2025年政治高考英語試卷及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"?A.EconomicgrowthatanycostB.EnvironmentalprotectionwithoutconsideringeconomicbenefitsC.Balancingeconomic,social,andenvironmentalneedsforlong-termbenefitsD.Reducingindustrialproductiontominimizepollution答案：C2.AccordingtoMarxisttheory,theprimarycontradictionincapitalismisbetween:A.CapitalandlaborB.RichandpoorC.UrbanandruralareasD.Developedanddevelopingcountries答案：A3.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheUnitedNations?A.TopromoteeconomiccompetitionamongmemberstatesB.TomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurityC.ToregulatetheglobalfinancialmarketD.Tooverseethepoliticalsystemsofmemberstates答案：B4.Whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleofdemocracy?A.AbsolutemonarchyB.One-partyruleC.MajorityrulewithrespectforminorityrightsD.Dictatorship答案：C5.AccordingtoConfucianism,whatisthemostimportantvirtueforaruler?A.CourageB.BenevolenceC.WealthD.Power答案：B6.Whatisthemaingoalofeconomicglobalization?A.ToincreasetradebarriersB.TopromoteculturalisolationC.TointegrateeconomiesandincreaseinterdependenceD.Toreduceinternationalcooperation答案：C7.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofamarketeconomy?A.CentralplanningbythegovernmentB.LimitedprivatepropertyrightsC.PricedeterminationbysupplyanddemandD.Strictgovernmentcontroloverproduction答案：C8.Accordingtothetheoryofcomparativeadvantage,countriesbenefitfromtradeby:A.ProducingonlywhattheycanproducemostefficientlyB.AvoidingallinternationaltradeC.ProducingeverythingtheyneeddomesticallyD.Imposinghightariffsonimports答案：A9.Whatisthemainpurposeofinternationallaw?A.TopromoteconflictbetweennationsB.ToestablishalegalframeworkforinternationalrelationsC.ToeliminateallinternationalorganizationsD.Toignoretherightsofsmallercountries答案：B10.Accordingtothetheoryofsocialcontract,thelegitimacyofgovernmentisbasedon:A.ThedivinerightofkingsB.TheconsentofthegovernedC.TheforceofmilitarypowerD.Thetraditionofhereditaryrule答案：B二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsofsustainabledevelopment?A.EconomicgrowthB.SocialequityC.EnvironmentalprotectionD.Technologicaladvancement答案：A,B,C2.AccordingtoMarxisttheory,whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsofcapitalism?A.PrivateownershipofthemeansofproductionB.WagelaborC.ProfitmotiveD.Centralplanning答案：A,B,C3.WhatarethemainfunctionsoftheUnitedNations?A.MaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurityB.PromotingeconomicandsocialdevelopmentC.ProtectinghumanrightsD.Regulatinginternationaltrade答案：A,B,C4.Whichofthefollowingarekeyprinciplesofdemocracy?A.MajorityruleB.PoliticalequalityC.FreedomofspeechD.Majorityrulewithrespectforminorityrights答案：A,B,C,D5.AccordingtoConfucianism,whichofthefollowingareimportantvirtues?A.BenevolenceB.RighteousnessC.ProprietyD.Wisdom答案：A,B,C,D6.Whatarethemainbenefitsofeconomicglobalization?A.IncreasedtradeB.EconomicgrowthC.CulturalexchangeD.Reducedpoverty答案：A,B,C,D7.Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsofamarketeconomy?A.PricedeterminationbysupplyanddemandB.PrivatepropertyrightsC.CompetitionD.Governmentintervention答案：A,B,C8.Accordingtothetheoryofcomparativeadvantage,whichofthefollowingaretrue?A.CountriesbenefitfromtradebyspecializinginwhattheyproducemostefficientlyB.TradeincreasesoverallproductionandconsumptionC.TradeleadstoincreasedefficiencyandlowerpricesD.Tradebenefitsonlydevelopedcountries答案：A,B,C9.Whatarethemainpurposesofinternationallaw?A.ToestablishalegalframeworkforinternationalrelationsB.ToresolvedisputesbetweennationsC.TopromoteinternationalcooperationD.Toignoretherightsofsmallercountries答案：A,B,C10.Accordingtothetheoryofsocialcontract,whichofthefollowingaretrue?A.ThelegitimacyofgovernmentisbasedontheconsentofthegovernedB.GovernmentexiststoprotecttherightsofcitizensC.CitizenshavetherighttooverthrowagovernmentthatviolatesthesocialcontractD.Governmentisbasedondivineright答案：A,B,C三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstobalanceeconomic,social,andenvironmentalneedsforlong-termbenefits.(True)2.AccordingtoMarxisttheory,theprimarycontradictionincapitalismisbetweencapitalandlabor.(True)3.ThemainpurposeoftheUnitedNationsistomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity.(True)4.Majorityrulewithrespectforminorityrightsisakeyprincipleofdemocracy.(True)5.AccordingtoConfucianism,benevolenceisthemostimportantvirtueforaruler.(True)6.Economicglobalizationpromotesculturalexchangeandincreasedtrade.(True)7.Amarketeconomyischaracterizedbypricedeterminationbysupplyanddemand.(True)8.Accordingtothetheoryofcomparativeadvantage,countriesbenefitfromtradebyproducingonlywhattheycanproducemostefficiently.(True)9.Internationallawestablishesalegalframeworkforinternationalrelations.(True)10.Accordingtothetheoryofsocialcontract,thelegitimacyofgovernmentisbasedontheconsentofthegoverned.(True)四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatarethethreemainpillarsofsustainabledevelopment?答案：Thethreemainpillarsofsustainabledevelopmentareeconomicgrowth,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotection.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstobalancethesethreepillarstoensurelong-termbenefitsforcurrentandfuturegenerations.2.AccordingtoMarxisttheory,whatistheroleofthestateincapitalism?答案：AccordingtoMarxisttheory,thestateincapitalismservestoprotecttheinterestsoftherulingclass(bourgeoisie)andmaintainthecapitalistsystem.Itenforceslawsthatprotectprivatepropertyandsuppressestheworkingclass(proletariat).3.WhatarethemainfunctionsoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil?答案：ThemainfunctionsoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilaretomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,investigatepotentialthreatstopeace,recommendsolutionstointernationalconflicts,andimposesanctionsorauthorizemilitaryactionwhennecessary.4.AccordingtoConfucianism,whatarethefiveconstantvirtues?答案：AccordingtoConfucianism,thefiveconstantvirtuesarebenevolence(ren),righteousness(yi),propriety(li),wisdom(zhi),andtrustworthiness(xin).Thesevirtuesformthefoundationofmoralconductandsocialharmony.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimpactofeconomicglobalizationondevelopingcountries.答案：Economicglobalizationhashadasignificantimpactondevelopingcountries.Ononehand,ithasprovidedopportunitiesforincreasedtrade,economicgrowth,andaccesstoforeigninvestment.Ontheotherhand,ithasalsoledtoincreasedcompetition,exploitationoflabor,andenvironmentaldegradation.Developingcountriesneedtonavigatethesechallengestoensurethatthebenefitsofglobalizationaresharedequitably.2.Whatarethestrengthsandweaknessesofdemocracyasaformofgovernment?答案：Democracyhasseveralstrengths,includingpoliticalequality,protectionofindividualrights,andaccountabilityofthegovernment.However,italsohasweaknesses,suchasthepotentialformajorityruletoinfringeonminorityrights,theinfluenceofmoneyinpolitics,andthepossibilityofgridlockorinefficiencyindecision-making.3.Howdoesthetheoryofcomparativeadvantageexplainthebenefitsofinternationaltrade?答案：Thetheoryofcomparativeadvantageexplainsthebenefitsofinternationaltrade