2025年英語四六級考試閱讀理解技巧專項試卷高效解題方法考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解（PartIReadingComprehension）directions:*Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.*PassageOneTheriseofthedigitaleconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork.Whileofferingunprecedentedflexibilityandaccesstoglobalmarkets,ithasalsointroducednewchallengesanduncertainties.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsisthetransformationoftraditionalemploymentstructures.Thedeclineofstable,full-timejobsinmanyindustries,replacedbyshort-termcontracts,gigwork,andremotefreelancing,hasledtoconcernsaboutjobsecurityandtheerosionofbenefitstraditionallyassociatedwithpermanentpositions.Thisshiftforcesindividualstobecomeperpetualjobseekers,constantlyadaptingtheirskillsandmarketingthemselvestoremaincompetitive.Furthermore,thedigitaleconomyhasexacerbatedtheissueofthedigitaldivide.Accesstohigh-speedinternet,necessaryhardware,andthedigitalliteracytonavigateonlineplatformsarenolongeroptionalperks;theyareprerequisitesforeconomicparticipation.Thoseleftbehindbythistechnologicalrevolutionfacenotonlyeconomichardshipbutalsoincreasingsocialisolationasessentialservices,education,andevensocialinteractionbecomeincreasinglydigitized.Thedreamofaborderlessworldwhereopportunitiesarelimitlessseemsincreasinglyoutofreachforthosewithoutequalaccesstodigitalinfrastructure.Thegigeconomy,whileofferingautonomytosome,oftenlacksthesafeguardsoftraditionalemployment.Workerstypicallydonotreceivebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,orpaidleave.Incomecanbeunpredictable,leadingtofinancialinstability.Thelackofaformalemployer-employeerelationshipalsomakesitdifficultforworkerstounionizeoradvocateforbetterconditions.Whileplatformsmayprovideamarketplace,theyoftenexertsignificantcontroloverworkingconditionsandpricing,sometimesunderminingtheveryindependencetheypromise.Despitethesechallenges,thedigitaleconomycontinuestogrow,reshapingindustriesandcreatingnewopportunities.Thekeyquestion,then,ishowtomanagethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitswhilemitigatingtherisks.Policiesthatsupportworkerretraining,universalbasicincome,portablebenefits,andregulationsensuringfaircompetitionandpreventingmonopolisticpracticesbylargetechplatformsmaybenecessary.Ultimately,ensuringthefruitsofthedigitaleconomyaresharedequitablyrequiresaproactiveapproachfrompolicymakers,businesses,andindividualsalike.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicofemploymentinthedigitaleconomymentionedinthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemisintensifiedbythedigitaleconomy?3.Whatspecificdisadvantagesdogigworkerstypicallyfacecomparedtotraditionalemployees?4.Whatistheauthorsuggestingasapotentialsolutiontothechallengesposedbythedigitaleconomy?5.Theword"erode"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)StrengthenB)DiminishC)CreateD)ExpandPassageTwoUrbanizationisoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionscontinuingtomovefromruralareastocitiesinsearchofbetteropportunities.Whilecitiesareoftenseenascentersofeconomicgrowthandinnovation,theirrapidexpansionwithoutadequateplanningcanleadtosignificantenvironmentalandsocialproblems.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasputsimmensepressureoninfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,inadequatehousing,andstrainedpublicservices.Airandwaterpollution,oftenabyproductofindustrialactivityandhighenergyconsumption,deterioratethequalityoflifeforcitydwellers.Moreover,theenvironmentalfootprintofcitiesextendsbeyondpollution.Theconstructionofnewbuildingsandinfrastructurerequiresvastamountsofresources,contributingtodeforestationandhabitatdestruction.Theheatislandeffect,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralregionsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandreducedvegetation,exacerbatesclimatechangeandincreasesenergydemandforcooling.Managingwasteeffectivelyisanothermajorchallenge,ascitiesgenerateenormousquantitiesofrefusethatcanoverwhelmexistingdisposalsystemsifnotproperlyhandled.Socially,rapidurbanizationcanleadtothefragmentationofcommunitiesandincreasedsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermorediverseopportunities,thecostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitivelyhighforlower-incomeresidents,leadingtothegrowthofslumsorthedisplacementoflong-termcommunities.Accesstoqualityeducation,healthcare,andgreenspacescanalsobecomeunevenlydistributed,furtherdeepeningthedividebetweendifferenturbanneighborhoods.Thelossoftraditionalcommunitystructuresandsocialtiescanresultinincreasedcrimeratesandsocialunrest.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachfocusedonsustainableurbandevelopment.Thisincludesinvestinginpublictransportationtoreducerelianceonprivatevehicles,promotinggreenbuildingpracticesandurbangreenspaces,implementingefficientwastemanagementandrecyclingprograms,andensuringequitableaccesstohousingandessentialservices.Planningcitieswithafocusonsustainability,resilience,andthewell-beingofallresidentsiscrucial.Byintegratingenvironmentalprotectionwithsocialequity,urbanizationcanbetransformedfromasourceofconflictintoaengineforpositive,inclusivedevelopment.Questions:6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconsequenceofthepressureurbaninfrastructurefaces?7.Whatenvironmentalissueisspecificallylinkedtotheconstructionofcitiesandtheheatislandeffect?8.Howmightrapidurbanizationcontributetosocialinequality,asmentionedinthepassage?9.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryfordealingwiththeproblemsofurbanization?10.Theword"fragmentation"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ExpansionB)IntegrationC)DivisionD)DevelopmentPassageThreeThefieldofartificialintelligence(AI)isadvancingatanexponentialrate,promisingtransformativechangesacrossnearlyeverysectorofsociety.Fromenhancingmedicaldiagnosticsandacceleratingscientificresearchtorevolutionizingtransportationsystemsandpersonalizingconsumerexperiences,AIholdsimmensepotentialtoimprovehumanlife.Inhealthcare,forinstance,AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanmanyhumanradiologists,potentiallyleadingtoearlierdiseasedetection.Inresearch,AIcansiftthroughvastdatasetstoidentifypatternsandgeneratehypothesesthatmighteludehumanscientists.However,thisrapidprogressalsoraisesprofoundethicalquestionsandpotentialrisksthatsocietymustconfront.OneofthemostsignificantconcernsistheimpactofAIonemployment.AutomationdrivenbyAIcoulddisplacemillionsofworkersinindustriesrangingfrommanufacturingandlogisticstocustomerserviceanddataanalysis.Whilenewjobswillundoubtedlybecreated,thereisarealpossibilityofaskillsmismatch,wheretheabilitiesrequiredforfutureemploymentdonotalignwiththeskillspossessedbythedisplacedworkforce.Managingthistransitionwillrequiresubstantialinvestmentineducationandretrainingprograms.Anothermajorethicalconsiderationrevolvesaroundbiasandfairness.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIcanperpetuateandevenamplifythem.Thiscanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice,reinforcingexistinginequalities.EnsuringthatAIalgorithmsaredesignedandtrainedtobefairandunbiasedisacomplexchallengethatrequiresinterdisciplinarycollaborationandrobustoversight.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofincreasinglysophisticatedAIsystemsraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityandcontrol.AsAIsystemsbecomemoreautonomous,determiningwhoisresponsiblewhenanAImakesanerror—beitaprogrammer,theowner,ortheAIitself—becomesdifficult.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialformisuseofAItechnology,suchasthedevelopmentofautonomousweaponssystemsordeepfakesusedformisinformation.Establishingclearethicalguidelines,legalframeworks,andinternationalnormsiscrucialtoguidetheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.NavigatingthepathforwardrequiresacarefulbalancebetweenharnessingtheimmensepotentialbenefitsofAIandmitigatingitsrisks.Collaborationbetweentechnologists,policymakers,ethicists,andthepublicisessentialtoshapeanAIfuturethatisbeneficial,equitable,andsustainable.Questions:11.WhatareaofhealthcareismentionedasbenefitingfromAIapplications?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialnegativeconsequenceofwidespreadAIadoption?13.WhyisensuringAIsystemsarefreefrombiasconsideredanethicalchallenge?14.WhatisakeyconcernregardingtheincreasingautonomyofAIsystems?15.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryfortheresponsibledevelopmentofAI?---試卷答案PassageOne1.B*解析思路：文章首段明確提到“...thetransformationoftraditionalemploymentstructures.Thedeclineofstable,full-timejobs...replacedbyshort-termcontracts,gigwork,andremotefreelancing...”，指出傳統(tǒng)雇傭結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變，穩(wěn)定全職工作崗位減少，被短期合同、零工和遠程自由職業(yè)取代。B選項“不穩(wěn)定性增加，工作形式多樣”符合此描述。2.B*解析思路：文章第二段明確指出“...thedigitaldividehasledtoconcernsaboutjobsecurityandtheerosionofbenefits...Thoseleftbehindbythistechnologicalrevolutionfacenotonlyeconomichardshipbutalsoincreasingsocialisolation...”，即數(shù)字鴻溝導(dǎo)致了經(jīng)濟困境和社會隔離加劇的問題。B選項“加劇社會不平等”是對此的直接概括。3.A*解析思路：文章第三段詳細列舉了零工經(jīng)濟的缺點，其中提到“Furthermore,thegigeconomy,whileofferingautonomytosome,oftenlacksthesafeguardsoftraditionalemployment.Workerstypicallydonotreceivebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,orpaidleave.Incomecanbeunpredictable,leadingtofinancialinstability.”，明確指出零工工作者通常沒有健康保險、退休計劃、帶薪休假等保障，收入不穩(wěn)定。A選項“缺乏保障且收入不穩(wěn)定”概括了核心缺點。4.D*解析思路：文章最后一段提出，“Thekeyquestion,then,ishowtomanagethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitswhilemitigatingtherisks.Policiesthatsupportworkerretraining,universalbasicincome,portablebenefits,andregulationsensuringfaircompetition...maybenecessary.”，明確指出需要通過政策（如支持再培訓(xùn)、普遍基本收入、可攜帶福利、公平競爭法規(guī)等）來管理轉(zhuǎn)型，以最大化收益并降低風(fēng)險。D選項“采取多項政策來管理轉(zhuǎn)型”符合此意。5.B*解析思路：文章第二段提到“...theerosionofbenefitstraditionallyassociatedwithpermanentpositions.”，語境中“benefits”指福利、好處，“erode”意為侵蝕、削弱。B選項“削弱”在此語境下與“benefits”搭配最符合文意。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：文章首段提到“...theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasputsimmensepressureoninfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,inadequatehousing,andstrainedpublicservices.”，明確指出人口高度集中給基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施帶來巨大壓力，導(dǎo)致交通擁堵、住房不足和公共服務(wù)緊張。A選項“導(dǎo)致交通擁堵、住房不足和公共服務(wù)緊張”概括了主要后果。7.A*解析思路：文章第二段提到“...Theheatislandeffect,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralregionsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandreducedvegetation,exacerbatesclimatechangeandincreasesenergydemandforcooling.”，明確指出熱島效應(yīng)使城市區(qū)域比周邊鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)溫度顯著更高，這是由混凝土普遍和植被減少造成的。A選項“城市區(qū)域比周邊鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)溫度更高”是對此現(xiàn)象的直接描述。8.C*解析思路：文章第三段提到“Socially,rapidurbanizationcanleadtothefragmentationofcommunitiesandincreasedsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermorediverseopportunities,thecostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitivelyhighforlower-incomeresidents,leadingtothegrowthofslumsorthedisplacementoflong-termcommunities.Accesstoqualityeducation,healthcare,andgreenspacescanalsobecomeunevenlydistributed,furtherdeepeningthedividebetweendifferenturbanneighborhoods.”，指出快速城市化可能導(dǎo)致社區(qū)碎片化和社會不平等加劇，低收入居民因住房等成本過高而難以負擔(dān)，導(dǎo)致貧民窟滋生或長期社區(qū)被驅(qū)逐，優(yōu)質(zhì)教育、醫(yī)療和綠地資源分配不均，加劇了不同城市鄰里之間的差距。C選項“導(dǎo)致社區(qū)碎片化和社會不平等加劇”概括了核心觀點。9.D*解析思路：文章最后一段提出“Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachfocusedonsustainableurbandevelopment.Thisincludesinvestinginpublictransportation...promotinggreenbuildingpractices...implementingefficientwastemanagement...ensuringequitableaccesstohousingandessentialservices.”，明確指出解決這些挑戰(zhàn)需要多方面的方法，包括投資公共交通、推廣綠色建筑、實施高效廢物管理、確保住房等基本服務(wù)的公平獲取。D選項“采取可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的多方面方法”符合此意。10.C*解析思路：文章第三段提到“...thelossoftraditionalcommunitystructuresandsocialtiescanresultinincreasedcrimeratesandsocialunrest.”，語境中“fragmentation”指社區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)和社交紐帶的喪失。C選項“分裂”在此語境下與“communitystructuresandsocialties”的喪失最符合文意。PassageThree11.A*解析思路：文章第一段提到“...AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanmanyhumanradiologists,potentiallylead