3/3專題01非限制性定語從句（期末復(fù)習(xí)講義）年份卷別考點考情分析2025浙江卷關(guān)系代詞which【考向透視】考點分布：關(guān)系代詞(which/who/whose)考查頻率>關(guān)系副詞(where/when)考查重點：非限制性定語從句的識別(逗號標(biāo)志)關(guān)系詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系(指代人/物/時間/地點)which與as的區(qū)別用法(句首只能用as)that不能用于非限制性定語從句(高頻易錯點)?！緩?fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.準(zhǔn)確識別非限制性定語從句(通過逗號與主句分隔的特點)2.熟練掌握關(guān)系詞基本用法。新高考II卷關(guān)系副詞where2024新高考I卷關(guān)系代詞which北京卷關(guān)系代詞who2023全國甲卷關(guān)系副詞where北京卷關(guān)系代詞which非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句知識點01定義與基本特征定義：對先行詞進行補充說明，去掉后不影響主句意思的完整性，與主句之間用逗號隔開?；咎卣鳎罕赜枚禾柗指糁骶渑c從句；不能用that引導(dǎo)；關(guān)系詞一般不能省略（except,but,as除外的特殊情況）；④先行詞可指人、物、整個主句內(nèi)容。與限制性定語從句的核心區(qū)別：限制性定語從句無逗號，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定語從句有逗號，僅起補充說明作用。【即時檢測】Mysister,____________________isadoctor,willcometoseemethisweekend.Thisbook,____________________coverisblue,waswrittenbyafamouswriter.Hepassedtheexam,____________________madehisparentsveryhappy.WevisitedBeijing,____________________isthecapitalofChina,lastsummer.Thegirl,____________________wemetatthepartyyesterday,singsverywell.Iboughtanewphone,____________________costme5,000yuan.【答案】1.who2.whose3.which4.which5.whom6.which知識點02關(guān)系代詞的用法which：指代物或整個主句內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語；不能指代人，不能用that替換。who/whom：who指代人，在從句中作主語；whom指代人，在從句中作賓語（可省略，但非限制性從句中建議保留）。whose：指代人或物的“……的”，在從句中作定語，可替換為“ofwhich/whom”（物用ofwhich，人用ofwhom）。as：可指代整個主句內(nèi)容，常與such,as,so,thesame連用，或用于句首；在從句中作主語、賓語或表語?！炯磿r檢測】Thefactory,____________________producestoys,hasbeeninoperationfor20years.Mr.Li,____________________werespectdeeply,hastaughtEnglishfor30years.Thehouse,____________________windowsfacesouth,getsplentyofsunshine.____________________isknowntoall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.Hehasthesamepen____________________Iboughtyesterday.Theproject,____________________weworkedonforhalfayear,wasagreatsuccess.【答案】1.which2.whom3.whose4.As5.as6.which知識點03關(guān)系副詞的用法when：指代時間，在從句中作時間狀語，可替換為“介詞+which”（如inwhich,onwhich）。where：指代地點，在從句中作地點狀語，可替換為“介詞+which”（如inwhich,atwhich）。why：非限制性定語從句中極少用why，若表“原因”，常用forwhich替代（先行詞多為reason）。?注意：關(guān)系副詞在非限制性定語從句中不可省略，且不能用that替換?！炯磿r檢測】Istillremembertheday,____________________Ifirstcametothisschool.Shanghai,____________________Iwasborn,isamoderncity.Hegavenoreason,____________________wasacceptableforus.Wewillgotothecountryside,____________________theairisfresh.Theyear2020,____________________theCOVID-19brokeout,wasanunusualyear.Thereason,____________________heexplainedatthemeeting,wasnotconvincing.【答案】1.when2.where3.which4.where5.when6.which知識點04特殊用法：介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞+which/whom（非限制性定語從句中，介詞可置于關(guān)系代詞前，此時關(guān)系代詞不能用that，也不能省略）。?介詞選擇依據(jù)：①先行詞的固定搭配（如attentionto,keyto）；②從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配（如listento,dependon）；③句子的語義邏輯。?常見結(jié)構(gòu)：inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,forwhich,withwhich,aboutwhich,ofwhom等?！炯磿r檢測】Thebook,____________________Ipaid100yuan,isveryvaluable.Thegirl,____________________wetalkedjustnow,isourmonitor.Thisisthehouse,____________________windowsfacetheriver.Heboughtanewcar,____________________hespentallhissavings.Thereason,____________________hewaslate,wasthathemissedthebus.Theman,____________________wegotmuchhelp,movedtoanothercity.【答案】1.forwhich2.withwhom3.ofwhich4.onwhich5.forwhich6.fromwhom易｜錯｜點｜撥1.易錯點1：誤用that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句規(guī)避方法：牢記非限制性定語從句的核心規(guī)則——無論先行詞是人還是物，均不能用that引導(dǎo)，直接排除that選項。2.易錯點2：as與which的位置混淆規(guī)避方法：形成固定認知——as可放句首，which絕對不能；句中/句末表“正如”用as，表“這件事”用which。3.易錯點3：介詞+關(guān)系代詞的介詞搭配錯誤規(guī)避方法：積累高頻固定搭配（如devote...to→towhich,livein→inwhich），做題時先鎖定搭配對象（先行詞/謂語動詞），再確定介詞。4.易錯點4：省略不該省略的關(guān)系詞規(guī)避方法：非限制性定語從句中，除as引導(dǎo)的固定句式（如asweknow）外，關(guān)系代詞/副詞一般不能省略，尤其是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞。5.易錯點5：whose與ofwhich/whom的轉(zhuǎn)換錯誤規(guī)避方法：明確轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則——whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhich（物）/the+名詞+ofwhom（人），如whosewindows=thewindowsofwhich。6.易錯點6：忽略逗號的作用（混淆兩種定語從句）規(guī)避方法：做題時先看是否有逗號，有逗號大概率是非限制性，直接按非限制性規(guī)則解題；無逗號再考慮限制性的特殊用法。解｜題｜技｜巧1.先判類型：區(qū)分限制性與非限制性看到逗號分隔主句與從句，優(yōu)先判斷為非限制性定語從句，直接排除that引導(dǎo)的選項；無逗號則可能是限制性定語從句，需進一步分析。2.鎖定先行詞：明確修飾對象找準(zhǔn)先行詞（人、物、時間、地點或整個主句），是選擇關(guān)系詞的核心依據(jù)。若先行詞是人，優(yōu)先考慮who/whom/whose；若為物，優(yōu)先考慮which/whose；若為時間/地點，優(yōu)先考慮when/where（或介詞+which）。3.分析成分：確定關(guān)系詞功能判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中所作成分：作主語/賓語/表語，用關(guān)系代詞（which/who/whom/whose/as）；作時間/地點/原因狀語，用關(guān)系副詞（when/where/forwhich）。4.介詞選擇：依托搭配與邏輯遇到“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，先回憶先行詞或從句謂語動詞的固定搭配（如keyto→towhich）；無固定搭配時，根據(jù)句子語義邏輯確定介詞（如“花費金錢在某物上”→onwhich）。5.as與which辨析：抓位置與搭配句首必用as；與such/so/thesame連用必用as；句中/句末表“這一點”用which；表“正如”用as?；A(chǔ)通關(guān)（測試時間：10分鐘）Mybrother,____________________worksinBeijing,willcomebacknextmonth.Thiscomputer,____________________Iboughtlastyear,worksverywell.____________________isknowntoeveryone,thesunrisesintheeast.Thecity,____________________Igrewup,isverybeautiful.Shehasanewdress,____________________colorispink.Hefailedtheexam,____________________madehisteacherangry.Thegirl,____________________youmetatthegate,ismycousin.Wewillvisitthefarm,____________________myuncleworks.Thebook,____________________coverisbroken,isstilluseful.____________________isreported,anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.Hegavemeapen,____________________Ilikeverymuch.Theman,____________________iswearingabluecoat,ismyfather.Theyear2024,____________________wewillgraduate,iscomingsoon.Thisisthepark,____________________weoftenplaybasketball.Shetoldmeastory,____________________wasveryinteresting.Theboy,____________________parentsaredoctors,studieshard.【答案】1.who2.which3.As4.where5.whose6.which7.whom8.where9.whose10.As11.which12.who13.when14.where15.which16.whose重難突破（測試時間：10分鐘）Hehassuchagoodmemory____________________nooneelsehas.Thehouse,____________________welivedforfiveyears,wassoldlastmonth.Shewonthefirstprize,____________________wehadexpected.Theman,____________________weaskedfordirections,wasverykind.Thisisthemagazine,____________________Igotmuchinformationabouthistory.Hewaslateagain,____________________wasnotsurprising.Thegirl,____________________hairislongandblack,singsverywell.____________________wehadhoped,ourteamwonthegame.Thecar,____________________enginewasdamaged,couldn’tbedriven.Sheintroducedmetoherfriend,____________________Ihadheardalot.Theday,____________________wecelebratedourgraduation,wasunforgettable.Helentmeadictionary,____________________isveryusefulformyEnglishstudy.Thereason,____________________herefusedtheinvitation,wasnotclear.Suchnovels____________________youreadarenotsuitableforteenagers.【答案】1.as2.inwhich3.as4.towhom5.fromwhich6.which7.whose8.As9.whose10.ofwhom11.onwhich12.which13.forwhich14.as鏈接高考（測試時間：15分鐘）（2025年新高考I卷?模擬題）Thetraditionalfestival,____________________hasahistoryofover2,000years,iscelebratedbypeoplealloverthecountry.（2025年?模擬題）Sheintroducedmetoherteacher,____________________Ihadheardalotabout.（2024年新高考I卷?模擬題）TheSilkRoad,____________________connectedtheEastandtheWestinancienttimes,isstillofgreatimportancetoday.（2024年新高考II卷?模擬題）Hewroteabook,____________________mainthemeistheimportanceoffriendship.（2024年浙江卷1月?模擬題）____________________isoftenthecase,hegotuplatethismorninga