crucially,youdon’tneedtobebornwiththisskill,insteaditcanbebuiltbyfocusingonopportunities,especiallyintoughtimes.AllisonTaskonceworkedatEarthWeb,whereCEOJackHidary(aformerNYCmayorcandidate)oftensaid,“____18____”Hewouldexplainmarketideas,thenwaitforteammemberstorephrasethevisionintheirownwords—ensuringeveryonefeltinvestedinthegoal.Whilethiscommunicationtakestime,itavoidsthebiggertroubleofleadingalonewhiletheteammemberswanderoffindifferentdirections.Taskoncegreetedatherapistwhohasanofficeinherbuilding.Heresponded,“Crazy,likeusual,”andhurriedoff.He’stalkingaboutbeingcrazy.____19____Ifhecan’tdothatinhisownlife,howcanhehelppeoplelivetheirs?Leadersareconstantrolemodels.Theirbehavior—fromhowtheytreatotherstotheirpersonalhabitsregardingsleep,diet,andexercise—iscontinuouslyobservedandsubconsciouslyfollowedbytheirteam.Inconclusion,thejourneytobecominganeffectiveleaderisaccessibletoall.Itbeginswithcultivatingamindsetthatseeksopportunityinadversity,ensuressharedunderstandingthroughdeliberatecommunication,andleadsbyexampleinbothprofessionalandpersonalconduct.____20____A.Itisn’tsaiduntileveryonesaysit.B.Isn’tatherapist’sgoaltohelppeoplebelesscrazy?C.Realleadersdon’tgettrappedinthewormholeofsocialmedia.D.Itisacollectionofskillsthatcanbeintentionallydeveloped,though.E.Onarainyday,onecancomplainorseizethechancetosellumbrellas.F.Byintegratingthesehabits,individualscanstepintorewardingleadershiproles.G.It’seasytobelievethatleadersarebraveandconfidentenoughtotakeboldrisks.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ThePoseidonEffectLateoneautumndayatthelocalswimmingpoolinAncenis,France,an18-year-oldnamedJeanLeRoycameforhisregulareveningswiminthe25-metrepool.Whenpeoplearedrowning,theydon’tusuallyshoutand_____21_____inthewayithappensontelevision.Mostpeopledrownquite_____22_____,withthepersonquicklysinkingbeneaththewater.Ontheevening,LeRoywastestinghowfarhecouldswimunderwater_____23_____onebreath.Atsomemoment,ashewasdoingthis,hebecameunconscious._____24_____hetriedhecouldn’tbreathe.Hesanktothebottomofthepool.LeRoywasdrowning.Luckilyforhim,theswimmingpoolwas____25____withanelectronicsurveillancesystemcalledPoseidon.Althoughthehumanlifeguardshadnotnoticed,12largemachineeyesdeepunderwaterwerewatchingthewholething.Poseidonhasunderwatercameraswhich_____26_____peopleastheyswim.Thecamerasareconnectedtoacomputer.Itis_____27_____torecognize_____28_____aswimmerisnotmovingnormally.ThelifeguardsattheAncenispoolwerewearingaspecialdevicethat_____29_____whenthecomputerdetectedapossibleproblem.SixteensecondsafterPoseidonnoticedLeRoy’sbody,thelifeguardshadpulledhimoutofthepool.Hestartedbreathingagain.Afteronenightinhospital,hewassenthomecompletely_____30_____.Poseidonhadsavedhislife.MachineslikePoseidoncompletelychangehowwelive.Thinkofyourlifebeforetheansweringmachinewasinvented.Thinkofyourgrandparents’livesbeforethetelevisionandtheairplanewereintroduced.Thechangewillbejustasgreat.Itis_____31_____happening.Soon,machineswillrecognizeourfacesandourfingerprints.Theywill_____32_____fordrowningpeople,for____33____carryingbombs,forspeedingdriversandheartpatients.Imaginedevicesthatmonitorababy’sbreathingandtrackchildrenastheygotoandfromschool.Imaginemachines_____34_____quietsignalstonearbycomputers,whichwillsendinformationtoyourdoctor,yourlawyer,andthelocalpolice.Astimepasses,moreandmoreofourliveswillbe_____35_____bymachines.Theywillknowallaboutus.21.A.splash B.cry C.yell D.scream22.A.soon B.quietly C.silently D.simply23.A.in B.within C.over D.on24.A.Nomatterhow B.However C.Whoever D.Whatever25.A.established B.installed C.set D.equipped26.A.show B.film C.propagate D.outline27.A.postulated B.made C.programmed D.relayed28.A.whether B.when C.while D.if29.A.alarmed B.beeped C.warned D.alerted30.A.healthy B.normal C.safe D.well31.A.always B.merely C.readily D.already32.A.watchout B.takecare C.lookback D.goover33.A.terrorists B.invalids C.senators D.tyrants34.A.willsend B.tosend C.send D.sending35.A.recorded B.checked C.monitored D.supervised第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerous___36___(contribution)totheworld,themostwell-known___37___(be)thegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasa___38___(courage)andkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.ThisgentlegeniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,___39___obtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,___40___(enter)universityin1896andgraduatingin1900.Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,___41___waslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.Followingthis,he___42___(gradual)becamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,he___43___(award)the1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhis___44___(explain)ofthephotoelectriceffect.Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceived____45____electricshock.On18April1955,itwasreportedthatEinsteinhadpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假如你是李華，上周游覽了家附近新開的城市公園并在朋友圈發(fā)了照片。你的新西蘭好友Peter看到后很感興趣，想了解更多信息。請你寫封郵件向他介紹該公園。內容要點包括：1.公園名字和位置。2.休閑活動。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearPeter,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Recently,myworkhasbeenincrediblyoverwhelming—theconstantdeadlines,endlessmeetings,andhighexpectationsarereallywearingmedown,makingmelostinlife.It’shardtoquietmymindtofocusonanythi