高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省荊州市沙市區(qū)某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitanandVeronese.TheNorthWinghouses17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velazquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghouses18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours:TheGalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).1.Inwhichcentury’scollectioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?A.The20th B.The17thC.The18th D.The13th2.WhereareLeonardodaVinci’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing. B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing. D.IntheNorthWing.3.WhichundergroundstationisclosesttotheNationalGallery?A.CharingCross. B.LeicesterSquare.C.Embankment. D.PiccadillyCircus.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了英國(guó)國(guó)家美術(shù)館的展品以及這個(gè)展館的布置、開館的時(shí)間等情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的rangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingsto...可知人們可以在這里看到13世紀(jì)的宗教圖畫。B、C、D三項(xiàng)中的圖畫都沒有涉及religious這個(gè)詞。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的ThemainWestWinghouses16th-centurypaintings，andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci...可知，達(dá)?芬奇的作品可以在themainWestWing中看到，因此選B。其他幾個(gè)地方都沒有展出達(dá)?芬奇的畫。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Nearestundergroundstations：CharingCross(2-minutewalk)．..可知，CharingCross離國(guó)家美術(shù)館只有步行2分鐘的路程，其他幾個(gè)地方離國(guó)家美術(shù)館的距離都比CharingCross遠(yuǎn)。故選A。BBaggyhasbecomethefirstdogintheUK—andpotentiallytheworld—tojointhefightagainstairpollutionbyrecordingpollutantlevelsneartheground.Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetotheground.Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblems.Conventionalairpollutionmonitorsarenormallyfixedonlamppostsataboutninefeetintheair.However,sinceBaggystandsataboutthesameheightasachildinapushchair（嬰兒車）,shefrequentlyrecordspollutionlevelswhicharemuchhigherthanthedatagatheredbytheEnvironmentAgency.ThedoggydataresearchwastheideaofBaggy's13-year-oldownerTomHuntandhisdadMatt.TheEnglishyoungsternoticedthatpollutionlevelsarearoundtwo-thirdshigherclosetothegroundthantheyareintheairattheheightwheretheyarerecordedbytheagency.Tomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.MattHuntsaidhewas"veryproud"ofhissonbecause“whentheboygetsanidea,hekeepshisheaddownandgetsonwithit,andhereallydoeswanttodosomegoodandstopyoungkidsfromgettingasthma."“Tombuiltupapassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小裝置）.Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandlethermonitorthepollution？'Sowedidit."Tomsaid,"Mostofthetime,Baggyisjustlikeanyotherdog.Butfortherestofthetimesheisasuperdog,andweareallreallyproudofher."4.Withamonitoronhercollar,Baggycan____________.A.takepollutantreadings B.recordpollutantlevelsC.processcollecteddata D.reduceairpollution5.WhatcanwelearnfromtheBaggydata?A.Highplacesarefreeofairpollution.B.Higherpushchairsaremoreriskyforkids.C.Conventionalmonitorsaremorereliable.D.Airismorepollutedclosertotheground.6.WhatisTom'spurposeofdoingtheresearch?A.Towarnofahealthrisk. B.Tofindoutpollutionsources.C.Totesthisnewmonitor. D.ToproveBaggy'sabilities.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeTomHunt?A.Modest. B.Generous. C.Creative. D.Outgoing.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了13歲的孩子TomHunt和他的爸爸通過(guò)在自己的寵物狗的脖子上戴污染監(jiān)測(cè)器來(lái)記錄地面附近的污染物水平；監(jiān)測(cè)儀顯示，接近地面的空氣污染水平更高，這有助于強(qiáng)調(diào)嬰兒和幼兒可能面臨更高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)展肺部問題的擔(dān)憂。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：她的衣領(lǐng)上戴著監(jiān)視器，Baggy可以…。根據(jù)文章第二段Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetotheground.Baggy在她的衣領(lǐng)上戴著污染監(jiān)測(cè)器，這樣她就可以在接近地面的地方進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)量。可知戴著污染監(jiān)測(cè)器可以記錄污染物的水平。故答案為B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。本題題干意為：我們從Baggy收集到的數(shù)據(jù)中可以了解到什么？根據(jù)文章第二段Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblems.她的監(jiān)測(cè)儀顯示，接近地面的空氣污染水平更高，這有助于突顯嬰兒和幼童罹患肺部疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高的擔(dān)憂?？芍咏孛娴目諝馕廴舅礁?。故答案為D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。本題題干意為：進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究Tom的意圖是？根據(jù)文章第四段Tomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasizethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.湯姆已經(jīng)令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)報(bào)告給政府,試圖強(qiáng)調(diào),嬰兒患哮喘的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高?？芍猅om研究的目的是對(duì)健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提出警告。故答案為A項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。本題題干意為：根據(jù)文章，哪個(gè)詞最能描述湯姆·亨特?根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Tombuiltupapassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小裝置）.Aboutoneyearago,hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon,wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid,whydon'tweputitonBaggy'scollarandlethermonitorthepollution？'Sowedidit."湯姆在很小的時(shí)候就對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)生了熱情，馬特補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。他非常感興趣的產(chǎn)品(小裝置)。大約一年前，他得到了一個(gè)類似試管的新技術(shù)。一個(gè)星期天的下午，我們出去做一些監(jiān)測(cè)，他說(shuō)，為什么我們不把它戴在Baggy的衣領(lǐng)上，讓她監(jiān)測(cè)污染?于是我們就這么做了。可知Tom是非常的有創(chuàng)造力的。故答案為C項(xiàng)。CInrecentyears,theintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)intolanguagelearninghassparkedbothenthusiasmanddebateamongeducatorsandlearners.A2023studypublishedinJournalofEducationalTechnologytracked1,200collegestudentsoverasix-monthperiod,comparingtraditionallanguagecourseswithAI-assistedlearningprograms.TheresultsrevealedthatstudentsusingAItoolsshoweda25%fasterimprovementinvocabularyandan18%higheraccuracyingrammarexercises,thoughtheirperformanceinface-to-faceconversationremainedonparwith(水平相當(dāng))thecontrolgroup.ResearcherscreditthisdiscrepancytotheAI’sstrengthinrepetitive,rule-basedtasks.“AIisgoodatprovidinginstant,personalizedfeedbackongrammarandvocabulary,”explainedDr.LiMei,leadauthorofthestudy.“Buthumaninteractionisirreplaceableforsubtledifferenceslikeintonation,culturalcontext,andemotionalexpression.”Thisfindingalignswith(相一致)asurveybytheInternationalLanguageTeachingAssociation,where68%ofteachersnotedthatwhileAIreducedtheirworkloadingradinganddrillsessions,itfailedtoreplicate(復(fù)制)themotivationalimpactofateacher’sencouragement.Criticsarguethatover-relianceonAImightweakenstudents’abilitytothinkcritically.Afollow-upsurveyofthe1,200participantsfoundthat32%ofAIusersadmittedtorelyingonthetool’ssuggestionswithoutfullyunderstandingtheunderlyingrules,comparedtojust11%inthetraditionalgroup.“Technologyshouldbeascaffold(腳手架),notacrutch(拐杖),”warnedProfessorZhangWeifromBeijingNormalUniversity.“EducatorsmustguidestudentstouseAImindfully,combiningitsefficiencywithhuman-leddeeplearning.”Despitetheseconcerns,theadoptionofAIinlanguageclassroomscontinuestorise.A2024reportbyEdTechInsightspredictsthatby2025,70%ofhighereducationinstitutionswillbringAIlanguagetoolsintotheircurricula(課程),drivenbystudentdemandforflexible,self-pacedlearningoptions.“Studentstodaygrewupwithtechnology;theyexpectlearningtobeinteractiveandadaptive,”saidLauraChen,asenioratShanghaiUniversitywhousesanAIlanguageappdaily.“It’snotaboutreplacingteachers—it’saboutcreatingamoredynamiclearningecosystem.”8.Whatisthemainfindingofthe2023studymentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.AItoolssignificantlyimprovedstudents’conversationalskills.B.Traditionalcoursesweremoreeffectiveinlong-termlanguageretention.C.StudentsusingAIshowedfasterprogressinvocabularyandgrammar.D.AI-assistedlearningreducedtheworkloadofalllanguageteachers.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discrepancy”(Para.2)probablymean?A.Improvement B.Similarity C.Difference D.Advantage10.WhatconcerndocriticsexpressaboutAIinlanguagelearning?A.Itmayreducethenumberofteachingpositions.B.Itfailstoprovideinstantfeedbackongrammar.C.AItoolsaretooexpensiveformostinstitutions.D.Studentsmightdependonitwithoutunderstandingrules.11.Whatdoesthe2024EdTechInsightsreportsuggestaboutAIadoption?A.StudentdemandisakeydriverforintegratingAIintocurricula.B.Mostuniversitieswillstopusingtraditionallanguagecoursesby2025.C.AIwillreplacehumanteachersin70%oflanguageclassrooms.D.EducatorsareresistanttoAIduetojobsecurityconcerns.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能融入語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的相關(guān)研究、爭(zhēng)議及應(yīng)用趨勢(shì)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheresultsrevealedthatstudentsusingAItoolsshoweda25%fasterimprovementinvocabularyandan18%higheraccuracyingrammarexercises,thoughtheirperformanceinface-to-faceconversationremainedonparwiththecontrolgroup.(結(jié)果顯示，使用人工智能工具的學(xué)生在詞匯方面的進(jìn)步速度快了25%，在語(yǔ)法練習(xí)中的準(zhǔn)確率高了18%，不過(guò)他們?cè)诿鎸?duì)面交流中的表現(xiàn)與對(duì)照組水平相當(dāng))”可知，2023年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)使用人工智能的學(xué)生在詞匯和語(yǔ)法方面進(jìn)步更快。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“ResearcherscreditthisdiscrepancytotheAI’sstrengthinrepetitive,rule-basedtasks.“AIisgoodatprovidinginstant,personalizedfeedbackongrammarandvocabulary,”explainedDr.LiMei,leadauthorofthestudy.“Buthumaninteractionisirreplaceableforsubtledifferenceslikeintonation,culturalcontext,andemotionalexpression.”(研究人員將這種discrepancy歸因于人工智能在重復(fù)性、規(guī)則導(dǎo)向型任務(wù)中的優(yōu)勢(shì)。該研究的主要作者李梅博士解釋道：“人工智能擅長(zhǎng)針對(duì)語(yǔ)法和詞匯提供即時(shí)、個(gè)性化的反饋。但在語(yǔ)調(diào)、文化語(yǔ)境和情感表達(dá)等細(xì)微差異方面，人際互動(dòng)具有不可替代性?！?”可知，人工智能擅長(zhǎng)在語(yǔ)法和詞匯方面提供即時(shí)、個(gè)性化的反饋，但是人類的互動(dòng)在語(yǔ)調(diào)、文化背景和情感表達(dá)等細(xì)微差別方面是不可替代的，由此可推測(cè)出，劃線單詞“discrepancy”意為“差異”。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Criticsarguethatover-relianceonAImightweakenstudents’abilitytothinkcritically.Afollow-upsurveyofthe1,200participantsfoundthat32%ofAIusersadmittedtorelyingonthetool’ssuggestionswithoutfullyunderstandingtheunderlyingrules.(批評(píng)者認(rèn)為，過(guò)度依賴人工智能可能會(huì)削弱學(xué)生的批判性思維能力。對(duì)1200名參與者的后續(xù)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，32%的人工智能使用者承認(rèn)在沒有完全理解潛在規(guī)則的情況下依賴該工具的建議)”可知，批評(píng)者擔(dān)心學(xué)生可能依賴人工智能卻不理解規(guī)則。故選D?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“A2024reportbyEdTechInsightspredictsthatby2025,70%ofhighereducationinstitutionswillbringAIlanguagetoolsintotheircurricula,drivenbystudentdemandforflexible,self-pacedlearningoptions.(EdTechInsights2024年的一份報(bào)告預(yù)測(cè)，到2025年，在學(xué)生對(duì)靈活、自主節(jié)奏學(xué)習(xí)選項(xiàng)的需求推動(dòng)下，70%的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)將把人工智能語(yǔ)言工具納入其課程)”可知，學(xué)生需求是將人工智能融入課程的關(guān)鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)力。故選A。DPeoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.Thefindings,basedonperformancesandself-evaluationbyabout275collegestudents,indicatethatmanypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistractedandcan’tfocusononeactivity.And“thosepeopleturnouttobetheworstathandlingdifferentthings,”saidDavidSanbonmatsu,apsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Sanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesgavethestudentsasetoftestsandaskedthemtoreporthowoftentheymultitasked,howgoodtheythoughttheywereatit,andhowsensation-seeking(尋求刺激)orimperative(沖動(dòng))theywere.Theythenevaluatedtheparticipants’multitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.Notsurprisingly,thescientistssaid,mostpeoplethoughttheywerebetterthanaverageatmultitasking,andthosewhothoughttheywerebetteratitweremorelikelytoreportusingacellphonewhiledrivingorviewingmultiplekindsofmediaatonce.Butthosewhofrequentlydealwithmanythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitaskingtest.Theyalsoweremorelikelytoadmittosensation-seekingandimpulsivebehavior,whichconnectswithhoweasilypeoplegetboredanddistracted.“Peoplemultitasknotbecauseit’sgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausethey’redistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant.”Sanbonmatsusaid.AdamGazzaley,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldn’tfindoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtendtowardmultitaskingorwhetherpeople’srecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.Thefindingsdosuggest,however,whythesensation-seekerwhomultitaskthemostmayenjoyriskydistracteddriving.“Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.”saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup.“Thismaypartlyexplainwhypeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughthey’redangerous.”12.TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitask__________.A.seekhighproductivityconstantlyB.preferhandlingdifferentthingswhengettingboredC.aremorefocusedwhendoingmanythingsatatimeD.havethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime13.WhenSanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesconductedtheirresearch,they__________.A.assessedthemultitaskingabilityofthestudentsB.evaluatedtheacademicachievementsofthestudentsC.analyzedtheeffectsoftheparticipants’trickymentaltasksD.measuredthechangesofthestudents’understandingability14.AccordingtoSanbonmatsu,peoplemultitaskbecauseoftheir__________.A.limitedpowerincalculationB.interestsindoingthingsdifferentlyC.inabilitytoconcentrateononetaskD.impulsivedesiretotrynewthings15.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthatmultitaskersusually__________.A.driveveryskillfullyB.goinfordifferenttasksC.failtoreactquicklytopotentialdangersD.refusetoexplainthereasonsfortheirbehavior【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了Sanbonmatsu與他的同事們的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果：同時(shí)做很多事情的人往往會(huì)有最糟糕的結(jié)果，這是因?yàn)檫@些人做事情不專心，他們不能對(duì)潛在的危險(xiǎn)作出迅速的反應(yīng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明：一直同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的人可能在同時(shí)做兩件事時(shí)表現(xiàn)最差。)”可知，Sanbonmatsu的研究表明：同時(shí)做多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的人在同時(shí)做很多事情時(shí)往往會(huì)有最差的結(jié)果，故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theythenevaluatedtheparticipants’multitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.(然后，他們通過(guò)一項(xiàng)棘手的心理任務(wù)評(píng)估參與者的多任務(wù)處理能力，該任務(wù)要求學(xué)生在記住一組字母的同時(shí)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算。)”可知，Sanbonmatsu和他的同事們?cè)趯?shí)驗(yàn)中評(píng)估了學(xué)生們的多任務(wù)處理能力，故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“‘Peoplemultitasknotbecauseit’sgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausethey’redistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant.’Sanbonmatsusaid.(Sanbonmatsu說(shuō)：“人們同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)不是因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)帶來(lái)更高的生產(chǎn)力，而是因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)分心，他們會(huì)陷入不那么重要的事情中。”)”可知，Sanbonmatsu認(rèn)為人們處理多個(gè)任務(wù)是因?yàn)樗麄兎中?，注意力無(wú)法集中在一個(gè)任務(wù)上，故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.’saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup.(另一位不在小組中的研究人員PaulAtchley說(shuō)：“多任務(wù)處理的人通常對(duì)危險(xiǎn)情況不太敏感?！?”可知，多任務(wù)處理者對(duì)潛在的危險(xiǎn)不敏感，故推知他們不能迅速對(duì)危險(xiǎn)作出反應(yīng)，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Secretcodes(密碼)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.____16____Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.____17____Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”___18___Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.___19___Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”___20___However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了密碼的重要性、密碼的設(shè)置方式、密碼本的作用?！?6題詳析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講人們使用密碼已經(jīng)幾千年了，下句講密碼破譯工作?？瞻滋幒兔艽a破譯有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合語(yǔ)境，連接上下文。故選D。【17題詳析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。后面的例子是來(lái)證明人們?cè)O(shè)置密碼時(shí)往往會(huì)利用一些單詞的第一個(gè)字母作為密碼，E項(xiàng)符合此內(nèi)容，故選E?！?8題詳析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下文的解釋內(nèi)容可知介紹了密碼設(shè)置的又一種方法，G項(xiàng)符合此意，故選G。【19題詳析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)下文的例子及上句中的acodebook可以判斷該句是介紹密碼本的使用，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合此意，承上啟下。故選F?！?0題詳析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上文介紹密碼本的重要作用，A項(xiàng)：沒有密碼本很難破譯，總結(jié)上文。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis___21___processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy___22___atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage.Ineverfeltanurgetolearnanysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.The___23___languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions.LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy___24___forASL.The___25___beganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClub___26___theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandtheveryideaofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking___27___me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthepast.Thisnewnessjustleftme___28___more.Afterthat,feelingtheneedtoexplorefurther,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub’smeetings.Ionlylearnedhowto___29___thealphabet(字母)thatday.Yetinsteadofbeing____30____bymyslowprogress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointto____31____thosemeetingsandlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm,I____32____anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas____33____.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.____34____,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthe____35____wayofcommunicationitopens.21.A.searching B.planning C.evaluating D.founding22.A.progress B.experience C.major D.route23.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken24.A.passion B.concern C.objective D.request25.A.meeting B.trip C.story D.task26.A.recorded B.performed C.adopted D.discussed27.A.bothered B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted28.A.displaying B.acting C.saying D.wanting29.A.print B.write C.sign D.count30.A.inspired B.discouraged C.acknowledged D.distracted31.A.chair B.schedule C.attend D.organize32.A.calledoff B.tookover C.gaveup D.registeredfor33.A.prohibited B.advocated C.ignored D.repeated34.A.Lastly B.Consequently C.Instead D.Nevertheless35.A.easy B.potential C.quick D.new【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.C30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者被美國(guó)手語(yǔ)吸引，學(xué)習(xí)它的經(jīng)歷和感受。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己也經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)尋找過(guò)程，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些改變了我大學(xué)生活的東西：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了美國(guó)手語(yǔ)（ASL）。A.searching搜索，尋找；B.planning計(jì)劃；C.evaluating評(píng)估；D.founding成立。根據(jù)前文“collegesetsthestageforthatexploration”可知，大學(xué)是探索的過(guò)程，也是尋找的過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己也經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)尋找過(guò)程，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些改變了我大學(xué)生活的東西：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了美國(guó)手語(yǔ)（ASL）。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.major專業(yè)；D.route路線。根據(jù)前文“foundsomethingthathaschangedmy”和后文“atcollege”和下文可知，上大學(xué)時(shí)作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了改變大學(xué)經(jīng)歷的美國(guó)手語(yǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞，名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我所有的交流中，口頭語(yǔ)言就足夠了。A.official官方的；B.foreign外國(guó)的；C.body身體；D.spoken口頭的。根據(jù)前文“Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.”可知，作者全家都是聽力健全的，所以用口語(yǔ)交流。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一點(diǎn)也不知道我會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我對(duì)美國(guó)手語(yǔ)的熱情。A.passion熱情；B.concern擔(dān)憂；C.objective目標(biāo)；D.request要求。根據(jù)下文“Afterthat,feelingtheneedtoexplorefurther,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub’smeetings.”可知，作者對(duì)美國(guó)手語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生了熱情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：故事發(fā)生在我上大學(xué)的第一個(gè)星期。A.meeting會(huì)議；B.trip旅行；C.story故事；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“IwatchedastheASLClub______theirtranslationofasong.”可知，作者描述了自己和手語(yǔ)的故事。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我觀看了美國(guó)手語(yǔ)俱樂部翻譯的一首歌。A.recorded記錄；B.performed表演，表現(xiàn)；C.adopted收養(yǎng)，采用；D.discussed討論。根據(jù)前文“IwatchedastheASLClub”可知，作者在觀看的應(yīng)該是手語(yǔ)俱樂部的表演。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：手勢(shì)和不用說(shuō)話就能交流的想法都吸引了我。A.bothered煩擾；B.supported支持；C.embarrassed使尷尬；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)下文“Afterthat,feelingtheneedtoexplorefurther”可知，這次觀看吸引了作者，所以才會(huì)想要探索更多。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種新鮮感讓我想要更多。A.displaying陳列，展示；B.acting表演；C.saying說(shuō)；D.wanting想要。根據(jù)下文“feelingtheneedtoexplorefurther”可知，作者想要探索更多，因此，第一次觀看的新鮮感讓作者想要更多。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天我只學(xué)會(huì)了如何用手語(yǔ)。A.print打印；B.write書寫；C.sign示意；D.count計(jì)數(shù)。根據(jù)前文“IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub’smeetings”可知，作者參加了手語(yǔ)俱樂部的會(huì)議，學(xué)會(huì)了如何示意字母，運(yùn)用手語(yǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我并沒有因?yàn)檫M(jìn)步緩慢而氣餒，反而感到興奮。A.inspired鼓舞；B.discouraged使泄氣；C.acknowledged承認(rèn)；D.distracted使分心。根據(jù)前文“Yetinsteadof”及后文“bymyslowprogress”可知，雖然作者進(jìn)步很慢，但是并沒有泄氣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我決定參加這些會(huì)議，盡我所能學(xué)習(xí)。A.chair主持；B.schedule安排；C.attend出席，參加；D.organize組織。根據(jù)后文“andlearnallIcould”可知，作者盡可能學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)該是參加了這些會(huì)議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：下個(gè)學(xué)期，我注冊(cè)了一門美國(guó)手語(yǔ)課。A.calledoff叫停；B.tookover接管；C.gaveup放棄；D.registeredfor注冊(cè)，報(bào)名。根據(jù)后文“anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeaf”可知，作者注冊(cè)了手語(yǔ)課。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：教授耳聾，不許說(shuō)話，但我很快意識(shí)到這種沉默并非令人不快。A.prohibited嚴(yán)禁；B.advocated提倡；C.ignored忽視；D.repeated重復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.”可知，課堂上嚴(yán)禁講話。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，如果有任何談話，它會(huì)使我們學(xué)得更少。A.Lastly最后；B.Consequently因此；C.Instead相反；D.Nevertheless然而。根據(jù)前文“Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.”及后文“iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.”可知，作者認(rèn)為，不說(shuō)話挺不錯(cuò)的，相反，說(shuō)話會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)得更少。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我很欣賞這種沉默，以及它開啟的一種新的交流方式。A.easy容易的；B.potential有潛力的；C.quick快速的；D.new新的。根據(jù)上文“Thisnewnessjustleftme______more.”可知，對(duì)于聽說(shuō)健全的作者來(lái)說(shuō)，這種交流方式是全新的。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TCM,shortfortraditionalChinesemedicine,isasystemofmedicine,which____36____(practise)inChinaforover3,000years.ItislargelyrelatedtoChinesehistoryandculture.Shennong,____37____figureinancientmyth,isbelievedasthefatherofChinesemedicine.Accordingtothelegend,hetestedhundredsofherbstofindanything____38____couldbeusedasmedicine.Generally,TCMismuchmoreaboutachievingthebalanceofhumanbody.Ithasgraduallydevelopedintoamedicalscienceinthedailylifeofthepeopleandintheprocessofthem____39____(fight)againstdiseases.ProfessionalsregardTCMas____40____(effective)inpreventingdiseasesandcuringchronic(慢性的)illnessthanwesternmedicine.Underthetheoryof“treatpre-disease”,peoplebelievesomemedicineandfoodsharethesameorigin____41____thatthesamekindofmaterialcanbepartoftherecipesofbothmedicineandfood.In2015,ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize____42____thediscoveryofartemisinin.Herdiscovery____43____(root)inancientChineseherbalmedicinehasbroughttraditionalChinesemedicinetotheworld.Nowitis____44____(wide)appliedinotherAsiannations.ManyforeignersincludingOlympicathletes,aregettingfascinatedbyvarious_____45_____(treat),suchasCupping,Guasha,tui-na.【答案】36.hasbeenpracticed37.a38.that39.fighting40.moreeffective41.and42.for43.rooted44.widely45.treatments【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)（TCM）在中國(guó)有著三千多年的歷史，與中國(guó)歷史文化緊密相關(guān)，包括其發(fā)展過(guò)程、理念以及其在世界上的影響?！?6題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：中醫(yī)，即傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)的縮寫，是一種醫(yī)學(xué)體系，在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有三千多年的實(shí)踐歷史。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forover3,000years可知，這里要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。又因?yàn)門CM和practise之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即中醫(yī)是被施行的，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)asystemofmedicine是單數(shù)，故填hasbeenpractised?！?7題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：神農(nóng)是古代神話中的人物，被認(rèn)為是中醫(yī)之父。Shennong是古代神話中的一個(gè)人物，afigure表示“一個(gè)人物”，用不定冠詞a來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞figure，故填a?！?8題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：根據(jù)傳說(shuō)，他測(cè)試了數(shù)百種草藥，以找到任何可以用作藥物的東西。先行詞是anything，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞用that。故填that?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：它已逐漸發(fā)展成為一門醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)，貫穿人們的日常生活和與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)的過(guò)程中。intheprocessof...意思是“在……的過(guò)程中”，其中of是介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，them指代thepeople，且people和fight之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填fighting?！?0題詳析】考查比較級(jí)。句意：專業(yè)人士認(rèn)為中醫(yī)比西醫(yī)更有效地預(yù)防疾病和治療慢性病。根據(jù)后面的thanwesternmedicine可知，這里要用比較級(jí)，effective是多音節(jié)形容詞，其比較級(jí)是moreeffective。故填moreeffective?！?1題詳析】考查連詞。句意：在“治未病”理論下，人們認(rèn)為某些藥物和食物同源，并且同一種物質(zhì)可以同時(shí)是藥物和食物配方的一部分。peoplebelievesomemedicineandfoodsharethesameorigin和thatthesamekindofmaterialcanbepartoftherecipesofbothmedicineandfood是并列關(guān)系，用and連接。故填and?！?2題詳析】考查介詞。句意：2015年，中國(guó)科學(xué)家屠呦呦因發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素而獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?！皐intheNobelPrizefor...”是固定搭配，意思是“因……而獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”。故填for。【43題詳析】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：她對(duì)古老中草藥的發(fā)現(xiàn)將傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)帶到了世界。Herdiscovery和root之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即她的發(fā)現(xiàn)根源在于古代中草藥，所以用過(guò)去分詞rooted作后置定語(yǔ)，故填rooted?！?4題詳析】考查副詞。句意：現(xiàn)在它已在其他亞洲國(guó)家得到廣泛應(yīng)用。applied是動(dòng)詞apply的過(guò)去分詞，這里需要一個(gè)副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，wide是形容詞，其副詞形式是widely，表示“廣泛地”。故填widely?！?5題詳析】考查名詞。句意：許多外國(guó)人，包括奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)員，都對(duì)各種治療方法著迷，例如拔罐、刮痧、推拿。various后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，treat的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式為treatments。故填treatments。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的新西蘭朋友Terry將去中國(guó)朋友家做客，發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關(guān)習(xí)俗。請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件。內(nèi)容包括：（1）到達(dá)時(shí)間；（2）合適的禮物；

（3）餐桌禮儀。注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【答案】DearTerry,Howareyoudoing?LearningthatyouareabouttopayavisittoaChinesefriendandconfusedabouttheChinesecustoms,Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomerelevantdetails.Firstly,Iwouldliketosuggestthatyouarrive5to10minutes