渝北中學(xué)學(xué)年上期高一年級(jí)階段二質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題全卷共七大題小題，總分分，考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫清楚。請(qǐng)將所有答案寫在答題卡上，不得在試卷上直接作答。選擇題部分請(qǐng)按題號(hào)用鉛筆填涂。非選擇題部分請(qǐng)按題號(hào)用毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書(shū)寫。第一部分聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Goskiingwithhisparents.B.Celebratehisbirthday.C.Gotothemovieswiththewoman.2.Howarethepricesintherestaurant?A.Reasonable.B.C.High.3.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theastronautslikeeachotherverymuch.B.Theastronautsarefromdifferentcities.C.Theastronautsaretwinbrothers.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buildingahouse.B.Camping.C.Climbingmountains:5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Intheman’shouse.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽(tīng)完后，第1頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.Whereisthewomangoing?A.herhouse.B.anappointment.C.22ndStreet.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Itisgoingtorain.B.1hewomanisnotlucky.C.Theisheavyatthemoment.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.Singerandfan.9.Whatdothetwospeakershaveinmon?A.Theylovethesamekindofmusic.B.Theirparentsdon’tliketheirmusichobbies.C.Bothofthemjoinedthesameband.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第至題。10.Whatreasondoesthewomangiveforneedingacellphone?A.Shecanuseittocheckheremails.B.Shecancallherfamilyforanemergency.C.Shecanmakecheaperlongdistancecalls.Howmuchisthemonthlyservice?A.$20.99.B.$99C.Nearly$30.12.Howlongistheserviceagreementofthecellphone?A.3months.B.6months.C.9months.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第至題。13.Whatistheman’smajor?A.Marketing.B.Foreignlanguage.C.Internationaltrade.14.Whichisarequirementofthejob?A.alot.B.Beingmarried.C.Livingabroad.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejob?第2頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Secure.B.Challenging.C.Pleasant.16.Howsoonwillthemangetthereply?A.Inthreedays.B.Insixdays.C.Intendays.聽(tīng)第段材料，回答第至題。17.Whatistheannouncementmainlyabout?A.Abikeridetotheforest.B.Safetyinthemountains.C.Atriptothecountryside.18.Wherearethestudentsgoingtocamp?A.Intheforest.B.Bytheriver.C.Inthefields.19.Whyshouldn’tthestudentsgointothethickpartoftheforest?A.Theymaygetlostinit.B.Thereisariverintheforest.C.Therearewildanimalsthere.20.Whatcan.welearnfromtheannouncement?A.Studentswillmakeafireatthecampingsite.B.Studentsneedtopayforsomeoftheactivities.C.Studentsaregoingtotheforesttogetherbybus.第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheCountySchoolBoardofHenricoCounty,willholdthefollowingmeetings:aworksessionat2:30p.m.andamonthlymeetingat6:30p.m.ThemeetingswilltakeplaceintheauditoriumoftheNewBridgeLearningCenter,5915NineMileRoad,Henrico,Themeetingsareopentothepublicandinterestedcitizensareinvitedtoattend.Therewillbeapublicforum(座談會(huì))duringthemonthlymeetingforinterestedcitizenstoaddresstheboardinpersononanymatterofconcernabouttheschooldivision.Areminderforcitizens:pleasesecureyourspotinadvancebypletingtheformontheInternetorcallingtheclerk(8046523837)before4:30p.m.thisingSeptember25.ensuretheSchoolBoardhastheopportunitytohearasmanyvoicesaspossible,itisrequestedthatonlyonememberofeachhouseholdreserveaspottospeak.Eachspeakerwillbelimitedtothreeminutes.mentsmustbesubmitted(提交)byp.m.onSeptember25.PeoplecangotothewebpageoftheSchoolBoardatandclick“UpingMeetingsandSessions”.第3頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)mentsusingtheonlineformandsubmittedbeforethedeadlineareofficiallypartofthepublicrecordforthemeetingandwillbepostedforpublicviewinBoardDocs,whereallmeetingmaterialsarestored.Boardmemberswillreceivewrittenments,andequalconsiderationandattentionwillbegiventobothwrittenandpersonalments.1.Howcanyousignupforthemeetings?A.Byfillinginaformonline.B.Bygoingtothespotinperson.C.Byvisitingtheclerkbefore4:30p.m.D.Bycallingtheclerkon2.Whyisonlyonememberofafamilyallowedtospeakup?A.savetime.B.allowforavarietyofperspectives.C.ensurethequalityofthespeeches.D.choosethebestfromasmanyvoicesaspossible.3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutwrittenments?A.Participantsmustsubmitmentsonthescene.B.AllwrittenmentswillbepostedforpublicC.ThesubmissiondeadlineisThursday,September25.D.mentsandpersonalmentsarevaluedequally.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這篇文章是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了弗吉尼亞州亨利科縣教育委員會(huì)即將召開(kāi)的“工作例會(huì)”與“月度公開(kāi)會(huì)議”的通知，重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明報(bào)名方式、發(fā)言規(guī)則及書(shū)面意見(jiàn)提交要求?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Areminderforcitizens:pleasesecureyourspotinadvancebypletingtheformontheInternetorcallingtheclerk(8046523837)before4:30p.m.thisingSeptember25.(提醒市民：請(qǐng)于9月25日（本周三）下午4:30前，通過(guò)網(wǎng)上填寫表格或致電書(shū)記員8046523837提前登記名額。)”可知，登記參會(huì)途徑只有兩種：網(wǎng)上填表或電話預(yù)約。A選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)網(wǎng)上填表”是報(bào)名方式之一。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“ensuretheSchoolBoardhastheopportunitytohearasmanyvoicesaspossible,itisrequestedthatonlyonememberofeachhouseholdreserveaspottospeak.(為了讓教育委員會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)聽(tīng)到盡可能多的聲音，懇請(qǐng)每個(gè)家庭只派一名代表發(fā)言。)”可知，限制每個(gè)家庭發(fā)言人數(shù)的目的是為了多聽(tīng)到一些來(lái)自不同家庭的聲音，顧及到多樣的視角。故選B項(xiàng)。第4頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Boardmemberswillreceivewrittenments,andequalconsiderationandattentionwillbegiventobothwrittenandpersonalments.(委員會(huì)成員將會(huì)收到書(shū)面意見(jiàn)，并且書(shū)面意見(jiàn)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)言將得到同等的重視。)”可知，書(shū)面和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)兩種形式的意見(jiàn)會(huì)被同等對(duì)待。故選D項(xiàng)。BIhadbeenupsince4a,m,running27milesinthedarkforanupingmarathon.Afterpletingmyruninjustoverfourhours,Ijumpedintomycar,headingtothehealthclubformyregularworkout.Imadeitalmostthroughmykickboxingclassbeforepassingout.AfriendcarriedmedownstairsandIlaydownonthelongsofa.IstayedlikedthatuntilIcouldsitupwithouttheroom.spinning(旋轉(zhuǎn)).Eventhen,Itriedtoheadtotheweightroom,butmyfriendinsistedthatIgohome,packingmeintomycarwithaseriouslook.Backhome,Ishowered,changedintoworkoutclothes,andheadedbacktothecar—onlytofindmykeysmissing.Myhusbandwasholdingthem.haveaproblem,”hesaid.Ashewalkedaway,Icried.IfIhadthekeys,I’dstillhavegonebacktothehealthclub.Iwasjust30yearsold,yetIhadthebonedensity(密度)ofa60yearold.Duetooverexercisingandundereating,Ihadmorestressfractures(骨折)inmylegsandfeet.Myhairwasfallingout.Iwasunderweight.Icouldn’tsleep.Iwasfeelingcoldallthetime.MybloodpressurewasveryInshort,mybodywasnolongerabletoproperlykeepthemostbasicfunctions.Then,Istartedtreatment.Thefirstruleofmytreatmentprogramwaszeroexercise.Iwasn’tevenallowedtowalkaroundtheblock.Iwentfromexercisingforhourseverydaytonothing.ItwasthemostdifficulttimeIhadeverexperienced.Iwalkafineline:Istillexerciseeveryday,butIlimitittonomorethan2hours.Ihaveregularcheckupsatthedoctor,andkeepgoodphysicalandmentalhealth.Nowmygoalistoeducateothers.4.Whydidthewritertrytoreturntothehealthclubfromhome?A.escapetheconversationwithherhusband.B.Becauseshehadanexerciseaddiction.C.Becauseshehadn’tfinishedherplannedweighttraining.D.Outofastrongpassionforkeepingphysicalfitness.5.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph4?第5頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.describetheprocessofaging.B.listthedisadvantagesofworkout.C.paredifferenttypesofexerciseinjuries.D.showtheheavypriceofovertraining.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthetreatmentcourse?A.Itwasaninspiringjourneyofselfdiscovery.B.Itwasaneffortlessandstraightforwardprocess.C.Itapeacefulescapefromherdailypressures.D.Itpresentedherwiththegreatestchallengeofherlife.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A.Preventionisbetterthancure.B.Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.C.canhavetoomuchofagoodthing.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者因過(guò)度鍛煉導(dǎo)致身體出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，經(jīng)過(guò)治療后現(xiàn)在仍堅(jiān)持鍛煉但會(huì)控制時(shí)長(zhǎng)，并以此告誡大家要適度鍛煉。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ihadbeenupsince4a.m.running27milesinthedarkforanupingmarathon.Afterpletingmyruninjustoverfourhours,Ijumpedintomycar,headingtothehealthclubformyregularworkout.(我從凌晨427)”和第二段“IstayedlikedthatuntilIcouldsitupwithouttheroom.spinning(旋轉(zhuǎn)).Eventhen,Itriedtoheadtotheweightroom,butmyfriendinsistedthatIgohome,packingmeintomycarwithaseriouslook.(一位朋友把我抱下樓，我躺在長(zhǎng)沙發(fā)上。我一直喜歡這樣，直到我可以在沒(méi)有房間的情況下坐起來(lái)。即便如此，我還是試圖去舉重室，但我的朋友堅(jiān)持要我回家，嚴(yán)肅地把我塞進(jìn)車?yán)?”可知，作者過(guò)度鍛煉，由此可推知，作者試圖從家里返回健身俱樂(lè)部是因?yàn)樗羞\(yùn)動(dòng)癮。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Iwasjust30yearsold,yetIhadthebonedensity(密度)ofa60yearold.Duetooverexercisingandundereating,Ihadmorestressfractures(骨折)inmylegsandfeet.Myhairwasfallingout.Iwasunderweight.Icouldn’tsleep.Iwasfeelingcoldallthetime.MybloodpressurewasveryInshort,mybodywasnolongerabletoproperlykeepthemostbasicfunctions.(我才30歲，但我的骨密度卻和60歲的人一樣。由于過(guò)度鍛煉和飲食不足，我的腿和腳出現(xiàn)了更多的應(yīng)力性骨折。我的頭發(fā)在脫落。我體重不足。我第6頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)睡不著覺(jué)。我一直覺(jué)得冷。我的血壓很低。簡(jiǎn)而言之，我的身體不再能夠正常維持最基本的功能)”可知，本段介紹了作者糟糕的身體狀況，主要目的是展示過(guò)度訓(xùn)練的沉重代價(jià)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Then,Istartedtreatment.Thefirstruleofmytreatmentprogramwaszeroexercise.Iwasn’tevenallowedtowalkaroundtheblock.Iwentfromexercisingforhourseverydaytonothing.ItwasthemosttimeIhadeverexperienced.(被允許在街區(qū)周圍走動(dòng)。我從每天鍛煉幾個(gè)小時(shí)變成了一無(wú)所有。這是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)的最艱難的時(shí)刻)”可知，作者認(rèn)為治療過(guò)程是她人生中最大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ihadbeenupsince4a.m.running27milesinthedarkforanupingmarathon.Afterpletingmyruninjustoverfourhours,Ijumpedintomycar,headingtothehealthclubformyregularworkout.(我從凌晨427小時(shí)內(nèi)完成跑步后，我跳上車，前往健身俱樂(lè)部進(jìn)行常規(guī)鍛煉)”、第四段“Iwasjust30yearsold,yetIhadthebonedensity(密度)ofa60yearold.Duetooverexercisingandundereating,Ihadmorestressfractures(骨折)inmylegsandfeet.Myhairwasfallingout.Iwasunderweight.Icouldn’tsleep.Iwasfeelingcoldallthetime.MybloodpressurewasveryInshort,mybodywasnolongerabletoproperlykeepthemostbasicfunctions.(我才30歲，但我的骨密度卻和60歲的人一樣。由于過(guò)度鍛煉和飲食不足，我的腿和腳出現(xiàn)了更多的應(yīng)力性骨折。我的頭發(fā)在脫落。我體重不足。我睡不著覺(jué)。我一直覺(jué)得冷。我的血壓很低。簡(jiǎn)而言之，我的身體不再能夠正常維持最基本的功能)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，作者因過(guò)度鍛煉導(dǎo)致身體出現(xiàn)各種問(wèn)題，經(jīng)過(guò)治療后現(xiàn)在仍每天鍛煉但會(huì)控制時(shí)長(zhǎng)，由此可知，文章主要告訴我們“好事過(guò)頭反成壞事”的道理。故選C項(xiàng)。CSomespecialistsdoubtoftenusingnoisecancellingheadphonesagainstbackgroundnoisemayhurtpeople’shearingskills.ReneeAlmeida,anaudiologist(聽(tīng)力師)atahealthcaretrust,hasseenariseinadultswhovisitherclinicwithvarioushearingissuesbuttestssuggesttheirhearingisfine.Theproblemiswiththeirbrain,nottheirears.Theymayfailtolocatewhereasoundisfrom,orfollowaconversationwithfullattention.Thecondition,knownasauditory(聽(tīng)覺(jué)的)processingdisorder(APD),isoftenfoundinchildren,makingthemstruggletohearinclassroomsorfocusonaconversation.TheriseinadultswithsimilarissuesstruckAlmeidaasstrange.Shedoubtsthatthewidespreaduseofnoisecancellingheadphonesmaycauseearinfections(感染)andtheprocesschildrenlearntofocusonsounds.Foradults,itmaymaketheirbrainlazyprocessing第7頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)sounds,justasmusclesweakenwithoutexercise.There’snoscientificevidencethatnoisecancellingheadphonescauseAPD,butAPDabout3%5%ofschoolagedchildren.AccordingtoHarvey,aprofessorattheUniversityofManchester,listeningexperienceourabilitytoseparatebackgroundnoise.Interruptingwhatisheardcanbemoreproblematicforchildrenthanadults.Ifachildhasrepeatedearinfectionsbeforeagefive,they’llfindithardlatertofocusonsoundsfromonedirection.Surprisingly,manydon’tcatchupandneedtolearntheskillthroughtrainingonappssuchasSoundStorm.ProfessorDaniattheUniversityofMelbournesayspeoplewhousenoisecancellingheadphonesforlongperiodsmayfindlisteningharderwhentheytakethemButshesaysthebenefitsshouldnotbeoverlookedformanagingsensoryinputs.“Insteadofsuggestingabandoningnoisecancellingheadphones,weneedtostresstheneedformoreprehensiveresearchstudies,”sheadds.Fornow,ProfessorDaniremendsboneconduction(骨傳導(dǎo))headphonesandhearingtraining.Sheurgespatientstolistentoradiodebatesandtotakedownthelyricsofrapsongs.“There’sgreatbouncingabilityinthebrain.Makeantolistentowhat’sbeingsaid.”8.Whatproblemdonoisecancellingheadphonesbringabouttothewearers?A.Affectingtheirfocusofattention.B.Theirears’failuretolocatethesound.C.Resultingindamagetotheirhearing.D.Causingfailuretofollowaconversation.9.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Adultsrecoverfromhearinginterruptionmoreeasilythanchildren.B.Mostchildrenwithearlyearinfectionswilldevelopnormalhearing.C.Theabilitytoseparatebackgroundnoisecannotbeaffectedbyexperience.D.Earlychildhoodearinfectionscancauselaterauditoryprocessingproblems.10.WhydoesProfessorDanisuggestlisteningtoradiodebates?A.It’sforimprovingbouncingabilityintheears.B.It’seffectiveforchildrenundertheageoffive.C.Ithelpstrainthebraintobetterprocessandfocus.D.It’shelpfulforpeopletoabandonnoisecancelingheadphones.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.APDCanBeCuredwithProperExercise.B.SpecialistsCallAttentiontoAPDDisease.C.HeadphonesAreBeneficialtoMostAdults.第8頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)D.NoiseCancellingHeadphonesMayCauseaCondition.【答案】8.A9.D10.CD【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了降噪耳機(jī)可能引發(fā)聽(tīng)覺(jué)處理障礙這一問(wèn)題，專家對(duì)此進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究并給出建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Somespecialistsdoubtoftenusingnoisecancellingheadphonesagainstbackgroundnoisemayhurtpeople’shearingskills.ReneeAlmeida,anaudiologist(聽(tīng)力師)atahealthcaretrust,hasseenariseinadultswhovisitherclinicwithvarioushearingissuesbuttestssuggesttheirhearingisfine.Theproblemiswiththeirbrain,nottheirears.Theymayfailtolocatewhereasoundisfrom,orfollowaconversationwithfullattention.(ReneeAlmeida是一家醫(yī)療信托機(jī)構(gòu)的聽(tīng)力學(xué)家，她發(fā)現(xiàn)有越來(lái)越多的成年人因各種聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題前往她的診所，但測(cè)試表明他們的聽(tīng)力正常。問(wèn)題出在他們的大腦，而不是耳朵。他們可能無(wú)法找到聲音的來(lái)源，或者無(wú)法全神貫注地聽(tīng)對(duì)話)”可知，降噪耳機(jī)影響佩戴者注意力集中。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifachildhasrepeatedearinfectionsbeforeagefive,they’llfindithardlatertofocusonsoundsfromonedirection.(力聽(tīng)來(lái)自一個(gè)方向的聲音)”可知，幼兒時(shí)期的耳部感染會(huì)導(dǎo)致后來(lái)的聽(tīng)覺(jué)處理問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】Sheurgespatientstolistentoradiodebatesandtotakedownthelyricsofrapsongs.“There’sgreatbouncingabilityinthebrain.Makeantolistentowhat’sbeingsaid.”(她敦促患者聽(tīng)廣播辯)”可知，教授建議聽(tīng)廣播辯論是因?yàn)樗梢杂?xùn)練大腦更好地處理和集中注意力。故選C項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“There’snoscientificevidencethatnoisecancellingheadphonescauseAPD,butAPDabout3%5%ofschoolagedchildren.(礙會(huì)影響約3%5%的學(xué)齡兒童)問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DOneoftheworld’spoorestcountrieshasbeenhitbyadeadly6.0quake,whichtookplaceon31stAugustin第9頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)2025,pletelydestroyingseveralvillages.EarthquakesareaconstantdangerinAfghanistan—acountrywhichsitsacrossthreegeologicalbreaklines.Thepreviousmagnitude6.3earthquakestruckinOctober2023andwasfollowedbystrongaftershocks.ItwasAfghanistan’sdeadliestnaturaldisasterinrecentmemory,withthegovernmentestimating(估計(jì))4,000werekilled,thoughtheUNgaveafarlowernumberofaround1,500.Thismostrecenttectonic(地質(zhì)的)cracksnearthecityofJalalabadleavingmorethan800peopledead—representsthethirdmajorquakeinthepastfouryears.Butthepeopleofthispoornationarevulnerableinanumberofways.Theimpactofforeignaidcuts.Sincethetookcontrolin2021,theinternationalmunityhasreducedmuchoftheeconomicsupportwhichformedthelargepartofgovernmentspendinginAfghanistan.Evenhumanitarian(人道主義的)aid,whichgenerallygoesaroundgovernmentinstitutions,hasreducedgreatly—from$3.8bn(052.8bn)in2022to$767m(05566.6m)thisyear.TheUSgovernment,throughitsinternationaldevelopmentarmUSAID,provided45%ofallassistancegiventoAfghanistanlastyear—buttheadministrationhascutthosesums.TheUK,alongwithFrance,Germany,Sweden,andothershavealsomadedeepcutstohumanitarianaid.Asaresult,hundredsofhospitalsandlocalhealthclinicsinthecountryhavebeenshutthisyearandrelatedmedicalpostshavebeenlost.Thiscrisisesasthecountrytriestoabsorbmillionsofpeoplewhoescapedwhenthetookpower.Morethantwomillionhaveebackthisyear,withPakistanandIrantakingmeasurestoforcetheirreturn.Onarrival,theydiscoveracountrywheremorethanhalfthepopulationrequiresimmediatehumanitarianassistance,accordingtotheUN—withmillionssufferingfromlackoffood.LargepartsofnorthernAfghanistanhavebeenstrickenwiththelongtermdrought.Adisasterworsenedinanationthatranksasoneofthepoorest—andmosthopeless—onEarth.12.WhatcanweknowaboutearthquakesinAfghanistan?A.TheyaremondisastersinAfghanistan.B.The2025earthquakehasthelargestmagnitudeinrecentyears.C.The2023earthquakeisthedeadliestoneinhistory.D.The2023earthquakecausedabout1,500peopletolosetheirlives.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”meaninparagraph2?A.deeplyshockedB.easilyharmedC.physicallyweakD.mentallydisordered14.HowdoestheAfghanistangovernmentusuallygetthroughnaturaldisasters?A.Byleavingthemtochance.B.Bystandingonitsownfeet.第10頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)C.Bydependingonoutsidehelp.D.Bygettingeconomicsupportfrom15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Manypeople’sreturnstothehomelandwillworsenthecrisis.B.Thegovernmentiswellpreparedtoacmodatethereturningmillions.C.Manypeopleareforcedtoreturntotheirhomelandtofightagainstthedisaster.D.ThenaturaldisasterscauseAfghanistantobeoneofthepoorestcountries.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹阿富汗頻發(fā)地震，且因外援縮減、難民回流等問(wèn)題，在災(zāi)害面前處境艱難的現(xiàn)狀?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“EarthquakesareaconstantdangerinAfghanistan—acountrywhichsitsacrossthreegeologicalbreaklines.(地震在阿富汗是一種常見(jiàn)的危險(xiǎn)，這個(gè)國(guó)家地處三條地質(zhì)斷裂帶上。)”可知，地震在阿富汗是常見(jiàn)災(zāi)害。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theimpactofforeignaidcuts.Sincethetookcontrolin2021,theinternationalmunityhasreducedmuchoftheeconomicsupportwhichformedthelargepartofgovernmentspendinginAfghanistan.Evenhumanitarian(人道主義的)aid,whichgenerallygoesaroundgovernmentinstitutions,hasreducedgreatly—from$3.8bn(052.8bn)in2022to$767m(05566.6m)thisyear.(對(duì)外援助削減的影響不容忽視。自2021年塔利班掌權(quán)以來(lái)，國(guó)際社會(huì)大幅削減了此前占阿富汗政府開(kāi)支很大一部分的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。即便通常繞過(guò)政府機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)放的人道主義援助，也出現(xiàn)了大幅縮減——從2022年的38億美262.87.67556.6)院關(guān)閉、民生艱難等內(nèi)容，可推測(cè)阿富汗民眾在諸多方面都容易受到傷害。結(jié)合“vulnerable”的英文釋義為“易受攻擊的；易受傷害的”，可知該詞此處意為“easilyharmed”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“theinternationalmunityhasreducedmuchoftheeconomicsupportwhichformedthelargepartofgovernmentspendinginAfghanistan.Evenhumanitarian(人道主義的)aid...hasreducedgreatly(國(guó)際社會(huì)大幅削減了此前占阿富汗政府開(kāi)支很大一部分的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，就連人道主義援助也大幅減少)”可知，阿富汗政府以往應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害主要依靠外部援助。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】第11頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Asaresult,hundredsofhospitalsandlocalhealthclinicsinthecountryhavebeenshutthisyearandrelatedmedicalpostshavebeenlost.Thiscrisisesasthecountrytriestoabsorbmillionsofpeoplewhoescapedwhenthetookpower.Morethantwomillionhaveebackthisyear,withPakistanandIrantakingmeasurestoforcetheirreturn.Onarrival,theydiscoveracountrywheremorethanhalfthepopulationrequiresimmediatehumanitarianassistance,accordingtotheUN—withmillionssufferingfromlackoffood.(因此，該國(guó)今年已有數(shù)百所醫(yī)院和地方衛(wèi)生診所關(guān)閉，相關(guān)醫(yī)療崗位也隨之流失。這場(chǎng)危機(jī)恰逢阿富汗正試圖接納數(shù)百萬(wàn)在塔利班掌權(quán)時(shí)逃離的民眾之際。今年已有超過(guò)200朗采取了強(qiáng)制措施遣返他們。聯(lián)合國(guó)稱，這些人抵達(dá)后發(fā)現(xiàn)，這個(gè)國(guó)家超半數(shù)人口需要緊急人道主義援助，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人正遭受饑荒之苦。)”可推知，大量民眾回流會(huì)進(jìn)一步加重阿富汗本就嚴(yán)峻的危機(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouoftenpareyourselftootherpeople?Ithelpstomakedecisionsandboostyourmotivationbuttheycanalsopullyouintoaparisontrap.isitWhetherit’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredinfootballorthequantityofbooksyou’veread,it’seasytopareyourselftosomeoneelse.___16___Althoughparisonscanbenefityou,theyaren’talwayshelpfulandyoumightendupstuckinaparisontrap.Thishappenswhenyouconsistentlyjudgeyourselfbyothers’standardsandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.BeckyGoddardHillistheauthorofCreateOwnConfidence.___17___“paringup”referstoseeingsomeoneoutperformingyouandusingthattopushyourselftotryharder.However,GoddardHilladds,“Sometimesitcanknockyourconfidence.”___18___Whilethismightmakeyoufeelacplished,GoddardHillpointsout,itcanalsostopyoufromgettingbetter.___19___Ifyourfeelingsrelyonwhatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”advisesGoddardHill.Noticehowpeoplemakeyoufeelandspendtimewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsinsteadofmeasuringthemselvesagainstyou.Ifyoufollowsocialmediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailing,unfollowthem.“Seekoutonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowyoulovelyplacesinstead,”shesays.___20___“Thebestpersontopetewithisyourself,”saysGoddardHill.A.Getawayfromtheparisontrap.第12頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)B.Finally,focusonyourownprogress.Coftenpareyourselftoothers.D.Thinkaboutwhytheparisonisgoodforyou.E.Shesaysparisonscanleaveusfeelinggoodandbadaboutourselves.F.“paringdown”iswhenyoulookatsomeonewhoisnotdoingaswellasyou.G.Scientistsnoteit’saninbornhumanbehaviourthathelpshumanslearnfromeachother.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了與人比較的成因、利弊及擺脫比較陷阱、關(guān)注自身的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Whetherit’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredinfootballorthequantityofbooksyou’veread,it’seasytopareyourselftosomeoneelse.(無(wú)論是在足球比賽中進(jìn)球的數(shù)量，還是你讀過(guò)的書(shū)的數(shù)量，你都很容易將自己與他人進(jìn)行比較)”指出人們很容易將自己與他人進(jìn)行比較這一現(xiàn)象。G選項(xiàng)“Scientistsnoteit’saninbornhumanbehaviourthathelpshumanslearnfromeachother.(科學(xué)家指出，這是一種人類與生俱來(lái)的行為，有助于人類相互學(xué)習(xí))”對(duì)人們?nèi)菀着c他人比較這一行為進(jìn)行了解釋，說(shuō)明這是人類與生俱來(lái)且有助于相互學(xué)習(xí)的行為，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?7題詳解】上文“BeckyGoddardHillistheauthorofCreateOwnConfidence.(BeckyGoddardHill自信》一書(shū)的作者)”介紹了作者的身份，下文““paringup”referstoseeingsomeoneoutperformingyouandusingthattopushyourselftotryharder.(“向上比較”是指看到某人表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于你，并以此激勵(lì)自己更加努力)”說(shuō)明“向上比較”的積極作用。E選項(xiàng)“Shesaysparisonscanleaveusfeelinggoodandbadaboutourselves.(她說(shuō)比較會(huì)讓我們對(duì)自己感覺(jué)有好有壞)”中She指代上文提及的BeckyGoddardHill，承接上文，引出下文關(guān)于“向上比較”對(duì)自身的影響，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文““paringup”referstoseeingsomeoneoutperformingyouandusingthattopushyourselftotryharder.()”講述了“向上比較”的情況及其影響。F選項(xiàng)““paringdown”iswhenyoulookatsomeonewhoisnotdoingaswellasyou.(“向下比較”是指你看著一個(gè)做得不如你好的人)”與上文“向上比較”形成對(duì)比，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?9題詳解】第13頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)下文“Ifyourfeelingsrelyonwhatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”advisesGoddardHill.Noticehowpeoplemakeyoufeelandspendtimewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsinsteadofmeasuringthemselvesagainstyou.Ifyoufollowsocialmediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailing,unfollowthem.“Seekoutonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowyoulovelyplacesinstead,”shesays.(如果你的感受GoddardHill賞你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而不是與你攀比的朋友在一起。如果你關(guān)注的社交媒體賬號(hào)讓你覺(jué)得自己很失敗，那就取消關(guān))”主要講述了如何避免陷入比較陷阱。A選項(xiàng)“Getawayfromtheparisontrap.(擺脫比較陷阱)”概括了下文內(nèi)容，適合作為段落主旨句。故選A?！?0題詳解】上文圍繞如何擺脫比較陷阱展開(kāi)，下文““Thebestpersontopetewithisyourself,”saysGoddardHill.(GoddardHill)”強(qiáng)調(diào)要和自己競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。B選項(xiàng)“Finally,focusonyourownprogress.()符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)完形填空共小題每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Anika,aruralnativeofIndia,wasbornwithblindness.However,shehasalwaysbeendeterminedtolivea___21___andfulllife.Althoughherfamilywasnot___22___,herparentsmanagedtosendhertoalocalblindschool,whereshebeganlearningtoreadandwriteinBraille(盲文).Notknowinganyone,Anikafeltfrightenedand___23___,wonderingifshe’dfitinandgainasenseofbelonging.She___24___tokeepupwiththenewBraillelessonsandoftensatquietlyinthecornerduringbreaks.___25___,shemetMrs.Gupta,akindandpatientteacherwhoconsistentlyencouragedAnikatosticktoherdreams.Mrs.Gupta’ssupport,shequickly___26___inherstudiesandmademanynewfriends.Additionally,sheparticipatedinextracurricularactivities,includingdramaandmusic,whichfurtherenrichedherschoolexperience.Oneday,Anikawas___27___toaudition(試鏡)foraroleinaschoolplay.Thoughnervous,she___28___herselftodailypractice,repeatingher___29___forhoursuntilshefeltprepared.Attheaudition,Anikadeliveredapowerful___30___.Sheperformedherlineswithconfidenceandemotionsoshe___31___theattentionoftheentireaudience.Finally,shewasgiventheleadingrole.第14頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)Theplayprovedtobeagreatsuccess,withAnika___32___asastar.Aftertheplay,Anikawasinvitedtodeliveraspeechatalocalconference.Shespokeaboutherexperiencesasablindgirland___33___otherstopursuetheirdreamsfearlessly.Shefinallyfoundher___34___,andshewasreadytoshareitwiththeworld.Nowshetravelsgloballytoshareherinspiringstory,servingasapowerful___35___ofdeterminationandperseverance.21.A.fitB.fortableC.honourableD.independent22.A.B.ordinaryC.unifiedD.poor23.A.annoyedB.shockedC.calmD.lonely24.A.struggledB.petedC.survivedD.demanded25.A.StrikinglyB.ThankfullyC.ObviouslyD.Hopefully26.A.checkedoutB.workedoutC.stoodoutD.cutout27.A.selectedB.requestedC.beggedD.pared28.A.limitedB.buriedC.arrangedD.applied29.A.songsB.linesC.sayingsD.vocabulary30.A.descriptionB.speechC.performanceD.attitude31.A.drewB.turnedC.paidD.directed32.A.practicingB.appearingC.revivingD.improving33.A.attractedB.inspiredC.remendedD.challenged34.A.strengthB.sightC.voiceD.style35.A.reminderB.actressC.legendD.master【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.B34.C35.A【解析】Anika盲文，通過(guò)參加戲劇表演和演講等活動(dòng)找到自己的聲音，成為決心和毅力的榜樣?！?1題詳解】A.fitB.fortable舒適的；C.honourable光榮的；D.independentherparentsmanagedtosendhertoalocalblindschool,whereshebeganlearningtoreadandwriteinBraille(盲文).”以及下文描述Anika努力學(xué)習(xí)盲文，參加課外活動(dòng)等可知，Anika想過(guò)獨(dú)立的生活。故選D?！?2題詳解】第15頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她的家庭并不富裕，但她的父母還是設(shè)法把她送到了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐拿と藢W(xué)校。A.富裕的；B.ordinary普通的；C.unified統(tǒng)一的；D.poorherparentsmanagedtosendhertoalocalblindschool”可推知，此處表示家庭不富裕的條件下，Anika的父母還是送她上學(xué)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不認(rèn)識(shí)任何人，Anika感到害怕和孤獨(dú)，不知道她是否能融入并獲得歸屬感。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.shocked震驚的；C.calm平靜的；D.lonely孤獨(dú)的。根據(jù)“Notknowinganyone”可知，Ani