2025年英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試考前沖刺閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Theinternet,arevolutionarytechnologythathasfundamentallyreshapedmodernsociety,continuestoevolveatanunprecedentedpace.Itsoriginstracebacktothelate1960swhentheU.S.DepartmentofDefensedevelopedARPANET,anetworkdesignedtofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.Initially,thisnetworkallowedforbasictext-basedcommunication,buttheadventoftheWorldWideWebintheearly1990stransformeditintoauser-friendlyplatformaccessibletothegeneralpublic.Thistransformationhashadaprofoundimpactonnearlyeveryaspectofhumanlife.Businesseshaveleveragedtheinternettoreachglobalmarkets,operatemoreefficiently,andengagewithcustomersinnovelways.E-commercehasrevolutionizedshopping,allowingconsumerstopurchasegoodsandservicesfromthecomfortoftheirhomes.Educationhasbeentransformedthroughonlinelearningplatforms,whichprovideaccesstocoursesandresourcesfromaroundtheworld.Socially,theinternethasconnectedpeopleacrossvastdistances,enablingreal-timecommunicationandthesharingofinformationonanunprecedentedscale.However,therapidgrowthoftheinternethasalsobroughtaboutsignificantchallenges.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,cybersecuritythreats,andthespreadofmisinformationhavebecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Thedigitaldivide,thegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotheinternetandthosewhodonot,remainsasignificantconcerninmanypartsoftheworld.Additionally,theriseofsocialmediahasbeenlinkedtoconcernsaboutmentalhealth,addiction,andtheerosionoftraditionalcommunitystructures.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureoftheinternetappearsbright.Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityarepoisedtofurtherexpanditsreachandcapabilities.Thesetechnologiespromisetocreateamoreinterconnectedandintelligentworld,whereinformationisreadilyaccessible,andautomationstreamlinesvariousaspectsoflife.Aswemoveforward,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsoftheseadvancementstoensurethattheinternetservesasaforceforgoodintheyearstocome.Questions:1.WhatwastheprimarypurposeofARPANETwhenitwasinitiallydeveloped?2.Howhastheinternettransformedthebusinessworldaccordingtothepassage?3.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthesocialchallengesassociatedwiththeinternet?4.Whatadvancementsintechnologyareexpectedtoshapethefutureoftheinternet?5.Whatistheauthor'smainconcernregardingthefuturedevelopmentoftheinternet?第二部分閱讀理解Climatechange,acomplexandmultifacetedphenomenon,hasemergedasoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheglobalcommunitytoday.Itisprimarilydrivenbytheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.ThesegasestrapheatintheEarth'satmosphere,leadingtoariseinglobaltemperatures,commonlyreferredtoasglobalwarming.Theconsequencesofclimatechangearefar-reachinganddevastating.Risingsealevels,causedbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,poseasignificantthreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Morefrequentandintenseheatwaves,droughts,andfloodsarebecomingincreasinglycommon,disruptingecosystems,agriculture,andhumansettlements.Additionally,thewarmingclimateisexacerbatingthespreadofinfectiousdiseases,aswarmertemperaturescreatemorefavorableconditionsfordiseasevectorslikemosquitoesandticks.Addressingclimatechangerequiresaconcertedglobaleffort.Mitigationstrategiesfocusonreducinggreenhousegasemissionsthroughthetransitiontorenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,andimprovingenergyefficiency.Adaptationstrategiesaimtominimizetheimpactofclimatechangebyimplementingmeasuressuchasbuildingseawalls,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andcreatingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweatherevents.Despitetheurgencyofthesituation,progressincombatingclimatechangehasbeenslowanduneven.Politicaldisagreements,economicconstraints,andlackofpublicawarenesshavehinderedtheimplementationofeffectivesolutions.However,thereisagrowingmovementofindividuals,organizations,andgovernmentscommittedtotakingaction.Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,haveprovidedaframeworkforcountriestoworktogetherandreducetheircarbonemissions.Publicawarenesscampaignsandtheriseofenvironmentalactivismarealsoplayingacrucialroleindrivingchange.Thefightagainstclimatechangeisalongandarduousprocess,butitisnotimpossible.Byworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigatetheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandcreateamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.Questions:6.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?7.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectcoastalcommunities?8.Whataresomeexamplesofmitigationstrategiesmentionedinthepassage?9.Whatobstacleshavehinderedprogressincombatingclimatechange?10.Whatistheauthor'smessageaboutthefightagainstclimatechange?第三部分閱讀理解Theconceptof"gigeconomy"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,referringtoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.Thisshifthasbeendrivenbytheriseoftechnologyplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,suchasUber,Airbnb,andUpwork.Whilethegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomyforworkers,italsopresentsseveralchallengesandconcerns.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitoffers.Workerscanchoosewhenandwheretheywork,settheirownschedules,andtakeonasmuchoraslittleworkastheydesire.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtoindividualswhoareseekingalternativeworkarrangements,suchasstudents,parents,orthoselookingtosupplementtheirincome.Additionally,thegigeconomyprovidesopportunitiesforindividualstodevelopnewskillsandexploredifferentcareerpaths.However,thegigeconomyalsohasitsdrawbacks.Workersinthegigeconomyoftenlackthebenefitsandsecurityassociatedwithtraditionalemployment,suchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidtimeoff.Additionally,theinstabilityofgigworkcanleadtoincomevolatilityandfinancialinsecurity.Thelackofaclearcareerprogressionpathandlimitedopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopmentarealsoconcernsraisedbygigworkers.Anotherissueassociatedwiththegigeconomyisthepotentialforexploitation.Somegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections.Thisclassificationcanleaveworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices,suchaslowpay,longworkinghours,andlackofaccesstolegalrecourse.Asthegigeconomycontinuestogrow,itiscrucialtoaddressthesechallengesandensurethatworkersaretreatedfairlyandhaveaccesstoadequateprotections.Thismayinvolveimplementingnewlaborlaws,providingsupportforgigworkers,andpromotingthedevelopmentofalternativeworkarrangementsthatbalancetheneedsofworkersandbusinesses.Questions:11.Whatisthedefiningcharacteristicofthegigeconomy?12.Whataresomeadvantagesofworkinginthegigeconomy?13.Whataresomechallengesfacedbygigworkers?14.Whatisthepotentialforexploitationinthegigeconomy?15.Whatstepscanbetakentoaddressthechallengesofthegigeconomy?第四部分閱讀理解Artificialintelligence(AI)hasemergedasoneofthemosttransformativetechnologiesofthe21stcentury,withthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousindustriesandaspectsofhumanlife.AIreferstothesimulationofhumanintelligenceinmachinesthatareprogrammedtolearn,reason,andproblem-solve.Thistechnologyisalreadybeingusedinvariousapplications,suchasvirtualassistants,recommendationsystems,autonomousvehicles,andmedicaldiagnosis.ThedevelopmentofAIhasbeendrivenbyadvancementsinmachinelearning,asubsetofAIthatfocusesonenablingmachinestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.Machinelearningalgorithmsareusedtoanalyzelargedatasets,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionsordecisionsbasedonthatdata.Thishasledtosignificantbreakthroughsinfieldssuchasmedicine,finance,andtransportation.DespitetheimmensepotentialofAI,therearealsoconcernsaboutitsethicalimplicationsandpotentialimpactonsociety.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthepotentialforjobdisplacement,asAI-poweredautomationcouldreplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutbiasinAIalgorithms,whichcanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesifthedatausedtotrainthealgorithmsisbiased.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthesecurityofAIsystemsandthepotentialformalicioususeofthistechnology.AnotherchallengeassociatedwithAIisthelackofaclearregulatoryframework.AsAItechnologycontinuestoevolveatarapidpace,itisessentialtodevelopguidelinesandregulationstoensurethatthistechnologyisdevelopedandusedresponsibly.Thisincludesaddressingissuessuchasdataprivacy,accountability,andtransparency.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofAIappearspromising.Asthistechnologycontinuestoevolve,ithasthepotentialtosolvecomplexproblems,improveefficiency,andenhancethequalityoflifeforpeoplearoundtheworld.However,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsofAItoensurethatthistechnologyisusedforthebenefitofhumanity.Questions:16.Whatisthemainpurposeofmachinelearning?17.WhataresomeconcernsabouttheimpactofAIonsociety?18.WhatisamajorchallengeinthedevelopmentofAI?19.WhatisthepotentialimpactofAIonvariousindustries?20.Whatistheauthor'soverallperspectiveonthefutureofAI?試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.Tofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.解析思路：文章第一段明確指出，“TheU.S.DepartmentofDefensedevelopedARPANET,anetworkdesignedtofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.”這表明ARPANET最初的目的是促進(jìn)研究機(jī)構(gòu)和軍事機(jī)構(gòu)之間的通信。2.Theinternethastransformedthebusinessworldbyenablingglobalmarketreach,operationalefficiency,andinnovativecustomerengagement.解析思路：文章第二段討論了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)企業(yè)的影響，指出企業(yè)可以利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)入全球市場(chǎng)、提高運(yùn)營(yíng)效率并以創(chuàng)新的方式與客戶互動(dòng)。3.Accordingtothepassage,someofthesocialchallengesassociatedwiththeinternetincludethedigitaldivide,mentalhealthissues,addiction,andtheerosionoftraditionalcommunitystructures.解析思路：文章第三段提到了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來的社會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)，包括數(shù)字鴻溝、心理健康問題、成癮以及傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)的侵蝕。4.Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityareexpectedtoshapethefutureoftheinternet.解析思路：文章第四段指出，“Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityarepoisedtofurtherexpanditsreachandcapabilities.”這表明這些技術(shù)將塑造互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的未來。5.Theauthor'smainconcernregardingthefuturedevelopmentoftheinternetistheneedtoaddressethicalandsocialimplicationstoensureitservesasaforceforgood.解析思路：文章第四段最后一句，“Aswemoveforward,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsoftheseadvancementstoensurethattheinternetservesasaforceforgoodintheyearstocome.”表明作者的主要關(guān)切是解決這些技術(shù)的道德和社會(huì)影響，以確保互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在未來成為一股善的力量。第二部分閱讀理解6.Themaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassageistheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivities.解析思路：文章第一段明確指出，“Itisprimarilydrivenbytheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.”這表明氣候變化的主要原因是溫室氣體排放的增加，特別是二氧化碳的增加，這是由人類活動(dòng)造成的。7.Climatechangeaffectscoastalcommunitiesbycausingrisingsealevels,whichthreatentheirsettlements.解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Risingsealevels,causedbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,poseasignificantthreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.”這表明海平面上升對(duì)沿海社區(qū)構(gòu)成威脅。8.Someexamplesofmitigationstrategiesmentionedinthepassageincludetransitioningtorenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,buildingseawalls,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andcreatingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweatherevents.解析思路：文章第三段列舉了減緩策略，包括向可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型、提高能源效率、建造海堤、開發(fā)抗旱作物以及為極端天氣事件創(chuàng)建預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。9.Obstaclesthathavehinderedprogressincombatingclimatechangeincludepoliticaldisagreements,economicconstraints,lackofpublicawareness,andslowimplementationofeffectivesolutions.解析思路：文章第三段最后一句提到，“However,progressincombatingclimatechangehasbeenslowanduneven.Politicaldisagreements,economicconstraints,andlackofpublicawarenesshavehinderedtheimplementationofeffectivesolutions.”這表明政治分歧、經(jīng)濟(jì)限制、缺乏公眾意識(shí)以及有效解決方案的實(shí)施緩慢阻礙了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的進(jìn)展。10.Theauthor'smessageaboutthefightagainstclimatechangeisthatalthoughitisalongandarduousprocess,itisnotimpossible,andbyworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigateitsworsteffectsandcreateamoresustainablefuture.解析思路：文章最后一段表達(dá)了作者的信念，“Thefightagainstclimatechangeisalongandarduousprocess,butitisnotimpossible.Byworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigatetheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandcreateamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.”這表明盡管應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而艱巨的過程，但并非不可能，通過共同努力和實(shí)施可持續(xù)實(shí)踐，我們可以減輕其最壞的影響，為子孫后代創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來。第三部分閱讀理解11.Thedefiningcharacteristicofthegigeconomyisalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.解析思路：文章第一段定義了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的特征，“Theconceptof'gigeconomy'hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,referringtoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.”這表明零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的定義是由短期合同或自由職業(yè)取代永久職位的一種勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)。12.Someadvantagesofworkinginthegigeconomyincludeflexibilityinchoosingwhenandwheretowork,settingone'sownschedule,takingonasmuchoraslittleworkasdesired,andopportunitiestodevelopnewskillsandexploredifferentcareerpaths.解析思路：文章第二段列舉了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，包括工作時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的靈活性、自行安排時(shí)間表、根據(jù)自己的意愿承擔(dān)多少工作以及發(fā)展新技能和探索不同職業(yè)道路的機(jī)會(huì)。13.Somechallengesfacedbygigworkersincludelackofbenefitsandsecurityassociatedwithtraditionalemployment,incomevolatilityandfinancialinsecurity,lackofaclearcareerprogressionpath,andlimitedopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.解析思路：文章第二段討論了零工工作者的挑戰(zhàn)，包括缺乏與傳統(tǒng)就業(yè)相關(guān)的福利和安全、收入波動(dòng)和財(cái)務(wù)不安全、缺乏明確的職業(yè)發(fā)展路徑以及職業(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)有限。14.Thepotentialforexploitationinthegigeconomyisthatsomegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections,leavingworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices.解析思路：文章第三段指出，“Somegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections.Thisclassificationcanleaveworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices,suchaslowpay,longworkinghours,andlackofaccesstolegalrecourse.”這表明在零工經(jīng)濟(jì)中，一些零工工作者被歸類為獨(dú)立承包商而不是雇員，這使公司能夠避免提供福利和保護(hù)，使工人容易受到不公平行為的影響。15.Stepsthatcanbetakentoaddressthechallengesofthegigeconomyincludeimplementingnewlaborlaws,providingsupportforgigworkers,andpromotingthedevelopmentofalternativeworkarrangementsthatbalancetheneedsofworkersandbusinesses.解析思路：文章最后一段提出了解決零工經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)的建議，包括實(shí)施新的勞動(dòng)法、為零工工作者提供支持，以及促進(jìn)滿足工人和企業(yè)需求的替代工作安排的發(fā)展。第四部分閱讀理解16.Themainpurposeofmachinelearningistoenablemachinestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.解析思路：文章第二段解釋了機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的目的，“Machinelearningalgorithmsareusedtoanalyzelargedatasets,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionsordecisionsbasedonthatdata.Thishasledtosignificantbreakthrough