專題二:冠詞總法語考中復(fù)習(xí)冠詞(article)位于名詞之前，用來幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物的一種虛詞。它不能離開名詞而單獨(dú)使用，不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任任何句子成分，只能附著在一個(gè)名詞上，幫助說明其詞義。冠詞分為不定冠詞（a和an）和定冠詞（the）兩種。在一些特定情況下，名詞前不用冠詞稱之為零冠詞。

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詞(article)0302不定冠詞a/an01零冠詞定冠詞the考點(diǎn)一

不定冠詞a,an一、不定冠詞用法示例a用在輔音音素前，an用在元音音素前Thereisarivernearourschool.Remembertotakeanumbrellawithyou.用于敘述第一次提到的人或物的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前Thisisatable.泛指人或事物的某一類別，以區(qū)別于其他種類Aelephantismuchstrongerthanaman.表示某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)HeisateacherofEnglish.一、不定冠詞用法示例表示數(shù)量中的“一”，意義上接近one，但數(shù)量概念比one弱Iwanttobuyadictionary.(強(qiáng)調(diào)種類)Iwanttobuyonedictionary.(強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量)用在重量、長度、時(shí)間等單位名詞前，表示單位數(shù)量的“每一”相當(dāng)于every/perTakethemedicinethreetimesaday.用于某些不可數(shù)名詞前表示數(shù)量“一次；一陣；一份；一類”等Therewasaheavyraininourcitylastnight.用在序數(shù)詞前表示“又一、再一”的意思Youcantryitasecondtimeifyoufail.一、不定冠詞用法示例用在such,quite,rather,half等詞后或what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中Whatabeautifulhouse!用于人名前，表示說話者不認(rèn)識(shí)的人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人There’saMrs.Greentoseeyou.用于物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前adreamanexperience用于固定短語中havealook，alotof，haveagoodtime，alittle，afew，apairof，halfanhour一、不定冠詞1.Iwanttobe_______scientistlikeQianXuesenwhenIgrowup.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/2.So,hedecidedtomake________unexpectedvisittohisfriend.A．a(chǎn)B．a(chǎn)nC．theD．/3.Itiswell-knowntoallthatEnglishis________usefullanguage.A.aB.anC.theD./4.—What__________coldweather!—Yes.Butit’s__________unusualexperienceforus;wenormallyliveinahotplace.A./;a B.a;an C./;anABAC不定冠詞(a,an)的區(qū)別a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，均表示“一”，卻各有不同。(1)a+輔音音素開頭的單詞。例：agoodidea,aheavyrain,aone-year-oldbaby,ausefulbook,aEuropeancountry,aCD(2)an+元音音素開頭的單詞。例：anidea,anumbrella,anoldhouse,ane-mail,anhonor,aneleven-year-oldgirl,anF一、不定冠詞判斷用a還是an，要根據(jù)首字母的讀音，而不是首字母。易錯(cuò)警示1.以元音字母開頭的用a的?？紗卧~；one,useful,Europe,UFO,university2.以輔音字母開頭的用an的?？紗卧~。honest,hour,honor一、不定冠詞

honestboy

uncomfortablebed

Europeancountry

expensivecar

usualwayananaana

invitation

differentway

8-year-oldboy

orange

letteranaanana一、不定冠詞anumberof 大量

a

few/little/bit(of) 少數(shù)，一點(diǎn)兒quitea

few 相當(dāng)多，不少

agreatmany 很多asaresult 結(jié)果，因此 for

a

while 一會(huì)兒havea

try 試一試 halfanhour 半小時(shí)havearest 休息 havea

cold 感冒haveagoodtime 玩的開心 inahurry 匆忙inamess 混亂 inaword 總之manya

許多 givesb.ahand 幫助某人cometoanend 結(jié)束 onceupona

time 從前inaloudvoice 大聲地含有不定冠詞(a,an)的固定搭配考點(diǎn)二

定冠詞the二、定冠詞用法示例特指某人或某物或談話雙方都知道的人或物Openthewindow,please.指上文已提及的人或物Ihaveacar.Thecariswhite.用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前以及表示江河湖海、山脈群島的名詞前theearth,thesky,

theYellowRiver,

theHimalayas用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前或形容詞、分詞前，表示一類人或事物Thericharenotalwayshappierthanthepoor.二、定冠詞用法示例用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示“一家人”或“夫妻倆”TheGreensarewatchingTV.用在序數(shù)詞及形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)之前；用在對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)的比較級(jí)前，起特指作用Itisthesecondtallestbuildingintheworld.用于樂器名詞之前playtheguitar,playthepiano用在普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前theGreatWall,thePalaceMuseum二、定冠詞用法示例用在表示具體的地點(diǎn)、方位、時(shí)間前inthenorth,intheafternoon用在next,last,same,only等詞前；用在年代前thenexttime,inthe1990s用于“動(dòng)詞＋人＋介詞＋the＋人體部位”結(jié)構(gòu)中FatherknockedBobonthehead.

用于“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.用在某些固定搭配中bytheway,intheend,allthetimethenumberof ……的數(shù)量inthedaytime 在白天intheend 最后 allthetime 一直atthesametime 同時(shí) bytheway 順便說一下intheopenair 在戶外 attheageof 在……歲時(shí)atthebeginningof 在……開始時(shí)

on

theway在路上ontheotherhand 另一方面 inthemiddleof 在……中間atthemoment 現(xiàn)在 allthesame 仍然inthefrontof 在……(內(nèi)部)的前面thedaybeforeyesterday前天二、定冠詞含有the的固定短語易錯(cuò)警示“the+形容詞”表示一類人作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)?！皌he+形容詞”表示事物或抽象概念作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。二、定冠詞Therichgetricherandricher.Thenewistotakeplaceoftheold.(1)what/such/quite+a/an+adj.+n.“多么/這么/相當(dāng)……的……”。Whataheavyrainitis!Hehasneverbeentoldsuchascarystory.Itisquitealongwaytowalk.(2)how/so/too+adj.+a/an+n.“多么/如此/太……的……”。Howniceadayitis!Heissokindamanthathehelpsusalot.It’stoodifficultaproblemtosolve.(3)all/half/both/double+the+n.“所有/一半/都/兩倍數(shù)量的……”Look!Allthestudentsaredoingsportsoutsidetheclassroomnow.BoththegirlscomefromClass1,Grade2.二、定冠詞感嘆句、倒裝句中冠詞的用法1.Beijing,________capitalofChina,is________citywithalonghistory.A．/;the B．a(chǎn);the C．the;a2.Thereis________Americanboyinourclassand________boycanspeakgoodChinese.A.an;the B.an;an C.a;the3.Weusuallygoto_______schoolonweekdays,andsometimesgoto_______cinemaatweekends.A./;the B.the;theC.the;/4.Youmiss________“s”in________word“discuss”.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn)n;a C．a(chǎn)n;the D．a(chǎn);the二、定冠詞CAAC5._______storyofChang’eisregardedasatouchingtraditionalfolkstoryabouttheMid-AutumnFestival.A．AB．AnC．TheD．/6.—What________interestingbook!—Yes,________bookisreallyamazing.A．a(chǎn);an B．a(chǎn)n;the C．a(chǎn)n;a7.—What’s________matterwithyou,Jerry?—Ihaveaheadache.A．a(chǎn) B． C．the二、定冠詞CBC二、定冠詞BBDD8.What________goodadviceyou'vegivenmetokeephealthy!A．/B．a(chǎn)C．a(chǎn)nD．the9.—Doesyourteachergotoworkby________careveryday?—No.Heusuallytakes________bus.A．/;/ B．/;the C．a(chǎn);the D．the;a10.—Thephotomakesmethinkof________triptoHangzhoulastyear.—Yeah，wehad________greattimethere.A.a;/ B.an;theC.the;the D.the;a11.________enjoyableprojectitistobuildminirobotsfromrecycledmaterials!A．WhataB．WhatC．HowD．Whatan考點(diǎn)三

零

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詞三、零冠詞用法示例物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞前Chinaisaverylargecountry.Manneedsairandwater.季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日等名詞前NewtermbeginsinSeptember.June1isChildren’sDay.不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞表泛指Theyareteachers.Redisherfavoritecolor.學(xué)科（語言），球類，三餐前，電視，棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)前havelunch/breakfast/super/dinnerwatchTV,playfootballplaychess,speakEnglish民族節(jié)日前要加the如：theSpringFestival三、零冠詞用法示例by+交通工具名稱HisfatherwenttoworkbybusonSunday.bycar;byplane/air;bytrain;byship/sea/boat某些專有名詞(如稱呼、人名、地名、街道名、城市名、國家名等)，頭銜職務(wù)前ThisisProfessorLi,headmasterofNo.9HighSchool.ShereplacedJaneasManagingDirector.名詞前已有指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格等修飾時(shí)Everystudentlikeshistoryinourclass.MissZhangisourEnglishteacher.用在某些固定搭配中introuble;atlast;afterschool;atnight;ontime;forexample;insurpriseinsurprise驚奇地 onfoot步行 onholiday在度假atfirst起初 athome在家 atlast最后atnight最后 atwork在工作中 bymistake錯(cuò)誤地forexample例如 sidebyside肩并肩 daybyday一天天byaccident意外地 frombeginningtoend自始至終dayandnight日日夜夜 facetoface面對(duì)面handinhand手拉手 husbandandwife夫妻learnbyheart牢記 infact事實(shí)上indanger危險(xiǎn)中

onearth究竟三、零冠詞零冠詞固定短語有定冠詞和無定冠詞的區(qū)別三、零冠詞inhospital(因病)住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院(不一定是病人)attable在吃飯atthetable在桌子旁邊gotoschool(學(xué)生)去上學(xué)gototheschool去學(xué)校(做別的事)gotobed睡覺gotothebed到床上去inclass在上課intheclass在班級(jí)里infrontof在……(外部的)前面inthefrontof在……(內(nèi)部的)前面bysea乘船bythesea在海邊有定冠詞和無定冠詞的區(qū)別三、零冠詞inchurch在做禮拜inthechurch在教堂里onearth究竟，在世上ontheearth在地球上beinchargeof負(fù)責(zé)……beinthechargeof由……負(fù)責(zé)inoffice執(zhí)政intheoffice在辦公室inplaceof代替intheplaceof在……地方outofquestion不成問題outofthequestion毫無可能的易錯(cuò)警示外國節(jié)日名詞前不加冠詞，中國含有festival的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前要加the。theSpringFestival,theDragonBoatFestival,Mother'sDay,LaborDay三、零冠詞1.—Shallweplay________footballthisafternoon?—Goodidea!Doyouhave________football?A．the;a B．a(chǎn);a C．/;/ D．/;a2.TheboysaregoingtotakepartintheCityGames________thiscomingSunday.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．/ D．the3.________ladyoverthereis________universityprofessor.A．A,the B．The,an C．The,a D．The,the4.Peopledidnotonlypasssilkalong________SilkRoad.A．a(chǎn)B．a(chǎn)nC．theD