第十一章普外科答案DialogueInterpretingDoctor:現(xiàn)在，奧斯汀太太，我們需要填寫一些入院表格，所以我請(qǐng)了口譯員來(lái)幫我們。Woman:Thankyou.Doctor:首先，請(qǐng)告訴我您的姓怎么拼寫？Woman:A-U-S-T-E-N.Doctor:現(xiàn)在，你是單身、已婚、喪偶、離婚，還是分居？Woman:Married.Doctor:您多大年紀(jì)？Woman:39.Doctor:您的出生日期是？Woman:July6th,1986.Doctor:您的住址？Woman:16LawrenceStreet,Bankstown,Sydney.Doctor:您知道郵政編碼嗎？Woman:Yes,2008.Doctor:請(qǐng)告訴我您的電話號(hào)碼？Woman:Sure,3463753.Doctor:你是否有私人醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)？Woman:No.MedicareOnly.Doctor:好的。您帶著醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)卡了嗎？Woman:Yes.Doctor:很好，請(qǐng)先把卡給我……謝謝。那么，您的直系親屬是誰(shuí)？Woman:Myhusband.Doctor:他和您住在同一地址嗎？Woman:Yes.Doctor:他在工作時(shí)能接電話嗎？Woman:Notoften,buthiscompanycanpassonmessagesifneeded.Idon’trememberthecompany’snumber.ThecompanynameisAtlasJoinery,andtheaddressis2453NowraStreet,Campsie.Doctor:好的，這就夠了?，F(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)上體重秤……好的，謝謝。您對(duì)什么過(guò)敏嗎？Woman:Noallergies.Doctor:你以前做過(guò)手術(shù)嗎？Woman:No,never.Doctor:有過(guò)嚴(yán)重疾病嗎？Woman:No,justcommonchildhoodillnesseslikemeasles,chickenpox,andmumps.Doctor:嗯，那些不算嚴(yán)重。您目前在服用什么藥物嗎？Woman:No.Doctor:現(xiàn)在，我要測(cè)一下您的體溫和血壓……很好，一切正常。稍后我會(huì)請(qǐng)護(hù)士帶您去洗手間。我們需要取尿樣進(jìn)行化驗(yàn)，您需要使用尿杯，護(hù)士會(huì)告訴您怎么做。..........................................................Awhilelater...........................................................Woman:Yes.I’msorry,Icouldn’turinatemuch.Doctor:這沒(méi)關(guān)系。那么，您知道接下來(lái)要進(jìn)行什么嗎？Woman:No,Idon’t.Doctor:今晚麻醉師可能會(huì)來(lái)看您。他可能會(huì)像我剛才一樣檢查您的血壓，并詢問(wèn)您是否有過(guò)敏史。然后明天早上，在手術(shù)前大約一個(gè)小時(shí)，他會(huì)給您打一針。這會(huì)讓您感到昏昏欲睡，口干。等您回過(guò)神來(lái)，手術(shù)就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。Woman:Howlongwillittake?Doctor:哦，不會(huì)太久。子宮刮宮術(shù)是一個(gè)相對(duì)較小的手術(shù)。但您可能會(huì)一整天都感到有些困倦。嗯，我想這些就夠了。我會(huì)叫護(hù)士來(lái)幫您收好隨身物品，并登記您的衣物和貴重物品。好嗎？如果您需要幫助，不要猶豫，隨時(shí)告訴我們。Woman:Allright,thankyou,doctor.Consecutive/SimultaneousInterpretingPassageOne外科手術(shù)的未來(lái)：人工智能（AI）在手術(shù)室及其之外的下一步發(fā)展下午好，各位！今天我想談一件真正令人振奮的事情——外科手術(shù)的未來(lái)，尤其是人工智能（AI）將在其中發(fā)揮的作用。隨著科技的不斷進(jìn)步，我們可以看到，AI正在越來(lái)越多地參與到手術(shù)的每一個(gè)階段——術(shù)前、術(shù)中以及術(shù)后。讓我們先來(lái)想象一下不久的將來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子。首先，患者可能會(huì)通過(guò)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序直接上傳他們的術(shù)前數(shù)據(jù)到電子病歷系統(tǒng)中。這意味著外科醫(yī)生將能夠獲取更詳細(xì)、更加個(gè)性化的患者信息，從而在制定手術(shù)計(jì)劃時(shí)做出更明智的決策。借助這些數(shù)據(jù)，醫(yī)生可以更好地了解每位患者的個(gè)體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，從而在手術(shù)和術(shù)后護(hù)理中采取更有針對(duì)性的方案。接下來(lái)，在手術(shù)過(guò)程中，AI將發(fā)揮更加主動(dòng)的作用。外科醫(yī)生將能夠基于實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)作出決策，比如手術(shù)視頻、生命體征、器械追蹤等信息，所有這些都由人工智能系統(tǒng)支持。通過(guò)對(duì)這些信息的綜合分析，醫(yī)生能夠?qū)崟r(shí)避免并發(fā)癥，使手術(shù)過(guò)程更加安全和精準(zhǔn)。這幾乎就像在手術(shù)室里有一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)極其豐富的助手，時(shí)刻在預(yù)測(cè)接下來(lái)可能發(fā)生的情況。最后，AI在手術(shù)后階段仍將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮作用。通過(guò)整合術(shù)前、術(shù)中和術(shù)后的全部數(shù)據(jù)，外科醫(yī)生將能夠更清晰地了解患者的恢復(fù)情況。未來(lái)，我們甚至可能會(huì)看到患者通過(guò)個(gè)人設(shè)備跟蹤自己的康復(fù)進(jìn)展，使醫(yī)生能夠更加密切地監(jiān)測(cè)他們的健康狀況。這種持續(xù)的監(jiān)測(cè)意味著我們可以在問(wèn)題變得嚴(yán)重之前提前發(fā)現(xiàn)并處理，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)更加以患者為中心的護(hù)理模式。因此，正如你所看到的，AI不僅僅是未來(lái)的工具——它正在成為改變外科手術(shù)格局的關(guān)鍵力量。它讓手術(shù)變得更安全、更高效，也更加個(gè)性化。改善治療結(jié)果的潛力是巨大的，令人無(wú)比期待人工智能技術(shù)在未來(lái)幾年將帶領(lǐng)我們走向怎樣的高度。謝謝大家！PassageTwoTraditionalChineseMedicineforTreatingHemorrhoidsWhenitcomestoChineseproductsthathavebecomepopularoverseas,hemorrhoidointmentisdefinitelyamongthetop.It’ssafetosaythattraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)hasgainedthetrustof“hemorrhoidfriends”bothinChinaandabroad.Today,I’dliketointroducehowTCMunderstandshemorrhoids,theharmtheycancause,andtheadvantagesofTCMtreatment.Inancienttimes,theterm“zhi”meant“protrusion.”AccordingtoTCMtheory,anysmallprotrusiononthebody’ssurfacecouldbereferredtoas“zhi.”Nowadays,itmainlyreferstoanalhemorrhoids—protrudingtissuearoundtheanus,traditionallyknownas“hemorrhoids.”TheYellowEmperor’sInnerCanon(HuangdiNeijing)recordsthathemorrhoidsareformedduetooverindulgenceinfoodanddrink,whichdamagesthedigestivesystem,orduetochronicdiarrheaorexcessivebleeding,whichleadstopoorcirculationofqiandblood—eventuallyresultinginhemorrhoids.FromtheperspectiveofTCMetiology,thedevelopmentofhemorrhoidsiscloselyrelatedtodietandlifestyle.Asweallknow,hemorrhoidscanaffectpeople’sdailylivesandworktovaryingdegrees.Persistentpaincaninterferewithsleep,andrepeatedprolapsemaycausesecondarycomplicationssuchasinfectionorperianaldisorders.Themostsignificantharm,however,isbleeding.Ifbleedingoccursrepeatedlyandremainsuncontrolledoveralongperiod,thepatientmayenterachronicbleedingstate,eventuallyleadingtoanemia.Theincidenceofhemorrhoidsisextremelyhigh,butmostpatientsshownosymptoms.Asymptomatichemorrhoidsgenerallydonotrequiretreatment.Forthosethatdo,TCMoffersremarkableadvantages,particularlyinitswiderangeofexternaltreatments.Theseincludesuppositories,topicalointments,herbalsteaming,acupuncture,prickingtherapy,ligationtherapy,andinjectiontherapy.Thesemethodsshouldbeselectedandappliedunderadoctor’sguidance.Forpatientswhocannotvisitahospitalintime,over-the-counterointmentsorsuppositoriesfrompharmaciescanbeusedtemporarilytorelievesymptoms.Ladiesandgentlemen,althoughhemorrhoidsarecommon,theyshouldnotbetakenlightly.Throughsyndromedifferentiationanddiverseexternaltreatmentmethods,TCMprovidespatientswithpracticalandeffectivetherapeuticoptions.However,moreimportantly,maintainingahealthy