organizationsbasedontherequirementsofDocument(JofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentofthePeoplesRepublicofChina-thePlanforDevelopingandRevisingNationalEngineeringConstructionStandardsin2010.Duringtheprocessofpreparation,thestandardteamrequestedandsolicitedcommentsfrominvolvedorgexperiencesfromengineeringprbeencompletedandreviewedbyanexpertpgeneralprovisions,termsandsymbols,classificationofloadsandrepresentativevaluesofpermanentloads,variablelThisCodemainlyspecifdeterminingtheirvaluesinpetrochemicalproduction,storageandhandlingfacilities;2.Methodsusedforcalculatingthewindloadsonthespeci3.Criteriausedfordeterminingthepartialfactorsofvariousloads;4.Methodsofloadeffectscombinationforeachcase.TheprovisionsprintedinboldtypearecompulsoryandmTheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentofthePeople'sRepuchargeofadministrationofthisCodeandexplanationofitscompulsoryprovisions,ChinaPetrochemicalCorporation(SinopecGroup)isresponsibleforIncorporationistaskedforexplanationofspecifictechnikindlyrequestedtosumupandaccumulateexperiencesinactualpracticesduringthimplementingthisCode.TherelevantoPetrochemicalIndustryinSinopecChaoyangDistrict,Beijing,postcode:Chiefdevelopmentorganization,ParticipatingDevelopmentOrganizations,ChiefDraftingStaffandChiefReviewingStaffofthisCode:ChiefDevelopmentOrganization:ParticipatingDevelopmentOrgaSinopecLuoyangEngineeringCWisonEngineeringChiefDraftingStaff:HuangZuojianLiuHongkunWangSongshengWangYaodongLiYibingRenYiYangDongHeChiefReviewingStafLiLichangZhangRonggangQiuZhenghuaWuXiaopingYinHuXianbingZhaoYongWa 1.0.1ThisCodeisdevelopedwithaviewtoadaptingtotheneedofthedstructuresinpetrochemicalindustryandmeetingtherequirementsofsafety,usability,e1.0.2ThisCodeisapplStandardforReliabilityDesignofEngineeringStructuresandGB50009LoadCodeforDesignofBuildingStructures.1.0.4Theactionsinvolvedindesignofbuildingsstructuralmemberdeformation,temperaturevariationsofequipmentandpiexplosion).ThisCodeonlyspecifiestheprovisions,forthetemperaturevariationandexp.5InadditiontotherequifbuildingsandspecialstructuresinpetrochemicalispecifiedintherelevantcurrentnationalcodLoadofwhichthevaluedoesnotvarywithtimeduringthestructureserviceperiod,orofwhichthevariationmaybeneglectedcomparedwiththeaveragevalue,orofwh2.1.2VariablelLoadofwhichthevaluevarieswithtimeduringthestructurevariationcannotbeneglectedcomparedwiththeaveragevalue.LoadwhichisavariableloequipmenttemperatureactionandvibrationloadoperationcaseduringthestructuthemaintenancecaseduriLoadwhichisavariableload,suchastheweightofwaterfohydraulictestandpneumaticactionfrompneumatictestfortheequ2.1.7RepresentativevalueofaloadValueofloadstobeadoptedintheverificatvalue,combinationvalue,frequentv2.1.8DesignreferenceTimeparameterwhichisselectedtodeterminetherepresentativevalueofvariableload.Basicrepresentativevalueofloadandcharacteristicvalueofmaximumloadstatisticaldistriwithinthedesignreferenceperiod(suchasmean,modemedianorsometantile).Forvariableload,loadvaluewhichcanmaketheexceedanceprobabiliwithinthedesignreferenceperiodconsForvariableload,loadvaluethatthetotalexceedancetimeisabouthalfoftheperiodwithinthedesignreferenceper2.1.13DesignvalueofaloProductofrepresentativevalueandpartialfactorofaload.ReactionofstructureoreliabilityinthelCombinationofpermanentloadCombinationofpermanentload,variableloadandofbearingcapacity.2.1.18CharacteristiCombinationthatadoptscharact2.1.19Frequentrepresentativevalueofaloadforverificationoflimitstateofnormaluse.Forvariableload,combinationthatadoptsquasi-permanentvloadforverificationoflimitstateofnormalnotbeneglectedcomparedwithstafwhichthevalueistheratioofmaximumdyC——Specifiedlimitwhenthestructureormemberreachesthenormaluserequirements;R——Designvalueofresistanceofstructuralmember;SA——DharacteristicvalueofresistanceoS——DesignvalueofloSGk——CharacteristicvalueofpermaSQk——CharacteristicvaluYo——ImportancefactorofstYG——PartialfactorofpermanentlYEh——PartialfactorofhorizoYEv——PartialfactorofverticYGE——Partialfactorofgravityload;Y1——AdjustmentfactorofvariableloadconsiYQ—Partialfactorofvariableload;Yw——Partialfactorofwindl4c——Combinationvaluecoefficientofvarψ——Frequentvaluecoefficientofvariableload;4q——Quasi-permanentvaluecoefficientofvariableload;ψw——Combinationvaluecoefficient3.0.1Theloadsonst1Permanentload:includingstructureweightofinsulationonequipmentandpiping,soilpressureandprestressetc.2Variableload:includingtheoperatingloads,maintenanceloadsan3Accidentalloads:inclumomentsofmotorshortcircuit.loadsshalladoptdifferentre2Forvariableloadspermanentvalueshall3Foraccidentalloacharacteristicsofthebuildingsandspecialstructuresinpetrochemical3.0.3Thedeterminationoftherepresentativevalueofvariableloadssha3.0.4Thecharacteristicvaluesofloadsshallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsofeachchapterof3.0.5Forverificationoflimitstateofbearingcapacityorlimit/stateofnormaluseaccordingtotherepresentativevalueaccordingtothespecifiedloadcombination.Thecombinationvalueofvariable3.0.6Forverificationoflimitstateofnormaluseaccordingtofrequentcombination,variableloadshalltakethefrequentvalueorquasi-permanentvalueasitsrepresentativevalue;forverificpermanentcombination,thequasi-permanentvalueoffrequentvalueofvariableloadshallbethecharacteristicvalueofvariableloadmultivaluecoefficient.Thequasi-permanentvalueofvariableloadshallbethecharacteristicvalueofvariableloadmultipliedbythe4.0.1Thepermanentloadshallcovertheself-weightofstructuralmecourseanddecoration(includingthesurfacecourseofanticorrosionandfire-proof),self-equipmentandpiping,weightofequipmentatinstalledonequipment),weightofinsulationandliningofequpressureofstillwaterlevel,pr4.0.2Thecharacttothedesigndimensionofthestructuralmemberandthematerialunitweight.4.0.3Theunitweightofthecommonmaterialandmembermaytakeitsaveragevalue;forthematerialstructuralmembersfacommonlyusedmaterialsandmembeLoadCodeforDesignofBuildingStructures.valuesofvariableloadssthermalactionsshallbedefinedloadsshallbeinaccordancewithChap5.1.2Thedifferentvaluesofliveloadsoeachloadcaseaccordingtoloadsshallincludetheweightsofactionsofcontentsandequipmentvibrationloads(inclucatalystfluctuation,andtheequivalentloadsofaircoolerfansandmotor5.1.4Maintenanceloadsshallbeincludedinthecalloadsshallincludebtheweightofwaterorliquidusedforhydrostaticallytestingtheequipmentandpiping,andthepneumaticactionsonthestructuresduringpneumaticte5.1.6ThesnowloadsonGB50009LoadCodeforDesignpfBuildingStructures.Snowloadsmaynotbeconsideredfortheplatformsofspecials5.1.7Theself-weightofthepartitionsandoperationplatformsarrangvariableloads.Theself-weightoftheunfixedpartitionshallbecwallweightperlinear5.1.8Thecraneloadsshallbeadoptedac5.1.9Theice-coveredloadson5.1.10Thedesignvalueofloadofsteelladders/stairsandproterelevantprovisionsofcurrentnaandPlatforms.Thisloadmaynotbeconsideredforglobala5.1.11Thesurchargdeterminedaccordingtotheactua5.2.1Ashloadsanticipatedinthesurroundingenvironmentandadjacentbuildings(includingadjacentplants).5.2.2Ashloadsshallbecalculatedaccording5.3.1ThevalueofdynamiccalculatedbyspecifiedprocalculatedbymultiplyingtheweightofequipmentbythedynacoefficientmaybeadoptedaccordingtoaccordingtoSection7.3ofthis5.3.4Thedynamicactionsgeneratedfromheavycargo5.3.5Whencalculatingthestrengthsofvibrationpipingandth1Theverticalloadsa2Forrigidpipera3Foranchorpiperack,thedynamiccoefficientofreactingforcefrompipeexpansionjointshould4Iftheloadsarepmultiplythedynamiccoeffi5Forthevibrationpipshallbedeterminedaccordingtoa5.3.6Theverticalloadsandhorizontalthrustsoncross-overpipe5.4EquivalentLoadsofAirCoolerFansand5.4.1ThecharacteristicvalueofequivaaccordingtothefollowiWhere,Fvk——characteristicvalueofequivalentverticalloadofeachfanandmotor(kN);GK——characteristicvalueofgravityloadoffanandmotor(kN).5.4.2Thecharacteristicvaluesofequivalenthorizontalloadsoffansandmotorsmaybecalculatedby1Ifoneaircoolerisinstalled,itscharacteristicvalueofequivalenthorizontallcalculatedaccordingtothefollowWhere,FaK——characteristicvalueofequivalenthorizontalloa2Iftwoaircoolersareinstalled,theircharacteristicWhere,FaK1,FaK2——characteristicvalueofequivalenthoriz(kN).3Ifmorethantwoaircoolersareinstalled,theircharacteristicvaluesofequivalenthorizontalWhere,FaKn—characteristicvalueofequivalenthorizontalloadofthefanandmo(kN).5.5BundlePullLoads5.5.1Formaintenancecase,thecharacteristicvaluesofbuddlepullloads_appliedaelevationofheatexchangersshouldbecalculatedbyformula5.5.1.Ifexpeavailable,buddlepullloadsmaybedeterminedaccordingtoactualconditions,andiffixedtuheatexchangersareusWhere,FbK——characteristicvalueofbundlepullload;GbK——characteristicvalueofweightofbundleinheate5.5.2Forstackedheatexchbundlepullloadoftheequipmentthatismostu5.6.1Influenceontequipmentshallbeconsideredinadditio5.6.2ThermalactionscausedbyambientandGB50051CodeforDesignofChimnstructuresduetoexpansionorcontractionofequipmentandpipingdurinvariationsofthecontentscontainedinandverticalloadsonthexpansionorcontractionforces(orfrictionforce)ofeqexpansionjointsandpushingforcesofslopedpiping(itisknownashorizontalthrustforpiperack).5.6.4ThecharacteristicvaluesofvariationsofthecontentscontainedintheequipmentduringnormaloperationshalloffrictionforceduetotemperaturevariationofthecontentsintheWhere,Fk——characteristicvalueoffrictionforceatthesurfaceμ——frictioncoefficientbetweenequipmentbaseconcrete,0.3forthecasewherethesuppwherethesupportingsurfaceisssupportingsurfaceispolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)plate,andcoefficientofrollingGBk——characteristicvalueofverticalloadonequipmentsupport5.6.5Horizontalthrustsofanchorpiperackshallincthereactionforcesofslidingpiperack.5.6.6Ifthepipingsupportedbythemembersofslidingpiperackmeetsoneoffolthehorizontalthrustsma2Thereareatleast10pipes,andthemaximumtemperat3Theratiooftheweightofmainhotpipetothetotalweightofallpipesislessthan0.15.thehorizontalthrustontheslidingpiperack,andthecharacteristicvalueofhorizontalthrustoWhere,Fgkcharacteristicvalueofhorizontalthr—tie-upcoefficient,itshallfGk——characteristicvalueofpipeverticalloado5.6.8Iftheequivalenthorizontalthrustrizontalthrustmaybetakenasthehorizontalthrustonpiperack,andthefWhere,F——characteristicvalueofequivalenthorizontalthrustonpiperack;B,——lateralrigidityofpiperackinlongitudinH——heightofpiperack.5.6.9Whencalculatingthetie-upcoefficient,k;,theratiooftheweightofmainhotpipetothetotalweightofallpipes,a,shallbecalculatedaccord1Forbeamdesign,thetotalweightofallpipesonthi2Forcolumnandfoundatleveltocalculatea,aNotes:1Forcolumnandfoundationdesign,ifthespacingbetweenthelarge,thetie-upcoefficientshallbe2Forcolumnandfoundationdesign,ifthelargepipesareattoplevethehorizontalthrustsh5.6.10Tie-upcoefficient,k,2Wherethenumberofpipes,n,isequalto3,tie-upcoefficie3Wherethenumberofpipes,n,isnotlessthan)4,tie-upcoeffthefollowingrequire2)Ifaisnotlessthan03)Ifaislargerthan0.6andlessthan0.8,interpolatio4)Tie-upcoefficient,k;,shall6.1.1Thepermanentloadsonthebuildingsshallincludetheweightsweightsofpermanentfittings,theweightsofequipmentandpipingsupportedonthestructure,theweightsofladders,platformsandsuabletrays,andtheweightsofanti-corrosioncoating,insulafcoatingofstructure,equipmentaloads,windloads,snowloads,dynamicloads,craneloads,weighandpipingsupportedonstructuredu6.1.3Whencalculatibasicwindpressurevalue,shapecoefficient,exposurfactoratheightzshallbedeterminedbasedonthelypes6.1.4Forbuildingsrequiringblastresistantdesign,theparametersofshockwaveexplosionshouldbebasedonexplos6.1.5ThecharacteristicvaluesofaccidentalloadsmaybenationalstandardGB50009LoadCodeforDesignofBuildingStructures.6.2.1Thecharacteristicvaluesofuniformlydistributedliveloadsonthefloorsofbuilditheplatformsinthebuaccordingtothefollowingrequirements:2Forlabs,itshallbedeterminedaccordingtoact3Forthestaircasesandstairlandingsofprocessbuildings,itshouldnotb4Forothertypesofbuildings,i6.2.2Thecharacteequipmentareainthebuildingsformainandtheirvaluestakenshallcomplywiththefollowinbuildingsandpowerstations,anditmaybetakenas4.0kN/m2foro6Itshouldbetakenas6.0kN/m2forthebuildingswherereactors,stent7Itshouldbetakenas5.0kN/m2fortheb9Itshouldbetakensurroundingtheheatexchangersorsimilarequipmentinth2.0kN/m2fornon-maintenancea6.2.3Uniformlydistributedliveloadsonfloorsinaccordingtothefollowingrequireme1Theloadsshallnotbe2Whendesigningfollorbeamssupportingequipment,framebeamsaiftheirload-bearingatothefollowingrequirements:floorsshallbetakenaccordingtoactualco2)Formaintenancecase,ifthecharacteristicvaluesofloadsonthebuildingfloorsarelessthanorequalto10kN/m2,theirreductionfactothebuildingtloorsarelacharacteristicvalueofloadsonthebuildingfloorsshallnotbelessthan3)Formaintenancecase,theremulti-floorwarehousesshallbetakenaccordingtoactualconditions,bu6.3.1Inadditiontotherequirementtothecurrentnationalstandard6.3.2Ifproductionequipmentorpipingisinstalledontheroofsofbuildings,theuniformlydistributed6.3.3Aloadmarginof0.3kN/m2shouldbeprovidedforself-watertightreinforcedcon6.3.4Whendesigningtherooftrussesorroofbeams,theindoorsaccordingtoactual7.1.1Thepermanentloadsonthespecialstructuresshallincludethofequipmentandpipingsupportedonthestrobjectssupportedonthestweightsofanticorrosioncoating,insulationandfire-proofcoatingofstructure,equipmentandpiping.7.1.2Thevariableloadsontheloads,dynamicloads,craneloads,weightsofcontents(materials)containedinequipmentandsupportedonstructures,vithermalactionfromsuchequipmentandpipingduringnomaintenancecase,waterloadduringhydrostatictestandpneumaticloadduringpneumatic7.1.3Theloadsontrenches,wellsandwaterbasinssnationalstandardsGB50069WasteWaterEngineeringandSH/T3132SpecificationforStructuralDesignofPetrochemicalReinforcedConcretePool.Theloadsofconstructionmachinesortrafficvehiclesonthetopslabsofundergroundtrenches,wellsanGB50051CodeforDesigno7.1.6Thecharacteristicvaluesofa7.1.7Thecharacteristicvalueofverticalimpadrummaybetakenas37.2.1Theminimumcharacteplatformsinnon-maintenanceareasshouldbetakenasNormaloperationandhydrostat123457.2.2Whendesigningtheplatformbeamssupportingequipment,framebeafoundations,thecharacteristicvaluesofuniformlthisCodeshallbereduced,andthereductionfacto7.2.3Forhigh-risingstructureswithstacks,theliveloadsontheplatformsmaynotbeconsideredfordesigno7.2.4Formaintenanceorinstallationcase,ifheavymaintenanceequipmentandothertooltemporarilyplacedonanylocationsoftheplatforms,theflooring,secondtheplatformsshallbedesignedaccordingtoactualco7.3CatalystVibr7.3.1Thevibrationloadsgenerateaccordingtoactualconditions.ForFCCahorizontaldirectionbythevibrationforcesgeneratedinreactorsandregthegravitycenterofcatalyst.ThecharacteristicvaluesofvibrationforcesmaybecalculatedaccordingtoWhere,Fnk——characteristicvalueofhorizontalvibrationforcegeneratedduetocatalystfreactororregenerator(N);m——massofcatalystinreactororregeneratorg——accelerationofgravity,it7.3.2Thrustsofregeneratorandreactorstandpipesshallbecalculatedseparandequipmentinstallationcase.Eccentricactionsofthepipingandauxiliconsideredfordesignofthesupportstructuresfortowertypeequipm7.4.1Thebasicw2Forhydrostatictestcase,thebasicwindpressurevalueshouldbetakenas0.153Whenoutdoorcraneloadisconsider7.4.2Derrickofexhaustandflarestack,chimneys,frameswithheiperiodlongerthan0.25sshallconformtoofBuildingStructures,andeffectofalong-windvibrationshallbeconsidered.ChimneysandverticalCodeforDesignofBuildingStructuresandGB50135CodeforDesignofHigh-risingStructures,andtheeffectofacross-windNote:theheightofstructureshallincludetheheightofequipment.7.4.3Windloadsactingonstructuthefollowingrequirements:1Theshapecoefficientofroundmembersshouldbetakenas0.7,andtheshashouldbetakenas0.26m2/m,andtheshapecoefficientofthehandrailsandhandraintofsteelfwindwardsteelladderswithoutcagesshouldbetakenas0.13m2/m,windwardsteelladdersareaofsteelstairatnominaldirectionshouldbetheenvelopewidthofsteelstaipipes,cabletraysandladderswithhandrails.Windloadsactingonpiperackme1Effectofwindvibrationmaynotbeconsideredforpaccordingtothesamemethodfordetermi3Thewindloadings4Thesolidareaofpipingatradialdirectionshouldbecalculatediameterofthepipeswithinsulationonthepiperackbeamsplus10%ofbentwidthmultiplyingthe5Theeffectivecalculatedbythesumoftheheightofcabletraysplus10%ofbentwidthmultiplyiheightofcabletraysmultiplyingthebentspacing;7Windloadsalongpipingandcabletr8Theeffictivesolidareaofverticalpipebendsshouldbecalculatedby90%ofbentwidthmultiplyingtheheightofverticalpipebends,theshieldingbetweengroupsofverticalpipebendsmaynotbeconsidered,theshap9Longitudinalwindloadsmaynotbeconsideredforth7.4.5Theeffectsofamplifyingorshieldingfromthecalculatingthewindloadsactingonequipment.Theshapecoefficientofver1Ifthewindactingdirectionloadingshapecoefficientoftheouterequipmentshouldbedeterminedbaspipes(doubletower)ordenselyarrayedpipes(towers)asspeGB50009LoadCodeforDesignofBui2IfthewindactingdirectionisparaLoadCodeforDesignofBuildingStructures.7.4.6Whenwindisalonghorizontalcylindricalequipment,thewindlo7.4.7Thewindloadingshapecoefficientofsmall-sizeverticalcylas0.7.Forequipmentlikereactorandregeneratorwithheightregeneratorwithheighttooutsidedi7.4.8Thewindlo7.4.9Whencalculatingthesolidareaofequipment,itshallincludethethicknessoinsulation.Windloadseparately,thewindloadsontheverticalandhorizontalequipmentwithdiameternotlargerthan200mmandvalvesmaybecalculatedbyaddin7.4.10Thewindloadingamplificationcoefficientsofthemembersofthestructuresforequipmentlikereactorandregeneratorshouldbetakenas1.2.Thewindloadingam7.4.11Ifthetowerisprovidedwithplatforms,thewindloadsontowershallmultiplytheamplificationcoefficients.Theamplifihan3.5m,andifhislafTable7.4.11AmplificationcoefficientsofwindloadsactingontNotes:1Theeffectsofwindloadsonequipmentacessortheequipmentvalveshavebeenincluded;2Ifthetowerdiameterisvariable,theweightedaveragediametercalculatedbasedontheheightandDofeachseg7.4.12Theshapecofundamentalperiod,T,ofthesphericaltank Note:Interpolationmaybeusedforcalculatingtheintermediatevalues.7.4.13Thewindloadsonfratothefollowingrequiremattachments.Thestructuralmemberssattachmentsshallincludethehandrailsandofequipment,pipingand/cabletrays.Fortheherringbone-shaped,splayed,X-shapedanbracinginparallelwiththewinddirectionbetweentwoframebeincluded,andthefire-proofcoatingofthemembersshallbeincludedwhencalculatingthesolidareasofthemembers;multiplythereductionfactor.ThereductionfactorshouldbecalculWhere,A——solidareaofbeamtosupportthesolidfloorofthefirstwindwardframe;onthestructuralmembersand2Effectivesolidareaofpipingoneachfloorofframeshouldbe10%ofsolilongitudinaldirec3Whereseveralpiecesofhorizontalequipmentareuniformlyarrangedontheplatform,tonthelargestequipmenontheequipmentandpipingmaybereducedinaccordancewithAppendixBofthisCode,theloadsontheequipmentandpipingabovetopfloorofplatandpipingonheatexchangerframewithoutlongf7.4.16ThewindloadsonstructuresshallbecaadCodeforDesignofBuildfHigh-risingStructures.8.1.1Forstructuraldesignofcombinationsshallbedeterminedbasedonultimatelimioperationcase,mainte8.1.2ForthelimitstateofbeariThecalculationofseismicresistanceofcross-sectionsofstructuralmemberss