初中英語同義句轉(zhuǎn)換專項練習百題同義句轉(zhuǎn)換是初中英語學習中提升語言運用能力的核心題型，它不僅考查詞匯、語法的靈活轉(zhuǎn)換，更要求學生理解語義的本質(zhì)聯(lián)系。在中考中，同義句轉(zhuǎn)換常以“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”“完成句子”“單項選擇”等形式出現(xiàn)，掌握其規(guī)律對提升閱讀、寫作的語言多樣性也大有裨益。以下從核心類型、專項練習、解題思路三方面展開，幫助學生系統(tǒng)突破。一、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的核心類型與解題邏輯（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類：“換個詞性，句意不變”原理：通過詞形變化（派生、轉(zhuǎn)化）調(diào)整詞性，如動詞→名詞（*invent*→*invention*）、形容詞→副詞（*quick*→*quickly*）、名詞→形容詞（*use*→*useful*）等，需適配語法結(jié)構(gòu)。示例：原句：*Hisinventionhelpedmanypeople.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*He______(invent)somethingthathelpedmanypeople.*解析：原句核心詞是名詞“*invention*”，轉(zhuǎn)換后需用動詞形式，結(jié)合過去時態(tài)，填“*invented*”。解題思路：1.識別原句核心詞的詞性（如動詞、名詞、形容詞）；2.判斷目標句需要的詞性（通過句子結(jié)構(gòu)、空格數(shù)量推斷）；3.結(jié)合語法（時態(tài)、主謂一致、詞綴變化）調(diào)整詞形。（二）短語/詞匯替換類：“同義短語，靈活替換”常見替換場景：動詞短語：*takecareof*=*lookafter*=*carefor*；*putoff*=*delay*；*giveup*=*abandon*介詞短語：*inchargeof*=*responsiblefor*；*inorderto*=*soasto*連詞：*because*=*since*=*as*；*if*=*onconditionthat*示例：原句：*Weshouldlookaftertheoldwell.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Weshould____________theoldwell.*解析：“*lookafter*”的同義短語為“*carefor*”或“*takecareof*”，結(jié)合空格填“*carefor*”（或“*takecareof*”）。解題思路：1.積累高頻同義短語（按“動詞短語/介詞短語/連詞”分類記憶）；2.分析原句語境（正式/口語、及物/不及物），選擇適配的替換詞；3.注意短語的語法搭配（如“*lookforwardto*”后接動名詞）。（三）句型結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換類：“調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，語義相通”典型結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：1.*It’s+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.*?*Doingsth.is+adj.(for/ofsb.)*示例：原句*It’simportantforustolearnEnglish.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*______English______importantforus.*解析：將“*tolearnEnglish*”轉(zhuǎn)換為動名詞短語“*LearningEnglish*”作主語，填“*Learning；is*”。2.*so…that…（否定句）*?*too…to…/not…enoughto…*示例：原句*Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Heis______young______gotoschool.*解析：“*so…that…否定句*”轉(zhuǎn)換為“*too…to…*”，填“*too；to*”。3.*賓語從句*?*疑問詞+不定式*示例：原句*Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Idon’tknow__________________next.*解析：賓語從句“*whatIshoulddo*”轉(zhuǎn)換為“*whattodo*”，填“*whattodo*”。解題思路：1.識別原句標志性結(jié)構(gòu)（如*It’s…to…*、*so…that…*）；2.對應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換為目標結(jié)構(gòu)（如動名詞作主語、*too…to…*、疑問詞+不定式）；3.注意邏輯主語、否定轉(zhuǎn)移、介詞搭配等細節(jié)（如*It’skindofsb.todo*中“*of*”不可換為“*for*”）。（四）時態(tài)/語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換類：“換個角度，表達不變”1.主動語態(tài)→被動語態(tài)：調(diào)整主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，注意時態(tài)一致（如一般現(xiàn)在時被動：*am/is/are+過去分詞*）。示例：原句*Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Rice____________inthesouth(bypeople).*解析：主動句變被動，“*rice*”作主語，一般現(xiàn)在時被動結(jié)構(gòu)為“*isgrown*”，填“*isgrown*”。2.時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換：語義不變時調(diào)整時態(tài)（如現(xiàn)在完成時與“一般過去時+since”結(jié)構(gòu)）。示例：原句*Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*I______herefiveyears______.*解析：“*forfiveyears*”（現(xiàn)在完成時）轉(zhuǎn)換為“*fiveyearsago*”（一般過去時），填“*lived；ago*”。解題思路：語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換：確定施動者（可省略），調(diào)整謂語結(jié)構(gòu)（*be+過去分詞*）；時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換：理解時間表達的等價性（如“*for+時間段*”與“*時間段+ago*”+過去時）。（五）復合句與簡單句轉(zhuǎn)換類：“化繁為簡，邏輯一致”1.定語從句→分詞短語/介詞短語：示例：原句*Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Thegirl______areddressismysister.*解析：定語從句“*whoiswearing*”轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞“*wearing*”作后置定語，填“*wearing*”。2.原因狀語從句→介詞短語：示例：原句*Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.*轉(zhuǎn)換：*Hewaslate____________thebus.*解析：原因狀語從句“*becausehemissed*”轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語“*becauseofmissing*”，填“*becauseofmissing*”。解題思路：定語從句：分析先行詞與從句的邏輯關(guān)系（主動用現(xiàn)在分詞，被動用過去分詞）；狀語從句：將從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語短語、介詞短語或并列句，保持邏輯關(guān)系一致。二、專項練習題（共100題，按類型分類）（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類（20題）1.The______(decide)hemadewasveryimportant.→He______(decide)somethingveryimportant.2.Sheisa______(create)artist.→She______(create)manybeautifulpaintings.3.The______(long)oftheriveris500kilometers.→Theriver______(long)500kilometers.4.His______(behave)madeusangry.→He______(behave)badlyandmadeusangry.5.The______(discover)ofthenewstarexcitedscientists.→Scientists______(discover)anewstar.6.Shespokewithgreat______(confident).→Shespoke______(confident).7.The______(develop)ofAIischangingourlife.→AIis______(develop)rapidly.8.His______(ill)madehimstayinbed.→Hewas______(ill)andstayedinbed.9.The______(please)tripmadeushappy.→We______(please)withthetrip.10.The______(possible)ofsuccessishigh.→It’s______(possible)tosucceed.11.Heisa______(power)leader.→He______(power)theteamtowin.12.The______(protect)ofenvironmentisimportant.→Weshould______(protect)theenvironment.13.His______(serve)isexcellent.→He______(serve)customerswell.14.The______(suggest)hegavewasuseful.→He______(suggest)agoodidea.15.The______(true)ishardtoaccept.→Thestoryis______(true).16.The______(weigh)oftheboxis10kg.→Thebox______(weigh)10kg.17.Sheisa______(wait)attherestaurant.→She______(wait)oncustomers.18.The______(warm)ofthesunfeelsgood.→Thesun______(warm)theearth.19.His______(wise)helpedhimsolvetheproblem.→Hesolvedtheproblem______(wise).20.The______(wood)tableisbeautiful.→Thetableismadeof______(wood).（二）短語/詞匯替換類（20題）1.Wemust____________(dealwith)thisproblematonce.→Wemust______(solve)thisproblematonce.2.He____________(arrivedat)thestationontime.→He______(reached)thestationontime.3.She____________(isgoodat)playingthepiano.→She______(doeswellin)playingthepiano.4.They____________(putoff)themeetinguntilnextweek.→They______(delayed)themeetinguntilnextweek.5.I____________(amfondof)readingnovels.→I______(like)readingnovels.6.He____________(takescareof)hislittlesister.→He______(looksafter)hislittlesister.7.We____________(inorderto)win,wepracticehard.→Wepracticehard____________(soasto)win.8.She____________(isinterestedin)science.→She______(showsinterestin)science.9.He____________(gaveup)smokinglastyear.→He______(abandoned)smokinglastyear.10.Themeeting____________(tookplace)yesterday.→Themeeting______(happened)yesterday.11.I____________(agreewith)hisopinion.→I______(support)hisopinion.12.She____________(isresponsiblefor)theproject.→She______(takeschargeof)theproject.13.He____________(isableto)speakthreelanguages.→He______(can)speakthreelanguages.14.We____________(areshortof)money.→We______(lack)money.15.Thebook____________(belongsto)me.→I______(own)thebook.16.He____________(isdifferentfrom)hisbrother.→He______(differsfrom)hisbrother.17.She____________(isafraidof)dogs.→She______(fears)dogs.18.We____________(getalongwith)eachotherwell.→We______(getonwith)eachotherwell.19.He____________(istiredof)thisjob.→He______(isboredwith)thisjob.20.Therain____________(prevented…from)usgoingout.→Therain______(stopped)usfromgoingout.（三）句型結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換類（20題）1.It’snecessaryforstudents____________(study)hard.→______hard______necessaryforstudents.2.Sheissotiredthatshecan’twalk.→Sheis______tired______walk.3.Idon’tknowhowIcansolvethisproblem.→Idon’tknow__________________thisproblem.4.Heisastallashisfather.→Hisfatheris__________________heis.5.Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.→Theboxis______heavy______Ican’tcarryit.6.It’skindofyoutohelpme.→____________tohelpme.7.Hespenttwohoursdoinghishomework.→It______himtwohours____________hishomework.8.SheprefersreadingtowatchingTV.→She____________read______watchTV.9.Thegirlisveryclever.Wealllikeher.→Thegirl__________________wealllikeher.10.Ithinkheisnotright.→I____________heisright.11.Themovieissointerestingthatweallwanttoseeit.→It’s____________moviethatweallwanttoseeit.12.Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.→Heistallerthan____________boyinhisclass.13.Shedidn’tgotobeduntilhermothercameback.→She______tobed______hermothercameback.14.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulplace.→____________abeautifulplace______Ihaveseen.15.Theteachertoldustostopandhavearest.→Theteachertoldustostop____________arest.16.Itseemsthatheishappy.→Heseems____________happy.17.Thebookisworthreading.→Thebookis____________reading.18.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.→Heis______old______hecangotoschool.19.IwonderwhereIshouldgo.→Iwonder__________________.20.Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryouwillbe.→______practiceyoudo,______youwillbe.（四）時態(tài)/語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換類（10題）1.Theywillbuildanewschoolhere.→Anewschool__________________here(bythem).2.Iboughtthisbooktwoyearsago.→I____________thisbookfortwoyears.3.Theworkersarebuildingabridge.→Abridge__________________bytheworkers.4.Hehasfinishedhishomework.→Hishomework__________________byhim.5.Shewilltaketheexamtomorrow.→Theexam__________________byhertomorrow.6.Imethiminthestreetyesterday.→He____________bymeinthestreetyesterday.7.Wehaveplantedmanytrees.→Manytrees__________________byus.8.Hewrotealetterlastnight.→Aletter____________byhimlastnight.9.Thedogbittheboy.→Theboy____________bythedog.10.Theywillinvitehimtotheparty.→He__________________totheparty(bythem).（五）復合句與簡單句轉(zhuǎn)換類（20題）1.Theboywho______(sit)bythewindowismycousin.→Theboy______bythewindowismycousin.2.Becauseitrainedheavily,westayedathome.→Westayedathome____________theheavyrain.3.Thehousewhich______(build)lastyearisourlibrary.→Thehouse______lastyearisourlibrary.4.Sinceheisill,hecan’tgotoschool.→____________hisillness,hecan’tgotoschool.5.Thegirlwho______(wear)areddressismysister.→Thegirl______areddressismysister.6.Asheisateacher,heknowshowtoteach.→____________ateacher,heknowshowtoteach.7.Thebookthat______(write)byLuXunisveryfamous.→Thebook______byLuXunisveryfamous.8.Becauseshewasbusy,shedidn’tgoout.→____________herbusyness,sh