2025年英語專業(yè)八級閱讀理解真題精講與解析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehension(30points)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthedigitaleconomyhastransformednearlyeveryaspectofmodernlife,fromshoppingandentertainmenttoworkandcommunication.However,thistransformationhasalsobroughtaboutanewsetofchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmentalhealth.Asindividualsspendincreasingamountsoftimeonline,concernsabouttheimpactofsocialmedia,screenaddiction,andtheconstantbarrageofinformationonmentalwell-beinghavegrownsignificantly.Whiledigitaltechnologyoffersnumerousbenefits,itiscrucialtoacknowledgeandaddressitspotentialdrawbackstoensureahealthydigitallifestyle.Oneofthemostwidelydiscussedissuesistheimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.PlatformslikeFacebook,Instagram,andTikTokhavebecomeintegralpartsofdailylifeforbillionsofpeopleworldwide.Whiletheyofferopportunitiesforconnectionandentertainment,theyalsopresentrisks.Thecuratedandoftenidealizedversionsoflifepresentedontheseplatformscanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandanxiety,particularlyamongyoungerusers.Thephenomenonof"FOMO"(fearofmissingout)isadirectresultofconstantexposuretotheseeminglyperfectlivesofothers,fosteringacultureofcomparisonandself-doubt.Furthermore,theaddictivenatureoftheseplatforms,drivenbyalgorithmsdesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,canleadtoexcessivescreentimeandneglectofreal-worldinteractions.Anothersignificantconcernisscreenaddiction.Theconvenienceandaccessibilityofdigitaldeviceshavemadeiteasyforindividualstoimmersethemselvesinscreensforhoursonend,whetherforwork,leisure,orsocializing.Thisconstantconnectivity,whilebeneficialinmanyways,canleadtoalossofproductivity,poorsleeppatterns,andadeclineinphysicalhealth.Thebluelightemittedbyscreenscandisruptcircadianrhythms,makingithardertofallasleepandstayasleep.Additionally,thesedentarynatureofscreen-basedactivitiescontributestoamoreinactivelifestyle,whichislinkedtovarioushealthproblems.Theconstantnotificationsandalertsfromdigitaldevicescanalsocreateastateofperpetualanxietyandstress,asindividualsfeeltheneedtostayconstantlyconnectedandresponsive.Theoverwhelmingamountofinformationavailableonlineisanotherchallengeposedbythedigitaleconomy.Theinternetprovidesaccesstoavastarrayofcontent,fromnewsandeducationalresourcestoentertainmentandsocialmedia.Whilethiswealthofinformationisbeneficial,itcanalsobeoverwhelming.Theeasewithwhichmisinformationandfakenewscanspreadonlineposesasignificantthreattomentalhealth,asindividualsmaybecomeanxious,confused,orparanoidduetotheconstantinfluxofcontradictoryinformation.Moreover,theaddictivenatureofonlinecontentcanleadtoinformationoverload,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformationeffectively.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Individualsmusttakeproactivestepstomanagetheirscreentime,setboundariesforsocialmediause,andprioritizereal-worldinteractions.Educationalinstitutionsandworkplacesalsohavearoletoplayinpromotingdigitalliteracyandfosteringhealthydigitalhabits.Policymakerscanimplementregulationstoensuretheresponsibledesignofdigitalplatformsandtoprotectusers,especiallychildrenandadolescents,fromthepotentialharmsofthedigitaleconomy.Byacknowledgingthepotentialdrawbacksofthedigitaleconomyandtakingstepstomitigatethem,wecanworktowardsafuturewheretechnologyenhancesourliveswithoutcompromisingourmentalwell-being.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth?3.Whatisscreenaddiction,andhowdoesitimpactindividuals?4.Whyistheoverwhelmingamountofinformationavailableonlineachallenge?5.Whatstepscanbetakentoaddressthechallengesposedbythedigitaleconomy?PassageTwoTheconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,asawarenessofenvironmentalissuesandtheneedforlong-termresourcemanagementhasgrown.Sustainabilityencompassesawiderangeofpracticesandprinciplesaimedatreducinghumanimpactontheenvironment,ensuringthewell-beingofcurrentandfuturegenerations.Whilethetermisoftenassociatedwithenvironmentalism,sustainabilityalsohasimplicationsforsocialequity,economicdevelopment,andoverallqualityoflife.Atitscore,sustainabilityisaboutbalance.Itinvolvesfindingaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenhumanactivitiesandthenaturalworld.Thisrequiresashiftawayfromthetraditionalmodeloflineareconomicgrowth,whichprioritizesconsumptionandwaste,towardsacirculareconomythatemphasizesreuse,recycling,andtheefficientuseofresources.Thecirculareconomymodelaimstominimizewasteandpollution,reducetheconsumptionofrawmaterials,andcreateclosed-loopsystemswhereproductsaredesignedtobereusedandrecycledindefinitely.Oneofthekeydimensionsofsustainabilityisenvironmentalsustainability.Thisinvolvesprotectingnaturalecosystems,conservingbiodiversity,andmitigatingclimatechange.Environmentalsustainabilityrequiresaconcertedefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissions,transitiontorenewableenergysources,andimplementpracticesthatprotectnaturalhabitatsandwildlife.Theurgencyofenvironmentalsustainabilityhasbecomeincreasinglyapparentinrecentyears,withrisingsealevels,extremeweatherevents,andthelossofbiodiversityposingsignificantthreatstoglobalecosystemsandhumansocieties.Socialsustainabilityisanothercriticalcomponentofthesustainabilityframework.Thisdimensionfocusesonensuringsocialequity,promotinginclusivedevelopment,andimprovingthequalityoflifeforallmembersofsociety.Socialsustainabilityrequirespoliciesandpracticesthataddressissuessuchaspoverty,inequality,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.Italsoinvolvesfosteringasenseofcommunityandsocialcohesion,andpromotingculturaldiversityandrespectforhumanrights.Byprioritizingsocialsustainability,societiescancreatemoreequitableandresilientcommunitiesthatarebetterequippedtofacefuturechallenges.Economicsustainabilityiscloselylinkedtoenvironmentalandsocialsustainability.Itinvolvespromotingeconomicgrowththatisenvironmentallysoundandsociallyequitable.Thisrequiresashiftawayfromunsustainablebusinessmodelsthatprioritizeshort-termprofitsattheexpenseoflong-termsustainability.Economicsustainabilityinvolvesinvestingingreentechnologies,promotingsustainableagriculture,andsupportingbusinessesthatadoptenvironmentallyandsociallyresponsiblepractices.Byfosteringeconomicsustainability,societiescancreateamoreprosperousandresilienteconomythatbenefitsbothcurrentandfuturegenerations.Achievingsustainabilityrequiresacollectiveeffortinvolvinggovernments,businesses,civilsociety,andindividuals.Governmentshaveacrucialroletoplayinsettingpoliciesandregulationsthatpromotesustainability,suchasinvestinginrenewableenergy,implementingcarbonpricingmechanisms,andprotectingnaturalecosystems.Businessescancontributebyadoptingsustainablepractices,investingingreentechnologies,andadoptingcorporatesocialresponsibilityinitiatives.Civilsocietyorganizationscanraiseawarenessaboutsustainabilityissues,advocateforpolicychanges,andpromotesustainablelifestyles.Individualsalsohavearoletoplaybymakingconsciouschoicesabouttheirconsumptionpatterns,reducingtheirenvironmentalfootprint,andparticipatinginsustainabilityinitiatives.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Howdoesthecirculareconomymodeldifferfromthetraditionallineareconomicmodel?8.Whataresomeofthekeychallengesassociatedwithenvironmentalsustainability?9.Howdoessocialsustainabilitycontributetotheoverallwell-beingofsociety?10.Whataresomeofthewaysinwhichgovernments,businesses,andindividualscancontributetoachievingsustainability?PassageThreeTheconceptofhappinesshasbeenacentraltopicinphilosophy,psychology,andliteratureforcenturies.Whilethedefinitionofhappinessissubjectiveandcanvaryacrossculturesandindividuals,itisgenerallyunderstoodasastateofwell-beingcharacterizedbypositiveemotions,asenseofpurpose,andtheabilitytothrive.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinthescientificstudyofhappiness,knownaspositivepsychology,whichaimstounderstandthefactorsthatcontributetoahappyandfulfillinglife.Positivepsychologyresearchhasidentifiedseveralkeyfactorsthatcontributetohappiness.Oneofthemostimportantisrelationships.Strongsocialconnectionsandsupportiverelationshipswithfamily,friends,andcommunityarestronglycorrelatedwithhigherlevelsofhappiness.Socialsupportprovidesasenseofbelonging,reducesstress,andenhancesoverallwell-being.Peoplewhohavestrongsocialnetworkstendtolivelonger,healthierlives,andarebetterabletocopewithadversity.Anotherkeyfactorisengagement.Engagementreferstobeingfullyabsorbedandimmersedinactivitiesthatarechallengingandenjoyable.Whenpeopleareengagedinactivitiesthattheyfindmeaningfulandfulfilling,theyexperienceastateofflow,characterizedbyheightenedfocus,creativity,andenjoyment.Engagementcanbefoundinvariousactivities,includingwork,hobbies,sports,andcreativepursuits.Peoplewhoexperiencehighlevelsofengagementtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivesandreporthigherlevelsofhappiness.Meaningisanotherimportantfactorthatcontributestohappiness.Meaningreferstohavingasenseofpurposeandpurposeinlife.Peoplewhofindmeaningintheirlivesaremorelikelytobehappyandfulfilled.Meaningcanbederivedfromvarioussources,includingwork,volunteering,spirituality,andpersonalrelationships.Findingmeaninginlifeinvolvescontributingtosomethinglargerthanoneselfandfeelingconnectedtoagreaterpurpose.Finally,positiveemotionsplayacrucialroleinhappiness.Positiveemotionsrefertofeelingssuchasjoy,gratitude,love,andexcitement.Theseemotionsbroadenourminds,enhanceourcreativity,andstrengthenoursocialconnections.Peoplewhoexperiencefrequentpositiveemotionstendtobemoreresilient,moreoptimistic,andmorelikelytothrive.Cultivatingpositiveemotionsinvolvespracticinggratitude,engaginginactivitiesthatbringjoy,andfocusingonthegoodinlife.Itisimportanttonotethathappinessisnotaconstantstate,butratherafluctuatingone.Lifeexperiences,circumstances,andindividualdifferencesallcontributetovariationsinhappinesslevels.However,researchsuggeststhattherearethingsthatindividualscandotoincreasetheirbaselinelevelofhappiness.Theseincludepracticinggratitude,engaginginpositiveactivities,buildingstrongrelationships,andfindingmeaninginlife.Thepursuitofhappinessisauniversalhumangoal,andunderstandingthefactorsthatcontributetohappinesscanhelpindividualsleadmorefulfillingandmeaningfullives.Whileexternalfactorssuchaswealthandstatuscancontributetohappinesstosomeextent,researchsuggeststhattheyarenotthesoledeterminantsofhappiness.Internalfactorssuchasrelationships,engagement,meaning,andpositiveemotionsaremoreconsistentlyassociatedwithhigherlevelsofhappiness.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtopositivepsychologyresearch,whatarethekeyfactorsthatcontributetohappiness?13.Howdoesengagementcontributetohappiness?14.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmeaningandengagementinthecontextofhappiness?15.Whatcanindividualsdotoincreasetheirbaselinelevelofhappiness?PassageFourTheglobalizationoftheeconomyhasledtoanunprecedentedincreaseininternationaltradeandculturalexchange.Whilethishasbroughtnumerousbenefits,suchasincreasedaccesstogoodsandservices,economicgrowth,andculturaldiversity,ithasalsoraisedconcernsabouttheimpactofglobalizationonlocalculturesandtraditions.Thequestionofwhetherglobalizationleadstoculturalhomogenizationorculturalhybridizationhasbeenatopicofintensedebateamongscholarsandpolicymakers.Culturalhomogenizationreferstotheprocessbywhichdistinctlocalculturesarereplacedbyadominantglobalculture.Thisphenomenonisoftenassociatedwiththespreadofglobalbrands,media,andconsumerculture.Proponentsofculturalhomogenizationarguethatthedominanceofglobalbrandsandmedialeadstotheerosionoflocalculturesandtraditions,aspeopleadoptamorestandardizedsetofvaluesandbehaviors.TheypointtothewidespreadpopularityofglobalbrandslikeMcDonald's,Coca-Cola,andStarbucksasevidenceofculturalhomogenization.Theyalsoarguethattheglobalmediaindustry,dominatedbyafewlargecorporations,promotesanarrowsetofculturalvaluesandnarratives,marginalizinglocalculturesandvoices.Culturalhybridization,ontheotherhand,referstotheprocessbywhichlocalculturesinteractwithandintegratewithglobalcultures,creatingnewandhybridformsofculture.Proponentsofculturalhybridizationarguethatglobalizationdoesnotnecessarilyleadtotheerosionoflocalcultures,butratherfostersaprocessofculturalexchangeandinnovation.Theypointtotheincreasingpopularityoffusioncuisine,multiculturalmusic,andglobalartformsasevidenceofculturalhybridization.Theyarguethatglobalizationprovidesopportunitiesforlocalculturestoreachawideraudienceandtoadaptandevolveinresponsetoglobalinfluences.Bothculturalhomogenizationandculturalhybridizationarecomplexandmultifacetedprocesses.Theimpactofglobalizationonlocalculturesvariesdependingonavarietyoffactors,includingthespecificcontext,thepowerdynamicsbetweenlocalandglobalcultures,andtheagencyoflocalcommunities.Insomecases,globalizationmayleadtotheerosionoflocalcultures,particularlyinsituationswherelocalcommunitieshavelimitedpowerandresourcestoresistthedominanceofglobalcultures.Inothercases,globalizationmayfosterculturalhybridization,leadingtothecreationofnewandinnovativeculturalforms.Thedebateoverculturalhomogenizationandculturalhybridizationhighlightstheneedforamorenuancedunderstandingoftheimpactofglobalizationonlocalcultures.Itisimportanttorecognizethatglobalizationisnotamonolithicforce,butratheracomplexanddynamicprocessthatcanhavedifferenteffectsindifferentcontexts.Itisalsoimportanttoacknowledgethatlocalcommunitieshaveagencyandcanplayanactiveroleinshapingtheimpactofglobalizationontheircultures.Policymakersandculturalleadersneedtofindwaystosupportlocalcultureswhilealsoembracingtheopportunitiesprovidedbyglobalization.Thisinvolvespromotingculturaleducation,supportinglocalartistsandculturalinstitutions,andfosteringasenseofculturalidentityandpride.Italsoinvolvespromotingculturalexchangeanddialoguebetweenlocalandglobalcultures,recognizingthatculturaldiversityisavaluableassetthatshouldbecelebratedandpreserved.Thefutureofcultureintheageofglobalizationislikelytobecharacterizedbyamixofhomogenizationandhybridization.Whileglobalculturalinfluenceswillcontinuetospread,localcultureswillalsocontinuetoadaptandevolveinresponsetotheseinfluences.Thekeyistofindabalancebetweenembracingglobalculturalinfluencesandpreservinglocalculturalidentity.Bydoingso,wecancreateafuturewhereculturaldiversityisenhanced,notdiminished,bytheforcesofglobalization.Questions:16.Whatisthema