宣城市20242025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測試高一英語試題滿分：150分考試時間：120分鐘注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清晰。3.請按題號順序在各題答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4.保持答題卡卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakersprobablystudytogether?A.Atfouro’clock.B.Atsixo’clock.C.Ateighto’clock.2.Whichrestaurantwillthespeakersprobablygoto?A.Mario’s.B.Luigi’s.C.Gino’s.3.Whatactivitymightthewomanlike?A.Playingbasketball.B.Watchingfootball.C.Readingbooks.4.WhoisLily?A.Thewoman’sdog.B.Theman’sdaughter.C.Mary’sdog.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Working.B.Apologizing.C.Expressingherthanks.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemandoingatthestartoftheconversation?A.Talkingonthephone.B.Typingatextmessage.C.Writinganemail.7.Howdoesthewomanfeellike?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Dissatisfied.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydidn’tthemanshowhisdriver’slicense?A.Hedidn’tdrivethere.B.Heleftitathome.C.Hedoesn’thaveone.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heservesinthearmy.B.Heisastudent.C.Hedoesn’thaveanymoney.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gohome.B.Callhismotherforhelp.C.Openanewaccount.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Shefeelsthatthemanisstrange.B.Shefeelsembarrassed.C.Shefeelsexcited.12.WhydoesthemangotoPhoenix?A.Toreplyanemail.B.Toreceivesomemoney.C.Togiveinstructions.13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthetrainstation.B.Onthetrain.C.IntheCityHall.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoweknowaboutEleanorRoosevelt?A.Shealwaysfollowedherhusband’sthoughts.B.Shecontributedalottothehumanrights.C.Shedidn’tcareaboutpoorpeople.15.Howlongisthewoman’snotesalready?A.Fivepageslong.B.Tenpageslong.C.Twentypageslong.16.Whatistheman’sadvice?AIncludeallthefacts.B.Chooseonlywellknownfacts.C.Selectthemainpoints.17.Whereistheman’sputer?A.Inhisclassroom.B.Inhisroommate’sroom.C.Inthewoman’sapartment.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthemanneedfortheharvest?A.Somelands.B.Anotherhorse.C.Amarket.19.Whatdidtheownerofthehorseagreetodo?A.Lowertheprice.B.Givethemanthebesthorse.C.Letthemantryouttheanimal.20.Whathappenedintheend?A.Themansentthehorseback.B.Themangotthehorseasagift.C.Themanbegantolikethehorse.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHerearesomecharmingtalesyoucanreadwithyourlovedonestofindyourinnerdelight.Areyoureadytobeinspired?OhthePlacesYou’llGoInthisstory,thecharactersailedthroughmanyadventures,conqueringalltheamazinghighsandterriblelows.Throughallthechallenges,itnevergaveup,butkeptmovingforwardtosatisfyitsthirstforexploring.Itfacedallthetwistsandturnsoflifewithexcitement.Thischaracterhasnonamebecauseitisallofus.Itteachesustobetoughinthefaceofallchallengesbecausetheonlykeytoenjoyinglifeistonevergiveuponit.TheRainbowFishInthedeepestoftheoceanslivedafishcalledtheRainbowFish.Ithadsparklingscales(鱗)thatshonelikearainbow.Despitebeingsobeautiful,ithadnofriends,foritwassoselfish!Lifewaslonelyforit.Oneday,itmetawisedolphinwhotoldthefishthatit’sgoodtobehappy,butit’sbettertobringhappinesstoothers.Fromthefollowingday,thefishstartedhelpingotherfishandmademanyfriends.Thisstoryshowsusallthetrueimportanceoffriendship.TheGivingTreeOnceuponatime,therelivedageneroustree.Itusedtoprovideshadeforalittleboytoplayandrest,andstrongbranchestotakeswingson.Whentheboygrewolder,sodidhisneeds.Hestartedtotakemoreandmorefromthetree.First,hetooktheleaves,thenthebranches,andonedayhecametotakethetrunk.Butthetreewashappybecauseithadspentitslifemakingtheboyhappy!Thistaleisheartachingbutittellsusimportantvaluesoflife.1.Inthestory“OhthePlacesYou’llGo”,thecharacter________.A.hadarealnamegiveninthestoryB.wasbravetofacelife’supsanddownsC.gaveupeasilywhenfacingchallengesD.wasnotinterestedinexploringnewplaces2.Thetale“TheGivingTree”showsthevalueof________.A.selflessness B.wisdom C.friendship D.bravery3.Thepassagemainlyintroducesacollectionof________.A.scientificworks B.famousquotes C.inspiringstories D.historicalevents【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三個啟迪人心的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章OhthePlacesYou’llGo部分“Inthisstory,thecharactersailedthroughmanyadventures,conqueringalltheamazinghighsandterriblelows.Throughallthechallenges,itnevergaveup,butkeptmovingforwardtosatisfyitsthirstforexploring.Itfacedallthetwistsandturnsoflifewithexcitement.(在這個故事中，主人公經(jīng)歷了許多冒險，征服了所有的高峰和低谷。面對所有的挑戰(zhàn)，它從未放棄，而是繼續(xù)前進(jìn)以滿足其探索的渴望)”可知，主人公勇敢面對生活的起起落落。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章TheGivingTree部分“First,hetooktheleaves,thenthebranches,andonedayhecametotakethetrunk.Butthetreewashappybecauseithadspentitslifemakingtheboyhappy!(他先是拿走了樹葉，然后是樹枝，有一天他來拿樹干。但這棵樹很高興，因為它一生都在讓男孩開心！)”可知，這個故事展示了無私的價值。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Herearesomecharmingtalesyoucanreadwithyourlovedonestofindyourinnerdelight.Areyoureadytobeinspired?(這里有一些迷人的故事，你可以與你所愛之人一起閱讀，去探尋內(nèi)心的喜悅。你準(zhǔn)備好接受啟發(fā)了嗎？)”可知，文章主要介紹了三個富有啟發(fā)性的故事，每個故事都蘊含著深刻的人生哲理。故選C。BWhenherstudentsaskwhatshewaslikeattheirage,TiffanyMarconiopensupaboutherhighschoolexperience.Herfamilywereoftenonthemove,andshesaysthatmovingsooftenmadeherfeellost.“Iwasjustkindofallovertheplace.MyteachersinhighschoolreallyhelpedmediscoverwhoIwasandfeelfortablewithmyself,”Marconisays.Amonghercoworkers,Marconiisadmiredforherrapport(融洽)withstudents.She’sagogetterwhobelieves“yougetoutwhatyouputin.”Sosheistheobviouschoicetoteachanewcourseforjuniorsandseniors,schoolleaderssay.MarconiisresponsibleforbuildingaprograminWheatonWarrenvilleUnitDistrict200.Throughher“IntrotoTeaching”classes,Marconiisdrawinghighschoolstudentstotheprofession(職業(yè))atatimewhenanationalteachershortagemakesheadlines.Oneofthegoalsoftheprogramistogiveteensrealworldexperiencesandopportunitiestoexplorecareerswhilethey’reinhighschool.Thecurriculum(課程)issetthroughtheCollegeofDuPage,butMarconicreatesastudentcenteredclassroom.Attheendoftheterm,studentsdesigntheirownclassroomonanindividuallevelandinsmallgroupsasateambasedchallenge.Marconidoesn’tavoidtalkingabouttherealities—allthepositivesandsomeofthestrugglesofbeingateacher.“Yes,Iwouldloveallofthemtoebackandteach.”Marconisays.“ButIjusthopehonestlythatithelpsthemfigureoutiftheywanttobeateacher,andifnot,that’sOK.TheonethingIalwaystellmystudents:Youneedtofindajob,somethingthatyouloveandthatyouareexcitedtodowhenwakingupeveryday.”4.WhatwasTiffanyMarconi’sexperienceinhighschool?A.Shewasverysettledanddidn’texperienceanychallenges.B.Shefeltlostbecauseherfamilymovedfrequently.C.Shewasatopstudentandhadaclearfutureplan.D.Shewasateacherwhohelpedotherstudents.5.Whatisthepurposeofthe“IntrotoTeaching”classes?A.Toteachstudentshowtobuildprograms.B.Tohelpstudentsavoidthenationalteachershortage.C.Toprovidestudentswithatraditionalhighschoolexperience.DTopreparestudentsforacareerinteachingduringhighschool.6.HowdoesMarconisetthecurriculumforherclasses?A.ShefollowsthecurriculumsetbytheCollegeofDuPagestrictly.B.Shefocusesonindividuallearningratherthangroupwork.C.Shedesignsherowncurriculumwithoutanyguidance.D.Shecreatesastudentcenteredclassroom.7.WhatisoneofMarconi’smainmessagestoherstudentsabouttheirfuturecareers?A.Theymustbeeteachers.B.Theyshouldavoidteachingduetoitsstruggles.C.Theyshouldfindajobthattheyareexcitedtodo.D.Theyshouldonlyconsiderteachingiftheyloveit.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了TiffanyMarconi建立“教學(xué)入門”課程來吸引高中生從事這一職業(yè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herfamilywereoftenonthemove,andshesaysthatmovingsooftenmadeherfeellost.(她的家人經(jīng)常四處搬家，她說這種頻繁的搬家讓她感到無所適從)”可知，蒂芙尼·馬科尼在高中時感到很迷茫，因為她的家庭經(jīng)常搬家。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Throughher“IntrotoTeaching”classes,Marconiisdrawinghighschoolstudentstotheprofession(職業(yè))atatimewhenanationalteachershortagemakesheadlines.(通過她的“教學(xué)入門”課程，馬科尼正在吸引眾多高中生投身教師行業(yè)。而此時，全國范圍內(nèi)教師短缺的問題已成為眾人矚目的焦點)”以及第四段“Oneofthegoalsoftheprogramistogiveteensrealworldexperiencesandopportunitiestoexplorecareerswhilethey’reinhighschool.(該計劃的目標(biāo)之一是讓青少年在高中階段就能獲得真實的生活體驗，并有機會探索自己的職業(yè)方向)”可知，“教學(xué)入門”課程的目的是為學(xué)生在高中階段從事教學(xué)工作做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thecurriculum(課程)issetthroughtheCollegeofDuPage,butMarconicreatesastudentcenteredclassroom.(課程是由杜佩奇學(xué)院制定的，但馬科尼則打造了一個以學(xué)生為中心的課堂環(huán)境)”可知，馬科尼營造了一個以學(xué)生為中心的課堂環(huán)境。故選D。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButIjusthopehonestlythatithelpsthemfigureoutiftheywanttobeateacher,andifnot,that’sOK.TheonethingIalwaystellmystudents:Youneedtofindajob,somethingthatyouloveandthatyouareexcitedtodowhenwakingupeveryday.(但我真心希望這能幫助他們弄清楚自己是否想成為一名教師，如果不想的話，那也沒關(guān)系。我總是告訴我的學(xué)生們：你們需要找到一份工作，一份你們熱愛并且每天醒來時都能滿懷熱情去從事的工作)”可知，馬可尼向她的學(xué)生們傳達(dá)了關(guān)于他們未來職業(yè)的一條重要信息是他們應(yīng)該找一份自己能充滿熱情去從事的工作。故選C。CTravelislikeaboxofchocolates:youneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoget,especiallywhenusingamysteryboxplaneticket.Earlierthisyear,mysteryboxtravelbecametrendyamongChina’syoungpeople.Innormaltrips,peopleoftenplantheirvacationswellinadvance.Afterbuyingamysteryboxatanattractivelylowprice—usually100or200yuan—thetravelersusingthismethodwillselecttheirdepartureairportandthenreceiveseveraldestinationstochoosefrom.Afterthedestinationisdecided,theirtripbegins.LiaoLiangyu,16,hasturnedhiseagernesstogoonamysteryboxtripintoreality.Hetookamysteryboxtripwithacoupleoffriendsmonthsago.ItstartedwhenoneofthemgotamysteryboxtickettoChangsha,thecapitalcityofHunanprovince.Surprisingly,LiaohappenedtogetChangshatoo.Rightbeforetheirdeparture,afriendtoldLiaothatChangshawasasuperhypedup(被炒作的)Internetfamoussite.Buthestilldecidedtogoandseeitforhimself.“MybiggestdiscoveryisthatChangshaisacityfullofcontrasts,”LiaoexplainedtoChinaDaily,“Youcanseetallbuildingsandlowhousesinthesameview.”Sincethedestinationoptionsincludemanylesspopularcitiestravelmysteryboxesalsobringeconomicbenefitstothem.Forexample,DehongcityisabeautifulcityinYunnanprovinceyethasfewvisitorsduetoalackofpromotion.Afteritwasincludedasamysteryboxtraveldestination,however,Dehongcityhasgainedalotofattentionandisnowthoughtofasapopulardestinationfortourism.Butevenso,alargenumberofpeoplefeeldisappointedwithtravelmysteryboxesbecausetheycanfacemanyproblemsafterbuyingone,suchasimpropertraveltimes,suddenflightcancellations,orevenchallengeswithrefunds(退款).SunWeilifromCtripsuggestedinaninterviewwithHaibaoNewsthatvisitorsshouldselectreliableplatformsandsigncontracts(合同)toensuretheirinterests.8.Whatisthemainattractionofamysteryboxplaneticket?A.Itofferstravelersalowpriceforplanetickets.B.Itprovidestravelerswithseveraldestinationchoices.C.Itallowstravelerstochoosetheirowndeparturetime.D.Itrequirestravelerstoplantheirvacationsinadvance.9.WhydidLiaoLiangyudecidetotakeamysteryboxtriptoChangsha?A.Becauseitwasasuperhypedupsite.B.Becausehewantedtoexperienceacityfullofcontrasts.C.Becauseoneofhisfriendshadalreadyboughtaticketthere.D.Becausehewantedtoseeitinpersonregardlessofothers’opinion.10.WhatdoesSunWeilisuggesttoreducetherisksassociatedwithmysteryboxtravel?A.Tochoosedependableplatformsandsigncontractstoensureinterests.B.Toavoidmysteryboxtravelandplanvacationsinadvance.C.Toonlychoosedestinationsthatarewellknown.D.Torelyonwordofmouthremendations.11.Whattopicissuitableforthepassage?A.Personaltravelexperience B.TrendofmysteryboxtravelC.Problemswithmysterytravel D.Benefitsforlessknowncities【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在年輕人中流行的盲盒旅行。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Innormaltrips,peopleoftenplantheirvacationswellinadvance.Afterbuyingamysteryboxatanattractivelylowprice—usually100or200yuan—thetravelersusingthismethodwillselecttheirdepartureairportandthenreceiveseveraldestinationstochoosefrom.(使用這種方法的旅行者在以低價——通常為100元或200元——購買一個盲盒后，將選擇他們的出發(fā)機場，然后收到幾個可供選擇的目的地)”可知，機票盲盒的主要吸引力在于它為旅行者提供低價機票。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Rightbeforetheirdeparture,afriendtoldLiaothatChangshawasasuperhypedup(被炒作的)Internetfamoussite.Buthestilldecidedtogoandseeitforhimself.(就在他們出發(fā)前，有位朋友告訴廖，長沙是個被過度炒作的網(wǎng)紅打卡地。但他仍決定親自去一探究竟。)”可知，廖決定去長沙來一次盲盒旅行，是因為無論別人怎么看，他都想親自去看看。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“SunWeilifromCtripsuggestedinaninterviewwithHaibaoNewsthatvisitorsshouldselectreliableplatformsandsigncontracts(合同)toensuretheirinterests.(攜程網(wǎng)的孫偉力在接受海報新聞采訪時建議，游客應(yīng)選擇正規(guī)平臺并簽訂合同以保障自身權(quán)益。)”可知，孫偉力建議游客選擇正規(guī)可靠的平臺，并簽訂合同以確保自身權(quán)益。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Earlierthisyear,mysteryboxtravelbecametrendyamongChina’syoungpeople.(今年早些時候，盲盒旅行在中國年輕人中流行起來。)”和全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了盲盒旅行流行趨勢，包括其流行原因、個人體驗、對冷門城市帶來的好處和潛在的問題。故選B。DIfyoudon’tuseit,youloseit.Atleast,that’showtheoldsayinggoes.Itreferstotheideathatsomethingthatdoesnotgetusedregularlyquicklyfallsintoastateofdecline.Forexample,ahobbythatyouhaven’tdoneforafewyears,likeplayingthepiano.Thenexttimeyoupickitup,maybeyou’veforgottenaltogether!Inordertopreventthis,peopletakeregularexercisetokeeptheirskillssharp.Well,whataboutthebrain?Asweage,ourbrainscannaturallybegintodecline(衰退).Insomecases,thiscanleadtocertainmentalconditionssuchasdementia(癡呆).However,allisnotlostbecausethesedaysit’srelativelyeasytotrainyourbrain.Smartphonesandappshaveputprogrammesthatcantest,keepandevenimproveourmemoriesandanumberofothermentalabilities.Withalittlepracticeeveryday,wecankeepourbrainssharp,right?Well,no,actually.AccordingtoareportfromtheGlobalCouncilonBrainHealth,eventhoughmanypeoplethinkitisbeneficialtoplaysomeonlinegamesthataredesignedtoimprovebrainhealth,theevidenceofthebenefitsis“weaktononexistent”.Playinga“braingame”mayleadtoimprovementsingameperformance,butthishasyettoshowaconvincingresultinpeople’sdailycognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilities.Don’tloseheart,though.Thereareotherwaystodevelopthebrain.Itremendstryingnewactivitiesthatchallengethewayyouthinkandaresociallyengaging,whileleadingtoahealthylifestyle.Amongtheirsuggestionsarepractisingtaichi,takingphotographyclasses,learningnewtechnologies,gardening,artprojectsorvolunteering.There’smoregoodnews,too.JamesGoodwin,chiefscientistatAgeUK,hassaidthatbraindeclineisnotunavoidable.Aslongastheactivitiesare“newtoyouandrequireyourconcentratedattention”,theycanprovidebenefitsforbrainhealth.So,hurryup,getoutthereandtrysomethingnew.Maybeit’stimetotrythathobbyyou’vealwayswantedtodo.12.Whyisplayingthepianomentionedinparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofbraindecline. B.Toexplainhowtokeepphysicallyhealthy.C.Toshowtheimportanceofregularexercise. D.Toillustratethemeaningofanoldsaying.13.Whatcanweinferabouttheeffectivenessofplayingonlinebraingamesfromparagraph3?A.Thebenefitsarenotobviousintermsofdailycognitiveabilities.B.Bothgameperformanceandcognitivefunctionsaregreatlyimproved.C.Strongandcontinuousbenefitshavebeenproved.D.Theevidenceofthebenefitsisweaktononexistent.14.AccordingtoJamesGoodwin,whichofthefollowingdoesNOThelppreventbraindecline?A.Takingpartinanewcookingclassthatteachestechniquesunknownbefore.B.Playingafamiliargamethatdoesnotdemandmuchthought.C.Participatinginaphotographycoursethatchallengesone’screativeskills.D.Learninganewmusicalinstrumentthatrequiresconcentration.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Regularexerciseandhealthylifestylearekeytokeepingthebrainhealthy.B.Braindeclineisnaturalandunavoidableaspeopleage.C.Onlinebraingamescanimprovepeople’scognitiveabilities.D.Engaginginnewandchallengingactivitiescanbenefitbrainhealth.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了如何通過參與新的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動來保持大腦健康。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyoudon’tuseit,youloseit.Atleast,that’showtheoldsayinggoes.Itreferstotheideathatsomethingthatdoesnotgetusedregularlyquicklyfallsintoastateofdecline.Forexample,ahobbythatyouhaven’tdoneforafewyears,likeplayingthepiano.Thenexttimeyoupickitup,maybeyou’veforgottenaltogether!Inordertopreventthis,peopletakeregularexercisetokeeptheirskillssharp.(如果你不使用它，你就會失去它。至少，老話是這么說的。它指的是不經(jīng)常使用的東西很快就會陷入衰退狀態(tài)。例如，你有幾年沒有做過的愛好，比如彈鋼琴。下次你拿起它的時候，也許你已經(jīng)完全忘記了！為了防止這種情況，人們經(jīng)常鍛煉以保持他們的技能鋒利。)”可知，第一段中提到了長時間不彈鋼琴，再次彈奏時可能會完全忘記，是為了說明前面提到的那句老話“Ifyoudon’tuseit,youloseit.”的意思，即如果不經(jīng)常使用某樣?xùn)|西，它就會迅速陷入衰退狀態(tài)。因此，提到彈鋼琴的目的是闡釋這句老話的含義。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Playinga“braingame”mayleadtoimprovementsingameperformance,butthishasyettoshowaconvincingresultinpeople’sdailycognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilities.(玩“腦力游戲”可能會提高游戲表現(xiàn)，但這在人們的日常認(rèn)知能力方面尚未顯示出令人信服的結(jié)果。)”可知，玩在線健腦游戲可能會提高游戲表現(xiàn)，但在人們?nèi)粘ＵJ(rèn)知能力方面的效果并不令人信服，即好處在日常認(rèn)知能力方面不明顯。故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“JamesGoodwin,chiefscientistatAgeUK,hassaidthatbraindeclineisnotunavoidable.Aslongastheactivitiesare“newtoyouandrequireyourconcentratedattention”,theycanprovidebenefitsforbrainhealth.(AgeUK的首席科學(xué)家詹姆斯·古德溫(JamesGoodwin)表示，大腦衰退并非不可避免。只要這些活動“對你來說是新鮮的，需要你集中注意力”，它們就能對大腦健康有益。)”可知，對大腦健康有益的活動是對你來說新的且需要集中注意力的。B選項“玩一個不需要太多思考的熟悉游戲”，既不新也不需要集中注意力，不能幫助預(yù)防大腦衰退。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“Aslongastheactivitiesare“newtoyouandrequireyourconcentratedattention”,theycanprovidebenefitsforbrainhealth.So,hurryup,getoutthereandtrysomethingnew.Maybeit’stimetotrythathobbyyou’vealwayswantedtodo.(只要這些活動“對你來說是新鮮的，需要你集中注意力”，它們就能對大腦健康有益。所以，快點，走出去，嘗試一些新的東西。也許是時候嘗試一下你一直想做的愛好了。)”可知，文章主要討論了如何通過參與新的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動來保持大腦健康，指出盡管一些人認(rèn)為在線益智游戲可以改善大腦健康，但證據(jù)不足。此外，文章推薦尋求新的活動，挑戰(zhàn)思維方式，參與社交，同時養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式，這些都可以為大腦健康帶來好處。因此，文章的主旨大意是“參與新的具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動有益于大腦健康”。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everwokenupfromanapfeelinglostormoretired,asifyou’veforgottenwhichplanetyou’reon?____16____.Itisasignthatyoumightgobeyondyournappingmark.Itcanslowyoudownintheshorttermandpotentiallyaffectyournighttimesleepinthelongrun.Toavoidthisandwakeuprefreshed,followtheseprinciplesfortakingtheperfectnap.TakeregularnapsYoudon’twantacasualnappingschedulewhereyousleep“sometimesearly,sometimeslate,sometimesshort.”Sopickatime,likeafterlunchorinbetweenyourafternoonmeetingsandsticktoit.____17____.Ifyou’renappinginyourcaronyourlunchbreakforexample,considerbringingapillow,aneyemaskorearplugstohelpboostyournapexperience.____18____p.m.themomentyouwakeupinthemorning,sleeppressurebuildsinyourbodytopushyoutofallasleepagainattheendoftheday.Nappingrelievessomeofthatpressure,soit’simportantthatyounapearlyenoughinthedayforittobuildbackupbybedtime.Ifyoufollowaconventionalnighttimesleepschedule,takeanapbetweennoonand3p.m.____19____.Keepyournapbrief____20____.Itmightbepainfulifyou’reafanofalong,leisurelyafternoonsnooze.However,thetruthisthatlongernapscanleadtosleepinertia(睡眠慣性)moreeasilybecauseyoumightenterdeepersleep,makingithardertowakeup.Ifyoufindyourselffallingasleepquicklyanddippingintodeepsleepwithonly30minutesofnapping,that’sasignyou’renotgettingenoughsleepatnight.Ifthisisthecase,takestepstoraisethequalityofyournighttimesleep.A.NapearlyinthedayB.FollowanapscheduleearlyC.Agood,shortnapcanoffermentalhealthbenefitsD.Thatsleepy,almostdrunkfeelingiscalledsleepinertiaE.Expertssuggestkeepingyournapsfrom10minutestoanhourtopsF.UsethesamesleepenvironmenteachtimeandcreateacosynapspaceG.Forpeoplewhoworknights,takeanapatleast6hoursbeforeyousleep【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何通過遵循一定的原則來避免午睡后的疲憊感，從而達(dá)到理想的午睡效果?！?6題詳解】上文“Everwokenupfromanapfeelinglostormoretired,asifyou’veforgottenwhichplanetyou’reon?(有沒有過午睡醒來后感到迷?；蛘吒郏孟裢俗约涸谀膫€星球上？)”及下文“Itisasignthatyoumightgobeyondyournappingmark.(這是一個信號，表明你可能已經(jīng)超過了你的午睡時間)”描述了午睡醒來后的不適感受，空處需要對這種感覺進(jìn)行解釋說明，應(yīng)該為概念sleepinertia(睡眠慣性)的引出，即解釋說明了上文的現(xiàn)象，也回應(yīng)了下文的Itisasign.。D選項“那種昏昏欲睡，幾乎像喝醉了一樣的感覺被稱為睡眠慣性”直接解釋了這種感覺的專業(yè)術(shù)語，符合上下文的邏輯。故選D?！?7題詳解】上文“Sopickatime,likeafterlunchorinbetweenyourafternoonmeetingsandsticktoit.(所以選擇一個時間，比如午飯后或下午會議之間，并堅持下去)”說明了建議選擇一個固定的午睡時間，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說明如何保證午睡的質(zhì)量。F選項“每次使用相同的睡眠環(huán)境，創(chuàng)造一個舒適的午睡空間”提供了具體的做法，并引出下文對睡眠環(huán)境和助眠物品的舉例“Ifyou’renappinginyourcaronyourlunchbreakforexample,considerbringingapillow,aneyemaskorearplugstohelpboostyournapexperience.(例如，如果你在午餐時間選擇在車?yán)镄№梢钥紤]帶一個枕頭、眼罩或耳塞來提升你的小睡體驗)”，符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】下文“Fromthemomentyouwakeupinthemorning,sleeppressurebuildsinyourbodytopushyoutofallasleepagainattheendoftheday.Nappingrelievessomeofthatpressure,soit’simportantthatyounapearlyenoughinthedayforittobuildbackupbybedtime.(從你早上醒來的那一刻起，你的身體就會產(chǎn)生睡眠壓力，迫使你在一天結(jié)束時再次入睡。小睡可以緩解一些壓力，所以重要的是你要在一天中早點小睡，以便在睡前恢復(fù))”說明白天早點午睡的重要性，空處應(yīng)概括本段的主題，即白天早點午睡。A選項“白天早點午睡”直接點明主題，符合語境。故選A。【19題詳解】上文“p.m.oufollowaconventionalnighttimesleepschedule,takeanapbetweennoonand3p.m.(如果你遵循傳統(tǒng)的夜間睡眠規(guī)律，那么在中午到下午3點之間午睡)”說明了一個午睡的時間范圍，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說明其他情況，針對不同人群的睡眠習(xí)慣進(jìn)行舉例。G選項“對于上夜班的人來說，在睡覺至少六小時前進(jìn)行午睡?！毖a充了另一種情況，即上夜班的人的午睡時間，符合語境。故選G。【20題詳解】下文“Itmightbepainfulifyou’reafanofalong,leisurelyafternoonsnooze.However,thetruthisthatlongernapscanleadtosleepinertia(睡眠慣性)moreeasilybecauseyoumightenterdeepersleep,makingithardertowakeup.(如果你喜歡長時間的、悠閑的午后小憩，那可能會很痛苦。然而，事實是，午睡時間過長更容易導(dǎo)致睡眠慣性，因為你可能會進(jìn)入深度睡眠，更難醒來)”說明午睡時間過長的不利影響，空處應(yīng)概括本段的主題，即午睡時間不宜過長。E選項“專家建議將午睡時間控制在10分鐘到最多一小時”點明主題，符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Despitebeing80yearsold,DeviChoudhurystartedthetaskofraisingoneofthemostpopularandendangeredbutterflies,—theMonarch.Lastyear,thegrandmother____21____toraise27butterflies,andthisyearthe___22___hasincreasedto61.Whilesomemayarguethatnatureshouldbeallowedtosustainitself,therapid___23___inthebutterflypopulationneedssomeextrahelp.___24___,thatloveanddevotionisexactlywhatthe80yearoldcan___25___toherlittlewingedfriends.Theentireprocessisalittle___26___andbeginswiththecollectionofeggsfromthemilkweedleavesthatgrowinherbackyard.Fourdaysafterplacingtheeggsinjarsonherlivingroomtable,caterpillars(毛毛蟲)appeared,andthen,withinafewweeks,theyturnedintochrysalises(蛹).Twoweekslater,beautifulbutterflies___27___.Choudhurythensetthebutterfliesfreeintothewild,butafewwere___28___toleavetheirlovinghomeandflewaroundthehousealongsidetheelderlywoman.When___29___herfirsttryatraisingbutterflies,DeviChoudhuryexpressedherhopethatitwould____30____hergrandchildren’sinterestinthesebeautifulinsects.____31____,itisshethathasfoundthepleasureinraisingbutterfliesintheend.Normally,DeviChoudhuryprefersnottotalkaboutherself,butthistimeshedoessoinorderto____32____otherstolookafterthisendangeredspecies.Happily,somefamilymembershavejoinedherinthisnewfound____33____andhopefullywewillseea(n)____34____inthosedecliningnumbers.Thisnewhobby,startedsolateinlife,servesasagoodexampleofpeople____35____thesmallerthingsinlife.21.A.determined B.managed C.tended D.expected22.A.number B.size C.type D.variety23.A.decrease B.increase C.movement D.collection24.A.Regretfully B.Hopefully C.Thankfully D.Unfortunately25.A.provide B.offer C.seek D.charge26.A.moneysaving B.labourdemanding C.energyefficient D.timeconsuming27.A.gaveup B.turnedup C.wokeup D.grewup28.A.delighted B.impatient C.hesitant D.nervous29.A.evaluating B.analyzing C.observing D.recalling30.A.revise B.keep C.develop D.express31.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.However32.A.force B.inspire C.persuade D.allow33.A.passion B.business C.dream D.world34.A.opportunity B.impression C.inspiration D.change35.A.reflectingon B.settlingfor C.staringat D.caringfor【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了80歲的老太太DeviChoudhury努力拯救瀕危的帝王蝶的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，這位奶奶成功養(yǎng)了27只蝴蝶，今年已經(jīng)增加到61只。A.determined決定；B.managed設(shè)法做到；C.tended傾向于；D.expected期待。根據(jù)上文“raise27butterflies(養(yǎng)27只蝴蝶)”和下文“increasedto61(增加到61)”可知，此處指“設(shè)法成功”養(yǎng)了27只蝴蝶。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.number數(shù)字、數(shù)量；B.size尺寸；C.type類型；D.variety多樣化。根據(jù)上文的數(shù)字27和下文61可知，此處是指蝴蝶“數(shù)量”增加到61只。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有些人可能會爭辯說，應(yīng)該讓大自然自我維持，但蝴蝶數(shù)量的迅速減少需要一些額外的幫助。A.decrease減少；B.increase增加；C.movement移動；D.collection收藏品。根據(jù)文章第一段“Despitebeing80yearsold,DeviChoudhurystartedthetaskofraisingoneofthemostpopularandendangeredbutterflies,theMonarch.(盡管已經(jīng)80歲了，DeviChoudhury還是開始了飼養(yǎng)一種最受歡迎也是最瀕危的蝴蝶——帝王蝶的任務(wù)。)”可知，這種蝴蝶的數(shù)量正在迅速“減少”。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，這種愛和奉獻(xiàn)正是這位80歲的老人能為她的小翅膀朋友們提供的。A.Regretfully懊悔地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Thankfully值得慶幸；D.Unfortunat