絕密★啟用前2026年高考二輪信息必刷卷03英語(yǔ)考情速遞高考?新動(dòng)向題型嚴(yán)格契合上海高考英語(yǔ)框架，全面考查語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)、閱讀理解、語(yǔ)篇表達(dá)等核心能力。選材聚焦生態(tài)保護(hù)、文化傳承、科學(xué)探索等主題，凸顯“立德樹(shù)人”與跨學(xué)科融合：語(yǔ)法填空圍繞“環(huán)保駕駛”展開(kāi)，銜接生態(tài)保護(hù)與生活實(shí)踐；閱讀A篇（公益旅游）探討善意與實(shí)效的平衡，B篇（未探索之地）融合地理、生態(tài)與探險(xiǎn)精神，C篇（蝙蝠保護(hù)）聚焦環(huán)保成效與挑戰(zhàn)，D篇（左撇子運(yùn)動(dòng)優(yōu)勢(shì)）融入科學(xué)研究與運(yùn)動(dòng)常識(shí)。命題強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)篇真實(shí)性與實(shí)用性，側(cè)重在真實(shí)情境中考查語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用與邏輯思維能力。高考?新情境命題情境緊扣時(shí)代議題與科學(xué)探索，覆蓋三大主題語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)法填空以“環(huán)保駕駛與出行選擇”為情境，提供綠色生活方案，貼合生態(tài)保護(hù)趨勢(shì)；閱讀A篇（公益旅游的反思）聚焦國(guó)際援助的倫理思考，引導(dǎo)理性行善；B篇（馬里亞納海溝、雅瓦里谷等未探索之地）融合地理知識(shí)與探險(xiǎn)精神，激發(fā)認(rèn)知興趣；C篇（英國(guó)蝙蝠保護(hù)）探討環(huán)保政策與發(fā)展的平衡，體現(xiàn)辯證思維；六選四（左撇子運(yùn)動(dòng)優(yōu)勢(shì)）融入科學(xué)研究過(guò)程，培養(yǎng)科學(xué)素養(yǎng)。情境設(shè)置兼具知識(shí)性與思想性，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)聯(lián)現(xiàn)實(shí)、深度思考。命題?大預(yù)測(cè)閱讀語(yǔ)篇選材將持續(xù)聚焦生態(tài)保護(hù)、科學(xué)探索、文化倫理（如公益旅游、蝙蝠保護(hù)、未探索之地），說(shuō)明文側(cè)重科學(xué)知識(shí)與現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題結(jié)合，記敘文注重實(shí)踐反思與情感體驗(yàn)，應(yīng)用文強(qiáng)調(diào)信息傳遞與實(shí)用價(jià)值。命題將強(qiáng)化深度思維與科學(xué)邏輯考查，推理判斷題、詞義猜測(cè)題需結(jié)合科學(xué)常識(shí)與語(yǔ)篇邏輯（如蝙蝠種群變化原因、左撇子運(yùn)動(dòng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的科學(xué)依據(jù)），信息整合題注重對(duì)多維度內(nèi)容的歸納（如環(huán)保政策的成效與挑戰(zhàn)），引導(dǎo)辯證思考現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。語(yǔ)用能力考查更靈活務(wù)實(shí)，六選四聚焦科學(xué)研究的邏輯銜接（如左撇子優(yōu)勢(shì)的研究過(guò)程），完形填空側(cè)重語(yǔ)境化詞義辨析（如共享文檔協(xié)作中的行為與心理關(guān)聯(lián)），翻譯與書(shū)面表達(dá)聚焦真實(shí)情境（如攝影工作坊選擇建議），強(qiáng)調(diào)表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性與實(shí)用性。(時(shí)間105分鐘，滿分115分)考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題紙上用鋼筆或水筆清楚填寫(xiě)姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)，并用鉛筆正確涂寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。2.答案必須全部涂寫(xiě)在答題紙上。如用鉛筆答題，或?qū)懺谠嚲砩弦惨宦刹唤o分。II.GrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Walking,cyclingorhoppingontopublictransportarethebestwaystotravelwithacleanconscience.Yetcarsremainanimportantoptionformanyfamiliesbecauseofitsconvenience.Forpeopleinruralareas,orwithmobilityproblems,acarcanbeanessentiallifeline.Drivewithstyle1kindofcaryourun,onethingisforsure.Thoughyoumayfeelconfidentofyourdrivingskills,theleastreliablepartwillbeyou:yourdrivingstylehasamassiveimpact2thefuelneeded,withacceleration,gearchangingandbrakingallplayingasignificantrole.Inchingalongatthepaceofachild’stricycle3feeleconomicalbutwon’tmagicallyyieldpeakeconomy.Inmostmoderncars,4(accelerate)normally,changingupat2,000rpminadiesel,or2,500rpminapetrolpoweredcar.Onceatasensiblesteadyspeed,choosethehighestgear5willlettheenginerunwithoutlaboring.Anumberofecodrivingappsareavailableforsmartphonestohelpyouimproveyoursmoothness.TheAGlassofWateriPhoneappofferstipstohelpyouavoidspillingadrop.ThefreeRACTrafficappisalsoagreatwaytoavoidwastingfuelintrafficjams.It’salsoimportantto:Leavejunkathome.Carryextraweightinthebootwastesexcessfuel.Leaveingoodtimeanddon’tspeed.6extra10mphonthemotorwaywilladd10%toyourfuelbill.PowerPlaysItmaybedecades7alternativefuelssuchashydrogenbeemonplace,buthybrid(混合動(dòng)力)carsthatusebatterypowertoboostapetrolordieselenginearealreadyavailableineverycategory.Itmeansmanyfamiliesmightfindanelectricvehicleideal8asecondcar.Sellyourwheels,stilltravelbycar9youneedacarforshortperiods,suchasshopping,andliveinacity,considerashorttermcarhireservicesuchasZipcar10_______owningacar.【答案】1．Whatever2．on3．may4．a(chǎn)ccelerate5．that6．An7．before8．a(chǎn)s9．If10．insteadof【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了如何通過(guò)改變駕駛習(xí)慣、利用科技和選擇合適的車(chē)輛來(lái)環(huán)保駕駛，以及替代出行方式。1．考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論你開(kāi)什么樣的車(chē)，有一件事是肯定的。此處表示“無(wú)論什么”，應(yīng)用whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Whatever。2．考查介詞。句意：雖然你可能對(duì)自己的駕駛技術(shù)很有信心，但最不可靠的部分將是你自己：你的駕駛風(fēng)格對(duì)所需燃料有巨大影響，加速、換擋和剎車(chē)都起著重要作用。表示“對(duì)……有巨大影響”，應(yīng)用固定搭配haveamassiveimpacton。故填on。3．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：以?xún)和嗆?chē)的速度緩慢行駛可能會(huì)感覺(jué)經(jīng)濟(jì)，但不會(huì)神奇地產(chǎn)生最佳的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。此處表示“可能會(huì)”，表示“輕微的可能性”，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞might，后接動(dòng)詞原形feel。故填might。4．考查祈使句。句意：在大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)中，正常加速即可，柴油車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到2000轉(zhuǎn)/分時(shí)換擋，汽油車(chē)達(dá)到2500轉(zhuǎn)/分時(shí)換擋。此處為祈使句，需用動(dòng)詞accelerate“加速”的原形開(kāi)頭，故填accelerate。5．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：一旦達(dá)到合理的穩(wěn)定速度，選擇最高檔位，讓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在不費(fèi)力的情況下運(yùn)行。此處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為gear，指物，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，且先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)highest修飾，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。6．考查冠詞。句意：在高速公路上每小時(shí)多開(kāi)10英里，燃油費(fèi)用就會(huì)增加10%。根據(jù)句意可知，表示泛指“一個(gè)額外的每小時(shí)10英里”，且extra發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。故填A(yù)n。before...句意：氫氣等替代燃料可能需要幾十年才能普及，但使用電池動(dòng)力來(lái)增強(qiáng)汽油或柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的混合動(dòng)力汽車(chē)已經(jīng)在各個(gè)類(lèi)別中都有銷(xiāo)售?！癐tmaybe+一段時(shí)間+before...”為固定句型，意為“可能要過(guò)多久才……”，故填before。8．考查介詞。句意：這意味著許多家庭可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)作為第二輛車(chē)是理想的。此處表示“作為”，應(yīng)用介詞as。故填as。9．考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你需要短時(shí)間用車(chē)，比如購(gòu)物，而且住在城市里，可以考慮使用Zipcar等短期租車(chē)服務(wù)，而不是自己買(mǎi)車(chē)。此處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”用if引導(dǎo)，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)f。10．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如果你需要短時(shí)間用車(chē)，比如購(gòu)物，而且住在城市里，可以考慮使用Zipcar等短期租車(chē)服務(wù)，而不是自己買(mǎi)車(chē)。此處表示“而不是”，應(yīng)用固定短語(yǔ)insteadof。故填insteadof。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．targeted

B．limit

C．subject

D．insightful

E.justify

F.projectedG.chiefly

H.accessible

I.admittedly

J.purchase

K.prizedWelivetodayindebtedtoMcCardell,Cashin,andotherwomenwhofreedAmericanfashionfromthe11ofParisiandesign.Thesedesignersestablishedthemoderndresscode,lettingplaysuitsandotheractiveoutfitssuitcasualclothing,allowingpantstoenterthewardrobe,andpromotingrationalismandutility(實(shí)用性)indress,incontrasttodressingforanoccasion.FashioninAmericawaslogicaland12onlytothewillofthewomenwhoworeit.Americanfashionaddressedademocracy,whereastraditionalParisbasedfashionwasconventionalandimposedonwomen,willingornot.Inanearliertime,13,AmericanfashionhadfollowedtheleadofParis,orevenpirated(竊用)specificFrenchdesigns.However,designersportswearwasnotmodeledonthatofEurope;itwasgenuinelyinventedanddevelopedinAmerica.Thedesignobjectiveandthebusinessmitmentwere14atsportswear,andthedistinctivetraitswereproblemsolvingingenuity(獨(dú)創(chuàng)性)andrealisticlifestyleapplications.Easeofcarewasmostimportant:summerdressesandoutfits,inparticular,were15cotton,readilycapableofbeingwashedandpressedathome.Clothesweresimple,practical,and16,asthemodernwomandependedonnopersonalmaidtodressher.Americandesigners17thefreedomofwomenwhoworetheclothing.Manyhavearguedthatthewomendesignersofthattime18theirownclothingvaluesintoanewstyle.Ofcourse,muchofthisargumentinthe1930s40swasadvancedbecausetherewaslittleornoexperienceindesigningclothesonthebasisofutility.Butcouldutilityalone19thenewideasoftheAmericandesigners?Fashionisoftenregardedasapursuitofbeauty,andsomecherishedfashion’srelationshiptothefinearts.WhatthedesignersoftheAmericansportswearprovedwasthatfashionisadesignart,answeringtothedemandingneedsofservice.Ofcoursethesepractical,20designershavedeterminedthecourseoflatetwentiethcenturyfashion.Theywerethepioneersofgenderequity,intheiruseful,adaptableclothing,whichwasbothmadeforthemassesandcapableofselfexpression.【答案】11．B12．C13．I14．A15．G16．H17．K18．F19．E20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章核心為美國(guó)女性設(shè)計(jì)師將時(shí)尚從巴黎束縛中解放，以實(shí)用為核心引領(lǐng)潮流。free...fromof...當(dāng)感謝麥卡德?tīng)?、卡欣和其他女性，是她們將美?guó)時(shí)尚從巴黎設(shè)計(jì)的限制中解放出來(lái)。此處表示美國(guó)時(shí)尚擺脫了巴黎設(shè)計(jì)的束縛，free...fromthelimitof...是固定搭配，意為“將……從……的限制中解放”，limit（限制）符合語(yǔ)義。故選B。12．考查形容詞。句意：美國(guó)時(shí)尚是符合邏輯的，且只受穿著它的女性的意愿支配。此處表示美國(guó)時(shí)尚的主導(dǎo)權(quán)在女性自身，besubjectto是固定搭配，意為“受……支配”；subject可作形容詞，意為“受……支配的”。故選C。13．考查副詞。句意：誠(chéng)然，在更早的時(shí)候，美國(guó)時(shí)尚曾追隨巴黎的潮流，甚至盜用特定的法國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)。此處表讓步語(yǔ)氣，承認(rèn)美國(guó)時(shí)尚過(guò)去模仿巴黎的事實(shí)。admittedly（誠(chéng)然）為副詞，作插入語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子，符合語(yǔ)義。故選I。14．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)和商業(yè)承諾都針對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)裝。此處表示設(shè)計(jì)和商業(yè)均聚焦運(yùn)動(dòng)裝，targeted（針對(duì)）符合語(yǔ)義。betargetedat是固定搭配，意為“針對(duì)”。故選A。15．考查副詞。句意：易于護(hù)理是最重要的：尤其是夏裝和套裝，主要是棉質(zhì)的，很容易在家里清洗和熨燙。此處表示夏裝和套裝主要是棉質(zhì)的，chiefly（主要地）為副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，符合語(yǔ)義。故選G。16．考查形容詞。句意：服裝簡(jiǎn)單、實(shí)用且容易穿著，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代女性沒(méi)有私人女仆為其穿衣。此處表示無(wú)女仆幫忙時(shí)服裝需容易穿著，accessible（易使用的）符合語(yǔ)義。此處形容詞作表語(yǔ)與“simple,practical”并列。故選H。17．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：美國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)師推崇穿著這些服裝的女性的自由。此處表示設(shè)計(jì)師支持女性穿衣自由，prized（推崇）符合語(yǔ)義。句子缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且表過(guò)去行為，需用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，prized為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。故選K。o...當(dāng)時(shí)的女性設(shè)計(jì)師將自己的服裝價(jià)值觀投射成一種新風(fēng)格。此處表示將價(jià)值觀轉(zhuǎn)化為新風(fēng)格，projected（投射）符合語(yǔ)義。o...為固定表達(dá)，表示“將……投射到……”，句子缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且表過(guò)去行為，projected為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。故選F。19．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：但僅憑實(shí)用性就能證明美國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)師的新想法是合理的嗎？此處表達(dá)了“實(shí)用性能否支撐新想法”的疑問(wèn)，justify（證明……合理）符合語(yǔ)義。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could后需接動(dòng)詞原形。故選E。20．考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)然，這些務(wù)實(shí)、有洞察力的設(shè)計(jì)師決定了20世紀(jì)后期時(shí)尚的走向。此處表示設(shè)計(jì)師能引領(lǐng)時(shí)尚說(shuō)明其有見(jiàn)地，insightful（有洞察力的）符合語(yǔ)義，作定語(yǔ)修飾designers，與practical并列。故選D。Readingprehension(41–55題，每題1分；56–70題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Longlongago,colleagueswouldsuggestchangestodocumentsinturn.Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer,andthensenditontothenextperson.Itwas21andinconvenient.Theeraoftheshareddochasmadethisprocessmuchmoreuserfriendly.Butlikeallsocialactivities,ithasthegreat22ofexposingyoutootherpeople.Startwiththefactthatyoucanseewhoelseisinthedocument.Asuccessionofinitialsatthetopofthescreenconfirmsthatyouractionsarenowbeingobservedby23people.Oneoftheseinitialsfadesandbrightenseveryfewminutes,asthepersoninquestion24exitsandreentersthedocument.Theyeitherhavenothingtodooraredeeplyanxiousaboutwhatmaybeabouttohappen.Iftheyaretheownerofthedocument,theyareabsolutelyrighttoworry,forpeoplewillbebusyrendering(提供)public25ontheirwork.Acursor(光標(biāo))jumpsrapidlyfromparagraphtoparagraph,andthensuddenlystops.Itremains26.Somethingmustbevery,verywrongwithwhattheyarereading.Itmovesmoreslowlyafterthat,itsconfidenceintheauthorvisibly27.Ifenoughpeopleareinvolved,chaosfollows.Someoneaddsaparagraph,causingsomeoneelsetomake28inthewrongplace.Twopeopleareengagedinafurious29battleoverasinglewordintheshareddoc,takingitbyturnstooverwriteeachother.Ifyouaretheownerofthedocument,youdonothavetowatchthisdisasterunfoldinrealtime.Butitwillstillseekyouout.Countlessemailsarrivetotellyouthattherehasbeen“30”inthedocument.Whenyoufinallygobackintothedocument,yousurveythescene.Suggestions31thetext.Awallofmentsrunsdownonesideofthescreen.Somanyofthemhavebeenleftthatsomeareimpossibletoseeatfirst.Youwillstartaccepting,replying,32andresolving.Inashareddoc,ataponakeyboardawakensyourcolleagues.Asyougothroughthedoc,thoseemailsaresilentlyflyingofftotellpeopleyouhavebeenbusy.Initialsstartto33atthetopofthescreen.Silently,theyclusterandwait.Youknowthattheyaregearingupto34again.Therewillbemorechanges,morements,moreactivity.Ashareddocallowsyoutogathermoreopinions,andtobatthingsbackandforth;ideasarelesslikelytobedismissedfornogoodreason.Thereis35inthecrowd.Butthereisanawfullotofnoise,too.21．A．impractical B．inefficient C．inaccessible D．unstable22．A．method B．chance C．drawback D．pressure23．A．multiple B．strange C．idle D．talented24．A．unconsciously B．nervously C．occasionally D．repeatedly25．A．judgement B．a(chǎn)ppreciation C．praise D．demand26．A．irregular B．insensitive C．immobile D．impersonal27．A．restored B．boosted C．eased D．shaken28．A．connections B．a(chǎn)lterations C．claims D．drafts29．A．legal B．virtual C．psychological D．daily30．A．a(chǎn)ctivity B．trouble C．damage D．silence31．A．decorate B．replace C．litter D．spread32．A．rejecting B．plaining C．boasting D．a(chǎn)ccusing33．A．fade B．stick C．lie D．reappear34．A．sacrifice B．strike C．emerge D．retreat35．A．limitation B．chaos C．wisdom D．disagreement【答案】21．B22．C23．A24．D25．A26．C27．D28．B29．B30．A31．C32．A33．D34．B35．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章指出傳統(tǒng)的文檔修改方式低效且不透明，通過(guò)描述共享文檔編輯時(shí)的具體過(guò)程，說(shuō)明共享文檔雖便于協(xié)作，但會(huì)暴露編輯過(guò)程、引發(fā)焦慮，并可能導(dǎo)致混亂，這能集思廣益，但也伴隨干擾。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這既低效又不方便。A.impractical不切實(shí)際的；B.inefficient低效的；C.inaccessible難以到達(dá)的；D.unstable不穩(wěn)定的。根據(jù)上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer,andthensenditontothenextperson.”可知，傳統(tǒng)的文檔修改方式是同事們?cè)谧约旱碾娔X上對(duì)文件進(jìn)行評(píng)論和修改，然后將其發(fā)送給下一個(gè)人，這種方式效率低下。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但就像所有的社交活動(dòng)一樣，它有一個(gè)很大的缺點(diǎn)，就是讓你暴露在其他人面前。A.method方法；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.drawback缺點(diǎn)；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)下文“exposingyoutootherpeople”可知，讓一個(gè)人暴露在其他人面前是共享文檔很大的缺點(diǎn)。故選C。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：屏幕上方連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的首字母確認(rèn)你的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在被多人觀察到。A.multiple多個(gè)的；B.strange奇怪的；C.idle無(wú)事可做的；D.talented有才華的。根據(jù)上文“Asuccessionofinitialsatthetopofthescreen”可知，屏幕上方連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的首字母代表多人進(jìn)入了共享文檔，個(gè)人的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在可以被多人觀察到。故選A。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這些首字母中的一個(gè)每隔幾分鐘就會(huì)變暗變亮，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)人反復(fù)地退出和重新進(jìn)入文檔。A.unconsciously無(wú)意識(shí)地；B.nervously緊張地；C.occasionally偶爾；D.repeatedly重復(fù)地。根據(jù)上文“Oneoftheseinitialsfadesandbrightenseveryfewminutes”可知，這些首字母中的一個(gè)每隔幾分鐘就會(huì)變暗變亮，說(shuō)明這個(gè)用戶(hù)反復(fù)地退出和重新進(jìn)入文檔。故選D。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他們是文檔的所有者，他們的擔(dān)心是完全正確的，因?yàn)槿藗儗⒚τ趯?duì)他們的工作進(jìn)行公眾評(píng)判。A.judgement判斷；B.appreciation欣賞；C.praise贊揚(yáng)；D.demand要求。根據(jù)上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer”可知，同事之間編輯文檔主要是進(jìn)行評(píng)論和修改，他人編輯共享文檔意味著對(duì)文檔所有者的工作進(jìn)行公眾評(píng)判。故選A。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它保持不動(dòng)。A.irregular不規(guī)則的；B.insensitive不敏感的；C.immobile不動(dòng)的；D.impersonal非個(gè)人的。根據(jù)上文“thensuddenlystops”可知，光標(biāo)突然停止后，就保持不動(dòng)了。故選C。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，它的移動(dòng)更慢了，對(duì)作者的信心明顯動(dòng)搖了。A.restored恢復(fù)；B.boosted提升；C.eased緩解；D.shaken動(dòng)搖。根據(jù)上文“Somethingmustbevery,verywrongwithwhattheyarereading.Itmovesmoreslowlyafterthat”可知，其他用戶(hù)的光標(biāo)不動(dòng)通常會(huì)被視作文檔中有非常錯(cuò)誤的地方，光標(biāo)移動(dòng)更慢則意味著還有更多的錯(cuò)誤，因此會(huì)動(dòng)搖對(duì)文檔作者的信心。故選D。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有人加了一段，導(dǎo)致別人在錯(cuò)誤的地方做了改動(dòng)。A.connections聯(lián)系；B.alterations變動(dòng)；C.claims聲稱(chēng)；D.drafts草稿。根據(jù)上文“Theywouldmakementsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirownputer”可知，同事之間編輯文檔主要是進(jìn)行評(píng)論和修改，因此一人加了一段有可能導(dǎo)致別人在錯(cuò)誤的地方做改動(dòng)。故選B。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)人正在為共享文檔中的一個(gè)單詞進(jìn)行激烈的虛擬戰(zhàn)斗，輪流改寫(xiě)對(duì)方（的內(nèi)容）。A.legal法律的；B.virtual虛擬的；C.psychological心理的；D.daily日常的。根據(jù)下文“intheshareddoc”可知，共享文檔是線上活動(dòng)，兩人是進(jìn)行激烈的虛擬戰(zhàn)斗。故選B。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)數(shù)的電子郵件告訴你文檔中有“活動(dòng)”。A.activity活動(dòng)；B.trouble麻煩；C.damage損害；D.silence沉默。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouaretheownerofthedocument,youdonothavetowatchthisdisasterunfoldinrealtime.”可知，電子郵件會(huì)被發(fā)送給共享文檔作者，告知文檔中有各種被編輯修改的“活動(dòng)”。故選A。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：文章中到處都是建議。A.decorate裝飾；B.replace替換；C.litter使飽含；D.spread傳播。根據(jù)下文“Awallofmentsrunsdownonesideofthescreen.Somanyofthemhavebeenleftthatsomeareimpossibletoseeatfirst.”可知，文章中有堵評(píng)論墻，建議多到有些甚至看不見(jiàn)的地步，因此是指文章中飽含著建議，即到處都是建議。故選C。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你會(huì)開(kāi)始接受、回答、拒絕和解決問(wèn)題。A.rejecting拒絕；B.plaining抱怨；C.boasting吹噓；D.accusing指責(zé)。根據(jù)上文“Youwillstartaccepting,replying”和下文“andresolving”可知，文檔作者在忙著處理同事們給出的修改和評(píng)論，可能會(huì)拒絕其中一些問(wèn)題。故選A。33．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：首字母開(kāi)始重新出現(xiàn)在屏幕的頂部。A.fade褪色；B.stick黏貼；C.lie躺；D.reappear再出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“Silently,theyclusterandwait.”可知，隨著文檔的作者開(kāi)始工作，首字母重新出現(xiàn)在屏幕的頂部，好似聚集在一起等待。故選D。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你知道它們正準(zhǔn)備再次發(fā)動(dòng)襲擊。A.sacrifice犧牲；B.strike襲擊；C.emerge出現(xiàn)；D.retreat撤退。根據(jù)下文“Therewillbemorechanges,morements,moreactivity.”可知，接下來(lái)文檔中會(huì)有更多的變化，更多的評(píng)論，更多的活動(dòng)，這意味著這些首字母背后的同事正準(zhǔn)備再次發(fā)動(dòng)襲擊，這里用幽默的手法表現(xiàn)共享文檔作者的焦慮不安。故選B。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在人群中有智慧。A.limitation限制；B.chaos混亂；C.wisdom智慧；D.disagreement分歧。根據(jù)下文“Butthereisanawfullotofnoise,too.”可知，后面有轉(zhuǎn)折，指出多人在共享文檔中操作會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多噪音，即很多干擾的想法，前面是肯定這也有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)，指人群中有智慧，能貢獻(xiàn)真正有益的想法。故選C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theterm“voluntourism”oftenevokesimagesofearnestWesternyouthsbuildingschoolsinsundrenched,impoverishedvillages.Iwasonceoneofthem,mymotivationanambiguousblendofaltruismandathirstforan“authentic”experiencethattranscendedthetypicaltouristitinerary.MydestinationwasasmallcoastalmunityinSoutheastAsia,whereIhadpaidasubstantialfeetoassistinaseaturtleconservationprojectforfourweeks.Uponarrival,acreepingdisillusionmentbegantosetin.Theprojectwaslessabouthandsonconservationandmoreawellorchestratedsimulationforvolunteers.Ourdaysconsistedofbeinghandedrakesatdawntometiculouslylevelthebeach,ataskweweretoldwascrucialforidentifyingnewturtletracks.Yet,weoftensawthesametrackswehadcarefullysmoothedoverthedaybefore,untouched.Ourtasksweremonotonousandofquestionableutility:rakingthesamepatchofsandrepeatedlytomakeitappearperfectlytidyforthenestingturtles—apracticethelocalstaffadmittedwaslargelyperformative.Once,theexcitementwaspalpablewhenanestwasidentified;wegatheredaround,hopingtocarefullyrelocatetheeggstothesafer,shadedhatchery.Butwewereonlypermittedtowatchfromadistance.Thedelicateworkofmonitoringnestsandhandlinghatchlingswasreservedsolelyforthefulltime,localbiologists.Weweremerebystanders,ourpresencejustifiedmorebyourfinancialcontributionthananytangiblelabor.Themostprofoundunease,however,stemmedfromaconversationwithasoftspokenlocalbiologist,Mr.Tan.Oversweetenedtea,heconfessed,withatoneofdiplomaticresignation,thattheconstantrotationofunskilledvolunteerswasoftenmoredisruptivethanbeneficial.“Thefundsarevital,”heacknowledged,“Ioncespentawholemorningsupervisingagroupwhowere‘buildingaprotectivefence.’Itcollapsedinthefirsthightide.MyteamandIhadtorebuilditproperlythatnight.Theexpectationisthatwemustalwayshave‘work’foryoutodo,evenifwehavetoinventit.Itsometimesdistractsfromourrealresearch.”Hiswordslaidbaretheunfortableeconomicsofourendeavor:wewerenotsaviorsbutpayingcustomers,purchasingtheillusionofpurposeandaportfolioofphotographsthatscreamedbenevolentworldliness.Thistransactionalnatureoftherelationshipmademequestiontheveryfoundationofmypresencethere,reducingaplexecologicalandsocialcontexttoabackdropformyownmoralandexistentialtheater.Ileftwithnoillusionsofhaving“savedtheturtles.”Instead,Icarriedtheweightofaplicatedlesson:thatthedesiretodogoodisnotsynonymouswithactuallydoinggood,andthatthemostethicalformofaidmightsometimesbethesimplest—financialsupport,channeleddirectlytothosewhoknowbesthowtouseit,unburdenedbytheneedtohostandentertainarotatingcastofwellmeaningamateurs.TheromanticizednarrativeoftheWesternsavior,Irealized,isadifficultonetodismantle,asitissodeeplyembeddedinourcollectiveconsciousnessandsoflatteringtoourownselfperception.36．Theauthor’soriginalintentioninjoiningtheprogramwasrootedin________.A．a(chǎn)nurgetoescaperoutineandpursueadventureB．a(chǎn)mixofselflessimpulseandaquestfornoveltyC．externalfinancialincentivesandsocialobligationD．a(chǎn)blendofprofessionalambitionandacademiccuriosity37．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“awellorchestratedsimulation”（para.2）implyaboutthevolunteerproject?A．Itwasartificiallyconstructedforthebenefitofthevolunteers.B．Itwasstructuredtobebothhighlyeducationalandrichinskills.C．Itwasamercialenterpriseexploitingvolunteersfinancially.D．Itwascarefullyplannedtoprovideasafeandrewardingexperience.38．AccordingtoMr.Tan,whatwasthemaindownsideoftheconstantflowofvolunteers?A．Itgraduallydrainedtheproject’slimitedfinancialreserves.B．Itgeneratedculturalmisunderstandingswiththelocalmunity.C．Itconsumedtimeandmanpowertocreateandsuperviseunnecessarytasks.D．Itintroducedpersistentmunicationchallengesthathinderedrealresearch.39．Theauthor’sultimaterealizationcanbesummarizedasanunderstandingthat________.A．personalgrowthisanunintendedyetvaluablebyproductoffailedendeavorsB．critiquingtheflawsofinternationalaidisanecessarysteptowardsitsreformC．effectivehelpmustprioritizelocalexpertiseandminimizedisruptiveinterferenceD．wellintentionedhumaninterventionmayaccidentallyaccelerateecologicaldecline【答案】36．B37．A38．C39．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者參與“公益旅游”的經(jīng)歷，揭露其形式化本質(zhì)，并領(lǐng)悟到有效的援助必須優(yōu)先考量本地專(zhuān)業(yè)能力，并最大限度減少具有破壞性的干擾。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iwasonceoneofthem,mymotivationanambiguousblendofaltruismandathirstforan“authentic”experiencethattranscendedthetypicaltouristitinerary.(我曾也是其中一員，動(dòng)機(jī)模糊地交織著利他之心與對(duì)“真實(shí)”體驗(yàn)的渴求——這種體驗(yàn)，早已超越了常規(guī)旅游行程的范疇。)”可知，作者參與該項(xiàng)目的初衷是無(wú)私的沖動(dòng)（利他主義）與對(duì)新奇體驗(yàn)（超越常規(guī)的真實(shí)經(jīng)歷）的追求。故選B項(xiàng)。37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ourtasksweremonotonousandofquestionableutility:rakingthesamepatchofsandrepeatedlytomakeitappearperfectlytidyforthenestingturtles—apracticethelocalstaffadmittedwaslargelyperformative.(我們的任務(wù)單調(diào)且效用存疑：反復(fù)耙同一片沙灘，使其看起來(lái)對(duì)筑巢的海龜完美整潔——當(dāng)?shù)毓ぷ魅藛T承認(rèn)，這種做法在很大程度上是象征性的。)”及“Weweremerebystanders,ourpresencejustifiedmorebyourfinancialcontributionthananytangiblelabor.(我們只是旁觀者，我們的存在更多是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)而非實(shí)際勞動(dòng)。)”可知，“awellorchestratedsimulation”（一場(chǎng)精心策劃的“模擬體驗(yàn)”）表明該項(xiàng)目的任務(wù)多為形式化、無(wú)實(shí)際保育作用的安排，本質(zhì)是為滿足志愿者“參與公益”的心理而人為設(shè)計(jì)的。故選A項(xiàng)。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“theconstantrotationofunskilledvolunteerswasoftenmoredisruptivethanbeneficial.“Thefundsarevital,”heacknowledged,“Ioncespentawholemorningsupervisingagroupwhowere‘buildingaprotectivefence.’Itcollapsedinthefirsthightide.MyteamandIhadtorebuilditproperlythatnight.Theexpectationisthatwemustalwayshave‘work’foryoutodo,evenifwehavetoinventit.Itsometimesdistractsfromourrealresearch.”(沒(méi)有專(zhuān)業(yè)技能的志愿者頻繁輪換，往往弊大于利。“資金固然至關(guān)重要，”他坦言，“但有一次，我花了整整一個(gè)上午監(jiān)督一群‘建造防護(hù)欄’的志愿者。結(jié)果那護(hù)欄在第一次漲潮時(shí)就塌了，我和團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)晚不得不重新進(jìn)行妥善修建。大家默認(rèn)我們必須一直為你們安排“工作”，哪怕這些工作是憑空編造的。這有時(shí)會(huì)分散我們真正的研究精力?！?”可知，Mr.Tan認(rèn)為志愿者的主要弊端是：需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間和人力設(shè)計(jì)并監(jiān)督不必要的任務(wù)，且干擾了真正的研究工作。故選C項(xiàng)。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Instead,Icarriedtheweightofaplicatedlesson:thatthedesiretodogoodisnotsynonymouswithactuallydoinggood,andthatthemostethicalformofaidmightsometimesbethesimplest—financialsupport,channeleddirectlytothosewhoknowbesthowtouseit,unburdenedbytheneedtohostandentertainarotatingcastofwellmeaningamateurs.(相反，我背負(fù)著一個(gè)深刻而復(fù)雜的教訓(xùn)：心懷善念并不等同于真正行善，而最符合倫理的援助形式有時(shí)或許最為簡(jiǎn)單——那便是直接將資金支持提供給最懂如何運(yùn)用它的人，無(wú)需承擔(dān)招待一批又一批善意業(yè)余愛(ài)好者的負(fù)擔(dān))”可知，作者最終意識(shí)到：有效的援助必須優(yōu)先考量本地專(zhuān)業(yè)能力，并最大限度減少具有破壞性的干擾。故選C項(xiàng)。(B)Humansarebornexplorersandadventurers.Wehavethis“desire”toexplorenewplacesandtogobeyond.Wehavealreadyclimbedthehighestmountain,exploredthevastnessoftheAntarcticaandtheemptinessofSahara.Wehavealsoreachedouterspace,steppedonthesurfaceofourneighbour,themoon,andonedaymightevenexplorethevastnessofouruniverse.Thereseemstobenoendtohumanity’sappetiteforexploringoursurroundingsandtheunknown.However,therearestillsomeplacesonEarththathavenotyetbeenreachedorfullyexplored.Andtheseplacesaresomeofthemostisolatedandmysteriousplacesonthisplanet.MarianaTrench,PacificOceanLocatedinthewesternpartofthePacificOcean,theMarianaTrenchisthedeepestpartoftheworld’soceans.Thetrenchmeasuresaround2,550kmlongand70kmwideonaverage,andreachesadepthofover10,994metresatonesmallpartknownastheChallengerDeep.TheMarianaTrenchisconsideredoneoftheleastexploredpartsoftheworldduetoitsextremedepth.Atthisdepth,thewaterpressurecanbeverydangerous.Still,lifecanbefoundinthispartoftheocean.Previousexpeditionstothetrenchhaverevealedanumberoforganismsandseacreatures,livinginthedeepsea.ValedoJavari,BrazilWithanareaofabout85,444.82km2,ValedoJavariisoneofthelargestindigenousterritoriesinBrazil.TherainforestwasnamedafterthevastJavariRiver,whichisthemostimportantriversystemintheregion.ItisoneofthemostisolatedplacesonEarthandalsooneofthehardestplacestoreach.Theisolationofthisremoteplaceislargelyduetothethickforestandextremegeographiclocation.Inspiteofitsisolation,thetropicalrainforestishometoagreatnumberofindigenouspeopleorIndiantribes.Thosetribes,believedtobeasmanyas200to3,300people,werefirstdiscoveredthroughsatelliteimagesofthevastrainforest.EnteringtheregionisprohibitedbyBrazilianlawandtheValedoJavariisespeciallywellprotectedfromoutsidersandexplorersbyalocalorganisationdedicatedtomaintainingitsrichbiodiversityandprotectingtheforestfromexploitation.TsingydeBemarahaLocatednearthewesterncoastofMadagascar,theTsingydeBemarahahasbeenonthelistofUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesince1990toprotectitsuniquegeographyandpreservethemangroveforests.Theplaceisalsohometohugenumbersofanimalsandevennewspecies.Someofthebiggestattractionsinthisprotectedreservearetheincrediblyneedleshapedlimestoneformations.However,thoseformationsposegreatdangerstoexplorers.Infact,theword“Tsingy”isderivedfromalocalword,whichmeans“theplacewhereonecannotwalkbarefoot.”Thelimestoneformationsareterriblysharpandcaneasilycutthroughfleshwithdeadlyeffect,whichmakesexploringthemextremelydifficultanddangerous.Accesstothisnaturereserveislimited,althoughtouristscanreachtheareaeitherbyroadorplane.40．WhyistheMarianaTrenchconsideredoneoftheleastexploredplacesonEarth?A．Itislocatedtoofarfromanycontinent.B．Itswidthmakesitimpossibletomapaccurately.C．Itlacksanysignsoflifeorscientificvalue.D．Itsextremedepthleadstodangerouswaterpressure.41．BasedonthedescriptionofValedoJavari,whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutitsindigenoustribes?A．Theyactivelyengagewithmodernsocietythroughtrade.B．Theirexistencewasconfirmedthroughtechnologicalmeans.C．TheyrelyontheJavariRiverfortransportationtocities.D．TheirpopulationispreciselydocumentedbyBrazilianauthorities.42．WhatcanbeconcludedabouttheTsingydeBemarahafromthelocalmeaningof“Tsingy”?A．Itisapopulartouristdestinationforhikingenthusiasts.B．Theareaisprimarilycoveredbymangroveforests.C．Itslimestoneformationsareexceptionallysharpandhazardous.D．Visitorsmustremovetheirshoestoenterthereserve.【答案】40．D41．B42．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了馬里亞納海溝、雅瓦里谷和貝馬拉哈地質(zhì)公園三個(gè)地球上未被完全探索的偏遠(yuǎn)神秘之地。40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MarianaTrench,PacificOcean部分中的“TheMarianaTrenchisconsideredoneoftheleastexploredpartsoftheworldduetoitsextremedepth.Atthisdepth,thewaterpressurecanbeverydangerous.(由于其極深的深度，馬里亞納海溝被認(rèn)為是世界上探索最少的地區(qū)之一。在這個(gè)深度，水壓可能非常危險(xiǎn))”可知，馬里亞納海溝被認(rèn)為是地球上探索最少的地方之一，是因?yàn)樗鼧O深的深度導(dǎo)致了危險(xiǎn)的水壓。故選D項(xiàng)。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)ValedoJavari,Brazil部分中的“Thosetribes,believedtobeasmanyas200to3,300people,werefirstdiscoveredthroughsatelliteimagesofthevastrainforest.(這些部落的人口估計(jì)在200到3300人之間，最初是通過(guò)這片廣闊雨林的衛(wèi)星圖像被發(fā)現(xiàn)的)”可知，雅瓦里谷的土著部落的存在是通過(guò)衛(wèi)星圖像這一技術(shù)手段被證實(shí)的。故選B項(xiàng)。42．推理判斷題。根據(jù)TsingydeBemaraha部分中的“Infact,theword“Tsingy”isderivedfromalocalword,whichmeans“theplacewhereonecannotwalkbarefoot.”Thelimestoneformationsareterriblysharpandcaneasilycutthroughfleshwithdeadlyeffect.(事實(shí)上，“青吉”一詞來(lái)源于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)詞匯，意思是“不能光腳行走的地方”。這些石灰?guī)r構(gòu)造極其鋒利，很容易割破皮膚，造成致命傷害)”可知，從Tsingy的當(dāng)?shù)睾x可推斷出，貝馬拉哈地質(zhì)公園的石灰?guī)r構(gòu)造異常鋒利且具有危險(xiǎn)性。故選C項(xiàng)。(C)Soonaftersunset,astrangeclickingfillstheairatHanningfieldReservoirinEssex.Somenoisesefrombatdetecto