2025年英語(yǔ)課堂達(dá)標(biāo)第二輪筆試及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Themainreasonforthedeclineintraditionalindustriesinmanydevelopedcountriesis______.A.increasedcompetitionB.technologicaladvancementsC.governmentpoliciesD.environmentalconcerns2.Inthecontextofglobaleconomics,theterm"supplychain"refersto______.A.themovementofgoodsfromproducertoconsumerB.theexchangeofcurrenciesbetweencountriesC.theregulationoftradepoliciesD.thedistributionoffinancialresources3.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofacommandeconomy?A.privateownershipofresourcesB.market-basedpricingC.governmentcontroloverproductionD.minimalgovernmentintervention4.Theconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"emphasizes______.A.maximizingeconomicgrowthB.preservingnaturalresourcesforfuturegenerationsC.increasingindustrialproductionD.reducinggovernmentregulations5.Ininternationaltrade,theterm"tariff"refersto______.A.ataxonimportedgoodsB.atradeagreementbetweencountriesC.asubsidyfordomesticindustriesD.aquotaontheamountofgoodsimported6.Theprimarygoalofmonetarypolicyisto______.A.controlinflationB.increaseemploymentC.stabilizethecurrencyD.alloftheabove7.Theterm"GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)"measures______.A.thetotalvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedinacountryB.thetotalvalueofexportsandimportsC.thetotalvalueoffinancialassetsD.thetotalvalueofrealestatetransactions8.Inthecontextofeconomictheory,theterm"comparativeadvantage"refersto______.A.theabilityofacountrytoproducegoodsmoreefficientlythananothercountryB.thedifferenceinpricesbetweensimilargoodsindifferentmarketsC.theratiooflabortocapitalinaneconomyD.thegrowthrateofaneconomy9.Theterm"inflation"refersto______.A.adecreaseinthemoneysupplyB.anincreaseinthegeneralpricelevelC.adecreaseinthecostoflivingD.anincreaseintheavailabilityofcredit10.Theterm"fiscalpolicy"refersto______.A.thegovernment'suseoftaxesandspendingtoinfluencetheeconomyB.thecentralbank'scontroloverthemoneysupplyC.theregulationoffinancialmarketsD.thetradepoliciesbetweencountries二、填空題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Theprocessofintegratingeconomiesofdifferentcountriesisknownas______.2.Theprimarygoaloftradepoliciesisto______.3.Theterm"economicgrowth"referstothe______.4.Theconceptof"opportunitycost"referstothe______.5.Theterm"monetarypolicy"referstotheactionstakenbyacentralbankto______.6.Theterm"supplychain"involvesthe______ofgoodsfromproductiontoconsumption.7.Theterm"inflation"isoftenmeasuredusingthe______.8.Theterm"fiscalpolicy"involvestheuseof______andspendingtoinfluencetheeconomy.9.Theterm"comparativeadvantage"isbasedontheprinciplethatcountriesshould______.10.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"aimstobalance______andenvironmentalprotection.三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Theprimarycauseofeconomicrecessionsisusuallygovernmentpolicies.2.Inamarketeconomy,pricesaredeterminedbysupplyanddemand.3.Theterm"GDP"measuresthetotalvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedinacountry.4.Theterm"inflation"alwaysleadstoadecreaseinthepurchasingpowerofmoney.5.Theterm"fiscalpolicy"isprimarilyconcernedwiththeregulationoffinancialmarkets.6.Theterm"monetarypolicy"isprimarilyconcernedwiththegovernment'suseoftaxesandspending.7.Theterm"comparativeadvantage"suggeststhatcountriesshouldproduceallthegoodstheyconsume.8.Theterm"supplychain"referstothemovementofgoodsfromproducertoconsumer.9.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"emphasizesmaximizingeconomicgrowth.10.Theterm"tariff"isatradeagreementbetweencountries.四、簡(jiǎn)答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Explaintheconceptof"comparativeadvantage"andhowitaffectsinternationaltrade.2.Describetheprimarygoalsofmonetarypolicyandhowitisimplemented.3.Discussthedifferencesbetweenacommandeconomyandamarketeconomy.4.Explaintheconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"anditsimportanceinmoderneconomics.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimpactoftechnologicaladvancementsontraditionalindustriesindevelopedcountries.2.Analyzetheroleofgovernmentpoliciesinshapingeconomicgrowthandstability.3.Discussthechallengesandbenefitsofinternationaltradefordevelopingcountries.4.Analyzetheimportanceofpreservingnaturalresourcesinthecontextofsustainabledevelopment.答案和解析一、單項(xiàng)選擇題答案1.B2.A3.C4.B5.A6.D7.A8.A9.B10.A二、填空題答案1.economicintegration2.promoteeconomicgrowth3.increaseintheproductionofgoodsandservices4.thevalueofthenextbestalternativeforegone5.managethemoneysupplyandcredit6.production,distribution,andconsumption7.ConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)8.taxes9.producegoodsinwhichtheyhavealoweropportunitycost10.economicdevelopment三、判斷題答案1.False2.True3.True4.True5.False6.False7.False8.True9.False10.False四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案1.Comparativeadvantagereferstotheabilityofacountrytoproduceaparticulargoodorserviceataloweropportunitycostthananothercountry.Thisconceptsuggeststhatcountriesshouldspecializeinproducinggoodsinwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantageandtradewithothercountries.Thisleadstomoreefficientproductionandincreasedeconomicwelfareforalltradingpartners.2.Theprimarygoalsofmonetarypolicyaretocontrolinflation,increaseemployment,andstabilizethecurrency.Centralbanksimplementmonetarypolicythroughvarioustoolssuchasadjustinginterestrates,changingreserverequirementsforbanks,andengaginginopenmarketoperations.Theseactionsinfluencethemoneysupplyandcreditconditionsintheeconomy,therebyaffectingeconomicgrowthandstability.3.Acommandeconomyischaracterizedbygovernmentcontroloverproduction,resourceallocation,andpricingdecisions.Incontrast,amarketeconomyischaracterizedbyprivateownershipofresources,market-basedpricing,andminimalgovernmentintervention.Inacommandeconomy,thegovernmentmakesdecisionsaboutwhatgoodsandservicestoproduce,howtoproducethem,andwhogetsthem.Inamarketeconomy,thesedecisionsaremadebyindividualsandfirmsbasedonsupplyanddemand.4.Sustainabledevelopmentreferstotheconceptofmeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Itemphasizesbalancingeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity.Sustainabledevelopmentisimportantinmoderneconomicsbecauseitrecognizestheinterdependenceofeconomic,social,andenvironmentalfactorsandseekstoensurelong-termprosperityforall.五、討論題答案1.Technologicaladvancementshavesignificantlyimpactedtraditionalindustriesindevelopedcountries.Ononehand,theyhaveledtoincreasedefficiency,productivity,andinnovation,whichcandriveeconomicgrowth.Ontheotherhand,theyhavealsoledtothedeclineoftraditionalindustriesthatcannotkeepupwithtechnologicalchanges,resultinginjoblossesandeconomicdisruption.Thechallengefordevelopedcountriesistomanagethesechangesthroughpoliciesthatsupportworkforceretraining,education,andthedevelopmentofnewindustries.2.Governmentpoliciesplayacrucialroleinshapingeconomicgrowthandstability.Fiscalpolicies,suchasgovernmentspendingandtaxation,canstimulateeconomicactivityduringrecessionsandcontrolinflationduringperiodsofeconomicoverheating.Monetarypolicies,implementedbycentralbanks,caninfluenceinterestratesandthemoneysupplytoachieveeconomicgoals.Additionally,tradepolicies,regulatoryframeworks,andinvestmentincentivescanattractforeigninvestment,promotecompetition,andfosterinnovation,allofwhichcontributetoeconomicgrowthandstability.3.Internationaltradeoffersbothchallengesandbenefitsfordevelopingcountries.Ontheonehand,itcanprovideaccesstolargermarkets,promoteeconomicgrowth,andattractforeigninvestment.Ontheotherhand,itcanalsoleadtoincreasedcompetition,whichmayharmdomesticindustriesthatarenotcompetitiveenough.Developingcountriesfacechallengesinintegratingintotheglobaleconomy,suchasimprovinginfrastructure,enhancinghumancapital,andnegotiatingfavorabletradeagreements.However