機(jī)密★啟用前2025年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷(第1套)附答案COLLEGEENGLISHTEST—BandFour—(試題冊(cè)）敬告考生一、在答題前，請(qǐng)認(rèn)真完成以下內(nèi)容：請(qǐng)檢查試題冊(cè)背面條形碼粘貼條、答題卡的印刷質(zhì)量，如有問(wèn)題及時(shí)向監(jiān)考員反映，確認(rèn)無(wú)誤后完成以下兩點(diǎn)要求。請(qǐng)將試題冊(cè)背面條形碼粘貼條揭下后粘貼在答題卡1的條形碼粘貼框內(nèi)，并將姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試題冊(cè)封面相應(yīng)位置。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1和答題卡2指定位置用黑色簽字筆填寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名和學(xué)校名稱，并用HB-2B鉛筆將對(duì)應(yīng)準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)的信息點(diǎn)涂黑。二、在考試過(guò)程中，請(qǐng)注意以下內(nèi)容：所有題目必須在答題卡上規(guī)定位置作答，在試題冊(cè)上或答題卡上非規(guī)定位置的作答一律無(wú)效。請(qǐng)?jiān)谝?guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)在答題卡指定位置依次完成作文、聽(tīng)力、閱讀、翻譯各部分考試，作答作文期間不得翻閱該試題冊(cè)。聽(tīng)力錄音播放完畢后，請(qǐng)立即停止作答，監(jiān)考員將立即回收答題卡得到監(jiān)考員指令后方可繼續(xù)作答。作文題內(nèi)容印在試題冊(cè)背面，作文題及其他主觀題必須用黑色簽字筆在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。選擇題均為單選題，錯(cuò)選、不選或多選將不得分，作答時(shí)必須使用HB-2B鉛筆在答題卡上相應(yīng)位置填涂，修改時(shí)須用橡皮擦凈。三、以下情況按違規(guī)處理：不正確填寫(xiě)（涂）個(gè)人信息，錯(cuò)貼、不貼、毀損條形碼粘貼條。未按規(guī)定翻閱試題冊(cè)、提前閱讀試題、提前或在收答題卡期間作答。未用所規(guī)定的筆作答、折疊或毀損答題卡導(dǎo)致無(wú)法評(píng)卷。考試期間在非聽(tīng)力考試時(shí)間佩戴耳機(jī)。PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:Supposethestudentunionofyouruniversityiscollectingopinionsonimprovingitsworkforthecomingyear.Youarenowtowritearesponsebysuggestinghowitcanbetterenrichstudentlife.Youwillhave30minutestowritetheessay.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)AtthegateofagradeschoolinKent.C)InsidethecarofDavidKing'sneighbour.B)Undertheenginecoverofaman'scar.D)Outsidetheofficeofacharityfoundation.2.A)Itgotreunitedwithitsowner. C)ItwasplacedinthecareofaUKcharity.B)Itwasinjuredduringtherescue. D)ItbecameapetofMr.King'sgrandson.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Thereunionofthisyear'sOlympicgoldmedalists.B)TheopeningoftheSpecialOlympicsSpringGames.C)ThefirstimportantpoliticaleventinthenextfiveyearsD)The100thanniversarycelebrationofMethodistUniversity.4.A)VolunteersvisittheGames'websitetosignup.B)Childrenplayinafuntentandenjoythemselvesfully.C)OrganizersdevotetheirtimeandenergytotheGames.D)AthleteswithspecialneedstriumphintheGames.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)CompensatefortheSwissmanufacturer'sloss.B)Changethewrappingofitscommodities.C)DestroyitsimitationchocolaterabbitsD)Defenditselfinthecountry'scommercialcourt.6.A)Itcouldbereusedinotherproducts.B)ItcouldberesoldcheapertoavoidwasteC)Itcouldbereshapedintoanimalsotherthanrabbits.D)Itcouldberewrappedandsoldbythebudgetsupermarket.7.A)TobefairtotheGermansupermarketsB)Toprotectchocolateretailers'interests.C)Topreventconsumers'possibleconfusionD)Toboostthegrowthofthechocolateindustry.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Passabooktohim. C)Returnthehandbooktohim.B)Makeavegetabledish. D)Meethissister'sboyfriend.9.A)Itdoesn'tsoundpracticalforher. C)Itwouldreduceone'sproteinintake.B)Itwoulddoharmtoone'smuscles. D)Itdoesn'tseemtobeabalanceddiet.10.A)Toimprovehishealth. C)Tosticktohisreligiousbelief.B)Toprotectanimalrights. D)Tofollowatrendylifestyle.11.A)Thetortureanddistressdolphinssufferinparks.B)Theurgencyofjoiningananimalrightsgroup.C)Thegloomyenvironmentsanimalsarekeptin.D)Thenecessityofhavingzoosandeatingmeat.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Thepartaboutnoteatingonboardtheplane.B)ThepartaboutairtravelinthepastC)Thepartaboutgettingoverjetlag.D)Thepartaboutavoidingsleepingontheplane.13.A)Tryfollowingtheadvicegivenbytheexpertontheshow.B)Concentrateonreadingarticlesrecommendedbyexperts.C)Havemealsasusualtostayawayfromhunger.D)Takeanaptoadjusttoanewtimezone.14.A)Shehasbeenwelltreatedwhentraveling.B)Shedoesnothavetoworryaboutjetlag.C)Shecanspendalotoftimevacationing.D)Shedoesnothaveanyproblemflying.15.A)Itaffectstwenty-fivepercentofpeople.B)Ithaslongbeenignoredbymanyexperts.C)Itimpactsfemaletravelersmoreseriously.D)Ithascausedheavylossestomanyairlines.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),S)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre,Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Learningfromskilleddesigners. C)Obtainingreal-worldexperience.B)Joininga6-monthtrainingcamp. D)Anticipatingactualchallenges.17.A)Coreskills.B)Higher. C)Capability.D)Adaptability18.A)Facechallenges. C)Pursuerolesinteams.B)Startanywhere. D)Followtheirownpath.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)ToallowstudentsmotefreedomintheiracademicworkB)Toenableteacherstointeractmorewiththeirstudents.C)Toengagestudentsmoreintheirlearning.D)Torespondactivelytostudents'requests.20.A)Rearrangingmosttraditionalchairsanddesks.B)Adoptingavarietyofdifferentseatingoptions.C)Shiftingfromtraditionalteachingtotask-basedlearning.D)Usingnewfurnituretocreateacomfortableenvironment.21.A)Achangetoteachers'opinionoftheirstudents.B)Aharmoniousrelationshipamongitsstudents.C)Astrengthenedeffectofitsdiscipline.D)Awinforallpeopleinvolved.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Theyarrivedlatefortheirfirstdayofschool.B)Theyweren'tinformedoftheschool'supdatedrules.C)Theyansweredtheirheadteacher’semailinanimpoliteway.D)Theydidn'tweartheshoesrequiredbytheschool'snewpolicy.23.A)Panic.B)Anger. C)Disputes.D)Riots24.A)Theyrenderedtheschooluniqueinthedistrict.B)Theyenhancedthepositiveimageoftheschool.C)Theyimprovedstudentbehaviorandperformance.D)Theystrengthenedtheschool'sdisciplineandorder.25.A)Tightenhermonthlybudget.B)Turntoherparentsforhelp.C)Borrow￡65fromherfriend.D)Postponepayingherotherbills.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection,thereis,apassagewithtenblanks..Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Somemusicinspiresyoutomoveyourfeet,someinspiresyoutogetoutthereandchangetheworld.Inanycase,it's26tosaythatmusicmovespeopleinspecialways.Ifyou'reespeciallyintoapieceofmusic,yourbraindoessomethingcalledAutonomousSensoryMeridianResponse(ASMR),which27toyoulikeastinginyourbrain.ItturnsoutthatASMRisprettyspecial.Accordingtoa28publishedstudyinTheJournalofPreventionofAlzheimer'sDisease,thepartofyourbrainresponsibleforASMRdoesn'tgetlosttoAlzheimer's.Alzheimer's29toputpeopleintolayersofconfusion,andthestudyconfirmsthatmusiccansometimes30liftpeopleoutoftheAlzheimer'shazeandbringthembackto(atleastalikenessof)normality...ifonlyforashortwhile.ASMRispowerfulstuff!Thisphenomenonhasbeen31severaltimesbutrarelystudiedproperly.Oneofthemostfamousexamplesofthisisthestoryof92-year-oldHenryDryer,whocomesoutofdementia(癡采)whilelisteningtosongsfromhisyouth.JeffAnderson,associateprofessorinRadiologyattheUniversityofUtahand32authoronthestudy,says"Inoursociety,thediagnosesofdementiaare33resourcestothemaximum.NoonesaysplayingmusicwillbeacureforAlzheimer'sdisease,butitmightmakethesymptomsmore34,decreasethecostofcareandimproveapatient's35oflife."A)actuallyE)feelsI)phaseM)taxingB)consequentlyF)manageableJ)plottingN)tendsC)contributingG)mendsK)qualityO)yieldedD)fairH)observedL)recentlySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarking.thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Canplayingvideogameshelpyougetabetterjob?[A]Thegamingindustryislargerthanfilmsandmusiccombined,yetfewofusarelikelytolistourachievementsinplayingcomputergamesasworkexperienceinourrésumé.Butwhynot?Businessesarewakinguptotheskillsgamerscanbringtotheworkplace.[B]Onestart-upisconvincedthattheskillslearnedbyplayinggames-hard-wonthroughyearsoftrainingandbattle-canbeappliedtoreal-lifeworksituations.AndGameAcademyreckonsitsbeliefisbackedupbyharddata.DoyouenjoyunusualpuzzlegameslikePortal,ortowerdefencegameslikeDefenseGrid?TheteamhasfoundthatITworkersplaythosemorethanaverage.ButifyoupreferCivilization,TotalWar,orX-Com,wherestrategyandresourcemanagementarekey,thenyoumighthavemoreincommonwithmanagers.[C]GameAcademy'sideaissimple:analysegamers'habitsfromtheironlinegamingprofile,andoffercoursesinvaluableskillsthatreflecttheiraptitudes--skillstheycanpractiseandrefinein-game.Andthereisalreadyagrowingacceptancethatgamingskillsaretransferable.[D]Eventhemilitaryishiringgamers."Theabilitytoabsorbinformation,reactswiftlyandcoordinateactionswhilstremainingcalmunderpressureareoftenattributesofpeoplethataregoodatgaming,"accordingtoaRoyalAirForcespokesperson.ThoseskillsarepartofwhattheRoyalAirForceislookingfor"inavarietyofroles"."Skillsacquiredthroughgamingcanbeveryrelevanttocertainareas."[E]"Thereareplentyofsoftskillsthatgamerscanutiliseinaprofessionalsetting,suchasteamwork,problemsolvingandstrategicplanning,"saysRyanGardner,aregionaldirectorwithHaysrecruitment.Butdoesthatreallymeanyourtop100rankinginOverwatchshouldgodowninyourrésumé?"It'sabouthowyoueithermakeitrelevanttothejobyouareapplyingfor,orhowitmakesyoumoreinterestingasapotentialemployee,"Mr.Gardnersays.[F]Twoyearsago,aGlasgowUniversitystudymadeheadlinesforsuggestinggamingcouldmakestudentsmoresuccessful.But"theresearchhasn'treallychangedminds,atleastnotyet,"saysoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,Dr.MatthewBarr.He'snowwritingabookonthetopic."Fornow,Ithinkthenegativereputationaroundgamesmeansthattellingsomeoneyou'readeterminedgamerismorelikelytoharmyourchancesofgettingajob.Butifsomeonecanexplainhowthey'veledateaminanonlinegame,forexample,theymaybeabletopersuadeanemployerthatthisisuseful,"saysDr.Barr.[G]Playinggamescasuallyisunlikelytohelpyourcareerprospects.ButpartofGameAcademy'ssuggestionistotransformcasualgamersinto"conscious"ones,applyingcriticalthinkingtodevelopingtheirskills."Weseegameplayasaresourceoftalent,"saysco-founderDavidBarrie."Whycan'tweputinourresumeourgamingvictoriesandachievements?"heasks."Iftheysaytheywantleadership--whycan'tIpointtomyyearsofleadingWorldofWarcraftraids?"[H]Therearealreadyplentyofgamersouttherewhoknowthattheirhobbyhasmadethemwhotheyare.Earlierthisyear,MatthewRiccitoldgamingsiteKotaku:"Ifyou'replayingEVEOnlineyoubasicallyalreadyhaveanMBA."Oftenmadefunofingamingcirclesasa"spreadsheetsimulator(電子表格模擬器)",theeconomyofthefictionalEVEuniverseisdrivenbyrealmarketprinciples.Ifyouwanttobuildanewspaceship,therawmaterialhastobeminedbyanotherplayer.Manufacturingcostscomeintoeffect,andcommoditiesfluctuateinpricebasedondemandandthedistancetohaulthecommodity.[I]Mr.Ricci,whohadalwaysdreamedofbeingthebossofhisowncompany,rananin-gamecorporationcomprisinghundredsofplayers.Eventually,herealisedhecouldtransferhisskillstoreal-lifebusiness-insteadofdoingitforfree.HerestructuredZentech,onceataxationvehicleforhisfather'sbusiness,anditisnowinitsfourthyearhelpinginternationalbrandsentertheCanadianmarket.EVEteachesskillslikecreativity,leadership,organisation,andconflictresolution,hemaintains.Hecreditshissuccesstohisfamily,hisstrongdesiretorunhisownbusiness-and“adamngoodcompanyinIcelandthatmadeadamngoodgame".[J]DigitalentrepreneurandbusinessconsultantMiaBennettsays:"Inmoretraditionalsettings,gamingisstillimaginedtobethepursuitofteenageboys-awasteoftime."Buttherearesomelinkstoskillslike"decision-making,theabilitytoanticipateandfutureplanning,"shesays."Italsohelpswithmeta-skills--learninghowtolearn,experimentation,andcreativethinking."[K]Twelveyearsintohiscareer,MarkLong,aradiotherapyphysicistwiththeNHSinSurrey,doesn'tgetasmuchgamingtimeasheusedto."Iwouldlovetosaythatmygamingskillsallowmetodestroycancerusinglinearacceleratorslikephoton(光子)blasters,butthat'snotquitethereality."Instead,hecreditsold-schoolgameslikePalaceofMagicwithexposinghimtocomputers.Everynewgamingupgradeimprovedhisknowledgeofhowtheyworked.Gamingalsoencouragedacompetitivespirit--andthat,hebelieves,translates."Whencreatingtreatmentplans,theaimistooptimisetheradiationdosetothetumourandrestrictitasmuchaspossibletohealthysurroundingtissuesandorgans,"hesays.It'sabout"repeatingtheprocess,buteachtimedoingsomethingslightlydifferenttoimprovetheresult".Notunlikeachievingahighscoreoraperfectrun.”Mostvideogamesareessentially'puzzlestosolve,"hesays."Andproblem-solvingisabigpartofmyjob."[L]OveratGameAcademy,Mr.Barrieisawaretheystillhaveamountaintoclimb."Theemployercommunitywillneedthescience,"hesays,butconfessesheonlybecameatruebelieverwhenhestartedaskingplayersabouttheirbiggestin-gameachievements."Thescaleandscopeoftheiranswerswereamazing,"hesays."Butaskthemthesameabouttheirwork,andtheydon'tknow.""Theengagementandpowerfulskillsthatpeoplegetplayingagamewhycan'tworkbelikethat?"heasks.36.CertaingamingskillsmeettherequirementsofthearmedforcesinBritain.37.Oneveteranplayerhasappliedhisgamingskillstohisreal-worldbusinessandoweshissuccesspartlytoagamecompany.38.Accordingtoaresearcher,badreputationaboutgameswillprobablylimitagamer'schancesoflandingajob.39.Businessesarebeginningtorealizegamingskillsareapplicabletotheiremployees'work.40.Aphysicistadmitsgaminghascontributedtohiscomputerknowledgeandskillsofsolvingproblems.41.GameAcademyproposestohelpgamersdeveloptheirskillsusingcriticalthinking.42.Onewhoenjoysplayinggamesthatrequiremanagementskillstowinmightpossessmorequalitiesofamanager.43.Inmoreconventionalviews,gamingisatime-wastingactivitypursuedbyyoungboys.44.Itissuggestedthatgamingskillsbeincludedinarésuméiftheyenhanceajobapplicant'sappeal.45.Manygamersknowtheirpassionforplayinggameshasshapedtheiridentity.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.JunkfoodisnowastapleofmanyAmericans'diets.Advertisingcampaignsfromthesnackfoodcompanies,oftenfeaturingsportsstars,sendthemessagethatwecanneutralizeanynegativeeffectsofconsumingtheirproductssimplybygettingmorephysicalexercise.Butrecentstudiesshowalackofexerciseisnottoblameforrisingobesityrates.Baddietsare.Interventions(干預(yù))tohelpreducejunkfoodconsumptionareespeciallyimportantforchildrenandteenagers.Preventionisbetterthancurebecauseobesityissodifficulttotreat.Unfortunately,whilehealtheducationhasshownsomesuccessamongyoungchildren,teenshavebeenhardertoreach.Nowalarge-scalestudyhastriedaninnovativeapproachtochangeteenagers'attitudestowardshealthyeating,andtheresultsarepromising.Theresearchersarguedthatpreviousinterventionshaveprobablybeenunsuccessfulbecauseofamajorflaw:theyfocusedonafuture,healthieryouandassumedthatthiswouldbeenoughmotivationforteenagers.Incontrast,thenewinterventioncleverlyexploitsteenagers'instinctforrebelliousnessandautonomy,andthevaluetheyplaceonsocialjustice.Todothis,researchershadstudentsreadanarticleonthefoodindustry.Itrevealedasecretaboutthemanipulativeanddeceptivestrategiesusedtomakejunkfoodmoreaddictiveandcharacterizetheproductsashealthy.Thearticlealsoexplainedhowadvertisingcampaignsspecificallytargetveryyoungandpoorpeople,causingharmforthesevulnerablegroups.Afterwards,theparticipantsreadafictionalsurveyofteenswhowantedto"fightbackagainstthecompaniesbybuyingandeatinglessprocessedfood".Aftertheintervention,participantsassociatedhealthyeatingwithautonomyandsocialjustice.Theteenagersalsoratedhealthyeatingasbeingmoreappealing.Importantly,therewerealsosomepromisingeffectsofthenewinterventiononactualbehavior.Adaylaterthestudentswereofferedachoiceofsnacksanddrinksinaseeminglyunrelatedcontext.Theteenschosehealthysnacksanddrinks(suchasfruitorwater)moreoftenoverunhealthyoptions(likebiscuitsandsoda).Apparentlyassociatingahealthydietwithteenagers'ownvaluesseemstobeapromisingavenuetopreventobesity.46.Whatdowelearnaboutadvertisingcampaignsfromthesnackfoodcompanies?A)Theyconveytheideathattheirproductsareokifconsumersexercisemore.B)TheysendthemessagethatbaddietsareresponsibleforAmericans'obesity.C)TheyusuallyfeaturesportsstarstoemphasizethebenefitsoftheirsnackfoodsD)Theyclaimthatlackofexerciseistoblamefortheincreasingobesityrates.47.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouthealtheducation?A)Ithasshedlightonteens'instinctforrebellionandautonomy.B)Ithasplacedmuchmoreemphasisoncurethanonprevention.C)Ithascontributedlittletothecampaignsagainstobesity.D)Ithaslargelyfailedtoturnteensawayfromjunkfood.48.Whatisamajorflawinpreviousinterventionstohelpreducejunkfoodconsumption?A)Theymotivatedteenstostayawayfromjunkfoodonlytemporarily.B)Theyfocusedonthebenefitsyoungpeoplewouldreapinthefuture.C)Theywerebasedontheassumptionthatmotivationwastheonlykey.D)Theywereincapableofappealingtoteens'instinctforrebelliousness.49.Inwhatwayisthenewinterventioninnovative?A)Itemphasizespeople'ssenseofsocialresponsibility.B)Itcleverlyexploitsteenagers'personalweaknesses.C)Ittakesadvantageofteenagers'naturalinclination.D)Itpromisesimmediateratherthanfuturebenefits.50.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthenewresearch?A)Atotallydifferentapproachcouldbeadoptedtocombatadvertisingcampaignsforsnackfood.B)Aneffectiveinterventionhastobefoundtopersuadeteenagerstoswitchtoahealthierlifestyle.C)Obesitycanbehopefullypreventedbybuildinglinksbetweenteenagers'valuesandhealthyeating.D)Aninnovativewaytobeatobesityistoexposefoodcompanies'manipulativeanddeceptivepractices.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AdultsdreamduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleepandinfantshaveloadsofREM.So,itmightbefairtoassumethatbabieshavetonsofdreams.ButscientistsbelieveREMservesacompletelydifferentpurposefornewbornsandinfantsthandreaming.WhenbabiesareinREM,itallowstheirbraintodeveloppathways,connections,andeventually,learnlanguagesSinceyourbabydoesn'tdreamatthisstageofbraindevelopment,it'ssafetoassumebabiesdonothavenightmares,either.Nightmaresstemfromexposuretotrauma(創(chuàng)傷),anoveractiveimagination,andthenormalstressesofeverydaylife.Areyouwondering,whatdobabiesdreamabout?Goodquestion,buttheanswerisnothing!So,whendobabiesstartdreaming?Thegeneralconsensusisthattheystartdreamingaroundtheageoftwo.PsychologistDavidFoulkesstudieschildren(fromverysmallkidstoteens)tobringthesecretsoftheirdreamstothelightofday.Inhislab,heletskidsfallasleepandthenwakesthem3timesanightandasksthemtodescribewhattheyrecall.Foulkes'findingsareunsurprising.Basically,littlekidshavelittledreams.Butexactlywhatkidsseewhiledreamingdependsontheirage.Aschildrendevelopandgrow,theirdreamsdotoo.Dreamsofverysmallkidsareusuallyjustsnapshots(快照),lookingmuchmorelikeaslideshowthanamovie,whencomparedtothedreamsofadults.Theyheavilyfeatureanimalsandotherfamiliarsights,likeimagesofpeopleeating.AccordingtoFoulkes,"Children'sdreamlife...seemstobesimilartotheirwakingimaginationandnarration."Kidsages5-9beginseeingmovingimagesandcharactersinaction.Dreamsnowincludemultipleeventsstrungtogether,oneaftertheother.Theyalsostartdevelopinggreaterabilitytorememberdreams.Still,that'snotalwaysthecase:WhenrousedduringREMsleep,25%ofthekidsinFoulkes'studieshadnorecollectionofdreaming,atrendthatcontinuesthroughage9.So,ifyourbabyseemstobeinastressfulstatewhilesleepingorisupsetuponwaking,theremaybeotherfactorsatplay.51.WhatdoscientiststhinkofREM?A)Itisasignofdreaminginadultsandinfantsalike.B)Itisessentialtohumanbeings'languagelearning.C)Itdeterminestheformationofconnectionsinthebrain.D)Itperformsadifferentfunctioninbabiesthaninadults.52.Whatcanweinferaboutnightmaresfromthepassage?A)Theyoccurofteninpeoplewithanactiveimagination.B)Theyoccurinpeoplesufferingfromemotionalstress.C)Theyvaryindifferentstagesofbraindevelopment.D)Theyappearinthesleepofbothadultsandinfants.53.WhatistheaimofpsychologistDavidFoulkes'study?A)Torevealthesecretsofchildren'sdreams.B)Toseeifchildrenstartdreamingatagetwo.C)Tosolvethemysteryofdreamingandbraingrowth.D)Toconfirmthegeneralconsensusonwhenkidsdream.54.WhatareFoulkes'findingsaboutkids'dreams?A)Theyfeaturestrangeanimals.B)Theyareunsurprisingtoadults.C)Theygrowandevolvewithage.D)Theyreflectkids'wakinglife.55.Whatcanweassumeaboutbabieswhoappearupsetuponwaking?A)Theyhavebeenrousedagainsttheirwill.B)Theyhavebeendisturbedbyanightmare.C)Theyhavetroublerecollectingtheimagesoftheirdreams.D)Theyhavebeenaffectedbysomethingotherthandreaming.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.近年來(lái)，中國(guó)政府高度重視民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)（pr