DigestiveSystemCanyouenjoyyourlifewithoutyourdigestivesystem?CharacteristicsofDigestiveSystemTakinginenergysources Digestionenergy

tissue absorption wasteNumerousorgansIndiretlycontactwithoutsideenvironment

Food→

Pathogenicfactors→ (physical,chemical,microbial)CommonLesions

inflammation Ulcer bleeding perforation neoplasm functionaldisturbancesinflammationerosionulcer

bleedingperforationtumorCharacteristicsofDigestiveSystemNotonlyadigestiveorganbutalsoendocrineorgan pancreas gastrin glucagon somatostatin

VIP insulinCharacteristicsofDigestiveSystem

Immuneorgan

mucosa.submucosa lymhaticsystem LiverUniqueneurologicsystem

vagus

sympathetic mesentericplexusRelationwithothersystems

Diseases

SymptomEsophagusinflammation dysphagia,heartburn

cancer

achalasia

GERDStomachinflammation upperabdominaldiscomfort ulcer

pain,anorexia,acidreflux cancer nausea,vomitting,hematemesis

functionaldyspepsia melenaSmallintestine inflammationpericembilicalpain(bacterial,virusT.B) distentiondiarrhea bleeding,necrosis malabsorption

ulcer.(Crohn’s) cancer(rare)Colon inflammation

abdominalpain(lateral) (dysentry,nonspecific) constipationdiarrhea ulcer hematochezia

cancer

Disease

SymptomLiver inflammation hepaticareadiscomfort (hepatitisabcess)

pain.hepatomegaly

cirrhosis tenderness,jaundice cancer portalhypertensionBiliarytract

colicky inflammationjaundice stone,parasite,tumor

Disease

Symptompancreasinflammation upperabdominalpain cancer jaundice

malabsorptionPeritonealmesenteric abdominalpain inflammation tenderness (T.B) ascites

cancer(metastatic)Diagnosis&differentialDiagnosisHistory mainsymptoms:pain(example) site,timeandmodeofonset frequencyandduration.character severity,radiation,aggravatingfactors relievingfactorsDiagnosis&differentialDiagnosisSigns: inspection→auscultation→percussion→palpation

organ?Mass? abdominalwall?Inabdomen?

youpalpateliver? or Liverpalpateyou?digitalrectalexaminationOtherExaninations

blood:livertest.(TB.CB.ALT.AST.A.G.ALP.PT) liverfunctiontest. virusmarkers(hepatitis.ABCDE.etc) tumormarkers(CEA,CA19-9,CA125…) feces:routine,occultblood.parasites XRay:plainfilm bariummealexamination bariumenema PTCD ERCP radio-Angiogram,DSABiopsy:mucosa.Liver,pancreasCTEndoscopy(Diagnosis&treatment) Canreachalmostalllumeneofdigestivetract,capsuleendoscopeUltrasonography:endoscopicultrasonographyIsotopeexaminationbiliaryexcretion gastricemptying

13c.14c-UBTMRI:MRCPPETProgressinthediagnosisandtreatmentofdigestivediseaseMedicaltreatmentofpepticulcer(H2RAPPI)Bleedingofgastrointestinaltract

endoscopyPathogenesisandtreatmentofgastrointestinalmotilitydisorder(FD,IBS…)ExperimentalandclinicalstudyinhepaticfibrosisThetreatmentofportalhypertension(medical,endoscopy)ArtificialliversupportsystemMARSLivertransplantationDiagnosisandtrea