房屋建筑施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化

做法實(shí)施圖集(試行)山東港灣建設(shè)集團(tuán)有限公司城建分公司施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集前言

為全面貫徹落實(shí)港灣建設(shè)集團(tuán)“雙提升”活動(dòng)要求，加強(qiáng)技術(shù)質(zhì)量體系標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，安全技術(shù)部整合現(xiàn)有資源，結(jié)合分公司實(shí)際情況，編制了《房屋建筑施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集匯編》，形成具有分公司特色的施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化作業(yè)圖集，規(guī)范提升分公司的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化作業(yè)水平。

該匯編以規(guī)范化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，力求統(tǒng)一性和可操作性，以實(shí)際工程中細(xì)部節(jié)點(diǎn)的典型做法為編寫原則進(jìn)行編寫，內(nèi)容共包括模板工程、鋼筋工程、混凝土工程、砌體工程、裝飾裝修工程、防水（防滲）工程、屋面工程、安裝工程八大部分。旨在突出現(xiàn)有國(guó)家規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中未表述或表述不清的典型做法，以及分公司所總結(jié)的具有很強(qiáng)實(shí)操性、可靠性、通用性的工藝做法。

由于時(shí)間倉(cāng)促，編者水平有限，不妥之處懇請(qǐng)各單位在使用的過程中進(jìn)行批評(píng)指正，我們收集反饋意見后，將及時(shí)修訂完善，切切實(shí)實(shí)達(dá)到施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施編制的初衷。施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集目錄第一章

模板工程1、柱模板放線及加固···········································································································································································22、墻板模板加固···················································································································································································33、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層梁、板加固體系···································································································································································44、梁柱接頭處理···················································································································································································55、剪力墻接茬處理···············································································································································································66、模板驗(yàn)收···························································································································································································77、樓梯模板加固···················································································································································································88、降板模板加固···················································································································································································99、樓板后澆帶······················································································································································································10第二章

鋼筋工程1、柱鋼筋綁扎······················································································································································································122、剪力墻鋼筋綁扎··············································································································································································133、樓板鋼筋綁扎·················································································································································································144、鋼筋直螺紋加工·············································································································································································155、鋼筋直螺紋驗(yàn)收·············································································································································································166、鋼筋成品保護(hù)·················································································································································································17第三章

混凝土工程1、混凝土澆筑······················································································································································································19施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集目錄2、混凝土止水臺(tái)··················································································································································································203、混凝土施工縫處理··········································································································································································214、試塊制作及養(yǎng)護(hù)··············································································································································································225、混凝土成型質(zhì)量··············································································································································································236、混凝土實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量··············································································································································································247、混凝土成品保護(hù)··············································································································································································25第四章

砌塊工程1、

構(gòu)造柱節(jié)點(diǎn)·····················································································································································································272、墻面線槽開槽及修補(bǔ)······································································································································································283、預(yù)制構(gòu)件··························································································································································································294、砌筑實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量··················································································································································································30第五章

裝飾裝修工程1、抹灰基層處理··················································································································································································322、外窗企口··························································································································································································333、抹灰實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量··················································································································································································344、外墻施工··························································································································································································355、吊頂施工··························································································································································································36施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集目錄第六章

防水（防滲）工程1、外墻穿墻管道防滲漏·····································································································································································382、套管預(yù)埋防滲漏·············································································································································································393、門窗塞縫防滲漏·············································································································································································404、女兒墻防水收頭·············································································································································································415、出屋面管道收頭做法·····································································································································································426、止水螺栓處防水做法·····································································································································································437、止水鋼板節(jié)點(diǎn)·················································································································································································448、防水試驗(yàn)·························································································································································································45第七章

屋面工程1、出屋面結(jié)構(gòu)做法············································································································································································472、屋面變形縫做法············································································································································································483、暗埋式排氣孔做法········································································································································································49第八章

安裝工程1、屋面避雷帶安裝·············································································································································································512、橋架安裝要求·················································································································································································523、設(shè)備及通風(fēng)消防安裝·····································································································································································53施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程1第一章

模板工程施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：柱模板放線及加固圖示1、混凝土澆筑完畢后，在混凝土終凝后安排專人對(duì)墻柱進(jìn)行鑿毛。2、施工測(cè)量人員測(cè)放控制線完畢后，由質(zhì)檢人員復(fù)測(cè)，檢查鋼筋偏位情況。3、根據(jù)定位控制線放出

200mm

模板控制線。4、最后放出模板定位線。5、杜絕雜物入模，并嚴(yán)禁在操作層上設(shè)置木作臺(tái)鋸進(jìn)行模板加工?？蚣苤ㄎ豢蚣苤０辶⒚嬷＜庸虒?shí)體2施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：墻板模板加固1、模板加固要求編制專項(xiàng)施工方案，計(jì)算模板螺桿的加固間距。螺桿、螺帽及

3

型卡要配套使用。2、支撐體系不得采用扣件支承荷載，應(yīng)在立桿頂面設(shè)置可調(diào)托座（頂托）直接傳力。3、為防止墻柱漏漿爛根、脹模，墻柱底部采用角鋼封堵。墻模板模擬圖豎向模板底部角鋼封堵3圖示墻模板實(shí)物圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層梁、板加固體系1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層模板支撐必須編制專項(xiàng)施工方案。2、立桿間距、橫桿步距、剪刀撐、掃地桿、頂托等必須按照方案執(zhí)行；立桿下必須設(shè)置墊塊，墊塊的厚度不小于50mm，邊長(zhǎng)不小于200mm。3、梁底可調(diào)托座（頂托）與鋼管立桿交接處應(yīng)設(shè)置橫向水平桿，托座（頂托）距離水平桿的高度不應(yīng)大于200mm。梁寬超過400mm時(shí)，梁底應(yīng)增設(shè)立桿，并不得采用單立桿，應(yīng)至少設(shè)置雙立桿及以上立桿。梁高超過550mm應(yīng)采用對(duì)拉螺桿加固，縱橫間距不大于500mm。4、統(tǒng)一要求使用盤扣式腳手架。盤扣腳手架支撐實(shí)物圖4圖示盤扣腳手架支撐實(shí)物圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：梁柱接頭處理1、梁柱接頭部位，柱模板必須整板套割，由四塊開豁口模板組成，下包

600-800mm，確?；炷脸尚唾|(zhì)量。梁柱接頭模板模擬圖梁柱接頭模板實(shí)物圖5圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：剪力墻接茬處理1、在下層混凝土澆筑時(shí)注意預(yù)留保護(hù)好最上排螺桿眼，用于固定上層剪力墻模板。2、下層剪力墻模板最上排螺桿布置在距混凝土樓板下表面下

50mm

處。3、下層外模板拆除，注意避免最上排螺桿斷裂在螺桿眼中無法取出。4、上層墻板的支設(shè)時(shí)，外側(cè)次龍骨木方向下部延伸，利用原混凝土最上排螺桿眼穿螺桿鎖住木方及模板，避免漏漿。5、施工層外墻模板合模之前，用海綿條沿外墻邊粘貼一圈。6預(yù)埋應(yīng)用模擬圖節(jié)點(diǎn)圖接茬部位效果圖圖示接茬部位效果圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：模板驗(yàn)收1、模板搭設(shè)完畢必須由項(xiàng)目施工員/技術(shù)員進(jìn)行驗(yàn)收。2、檢查垂直度前首先對(duì)其控制線進(jìn)行復(fù)核，在進(jìn)行垂直度檢查。3、驗(yàn)收模板平整度、板縫、標(biāo)高、螺桿間距及螺帽緊固力矩、墻柱底部是否干凈及根部是否采用角鋼封堵等。7圖示模板檢查驗(yàn)收表樓層面板安裝圖樓層墻板安裝圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：樓梯模板加固1、模板應(yīng)每層清理干凈，涂刷脫模劑。2、模板拼裝接縫需嚴(yán)密，并留設(shè)清掃口。3、敞開式樓梯踏步模板固定木方不少于兩排。4、樓梯踏步板施工縫應(yīng)留置在上三步處，截面垂直與斜板模板，縫封口模板寬度80-100mm。

5、為保證混凝土成型質(zhì)量，當(dāng)樓梯模板為封閉式模板時(shí)應(yīng)留設(shè)振搗口及排氣孔。8封閉式樓梯模板清掃口留設(shè)圖示上返三步處施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：降板模板加固1、采用方管+木模板組裝的定型化模板支撐。2、在龍骨側(cè)立面和底面固定一條竹膠板，底面的固定在方管上，側(cè)面的采用鐵絲固定。3、拆模時(shí)將鐵絲剪斷，將側(cè)面模板留下，其余周轉(zhuǎn)使用。9定型化模板實(shí)物圖定型化模板實(shí)物圖圖示拆模效果施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?模板工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：樓板后澆帶1、后澆帶的支撐體系必須單獨(dú)設(shè)置，與主體結(jié)構(gòu)支架分離，在主體結(jié)構(gòu)支架拆除時(shí)保留，在后澆帶施工完畢，強(qiáng)度達(dá)到100%后，方可拆除。嚴(yán)禁拆除后回頂。2、后澆帶模板支設(shè)時(shí)，在后澆帶模板兩側(cè)沿長(zhǎng)向各通長(zhǎng)設(shè)置一100mm

寬活動(dòng)模板，形成兩道清掃口。5、兩側(cè)混凝土澆筑完畢后應(yīng)及時(shí)設(shè)置防護(hù)蓋板，封閉保護(hù)。后澆帶支撐實(shí)物圖清掃口與蓋板示意圖10圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程第二章

鋼筋工程11施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：柱鋼筋綁扎1、柱鋼筋尺寸定位采用制作的柱筋定位框的方式進(jìn)行，定位卡鋼筋中心間距為定位鋼筋直徑加卡筋直徑加3mm。2、當(dāng)柱截面尺≤700mm×700mm時(shí)，采用Ⅰ型柱筋間距控制；當(dāng)柱截面尺寸700—1200mm時(shí)，采用Ⅱ型柱筋間距控制；當(dāng)大1200mm時(shí)，應(yīng)對(duì)定位框剛度進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)核算確定。

12Ⅰ型柱筋間距控制示意圖Ⅱ型柱筋間距控制示意圖柱鋼筋定位實(shí)例圖1柱鋼筋定位實(shí)例圖2圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：剪力墻鋼筋綁扎圖示1、為避免剪力墻、柱鋼筋移位，要求至少設(shè)置兩道水平定位鋼筋。2、為保證豎向墻體筋的間距和排距及墻筋保護(hù)層厚度準(zhǔn)確，在每層墻體的上口

500mm~1000mm

處設(shè)置一道水平向梯子筋。3、水平梯子筋待樓層混凝土澆筑完成后，樓板達(dá)到1.2MPa后，方可拆下可重復(fù)使用。水平定位筋示意圖13水平梯子筋實(shí)物圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：樓板鋼筋綁扎1、為保證樓板鋼筋綁扎排布均勻，先進(jìn)行樓板鋼筋劃線。2、馬凳筋置于兩層鋼筋之間，底部做好防銹處理。3、筏板基礎(chǔ)、較厚樓板樓板可采用可分為工字形、幾字形鋼筋馬凳。4、馬凳設(shè)置間距宜為1.5m一道，呈梅花形布置。14馬鐙樣式示例圖鋼筋馬鐙樣式示例圖圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：鋼筋直螺紋加工

1、鋼筋切口的端面應(yīng)與軸線垂直，不得有馬蹄形或彎曲，應(yīng)采用砂輪切割機(jī)或用半圓型切割刀對(duì)鋼筋端部切平。2、直螺紋加工完成后使用止規(guī)、通規(guī)進(jìn)行抽查。3、檢驗(yàn)合格的絲頭應(yīng)加以保護(hù)，在其端頭加蓋保護(hù)帽，按規(guī)格分類堆放整齊。4、鋼筋直螺紋套筒采用管鉗與力矩扳手進(jìn)行施工，將兩個(gè)絲頭在套筒中間位置相互頂緊。15圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：鋼筋直螺紋驗(yàn)收1、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查直螺紋連接，連接充分?jǐn)Q緊，完畢后，兩端外露絲扣均等，不得超過2個(gè)完整絲扣。2、連接強(qiáng)度采用力矩扳手進(jìn)行檢查。3、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查完的直螺紋接頭應(yīng)做好區(qū)分，對(duì)于檢查合格的用黑色油性筆標(biāo)注，對(duì)于檢查不合格的用紅色油性筆標(biāo)注，不合格的直螺紋接頭整改合格后重新用黑色筆標(biāo)注。16驗(yàn)收的鋼筋做好標(biāo)記力矩扳手抽查驗(yàn)收力矩扳手圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?鋼筋工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：鋼筋成品保護(hù)1、嚴(yán)禁混凝土澆筑過程中踩踏鋼筋，必須采用鋼制馬道行走，馬凳尺寸為500×400mm，采用50×50mm方管焊接組裝，表面噴涂防銹漆。2、定型化人行通道可有效的保護(hù)已綁扎好的頂板鋼筋，同時(shí)方便作業(yè)人員行走、為施工提供便利，可周轉(zhuǎn)使用。17成品方管馬道圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程第三章

混凝土工程18施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土澆筑1、混凝土進(jìn)場(chǎng)后主要核對(duì)標(biāo)號(hào)，進(jìn)行塌落度試驗(yàn)。2、混凝土澆筑過程中，必須采用連續(xù)供料，防止出現(xiàn)冷縫。3、混凝土運(yùn)輸、輸送、澆筑過程中嚴(yán)禁加水；散落的混凝土嚴(yán)禁用于結(jié)構(gòu)澆筑。4、在第一次收面后，砼初凝前進(jìn)行第二次壓實(shí)，采用塑料布覆蓋養(yǎng)護(hù)。19刷毛覆膜薄膜覆蓋養(yǎng)護(hù)二次壓實(shí)圖示塌落度測(cè)量施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土止水臺(tái)1、有防水要求的房間樓板四周應(yīng)設(shè)現(xiàn)澆混凝土止水臺(tái)。2、混凝土止水臺(tái)高度不小于200mm，寬度與墻厚相同，且應(yīng)與樓板同時(shí)澆筑，振搗密實(shí)。3、在止水臺(tái)模板下面龍骨的底端預(yù)留一塊長(zhǎng)于龍骨2CM的竹膠板，為澆筑砼時(shí)找平使用。4、在加固模板時(shí)，加固用的模板/固定螺栓不得緊挨著頂面，以方便進(jìn)行混凝土壓光。5、水電班組在止水臺(tái)模板上預(yù)留線槽，要按圖紙要求預(yù)留，位置正確，且垂直。20止水臺(tái)模板支設(shè)實(shí)圖止水坎澆筑后實(shí)圖圖示止水臺(tái)模板支設(shè)實(shí)圖止水臺(tái)澆筑后實(shí)圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土施工縫處理1、混凝土達(dá)到1.2MPa

時(shí)方可進(jìn)行剔鑿，禁止提前剔鑿。2、水平施工縫：澆筑新混凝土之前，彈線切割后用鏨子剔除施工縫部分表面浮漿和松散的混凝土，并用清水清洗同時(shí)加以濕潤(rùn)，澆筑時(shí)，表面不得留有明水。3、豎向施工縫：應(yīng)對(duì)先施工混凝土進(jìn)行彈線并用切鋸切割10mm，再進(jìn)行鑿毛處理，用清水清洗同時(shí)加以濕潤(rùn)，新砼澆筑時(shí)，施工縫表面不得留有明水。21水平施工縫處理做法實(shí)例圖

豎向施工縫處理做法實(shí)例圖

水平施工縫處理做法圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：試塊制作及養(yǎng)護(hù)1、試塊制作：做好標(biāo)識(shí)，包括施工部位、強(qiáng)度等級(jí)、制作日期。2、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù)試塊應(yīng)送入標(biāo)養(yǎng)室/箱進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)且間距保持10mm-20mm，養(yǎng)護(hù)室/箱溫度控制在

20±2℃，濕度控制在95%以上。3、同條件試塊與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)同時(shí)進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)，放置在試塊籠里面，宜放置在每層樓面靠近樓梯的醒目位置。22圖示標(biāo)養(yǎng)室試塊存放同條件試塊存放砼試塊標(biāo)識(shí)施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土成型質(zhì)量1、混凝土構(gòu)件應(yīng)內(nèi)實(shí)外光、表面平整、棱角方正。2、墻板線條平整、無蜂窩麻面、無爛根、漲模。3、樓板表面平整、無腳印。23結(jié)構(gòu)柱混凝土觀感質(zhì)量梁、板混凝土觀感質(zhì)量剪力墻混凝土觀感質(zhì)量樓梯混凝土觀感質(zhì)量圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量241、混凝土澆筑完畢拆模后進(jìn)行實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量。2、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)詳實(shí)，填寫完整。3、統(tǒng)一實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、規(guī)范化。4、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量設(shè)置樣板間，樣板間宜設(shè)置在一層至三層。平整度測(cè)量示意垂直度測(cè)量示意圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：混凝土成品保護(hù)1、混凝土澆筑后在未達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度前禁止在樓板集中堆放模板、鋼管等集中荷載。2、結(jié)構(gòu)樓板禁止隨意開槽、開洞。3、混凝土模板拆除時(shí)注意保護(hù)陰陽(yáng)角，對(duì)柱角和剪力墻角進(jìn)行成品保護(hù)。4、結(jié)合項(xiàng)目特點(diǎn)，在通道口、樓梯口對(duì)其陽(yáng)角進(jìn)行保護(hù)。25墻、柱陽(yáng)角保護(hù)樓梯踏步保護(hù)圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?砌塊工程第四章

砌塊工程26施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?砌塊工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：構(gòu)造柱節(jié)點(diǎn)做法1、填充墻構(gòu)造柱兩側(cè)應(yīng)砌成馬牙槎，馬牙槎凹凸尺寸不宜小于60mm，高度不宜超過300mm，馬牙槎應(yīng)先退后進(jìn)，對(duì)稱砌筑。2、構(gòu)造柱支模前在兩側(cè)貼海綿條，底部用砂漿座漿，防止漏漿。3、模板加固采用對(duì)拉螺桿，對(duì)拉螺栓距離上下各

150mm，中間距離不大于

600mm。4、填充墻砌筑接近梁板底時(shí)，應(yīng)留一定空間（30-50mm），至少間隔7d后，再將其補(bǔ)砌擠緊。5、補(bǔ)砌時(shí)對(duì)雙側(cè)豎縫用干硬性C25膨脹細(xì)石混凝土填塞（防腐木楔@600mm擠緊）27圖示砌體工藝樣板圖砌體現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?砌塊工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：墻面線槽開槽及修補(bǔ)1、嚴(yán)禁水平切槽。

2、切槽前應(yīng)先彈線，保證邊緣整齊，線槽順直。

3、切槽深度應(yīng)保證管線埋設(shè)后距表面不小于20mm。且不得超過100mm。4、線槽寬度＜100mm的采用水泥砂漿填充，寬度≥100mm的采用細(xì)石混凝土填充。填充應(yīng)密實(shí)，表面抹平。5、填充之后線槽位置應(yīng)掛網(wǎng)加固，每邊寬出線槽至少

100mm。

28圖示墻面切槽實(shí)物線槽抹灰掛網(wǎng)墻面切槽樣板施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?砌塊工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：預(yù)制構(gòu)件1、二次結(jié)構(gòu)砌筑過程中，電箱、內(nèi)外墻空調(diào)預(yù)留洞口可提前預(yù)制構(gòu)件，與砌筑同步進(jìn)行安裝。2、預(yù)制混凝土塊強(qiáng)度等級(jí)

C20，為保證效果，需拆模、養(yǎng)護(hù)到滿足使用要求后方可用于砌筑。3、預(yù)制混凝土塊應(yīng)標(biāo)明內(nèi)外，以免砌墻時(shí)出錯(cuò)。29圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?砌塊工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：砌筑實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量30砌體墻平整度測(cè)量示意砌筑墻體垂直度測(cè)量示意1、砌筑完畢后進(jìn)行實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量。2、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)詳實(shí)，填寫完整。3、統(tǒng)一實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、規(guī)范化。4、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量設(shè)置樣板間，樣板間宜設(shè)置在一層至三層。圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程第五章

裝飾裝修工程31施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：抹灰基層處理1、抹灰前先將基層清理干凈，不同界質(zhì)之間掛好熱鍍鋅鋼絲網(wǎng)，每邊長(zhǎng)度不小于

100mm；2、先澆水濕潤(rùn)墻面，后甩漿。甩漿量不小于墻面面積的80%，確保甩漿均勻，毛刺明顯，甩漿后灑水養(yǎng)護(hù)至少2天。3、墻面根據(jù)面積大小貼灰餅，灰餅宜用

1:3

水泥砂漿做成

50mm

見方，間距一般為1.5~1.8

米。4、當(dāng)灰餅七成干時(shí)，可以采用相同強(qiáng)度的砂漿沖筋，寬度為

50mm，墻高小于

3.5

米，做立筋，大于

3.5

米，做橫筋，間距控制在

1.8米以內(nèi)。5、抹灰厚度超過

35mm要增設(shè)一道鋼絲網(wǎng)。32不同介質(zhì)鋼絲網(wǎng)甩漿灰餅圖示沖筋施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：外窗企口1、抹灰施工時(shí)，通過抹灰層厚度的控制做出窗下口部位的企口，企口高度為15-30mm。2、本做法除廚房、衛(wèi)生間、陽(yáng)臺(tái)外適合所有外墻窗口。3、企口施工由內(nèi)墻抹灰單位施工，窗外找坡部分由外墻抹灰單位施工。4、內(nèi)墻抹灰施工長(zhǎng)度需要根據(jù)項(xiàng)目實(shí)際情況，結(jié)合外墻保溫厚度進(jìn)行確定。33抹灰后企口圖圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：抹灰實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量34抹灰工程墻面平整度測(cè)量示意抹灰工程墻體垂直度測(cè)量示意1、抹灰成型后進(jìn)行實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量。2、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)詳實(shí)，填寫完整。3、統(tǒng)一實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量檢查表，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、規(guī)范化。4、實(shí)測(cè)實(shí)量設(shè)置樣板間，樣板間宜設(shè)置在一層至三層。圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：外墻施工1、外墻無保溫時(shí)，外窗外側(cè)上口宜采用成品滴水槽，滴水線流水坡度應(yīng)不小于5%，2、外墻有保溫時(shí)，外窗外側(cè)上口宜采用鷹嘴(上口保溫板可采用外厚內(nèi)薄的保溫線條)，嘴向下找坡不應(yīng)小于10%。3、外墻施工階段，外窗臺(tái)采用抗裂砂漿收口，向外找坡(坡度5%-10%)，然后進(jìn)行外墻面層施工。35圖示外窗上口鷹嘴做法外窗上口滴水槽做法外窗下口找坡做法施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?裝飾裝修工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：吊頂施工1、吊頂中各類終端設(shè)備口排列應(yīng)整體規(guī)劃，居中對(duì)稱，間距均勻，成行成線。2、當(dāng)?shù)蹴敳捎脡K材材料時(shí)（模數(shù)匹配），應(yīng)做到墻、地、頂面對(duì)縫。3、采用石膏板吊頂，吊頂與墻面接縫部位設(shè)凹槽連接，可有效解決接縫處裂縫現(xiàn)象。4、裝飾陽(yáng)角三線交于一點(diǎn)。36圖示三線交于一點(diǎn)墻、地、頂面對(duì)縫施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程第六章

防水（防滲）工程37施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：外墻穿墻管道防滲漏1、外墻為砌體時(shí)，為保證穿墻套管節(jié)點(diǎn)的防滲漏效果，在管道位置必須用預(yù)制混凝土塊代替砌塊。不得在砌體墻上直接開洞。2、預(yù)制混凝土塊強(qiáng)度等級(jí)C20，厚同墻厚，長(zhǎng)、寬減去套管尺寸后均不得小于200mm，并符合砌塊模數(shù)；預(yù)制混凝土塊時(shí)須預(yù)埋套管，套管材質(zhì)為金屬或塑料，套管應(yīng)內(nèi)高外低，長(zhǎng)度與裝修完成后墻厚，兩端與墻面齊平，預(yù)制混凝土塊應(yīng)標(biāo)明內(nèi)外，以免出錯(cuò)。3、對(duì)于小管徑管道，其套管管徑應(yīng)比管道管徑大兩個(gè)規(guī)格；對(duì)于大管徑管道，其套管管徑應(yīng)大于管道外徑50mm。4、管道與管道之間的縫隙應(yīng)用柔性阻燃材料密實(shí)填充，端部采用密封膠封閉嚴(yán)密，且端面應(yīng)光滑，管道接口不得設(shè)在套管內(nèi)。38圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集匯編?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：套管預(yù)埋防滲漏1、所有穿越地下室外墻的管道和管線及水池、屋面的管道均按剛性防水套管制作預(yù)埋，防水套管的規(guī)格要比實(shí)際管道的管徑大2-3號(hào)。2、穿越人防樓板、人防墻體及人防擴(kuò)散室等的管道、管線及測(cè)壓管等應(yīng)隨結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)埋密閉套管，套管的預(yù)埋高度要跟圖紙吻合。3、管道穿樓層處的鋼套管，高出地坪（完成面）20mm。4、排水管穿樓板使用成品止水節(jié)預(yù)埋套管，取代了傳統(tǒng)需要留洞,補(bǔ)洞（吊模）的復(fù)雜工序,完全解決了排水管安裝必留預(yù)留洞施工繁瑣的問題。安裝較為方便快捷,省工,省料。39套管穿普通房間（樓板）示意圖套管穿多水房間（樓板）示意圖現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用效果圖止水節(jié)預(yù)埋套管圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：門窗塞縫防滲漏1、清理窗與墻體連接之間縫隙，應(yīng)做到縫隙之間無木屑、碎磚頭、包裝紙等雜物，墻體基體表面應(yīng)做到平整，對(duì)存在的墻體孔洞進(jìn)行修復(fù)。2、窗下口及側(cè)下方300mm范圍內(nèi)塞縫采用1：2干硬性水泥砂漿填塞，加5%防水劑(沒有防水要求的門窗可不摻防水劑)：砂漿塞逢時(shí)，應(yīng)注意保證墻體基體為濕潤(rùn)，在填充時(shí)應(yīng)不斷進(jìn)行砂漿的壓實(shí)，以保證縫隙內(nèi)飽滿，不形成空鼓現(xiàn)象。3、窗上口及兩側(cè)邊剩余部分采用聚氨酯發(fā)泡膠塞縫，發(fā)泡膠施打必須連續(xù)、飽滿。40外窗四周縫隙填充示意圖窗下口塞縫做法圖示窗側(cè)/上口塞縫做法施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：女兒墻防水收頭1、防水卷材收頭高度位置，一律要求在墻面留設(shè)凹槽。2、鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)表面凹槽高60mm，深30mm；砌體表面凹槽高60mm，深60mm。3、防水卷材卷入凹槽內(nèi)，用金屬壓條及水泥釘固定，嵌上密封材料。4、對(duì)于高度較小的突出物，不能滿足防水卷材上卷高度的，可在突出物頂部平面上對(duì)卷材進(jìn)行收頭，卷材翻卷到平面的寬度≥100mm，用水泥釘和金屬壓條進(jìn)行固定。41圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：出屋面管道收頭做法1、卷材上返出屋面管道及設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)的高度≥250mm。2、屋面防水卷材外墻上返高度≥250mm，并采用金屬壓條及水泥釘固定。3、上返高度250mm為裝修做法層以上，防水卷材施工時(shí)需考慮后期裝修做法高度。42圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：止水螺栓處防水做法1、剔除塑料墊塊，割除多余螺桿將螺桿從凹的最深處割除。澆水濕潤(rùn)，清除孔內(nèi)雜物。2、用防水砂漿封堵內(nèi)外側(cè)螺桿孔凹槽，并壓實(shí)抹平。3、采用聚氨酯防水涂料進(jìn)行外墻螺桿孔涂刷，涂刷分3次進(jìn)行，第一遍為黑色，以螺桿孔中心涂刷160mm圓形狀，第二遍為白色，以螺桿孔中心涂刷100mm圓形狀，第三遍為紅色，以螺桿孔中心涂刷60mm圓形狀，聚氨酯涂刷厚度不小于1mm。4、普通內(nèi)墻對(duì)拉螺栓(含地上外墻內(nèi)側(cè))孔洞處理：將孔洞處理干凈后，用高強(qiáng)發(fā)泡劑填充，孔洞面層均采用25mm厚1:2.5微膨脹水泥砂漿封堵平整。43螺栓孔封堵實(shí)物圖示細(xì)部做法示意圖三段式止水螺桿構(gòu)件止水螺桿構(gòu)件示意圖施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：止水鋼板節(jié)點(diǎn)1、

止水鋼板轉(zhuǎn)角位置，應(yīng)采用成品構(gòu)件。焊縫距離拐點(diǎn)或交點(diǎn)不小于

600mm。2、被止水鋼板切斷的鋼筋，應(yīng)將鋼筋彎折之后與止水鋼板進(jìn)行焊接。3、止水鋼板搭接焊接時(shí)，搭接長(zhǎng)度不小于20mm，兩塊鋼板之間的焊接要飽滿且為雙面焊，也可采用三面圍焊，搭接不小于100mm，焊縫連續(xù)嚴(yán)密。4、異型止水鋼板必須提前在場(chǎng)外預(yù)制加工。44圖示施工工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化做法實(shí)施圖集?防水（防滲）工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要點(diǎn)：防水試驗(yàn)1、屋面、廚房、衛(wèi)生間、陽(yáng)臺(tái)等有防水要求的部位在防水工程施工前必須