龍東十校聯(lián)盟高二學(xué)年度期中考試英語學(xué)科注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeabus. B.Borrowacar. C.Askforalift.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:AreyougoingtothepartyatSullivanBistro?I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.M:Well,thebusstopsrightnearit,butyou’dhavetochangebusesafewtimes.I’mgettingaridewithFarida.Shehasacar.Youmayaskher,too.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydidthemangiveuphisplan?A.Hefailedtobookahotel.B.Hefoundthebeachcrowded.C.Hecouldn’taffordthetrip.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:You’replanningtotakeyourvacationnextweek,right?M:Iwas,butitdidn’tworkout.Allthehotelsarefullthen.W:It’sreallyhardtofindaplaceatthebeachatthistimeofyear.Anditcostsmore,too.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Excited. B.Nervous. C.Disappointed.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhenIthinkaboutmyupinginterviews,Ifeelmyheartinmythroat.W:That’snotlikeyou.You’realwayssocool,calmandcollected.M:Iknow,butthisisdifferent.WhatifIsaythewrongthing?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhydidMr.Hendersoncall?A.Toplaceanorder. B.Toaskforinformation. C.Tomakeaplaint.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Sarah,IgotacallfromMr.Hendersonabouthisorder.Hesaysthedeliverywasdamaged.W:Ohno!Canyougetmetheorderdetails?I’llchecktheshippinginformationandseewhatwecando.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aprofessor. B.Anassignment. C.Astudygroup.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mreallystrugglingwiththispaper.There’shardlyanyinformationonthetopic,andI’mnotsurehowtogetitdoneintime.W:Haveyouconsideredaskingtheprofessortochangeyourtopic?Lastyear,mygrouphadtroubleworkingtogether,andtheprofessorwasprettyunderstandingaboutit.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatisthewoman’steamdoing?A.Workingoutapromotionplan.B.Gettingfeedbackfromthemedia.C.Testingthequalityofanewphone.7.What’sthemanworriedabout?A.Theproductiontime.B.Theadvertisingcampaign.C.Themarketingperformance.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:Amina,howaretheplansprogressingfortheSeptemberreleaseofournewmobilephonemodel?W:Everything’sgoingwell.Rightnow,myteamisexploringadvertisingoptionsandfiguringoutthebestwaytomaximizemediaexposure.M:Great.Andwhat’sthelatestfromthefactoryonwhenthey’llstartproduction?Lasttimewespoke,youmentionedthefactorywasatfullcapacitywithotherprojects,andI’mworriedthatmightimpactourtimeline.W:Ijustspokewiththem,andthey’llclearsomecapacityforussoon.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatproblemdoesBettyhave?A.Shefindsreadingveryhard.B.Shecan’tfindaroommate.C.Shecan’tfitinwithherclassmates.9.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Classmates.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:You’reinclassearlyagain,Betty.W:Iliketogetaheadstartonthereading,ProfessorVincent.AndIdon’tlikespendingtimeinmyroomalone.M:Areyouhavingtroublegettingonwithpeople?W:Yeah,everyonealreadyseemstohavetheirowncircleoffriends.Asanexchangestudent,Ialwaysfeellikeanoutsider.Butit’sOK.M:Betty,thesocialaspectofcollegeisveryimportant.YoushouldvisittheInternationalStudentResourceCenter.That’sexactlythekindofassistancetheycanoffer.W:Ididn’tknowtheycoulddothat.Thanks,ProfessorVincent.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Howmanyregularclientsdoesthemanhave?A.About100. B.About50. C.About35.11.Whydoesthemanwanttoleavethegym?A.Togainmoreclients.B.Toworkfewerhours.C.Toadvancehiscareer.12.Whatistheman’sadvantage?A.Personalizingthetrainingplans.B.Maintainingcustomerrelationships.C.Performingvarioustypesofworkouts.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:So,you’veappliedforthepositionofpersonaltrainer.Icanseeyouhavesomeexperiencealready.Couldyoutellmealittleaboutyourcurrentjob?M:Yes,IcurrentlyworkatHanson’sGym.Thereareabout100clients,andthereareonlytwotrainers.Ihavehalfoftheclientsasregulars,whoIspend30–60minuteswitheachsession.Iworkabout35hoursaweek,andIloveit.W:WhyareyouthinkingofleavingHanson’sGym?M:Well,it’squiteasmallgym.There’snotmuchchanceofpromotion.I’dliketojoinabiggergym,soIhavetheopportunitytobuildmycareer.W:Isee.Whatwouldyousayareyourstrengths?M:IthinkI’mreallygoodatunderstandingpeople’sgoalsandaims,whichmeansIcantailoraworkoutprogramspecificallyforthem.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatistheleadingroleinJessica’snewplay?A.Amillionaire. B.Abanker. C.Adetective.14.WhatdoesJessicaplantodonext?A.Attendartclasses. B.Writeanotherplay. C.Takeatrip.15.WhydoesJessicarefusetohaveherplaysadaptedintomovies?A.Itishardtochoosegoodactors.B.Sheisnotgoodatadaptingplays.C.Moviesmaynotbetruetoplays.16.What’sJessica’sattitudetocriticism?A.Indifferent. B.Receptive. C.Defensive.【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:IhearyouhaveanewplaycalledInnocentopeningsoon,Jessica.W:Nextweek!Unlikemylastpiece,whichwasaboutamanthatunexpectedlybeesamillionaire,thisonefollowstheadventuresofadetective,whocrossestwocontinentssearchingforabankerwho’sdisappearedaftermeetingastrangeclient.M:Soundsgreat!Arethereotherthingsyou’dliketotry?W:I’mgoingtotakeashortbreak,andhavejustsignedupforapaintingandsculpturecoursetofillthetime.Thethoughtoftellingactorshowtoperformoneofmyownplaysisquitefrightening,soI’veneverbeeneagertotry.AndI’veheardthatagreatdealofwhatyouwritegetschangedifyouworkonafilm,soI’veturneddownofferstodothat.M:Andanyadviceforfutureplaywrights?W:Exploreyourownroutineforwriting,butbeflexiblewithinthat.Readingsimilarkindsofplaysisalwaysagoodideatoo.Andaboveall,don’tbeafraidofreceivingcriticism.Iwouldn’tbewhereIamwithoutmyhusband—helooksateverythingI’vewrittenandistotallyhonestaboutit.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatdidDysonmajorinfinally?A.Art. B.Design. C.Engineering.18.WhatwasDyson’sfirstinventionusedfor?A.Dryingwethands.B.Transportingheavyloads.C.Improvingroughground.19.What’sthemainfeatureofWrongGarden?AItismadeupofphotos.B.Itcreatesavisualtrick.C.Itislocatednearawaterfall.20.Whatdoesthespeakerfocusonattheendofthetalk?A.Dyson’scontributiontoeducation.B.Dyson’sdutiesatauniversity.C.Dyson’slatestinventions.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Helloeveryone!I’dliketotalkaboutaninventor,JamesDyson.Hisideasebecauseheseesthingsthatcouldworkbetter,likethehanddryer.Buthowdidhestart?Well,DysonwasborninEnglandin1947.Hestudiedartanddesignbeforehestudiedengineering.Whenhesawsomethingthatdidn’tworkwell,hegotupsetandworkedtoimproveit.Forexample,hisfirstinventionwasavehiclewithaballforawheel.Thismadeiteasiertocarryheavythingsinthegardenandoverroughground.Itwasaninterestingnewuseforaball.Also,eventhoughhechangedmajors,hewasstillinterestedinartaswellasdesigning.Takealookatthisphoto.Whatdoyousee?Itlookslikeawaterfallmadefromglassandwater,withthewaterrunningupinsteadoffallingdown.That’ssurprising.ThiswasapieceofartthatDysonmadein2003,calledWrongGarden.Ittrickstheeye.Dysonisstillinventingnewthings.Butheisalsointerestedinsupportingeducationforstudents.HehasevendonatedmoneytotheUniversityofCambridgetosupportstudentsandresearchtherewithafocusontechnology.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFeelingstuck?Can’tfindyourmuse?Joinour“InspirationCorner”weekendworkshop!Webelieveinspirationisn’tjustasuddenstrike;it’saprocessthatcanbenurturedanddeveloped.Ourworkshopprovidestheperfectenvironment,proventechniques,andsupportivemunitytosystematicallyunlockyourcreativity,guidingyoustepbysteptoreconnectwiththejoyofmaking.Date&Time:October2627,9:00a.m.4:00p.m.Location:CityArtCenter,Room305WorkshopLeader:Ms.AnnaGreen,awellknownlocalartistandauthorofthebookTheCreativeHabit.WhattoExpect:Morningsessions:Engageinguided,sensorybasedexercisesdesignedtohelpyouobservetheworldinnewwaysandbreakthroughcreativeblocks.Afternoonsessions:Enjoyfreecreativetimeinourfullyequippedstudio,withprivateoneononeadvicefromMs.Green.GroupSharing&Feedback:Participateinsupportivegroupcircleswhereyoucanshareyourprogress,gaininsightsfrompeers,andbuildcreativeconfidence.InspirationResourceKit:Receiveacurateddigitalkitfilledwithprompts,remendedreading,andonlineresourcestokeepyourinspirationflowinglongaftertheworkshopends.ASmallExhibition:Celebrateyourachievementsinacasual,endofworkshopexhibitionwhereyoucanshowcaseyourworktofellowparticipantsandinvitedguests.Fee:￥200(Includesallbasicmaterials)Earlybirdspecial:RegisterbyOctober15andenjoya20%discount—only￥160!.cityartcenterorcall1234567890.Spacesarelimitedto20participants.Don’tmissthischancetomeetyourmuse!21.Whatisthemaingoalofthe“InspirationCorner”workshop?A.Tosellartmaterialstotheparticipants.B.Toteachthehistoryofmodernart.C.Tohelppeopledeveloptheircreativeprocess.D.Topreparestudentsforaformalartexam.22.Whatwillparticipantsdointheafternoonsessions?A.Visitalocalartmuseumforinspiration.B.Receivepersonalguidancefromtheleader.C.Listentoalectureaboutfamousartists.D.Workonasinglelargeprojectasateam.23.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Apersonaldiaryentry.B.Anofficialgovernmentdocument.CAschoolweeklynotice.D.Anadvertisementforashortcourse.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了“靈感角落”周末工作坊，旨在幫助人們培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Webelieveinspirationisn’tjustasuddenstrike;it’saprocessthatcanbenurturedanddeveloped.Ourworkshopprovidestheperfectenvironment,proventechniques,andsupportivemunitytosystematicallyunlockyourcreativity,guidingyoustepbysteptoreconnectwiththejoyofmaking.(我們認(rèn)為靈感不僅僅是突然的閃現(xiàn)；它是一個可以被培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展的過程。我們的工作坊提供了完美的環(huán)境、經(jīng)過驗證的技巧和支持性的社區(qū)，以系統(tǒng)地釋放你的創(chuàng)造力，引導(dǎo)你一步步重新找回創(chuàng)作的樂趣。)”可知，“靈感角落”工作坊的主要目標(biāo)是幫助人們發(fā)展他們的創(chuàng)作過程。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WhattoExpect”部分中“Afternoonsessions:Enjoyfreecreativetimeinourfullyequippedstudio,withprivateoneononeadvicefromMs.Green.(下午時段：在我們設(shè)備齊全的工作室里享受自由創(chuàng)作時間，并接受格林女士的一對一私人建議。)”可知，參與者在下午時段會接受來自工作坊負(fù)責(zé)人的個人指導(dǎo)。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章介紹了“靈感角落”周末工作坊的相關(guān)信息，包括日期時間、地點、工作坊負(fù)責(zé)人、活動內(nèi)容、費(fèi)用以及報名方式等，目的是吸引人們報名參加這個工作坊。由此可推斷，這篇文章最有可能來自一個短期課程的廣告。故選D。BThemomentisrecordedinsportshistory,notasatriumph,butasaseemingdefeat.In1978,ayoungMichaelJordan,passionateandfullofdreams,triedoutforthecollegebasketballteamatLaneyHighSchool.However,hewascutfromtheteamforhislackofheightandskill.ForJordan,thiswasn’tjustarejection;itwasachallenge.Insteadofgivingintodisappointment,hetransformeditintoanextraordinarydrive.Thisearlyfailurebecamethefuelforhislegendaryworkethic.Headoptedamindsetofcontinuousforwardprogress,aperfectexampleof“onwardsandupwards.”Hebeganwakingupbeforedawntopractice.Hewouldspendhoursaloneonthecourt,honinghisshooting,hisdribbling,andhisdefensivemoves.Hispetitivefireburnedconstantly;heturnedeveryminorsetbackintoareasontoimprove.Hisjourneywasanythingbutsmooth.AfterrisingtostardomattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaandbeingdraftedbytheChicagoBulls,JordanfacedtoughopponentsliketheDetroitPistons,whorepeatedlyknockedhisteamoutoftheplayoffs(季后賽)withtheirphysical“JordanRules.”Yet,eachdefeatonlyhardenedhisresolve.TheultimateproofofhisstrongspiritcameafterhefinallyledtheBullstotheirfirstNBAchampionshipin1991.Thisvictorywasnottheendofhisstory.Hewentonwards,leadingtheBullstotwomoreconsecutivetitles,achievingahistoric“threepeat.”Then,followingthetragicmurderofhisfather,heshockedtheworldbyretiringfrombasketballtopursuebaseball—anewdifficultchallengethatshowcasedhiscouragetostartagainfromthebottom.Butthebasketballcourtcalledhimback.In1995,hereturnedtotheBullswiththesimplemessage,“I’mback.”Heledtheteamtoasecond,evenmoredifficult“threepeat”from1996to1998,solidifyinghislegacyasthegreatest.MichaelJordan’sstoryteachesusthatitisthecouragetofacesetbacks,thedisciplinetokeepimproving,andthespirittoalwaysmoveforwardthattrulydefinesachampion.24.WhatwasJordan’simmediatereactionafterbeingcutfromthehighschoolteam?A.Hedecidedtoquitbasketballforever.B.Heacceptedthereasonforhisrejection.C.Hesawitasachallengeandbecamemoredetermined.D.Heblamedhisteammatesforthefailure.25.WhydidJordanshocktheworldbyretiringfrombasketballin1993?A.Hewantedtoprovehewasthegreatestplayerwithoutwinningmoretitles.B.Helosthispassionforbasketballafterwinninghisfirstchampionship.C.Hesoughtanewchallengeasawayofdealingwithapersonaltragedy.D.Hehadaseriousinjurythatpreventedhimfromplayingatahighlevel.26.WhatcanbeinferredaboutJordan’scharacterfromhistraininghabits?A.Hereliedmostlyonhisnaturaltalent.B.Hebelievedsuccesscamefromnonstophardwork.C.Hepreferredtopracticealoneratherthanwiththeteam.D.Hewasoftendiscouragedbyminorsetbacks.27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TolistalltheawardsMichaelJordanwoninhiscareer.B.TodescribethehistoryoftheChicagoBullsbasketballteam.C.ToshowhowJordanovercamesetbackswithanevergiveupspirit.D.TopareJordan’scareerwithotherbasketballplayers.【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了邁克爾·喬丹的職業(yè)生涯，闡釋了他如何將挫折轉(zhuǎn)化為動力，通過極致努力和堅持精神成就傳奇，最終定義了冠軍的真正內(nèi)涵?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,hewascutfromtheteamforhislackofheightandskill.ForJordan,thiswasn’tjustarejection;itwasachallenge.Insteadofgivingintodisappointment,hetransformeditintoanextraordinarydrive.(然而，由于他的身高和技術(shù)都不夠，他被球隊除名了。對喬丹來說，這不僅僅是一次拒絕；這是一個挑戰(zhàn)。他沒有屈服于失望，而是將失望轉(zhuǎn)化為非凡的動力。)”可知，喬丹將被高中球隊淘汰視為挑戰(zhàn)并變得更加堅定。故選C項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Then,followingthetragicmurderofhisfather,heshockedtheworldbyretiringfrombasketballtopursuebaseball—anewdifficultchallengethatshowcasedhiscouragetostartagainfromthebottom.(然后，在他父親被謀殺的悲劇發(fā)生后，他震驚了世界，從籃球場上退役去追求棒球——一個新的困難的挑戰(zhàn)，顯示了他從底層重新開始的勇氣。)”可知，當(dāng)時喬丹的舉動震驚世界是因為他尋求一種新的挑戰(zhàn)來處理個人的悲劇。故選C項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Headoptedamindsetofcontinuousforwardprogress,aperfectexampleof“onwardsandupwards.”Hebeganwakingupbeforedawntopractice.Hewouldspendhoursaloneonthecourt,honinghisshooting,hisdribbling,andhisdefensivemoves.Hispetitivefireburnedconstantly;heturnedeveryminorsetbackintoareasontoimprove.(他采取了不斷前進(jìn)的心態(tài)，是“向前和向上”的完美例子。他開始在黎明前起床練習(xí)。他會花幾個小時獨(dú)自在球場上，磨練他的投籃、運(yùn)球和防守動作。他的爭強(qiáng)好勝之火不斷燃燒；他把每一個小小的挫折都變成了進(jìn)步的理由。)”可知，喬丹刻苦訓(xùn)練，投入大量時間磨練自己的技術(shù)，不斷向前、向上，這些表明他相信成功源于不懈努力。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“MichaelJordan’sstoryteachesusthatitisthecouragetofacesetbacks,thedisciplinetokeepimproving,andthespirittoalwaysmoveforwardthattrulydefinesachampion.(邁克爾·喬丹的故事告訴我們，面對挫折的勇氣，不斷進(jìn)步的自律，以及永遠(yuǎn)前進(jìn)的精神，才是真正的冠軍。)”可知，文章聚焦喬丹的生涯故事，通過高中落選、季后賽失利、父親去世后轉(zhuǎn)型、復(fù)出奪冠的事例，顯示出喬丹克服職業(yè)生涯中的種種障礙，永不放棄的精神。由此推知，文章的目的是展示喬丹如何以永不放棄的精神戰(zhàn)勝挫折。故選C項。CLaughterisregardedasauniversallanguage,butitssocialfunctionsaremoreplexthantheyappear.Beyondexpressingamusement,laughterservesasapowerfultoolforbuildingsocialbondsandmunicatingourpositionwithinagroup.Toexplorethis,ateamofresearchersledbyChristopherOveis,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,conductedarevealingstudyin2016.Theresearchfocusedon48malemembersofuniversitystudentclubs,asettingwithclearsocialclasses.Theparticipantsweregroupedintomixesofseniormembers(highstatus)andnewmembers(lowstatus),andtheirnaturalconversationswererecorded.Theanalysisoftheirlaughtershowedacleardistinction.Highstatusindividualsconsistentlyproducedwhatwasclassifiedas“dominantlaughter”—characterizedbybeinglouder,morevariableinpitch,andlessheldback.Incontrast,lowstatusindividualsexhibited“submissivelaughter”—whichwastypicallyquieter,shorter,andmoreconstrained.Inafollowupexperiment,anothergroupofstudentslistenedtorecordingsoftheselaughs.Withoutanyothercontext,theyconsistentlyidentifiedthe“dominant”laughsasbelongingtoindividualswithmoreinfluenceandpowerwithinthegroup.Thisstudydemonstratesthatlaughterisfarfromasimple,uniformreactiontohumour.Itisarichsocialsignal,deeplywovenintothefabricofourrelationshipsandstatus.Theactoflaughing,therefore,isnotjustaboutsharingajoke;itisanuancedperformancethatcanbothreflectandreinforceoursocialidentity.Understandingthesciencebehindlaughterhelpsusappreciateitstruepowerinourdailyinteractions.28.WhatwasthemainobjectiveofChristopherOveis’s2016study?A.Toprovethatlaughterisauniversallanguage.B.Toinvestigatethelinkbetweenlaughterandsocialstatus.C.Toteachpeoplehowtouselaughtertobuildsocialbonds.D.Toparethelaughterfrequenciesofdifferentsocialgroups.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“constrained”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Naturalandautomatic.B.Controlledandrestricted.CLoudandnoticeable.D.Happyandpleasant.30.Whatdoesthefollowupexperimentsuggest?A.Peoplecanaccuratelydetectsocialstatusfromlaughteralone.B.Mostpeoplepreferthesoundof“dominantlaughter”.C.Thefunninessofajokeislargelyoverestimated.D.Groupsettingshavelittleeffectonhowpeoplelaugh.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LaughterastheBestMedicineB.TheRoleofLaughterinSocialClubsC.TheSocialSecretofLaughterD.TheDifferentTypesofHumanLaughter【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了2016年的一項研究揭示，笑聲不僅是幽默反應(yīng)，更是社會地位與關(guān)系的信號，后續(xù)實驗進(jìn)一步證明，人們能僅通過笑聲識別社會地位，說明笑在社交互動中具有深層功能?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Laughterisregardedasauniversallanguage,butitssocialfunctionsaremoreplexthantheyappear.Beyondexpressingamusement,laughterservesasapowerfultoolforbuildingsocialbondsandmunicatingourpositionwithinagroup.Toexplorethis,ateamofresearchersledbyChristopherOveis,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,conductedarevealingstudyin2016.(笑被認(rèn)為是一種通用語言，但它的社會功能比表面上要復(fù)雜得多。除了表達(dá)娛樂之外，笑還是建立社會聯(lián)系和溝通我們在群體中的立場的有力工具。為了探索這個問題，由加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校副教授ChristopherOveis領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組研究人員在2016年進(jìn)行了一項發(fā)人深省的研究。)”可知，ChristopherOveis的2016年研究的主要目的是調(diào)查笑聲與社會地位之間的聯(lián)系。故選B項。【29題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Highstatusindividualsconsistentlyproducedwhatwasclassifiedas“dominantlaughter”—characterizedbybeinglouder,morevariableinpitch,andlessheldback.Incontrast,lowstatusindividualsexhibited“submissivelaughter”—whichwastypicallyquieter,shorter(高地位個體持續(xù)發(fā)出被歸類為“主導(dǎo)型笑聲”的聲音——其特征是更響亮、音調(diào)變化更多且更不受拘束。相反，低地位個體表現(xiàn)出“順從型笑聲”——通常是更安靜、更短促)”可知，畫線詞與“l(fā)essheldback(更不受拘束)”反義，且與“quieter,shorter(更安靜、更短促)”并列，最可能的意思是“受控且受限的”。故選B項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inafollowupexperiment,anothergroupofstudentslistenedtorecordingsoftheselaughs.Withoutanyothercontext,theyconsistentlyidentifiedthe“dominant”laughsasbelongingtoindividualswithmoreinfluenceandpowerwithinthegroup.(在后續(xù)實驗中，另一組學(xué)生聽了這些笑聲的錄音。在沒有任何其他背景的情況下，他們一致認(rèn)為“主導(dǎo)”笑屬于在群體中更有影響力和權(quán)力的個人。)”可知，后續(xù)實驗表明，人們僅通過笑聲就能準(zhǔn)確識別社會地位。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thisstudydemonstratesthatlaughterisfarfromasimple,uniformreactiontohumour.Itisarichsocialsignal,deeplywovenintothefabricofourrelationshipsandstatus.Theactoflaughing,therefore,isnotjustaboutsharingajoke;itisanuancedperformancethatcanbothreflectandreinforceoursocialidentity.(這項研究表明，笑遠(yuǎn)不是對幽默的一種簡單、統(tǒng)一的反應(yīng)。這是一種豐富的社會信號，深深編織在我們的關(guān)系和地位的結(jié)構(gòu)中。因此，笑的行為不僅僅是分享一個笑話；這是一種微妙的表現(xiàn)，既能反映也能強(qiáng)化我們的社會身份。)”可知，文章聚焦研究笑聲的研究展開，2016年的一項研究揭示，笑聲不僅是幽默反應(yīng)，更是社會地位與關(guān)系的信號，后續(xù)實驗進(jìn)一步證明，人們能僅通過笑聲識別社會地位，說明笑在社交互動中具有深層功能。因此，C項“笑聲的社會秘密”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項。DNature’sHiddenLight:TheSecretsofBioluminescenceInthedarkestdepthsoftheocean,afascinatingphenomenonoccurs—livingcreaturesproducetheirownlight.Thisability,calledbioluminescence,isnotjustforshow.Itisaplexandcrucialtoolforsurvival,developedthroughmillionsofyearsofevolution.Scientistsarededicatedtorevealinghowthismysterious“coldlight”works.Thefundamentalprocessbehindthislightisachemicalreaction.Itinvolvesamoleculenamedluciferin(熒光素)andanenzymecalledluciferase.Whenluciferinbineswithoxygen,acceleratedbytheluciferaseenzyme,lightisproduced.Thisprocessishighlyefficientandgeneratesalmostnoheat.Foralongtime,however,theoriginofluciferininmanymarineanimalswasapuzzle.Weretheymakingitthemselves,orgettingitfromtheirdiet?AmajorbreakthroughcamefromtheworkofDr.OsamuShimomura.Inthe1960s,heconductedalongtermstudyfocusedonaspecifictypeofjellyfish.Throughextensiveandmittedexperiments,histeammanagedtoisolatetwokeyproteins:onethatproducesbluelightandthefamousgreenfluorescentprotein(GFP).Thisfoundationalwork,whichlaterearnedhimaNobelPrize,providedtheessentialbasisforfutureresearch.ThequestionofwhereluciferinesfromwasfurtheraddressedbyDr.StevenHaddockandhisteam.Ina2018project,theyemployedadvancedunderwaterrobotstogatherandexaminenumerousdeepseaorganisms.Theiranalysisshowedthatmanydifferentspeciessharedthesameluciferin.Thissignificantfindingsuggestedthattheseanimalswerenotproducingthemoleculeinternally.Instead,theywerelikelyobtainingitthroughtheirdiet,creatingahiddennetworkwherethisvitalsubstanceistransferredthroughthefoodchain.Therevelationofthesenaturalsecretshasprofoundlytransformedmodernscience.TheGFPprotein,forinstance,hasbeeanessentialtoolinbiologyandmedicine.ByattachingtheGFPgenetoothergenes,scientistscannowwitnessandtrackprocesseslikethegrowthofdiseasesorthedevelopmentofnervesinrealtime,turninganaturalwonderintoapowerfulscientificasset.32.WhatwasthemaingoalofDr.Shimomura’sresearch?A.Tofindnewspeciesofjellyfishinthedeepocean.B.Toprovethatbioluminescencecouldbeusedforlighting.C.Toidentifyandseparatetheglowingproteinsfromajellyfish.D.Tostudytheeatinghabitsofbioluminescentcreatures.33.WhatmayDr.Haddock’steamagreewith?A.Allmarineorganismshavethesamegenestoproduceit.B.Itispassedalongthefoodchainwhenanimalseateachother.C.Theluciferinisproducedbyunderwaterrobots.D.Sunlighttriggersitsproductioninthedeepsea.34.WhatisamajorapplicationofGFPinscientificresearchtoday?A.Itservesasaprimaryfoodsourceinlaboratories.B.Ithelpsgenerateheatforchemicalreactions.C.Itenablesthevisualtrackingofbiologicalactivities.D.Itisusedtocreatedecorativelightsforcities.35.Whatistheauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toencouragetourismtoseebioluminescentbays.B.Todescribethecareerpathsoffamouschemists.C.Toexplainthesciencebehindanaturalwonderanditsresearchbreakthroughs.D.Toarguethatalldeepseacreaturespossesshighintelligence.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹生物發(fā)光這一自然奇觀的科學(xué)原理、相關(guān)研究突破，以及綠色熒光蛋白在科研中的應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthe1960s,heconductedalongtermstudyfocusedonaspecifictypeofjellyfish.Throughextensiveandmittedexperiments,histeammanagedtoisolatetwokeyproteins:onethatproducesbluelightandthefamousgreenfluorescentprotein(GFP).(20世紀(jì)60年代，他對一種特定類型的水母進(jìn)行了長期研究。通過大量投入的實驗，他的團(tuán)隊成功分離出兩種關(guān)鍵蛋白質(zhì)：一種能產(chǎn)生藍(lán)光，另一種是著名的綠色熒光蛋白（GFP）。)”可知，下村修博士的研究目標(biāo)是從水母中識別并分離出發(fā)光蛋白質(zhì)。故選C項。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theiranalysisshowedthatmanydifferentspeciessharedthesameluciferin.Thissignificantfindingsuggestedthattheseanimalswerenotproducingthemoleculeinternally.Instead,theywerelikelyobtainingitthroughtheirdiet,creatingahiddennetworkwherethisvitalsubstanceistransferredthroughthefoodchain.(他們的分析表明，許多不同的物種擁有相同的熒光素。這一重大發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，這些動物并非體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生這種分子，而是可能通過飲食獲取，形成了一個隱藏的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這種重要物質(zhì)通過食物鏈傳遞。)”可知，哈多克博士的團(tuán)隊會認(rèn)同熒光素通過動物間的捕食在食物鏈中傳遞這一觀點。故選B項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ByattachingtheGFPgenetoothergenes,scientistscannowwitnessandtrackprocesseslikethegrowthofdiseasesorthedevelopmentofnervesinrealtime,turninganaturalwonderintoapowerfulscientificasset.(通過將GFP基因與其他基因結(jié)合，科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在可以實時觀察和追蹤疾病發(fā)展或神經(jīng)發(fā)育等過程，將這一自然奇觀轉(zhuǎn)化為強(qiáng)大的科研工具。)”可知，GFP如今在科研中的主要應(yīng)用是能夠可視化追蹤生物活動。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，第一段引出生物發(fā)光現(xiàn)象及科學(xué)家對其原理的探索，第二至四段介紹生物發(fā)光的化學(xué)過程和相關(guān)研究突破，第五段說明其科研應(yīng)用，由此可知，作者寫作本文的主要目的是解釋一種自然奇觀背后的科學(xué)原理及其研究突破。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Intheheartofbustlingcities,agreenrevolutionisquietlytakingplace.Rooftops,balconies,andevensmallmunitygardensarebeingtransformedintoproductivespacesforgrowingfood.Thismovement,knownasurbanfarming,isnotjustaboutproducingfreshvegetables.____36____Oneofthemostimmediatebenefitsofurbanfarmingisaccesstofresh,nutritiousfood.____37____Thismeansvegetablescanbeharvestedattheirpeakripeness,retainingmorenutrientsandflavorthanstoreboughtalternativesthatmayhavetraveledlongdistances.____38____Tendingtoplants,evenforashorttimeeachday,hasbeenshowntoreducestressandimprovemood.Thephysicalactivityinvolvedingardeningalsoprovidesgentleexercise,whichbenefitsbothphysicalandmentalhealth