期中復(fù)習(xí)：8AUL4語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

【知識(shí)梳理】

U1：形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

大多數(shù)形容詞都有原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)三種形式。

比校級(jí)用于兩個(gè)對(duì)象的比較，表示'比……更……，較……”；

最高級(jí)用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的對(duì)象的比較，表示“最……”，最高級(jí)前通常要加定冠詞thCo

【.形容詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成

(I)規(guī)則變化

變化規(guī)則例詞

大多數(shù)詞在詞尾加-er或-estlong—>longer—^longest

nice—>nicer—>nicest

以e結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加-r或-st

late—>later—?latest

以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i,easy—>casicr—>casicst

單音節(jié)詞及部分雙音節(jié)詞

再力ll-er或-esthappy—?happier—>happiest

以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音

big->bigger-*biggest

節(jié)詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再

thin—*thinner—>thinnest

力口-er或-est

beautifiil—>morebeautifi.il—>niostbeautiful

多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或most

careful—>morccareful—>mostcareful

(2)不規(guī)則變化

原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

good/wellbetterbest

ill/badworseworst

many/muchmoremost

littlelessleast

注意有些詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方式有兩種。

c1cver—>cIcvcrcr/morcclever—>clcvcrcst/inostclever

old—>older/elder—?oldest/eldest

far—?farther/further—?farthest/furthest

2.形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常見句式

(1)形容詞比較級(jí)

①兩者相比較，可用”比較級(jí)+thaiT結(jié)構(gòu)。

Thisparkislargerthanthatone.

注意形容詞的比較級(jí)前還可以用一些副詞（短語(yǔ)），如much、alot、abit、afar、even、slill等修

飾,以進(jìn)一步說明程度。

LilyisalittletallerthanLucy.

Ourcityismuchmorebeautifulthantheirs.

②"比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“越來越...若形容詞為多音節(jié)（或部分雙音節(jié)）詞，則用"moreandmore

+形容詞”。

Mybrotherisfatterandfatter.

Itwasbecomingmoreandmoredifficultcoliveonhissalary.

③"the+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)表示"越……,（就）越……%

Thebusiermymotheris,thehappiershefeels.

Themorecarefulyouare.thefewermistakesyou'llmake.

④"Which/Who…+比較級(jí),AorB?”表示“A和B哪個(gè)（誰(shuí)）更...

Whoisstronger,TomorJim?

⑤"the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“兩個(gè)…中較…的那個(gè)二

ThetalleroftheIwoboysismybrother.

（2）形容詞最高級(jí)

①三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的對(duì)象比較時(shí)用最高級(jí)，最高級(jí)的前面通常要加定冠詞the,后面常有表示比較范圍的

"iiL.Vof..."o此外，常用結(jié)構(gòu)”oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為”最...的…之一”。

Peteristhetallestinourclass.

It'soneofthemostdifficultproblemsinmywork.

②序數(shù)詞、形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格等限定詞都可以修飾形容詞最高級(jí)。

Joeisthesecondtallestboyinourclass.

Kaleismybestfriend.

3.含有形容詞最高級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)與含有形容詞比較級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

"the+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞（+范圍）”

=”形容詞比較級(jí)+thanany（nhcr+單數(shù)名詞（+范圍）”

="形容詞比較級(jí)+thantheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（+范圍）"

ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsia.

=CiinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.

=ChinaislargerthantheothercountriesinAsia.

【鞏固練習(xí)】

1.Thesedays,thepriceofthevegetablesisthanbefore.Icannotalmostbuyit.

A.highB.moreexpensiveC.muchhigherD.(hemostexpensive

【答案】C

2.一Whydosomanypeopleshoponlineon(he1IthofNovember?

—Becausethepriceofthingsisthanusual.TherearcbigsalesforSingles'Day.

A.morelowerB.morecheaperC.muchcheaperD.muchlower

【答案】D

3.——DidyouwatchthefilmTheVolunteersduringtheholiday?

—Yes,ofcourse.Itisthantheotherfilms,Ithink.Iwanttoseeitagain.

A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.lessinterestingD.(hemostinteresting

【答案】B

4.—HowwasyourtriptotheparklastSunday?

—ItcouldiVtbe.Welostourwayintheparkanditkeptrainingalltheday.

A.nicerB.worstC.worseD.good

【答案】C

5.—Hey,Bob.Itseemsthateveryoneistryingtobe.

—Yeah.peoplearesittingaround.Instead,theyexercisemoreandeatlessfastfood.

A.morehealthy;FewerB.healthier;FewerC.healthier;LessD.morehealthy;More

【答案】B

6.—Remembertoputonwarmclothes.It'sgettingthesedays.

—1wishtheweatherinwintercouldbeasasthatinspring.

A.hotter;warmB.colder;warmC.hotter;warmerD.colder;warmer

【答案】B

7.Ourcountrywillbeaslongaseachofustriestoworkharder.

A.goodandgoodB.betterandbetterC.badandbadD.worseandworse

【答案】B

8.Thenewspapersaysthenumberofthewildanimalsinourcountrynow.

A.isgettingfewerandfewerB.isgettingsmallerandsmaller

C.isgettinglessandlessD.aregettingsmallerandsmaller

【答案】B

9.animalsarcindangerandtherewillbespaceforthemifwcdon'tprotectthem.

A.Moreandmore;moreandmoreB.Lessandless;lessandless

C.Moreandmore;lessandlessD.Lessandless;moreandmore

【答案】C

10.—Howcarefulyouare,Helen!

—Wemust.Asweallknowthatwedo,mistakeswewillmake.

A.themorecareful;thefewerB.themorecarefully;theless

C.themorecareful;thelessD.themorecarefully;thefewer

【答案】D

11.Boysandgirls,themoreyouareduringtheexam,themistakesyou'llmake.

A.carefully;lessB.carelessly;fewerC.careful;moreD.careless;more

【答案】D

12.SunYingshaismorepopularthanaftertheOlympicGamesin-Paris.Sheisoftenatopsearchonthe

Internet.

A.anyothertabictennisplayerB.anytabletennisplayer

C.theothertabletennisplayerD.alltheothertennisplayers

【答案】A

13.MaxspendstimethanreadingEnglishinhisclass.

A.fewer;anystudentsB.less;anystudent

C.fewer;anyotherstudentsD.less;anyotherstudent

【答案】D

14.―ChinawonmoregoldmedalsthaninEurope（歐洲）intheParisOlympicGamesin2024.

—Whatexcitingnewitis!Ifeelproudofourcountry!

A.anyothercountriesB.theothercountriesC.anycountryD.othercountries

【答案】C

15.—HowdoyoulikethemovieVolunteers:XiongbinfiAttack《志愿軍》？

-Oh,sowonderfulandmoving!Idon'tthinkIwillseeone.

A.thebetterB.thebestC.abestD.abetter

【答案】D

16.—Howwastheactionmovieyousawlastnight?

一Itcouldn'tbe.Icouldn'tstanditandstayedtherefbrjusttwentyminutes.

A.betterB.bestC.worseD.worst

【答案】C

17.IfyoucompareLindaMary,youwillfindMaryisofthetwo.

A.to;thesmarterB.with;smarterC.to;smarterD.with;thesmarter

【答案】D

18.Jimisofthetwo.

A.tallerB.thetallerC.tallestD.thetallest

【答案】B

19.一Howdoyoufeeltoday?—.Icoughedbadly(hismorning.

A.MuchbetterB.MorebetterC.MoreworseD.Evenworse

【答案】D

20.Thedumplingsarethanthenoodles,Ithink.

A.veryniceB.themostdelicious

C.muchdeliciousD.muchmoredelicious

【答案】D

U2：數(shù)量的比較

(l)more...than結(jié)構(gòu)表示“比…多”，more后可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。

IhavemorestorybooksthanDavid.我的故事書比戴維的多。

Peterhasmoremilkthanme.彼得的牛奶比我的多。

(2)Fcwer/kss...than結(jié)構(gòu)表示“比…少”,可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用fewer修飾,不可數(shù)名詞用less修飾。

Danielstudiesfewersubjectsthanme.丹尼爾學(xué)的科目比我少。

Janespendslessmoneyonsnacksthanyou.簡(jiǎn)花在零食上的錢比你少。

(3)themost表示“在…當(dāng)中是最多的"。most是many和much的最高級(jí)，與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞

連用。

Shesangthemostsongsattheparty.在聚會(huì)上，她唱的歌最多。

(4)thefewest表示“在…當(dāng)中是最少的“。fewest是few的最高級(jí)，與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。

Tomasksthefewestquestionsinourclass.在我們班上湯姆提的問題最少。

（5）theleast表示“在…當(dāng)中是最少的"。least是little的最高級(jí)，與不可數(shù)名詞連用。

Danieldidtheleastworkyesterdayafternoon.丹尼爾昨天下午做的工作最少。

U2：as...as的用法

1.當(dāng)我們想表達(dá)“和…一樣”時(shí)、常用“as+形容詞原級(jí)/副詞原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。

Thisparkisaslargeasthatone.這個(gè)公園和那個(gè)公園一樣大。

Hestudiesashardashisbrother.他學(xué)習(xí)和他弟弟?樣努力。

當(dāng)我們想表達(dá)“和…不一樣，不如/不及…”時(shí)，常用“notas/so+形容詞原級(jí)/副詞原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。

I'mnotas/sotallashim,我沒有他高。

2.notas/so...as與比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

“notas/so...as”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“不及，不如…”，也可以用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)來轉(zhuǎn)換。

Cyclingisnotas/sodangerousasdiving.=Cyclingislessdangerousthandiving.

=Divingismoredangerousthancycling.騎自行車沒有潛水危險(xiǎn)。

Jimdoesn'trunas/sofastasmysister.=Jimrunsmoreslowlythanmysister.

=MysisterrunsfasterthanJim.吉姆沒有我妹妹跑得快。

【練一練】

1.ThetyphoonBcbinca（貝碧嘉）,level（級(jí)別）thisyear,hitShanghailastmonth,windsupto151kph.

A.thehighest,withB.higher,asC.higher,withD.thehighest,as

【答案】A

2.Astheswimmerin（heteam,shealwaysspendsasmuchlimeasshecanswimming.

A.fastest,practisingB.faster,practiseC.fastest,practiseD.faster,practising

【答案】A

3.youpractice,youcanunderstand.

A.Much;goodB.More;betterC.Themore;thebetterD.Themost;thebest

【答案】C

4.一Whosings,youorJack?—Jack,butIdancethanhim!

A.moreloudly;belterB.loudly;wellC.moreloudly;goodD.loudly;better

【答案】A

5.youread.youwillbecome.

A.Themore;themostcleverB.Themore;theclevererC.Themost;theclever

【答案】B

6.—Whichsportdoyoulike.swimmingorrunning?

一Swimming.IbeganswimmingwhenIwas10yearsold.

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest

【答案】B

7.Adamrunsinourclass,soweallthinkhecantakepartinthesportsmeeting.

A.fasterB.fastestC.earlierD.earliest

【答案】B

8.—Ourclassdidwellintheschoolsingingcompetition.一Yes,yousangofall.

A.beautifullyB.morebeautifullyC.mostbeautifulD.mostbeautifully

【答案】D

9.—ThepricesofthethingsinWandaMallarenotinothermalls.

—Yes.andtherearemorefunplacestogo.

A.asexpensiveas(hisB.ashighasthisC.asexpensiveasthoseD.ashighasthose

【答案】D

10.SomedayShanghaiwillbecomeasasHongKong.

A.busyB.busierC.busiestD.thebusiest

【答案】A

11.—Areyouandyoursisterdifferent?—Yes.Sheisthanme,butIamasasher.

A.(all;(hinB.taller;thinnerC.taller;(hinD.(all;thinner

【答案】C

12.Youthinkthisbookisthebest?ButIthinkitisthatcne.

A.asinterestingasB.lessinteresting

C.notasinterestingasD.moreinterestingthan

【答案】C

13.Hedoesn'thaveIdo.

A.asmanyfriendasB.asmanyasfriends

C.somanyfriendsasD.asmanyfriends

【答案】C

14.Don'tjustbelieve(相信)theadvertisement.Thiskindofbookisitsays.

A.asgoodasB.notsogoodasC.aswellasD.notaswellas

【答案】B

15.Therainisn'tas________asitwasyesterday.

A.heavilyB.heavyC.moreheavilyD.heavier

【答案】B

U3：副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

一、副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成

變化規(guī)則例詞

一般在詞尾加-er或-esthard—>hardcr—)■hardest

以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞后

單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙late—>later->latest

加-r或-st

音節(jié)詞

以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，改

early—>earlier—>earliest

y為i.再加-er或-est

多音節(jié)詞和部分雙beautifully—>morcbeautifully—>mostbeautifully

在詞前加more或most

音節(jié)詞carefully—>morecarefully—>mostcarefully

well—>bcttcr—>bcst

不規(guī)則變化badly—>worse—?worst

far—?ftirther/farther—?furthest/farthest

二、副詞的比較級(jí)用法

(1)句型“A...比較級(jí)+thanB”，意為“A比B更……”。當(dāng)than前后使用的動(dòng)詞相同時(shí),than后通常用助動(dòng)詞

代替動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞也可省略。一些詞或短語(yǔ)可以修飾副詞的比較級(jí)，如:alittle,much,far,alot,wen等。

Roseranfasterthantheothergirls(did).

JimworksmuchharderthanKate(does).

(2)句型“…比較級(jí),AorB?”，意為“A和B誰(shuí)更……？”。

Whojumpshigher,JimorTom?

(3)句型“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”或，］02@優(yōu)111。代+原級(jí)”，意為“越來越...”，表示程度加深,

Heranfasterandfaster.

Itrainedmoreandmoreheavily.

(4)句型“the+比較級(jí),ihe+比較級(jí)”，意為“越…，僦)越…”。

Theearlieryoustart,thesooneryouwillgetthere.

三、副詞的最高級(jí)用法

副詞的最高級(jí)用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比較，表示其中的一方在這個(gè)范圍中“最…”，多由介詞in、of

或among等來說明比較的范圍。

LiMingjumps(the)highestinourschool.

Billswims(the)fastestamongthethreeboys.

U3：反身代詞

(1)人稱代詞

主格賓格形容詞性名詞性物反身代詞

物主代詞主代詞

第一人稱Imemyminemyself

weusouroursourselves

第二人稱youyouyouryoursyourself

youyouyouryoursyourselves

第三人稱hehimhishishimself

sheherherhersherself

itititsitsitself

theythemtheirtheirsthemselves

(2)常見短語(yǔ)：

自學(xué)icachoncsclf=learnbyoneself

獨(dú)自byoneself=alone=onone'sown

玩得開心enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun

請(qǐng)自便helponeself(tosth.)

保密keepthesecrettooneself

自言自語(yǔ)saytooneself

注意:反身代詞使用語(yǔ)境:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)為同一對(duì)象時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞。

【練一練】

1.—TheChinesefootballteamlostthegameagain.—IwasverysadbutIalwaystellnottolosehope.

A.meB.myC.mineD.myself

【答案】D

2.—Canyoumakesureyoucanfinishtheworkallbyintwodays'time?—Yes.Ican.

A.yourselvesB.yourselfC.ourselvesD.myself

【答案】B

3.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheprogrammeRunnigMaif!—TheTVprogrammeissowoncerful.

A.itselfB.ourselvesC.themselvesD.myself

【答案】A

4.一YouhadsevendaysduringtheNationalDayholiday,didn'tyou?

—Exactly.Andweenjoyedsomuchduringtheholiday.

A.away;ourselvesB.away;yourselfC.off;ourselvesD.off;yourselves

【答案】C

5.—Don'tplaywiththefire,youwillhurt,Mike.—Sorry,Iwon't.

A.itselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.yourselves

【答案】C

6.—WhotaughtEnglish?HespeakslikeanEnglishman!—Helearneditby.

A.his;himselfB.him;himC.him;himself

【答案】C

7.—Doyoulearnsomelifeskills:olookafter,LucyancLily?—Ofcourse.Ourparentsarebusy.

A.themselvesB.yourselfC.yourselves

【答案】C

8.—MissLi,Ifindithardtomakelistentoyoucarefullyforlongperiods.

—Maybeyoushouldhaveenoughsleepandtakenoteswhilelisteningtome.

A.myselfB.yourselfC.themselvesD.ourselves

【答案】A

9.—Jim,believein,andyoucanmakeit!—Thanks,Iwill.

A.himselfB.yourselfC.itselfD.myself

【答案】B

10.——WhatdidyoubuywhenyouwereonholidayinShanghai?

—1boughtnothingfor,butIboughtatoycarformybrother.

A.himselfB.yourselfC.myselfD.herself

【答案】C

U4：祈使句

當(dāng)我們向他人發(fā)出命令，提出要求或建議時(shí)，常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿時(shí)you（聽話人），通常不明

確表示出來。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句

肯定句Do型：動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語(yǔ))+其他成分。Haveaseathere.

Be型：Be+n/adj+其他成分。Beagoodchild!

Let型：Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分。Letmehelpyou.

Do型和Be型均在句首加Don飛構(gòu)成。Don'tbelatefbrschool!

Let型的否定形式有兩種：Don'tlethimgo.=Lethimnotgo.

Don\+let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分。

否定句

Let+賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分。

(1)有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動(dòng)詞可省略。Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.

(2)有些祈使句可用No開頭，用來表示禁止。Nosmoking!

(3)為了使祈使句聽來比較客氣，委婉，除了用please外，句末還可用willyou。Readthetext,willyou?

(4)在祈使句的前面加上do可以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。Doremembertocallme.

(5)祈使句的答句常用一般將來時(shí)。--Don'lsmokehere.-Sorry,Iwon't.

U4：should和hadbetter

詞匯用法例句

意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該”，表達(dá)責(zé)任、義務(wù)、勸

shouldWeshoulddowhattheteachertoldus.

告等，沒有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。

hadbetter意為“最好”，表示勸告、建議，其否定式Y(jié)ou'dbettergotohospitalatones.You'dbetter

常簡(jiǎn)寫為，dbetter為hadbetternot。notforgettodoyourhomework.

【練一練】

1.ourclubandyoucanlearnmanynewandinterestingthings.

A.JoinB.JoiningC.Toj