高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市房山區(qū)2025-2026學年高一上學期11月期中英語試題第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Growingup,Iunderstoodonethingaboutmydad:Hekneweverything.Thiswasour___1___:Iaskedhimquestionsandhetoldmetheanswers.Inmyteenyears,hetaughtmethingsI’dneedto___2___onmyown,likehowtocheckacar’stire(輪胎)pressure.Later,Imovedoutandcalledhimwheneversomethingbroke.ThenIgotmarried,andmyhusbandusuallyknewthe___3___.Conversationsbetweenmyfatherandme___4___tosixwords:“Hi,Dad.”“Hi,sweets.Here’sMom.”Iguesshehadalready___5___everythingIneededtoknow.Lastsummer,Dadaskedmetohelphimbuildabulkhead(防水墻)attheirdock.I___6___,thoughtheideaofhardworkscaredme.Aswepiecedthewoodtogether,mydadkneweverystep.“Howdoyouknowallthis?”Iasked.“IbuiltbulkheadsonecollegesummerontheJerseyShore.”“Youdid?”Isaidin___7___.IthoughtIkneweverythingaboutmydad.ButIneverknewthis.I___8___thatmaybeit’snotthatthere’snothinglefttosay.Maybeit’sjustthatI’vespentmylifeaskinghimthe___9___questions.Weekslater,Idialedfromhome.Dadanswered,“Hi,sweets.Here’sMom.”“Wait,Dad.Howareyou?”Wetalkedabouthisworkandourlife.Thiswas____10____—anewbeginning.Ispentthefirstpartofmylifeneedingtotalktomydad.NowItalktohimbecauseIwantto.1.A.argument B.relationship C.schedule D.friendship2.A.travel B.survive C.succeed D.socialize3.A.answers B.responsibilities C.topics D.characters4.A.reduced B.referred C.added D.belonged5.A.selected B.created C.noticed D.shared6.A.refused B.regretted C.agreed D.volunteered7.A.anger B.surprise C.confidence D.confusion8.A.realized B.admired C.commented D.warned9.A.proper B.sensitive C.wrong D.negative10.A.adventurous B.odd C.typical D.novel【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.A5.D6.C7.B8.A9.C10.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者曾認為父親無所不知卻逐漸減少交流，一次幫父親建防水墻時發(fā)現(xiàn)其未知經(jīng)歷，醒悟過往提問局限，重啟主動溝通，開啟父女關(guān)系新篇。【1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是我們的關(guān)系：我問他問題，他告訴我答案。A.argument爭論；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.schedule日程；D.friendship友誼。根據(jù)下文“Iaskedhimquestionsandhetoldmetheanswers”可知，這描述的是作者與父親之間的相處模式，屬于二人關(guān)系的核心體現(xiàn)，relationship符合語境。故選B項?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我青少年時期，他教我一些我獨立生活所需的技能，比如如何檢查汽車輪胎壓力。A.travel旅行；B.survive生存；C.succeed成功；D.socialize社交。根據(jù)下文“howtocheckacar’stire(輪胎)pressure”以及語境可知，“檢查汽車輪胎壓力”是日常生活中實用的生存技能，能幫助作者獨立應對生活瑣事，survive符合“滿足基本生活需求”的語境。故選B項。【3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來我結(jié)婚了，我丈夫通常都知道答案。A.answers答案；B.responsibilities責任；C.topics話題；D.characters性格。根據(jù)上文“Iaskedhimquestionsandhetoldmetheanswers”可知，作者以前遇到問題會向父親要答案，結(jié)婚后丈夫接替了這一角色，answers是原詞復現(xiàn)。故選A項。【4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我和父親的對話減少到六個字：“嗨，爸爸?！薄班耍瑢氊?。給你媽媽?！盇.reduced減少；B.referred提及；C.added增加；D.belonged屬于。根據(jù)上文“myhusbandusuallyknewthe”可知，作者結(jié)婚后有問題通常問丈夫，所以與父親的交流變少，對話內(nèi)容簡化，reduced符合“數(shù)量減少、范圍縮小”的語境。故選A項?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我猜他已經(jīng)分享了我需要知道的一切。A.selected選擇；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.noticed注意到；D.shared分享。根據(jù)上文“Iaskedhimquestionsandhetoldmetheanswers”可知，上文提到父親一直通過回答問題、傳授技能的方式給予作者知識，這些都是他主動分享的內(nèi)容，shared符合“傳遞信息、分享經(jīng)驗”的語境。故選D項。【6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我同意了，盡管艱苦工作的想法讓我害怕。A.refused拒絕；B.regretted后悔；C.agreed同意；D.volunteered自愿。根據(jù)下文“Aswepiecedthewoodtogether”可知，作者最終和父親一起搭建了防水墻，說明她答應了父親的請求，agreed符合語境。故選C項?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你真的做過？”我驚訝地說。A.anger憤怒；B.surprise驚訝；C.confidence自信；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)上文“IthoughtIkneweverythingaboutmydad.ButIneverknewthis”可知，作者從未知道父親大學時建過防水墻，得知真相后感到意外，surprise符合“意外發(fā)現(xiàn)未知事實”的語境。故選B項?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到，也許并不是沒有什么可說的了。A.realized意識到；B.admired欽佩；C.commented評論；D.warned警告。根據(jù)下文“maybeit’snotthatthere’snothinglefttosay”并結(jié)合前文發(fā)現(xiàn)父親的未知經(jīng)歷可知，作者覺得并不是和爸爸沒有什么可說的了，這是一種思想上的頓悟，realized符合“突然明白”的語境。故選A項。【9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也許只是我這輩子都在問他錯誤的問題。A.proper合適的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.wrong錯誤的；D.negative消極的。根據(jù)上文“Inmyteenyears,hetaughtmethingsI’dneedtoonmyown,likehowtocheckacar’stire(輪胎)pressure.”以及語境可知，作者以前只問生活瑣事的答案，卻沒關(guān)注過父親的經(jīng)歷和生活，這些問題無法促進深入交流，所以是“錯誤的”，wrong符合語境。故選C項?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這很新奇——一個新的開始。A.adventurous冒險的；B.odd奇怪的；C.typical典型的；D.novel新奇的。根據(jù)前文對話只縮減到六個字，以及下文“anewbeginning”可知，作者主動詢問父親的生活，這種深入交流是以前沒有過的，novel符合“全新、前所未有的”語境。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TodayIwasinaschoolplay,butMom____11____(miss)it.Later,onthephonesheexplainedthatshewasbusywithwork.Iknowshehasbeenbusyrecently,andIunderstandthat.I’mjustworriedabouther.Ithinksheneedstotakesometimeoffworktorelax.Itoldhermyworries.Tomakeupforitnextweekweplantogotothecountrysidetogether.We____12____(go)campingandhaveapicnic.I’m____13____(real)lookingforwardtoit.【答案】11.missed12.willgo13.really【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者參加學校戲劇演出時媽媽未能到場觀看，作者雖理解媽媽可能因忙碌錯過，但內(nèi)心仍有失落；隨后提到接下來計劃和媽媽去露營野餐，對此滿懷期待。【11題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：今天我參加了學校演出，但媽媽錯過了。本句是but連接的并列句，miss作后句的謂語，根據(jù)前句的was可知，用一般過去時。故填missed?！?2題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我們要去露營和野餐。本句是and連接的并列句，go作前句的謂語，根據(jù)上文的時間狀語nextweek可知，此處用一般將來時，根據(jù)后文的have，此處用will+動詞原形。故填willgo?！?3題詳析】考查副詞。句意：我真的很期待。空處修飾空后的動詞短語，用副詞修飾。故填really。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WalkandTalkisagroupwhich____14____(meet)everySunday.Itisfreetojoin.WalkandTalkisperfectforanyonewhoseweekendsneedsomeexcitement.Weareallteenagers____15____loveworkingandmakingnewfriends.Wewantyoutojoin____16____(we)!Thenextwalkwhichisopentonewmembersis____17____22November.Youcanalsobringyourfriends.However,anyoneyoubringmustbeover12yearsold.【答案】14.meets15.who/that16.us17.on【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了青少年徒步交友團體WalkandTalk的相關(guān)信息及招募要求?！?4題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“WalkandTalk”是一個每周日聚會的團體。which引導定語從句，修飾先行詞agroup，關(guān)系詞which代替先行詞在從句中作主語，根據(jù)everySunday可知，句子描述經(jīng)常性動作，時態(tài)應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語用meet的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填meets。【15題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：我們都是熱愛學習和結(jié)交新朋友的青少年?？仗幰龑ФㄕZ從句，先行詞是teenagers，指人，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，應用who或that引導。故填who/that?！?6題詳析】考查代詞。句意：我們希望你加入我們！空處作join的賓語，應用人稱代詞賓格us。故填us?！?7題詳析】考查介詞。句意：下次對新成員開放的步行活動是在11月22日?？仗幈硎尽霸诰唧w某一天”，應用介詞on。故填on。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Whenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotof____18____(familiar)words.Youmightthinkthisisabitscary.Butmanyofthemareformedusingothersimplerwords.This____19____(call)wordformation.Wordsformedbycombiningotherwordsarecompounds,suchas“pen-friend”and“well-known”.Somenounsandadjectivescanbeusedasverbsortheotherwayround.Forexample,whenwecalmall____20____(child)downintheclassroom,theybecomecalm.Similarly,wecanwatertheplantswithsomewater.【答案】18.unfamiliar19.iscalled20.children【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了字典中很多不熟悉的單詞源于構(gòu)詞法，包括復合詞構(gòu)成、名詞與形容詞等詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，了解這些能幫助理解單詞。【18題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：當你打開字典時，經(jīng)常會遇到很多不熟悉的單詞。結(jié)合后文“Youmightthinkthisisabitscary(你可能覺得有點嚇人)”可知，此處指“不熟悉的”單詞會讓你害怕，需用familiar的反義詞unfamiliar，符合語境。故填unfamiliar?！?9題詳析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這被稱為構(gòu)詞法。此空考查謂語動詞，句子描述客觀定義，應用一般現(xiàn)在時；“this”（指代前文的構(gòu)詞方式）與“call”之間為被動關(guān)系，主語為單數(shù)。故填iscalled?！?0題詳析】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：例如，當我們讓教室里所有的孩子都平靜下來時，他們就會變得安靜。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，all后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，child的復數(shù)形式為children。故填children。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIfyou’relookingforcommunityservicehours,wehaveyoucovered.Onlinetutoring(輔導)throughIGivelHappyisagreatopportunity.Wehavevolunteerpositionsforhighschoolers,collegestudents,retireesandworkingprofessionals,allowingyoutoteachstudentsonlinefromanylocationwithopenschedulesyoucansetyourself.Whocanbecomeatutor?Justaboutanyonecanbecomeatutor,fromhighschoolstudentstoretirees.Ifyoucanworkonbasicreadingandmathskillsatabeginnerlevel,there’sagoodchancewecanpairyouwithastudentwhoisagoodfit.Werequirealltutorstobeatleasthighschoolage,andweasksomeadditionalquestionsintheapplicationtomakesureyou’reagoodfitfortheprogram.Nopastexperienceisneeded!Wewelcomeanyonepassionateabouthelpingstudentssucceed,andweprovideyouwithresourcestohelpyougetstarted.Whatarethedutiesofavolunteertutor?Tutorsworkone-on-onewithstudentsonline,helpingwithhomework,learningskills,andconfidence-building.Weasktutorstoagreetodoatleast1—2sessionsperweekwiththeirstudentsforatleast4months(aterm),asregular,long-termtutoringhasbeenshowntobethemosteffectivewaytosupportlearning.Tutorsandstudentscreatetheirownschedulesbasedonwhatworksbestforboth.21.ThroughIGiveIHappy,volunteerswill______.A.supportstudentsonlineB.teachhighschoolersC.workatafixedtimeD.serveinthecollege22.Accordingtothispassage,applicantsshould______.A.beexperiencedtutorsB.beexcellenthighschoolstudentsC.beeagertosucceedintheprogramD.beabletoteachbasicreadingandmath23.Ifselectedasavolunteertutor,onewillneedto______.A.buildconfidenceintheirteachingskills B.teachstudentsinsmallgroupsonlineC.helpstudentsregularlyforoneterm D.workaroundstudents’schedules【答案】21.A22.D23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了IGiveIHappy招募在線輔導志愿者的消息，主要包括申請條件和工作職責?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wehavevolunteerpositionsforhighschoolers,collegestudents,retireesandworkingprofessionals,allowingyoutoteachstudentsonlinefromanylocationwithopenschedulesyoucansetyourself.(我們?yōu)楦咧猩?、大學生、退休人員和在職專業(yè)人士提供志愿者職位，允許你在任何地點根據(jù)你自己設(shè)定的開放時間表在線教授學生)”可知，志愿者通過該平臺線上支持學生。故選A項。【22題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whocanbecomeatutor?部分第一段中“Ifyoucanworkonbasicreadingandmathskillsatabeginnerlevel,there’sagoodchancewecanpairyouwithastudentwhoisagoodfit.(如果你能教授初級的閱讀和數(shù)學技能，我們很可能會為你匹配合適的學生)”可知，申請者需具備教授基礎(chǔ)閱讀和數(shù)學的能力。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatarethedutiesofavolunteertutor?部分中“Weasktutorstoagreetodoatleast1—2sessionsperweekwiththeirstudentsforatleast4months(aterm)(我們要求輔導者同意每周至少與學生進行1到2次輔導，為期至少4個月，即一個學期)”可知，志愿者需承諾定期輔導學生一個學期。故選C項。BInJune’sroomstandsabrightblueclayvase(花瓶).Itisnotperfect,showingfinelinesfrombeingrepaired.Ittellsastoryoftwogirls’friendship.AmyandJunecameacrosseachotherwhiletravelingwiththeirfathers.Midway,AmygaveJuneabrightblueclayvase.Itwasasmallgesture,butasimplefriendshipbetweentwo4-year-oldsbegan.Yearsflewby.Thegirlsgrewuptogether,becomingtheclosestfriends.However,peoplechangeastheygrowup.AsAmy’sinterestsgrew,shestartedtoignoreJune.Thoughhurt,JunewasstilltherewhenAmyneededsupport.ButAmybrushedoffJune’sproblemswith“Later”.Finally,Junecouldn’ttakeitanymoreandinvitedAmytoherhouse,hopingtofiguretheirproblemout.Instead,aterriblequarrelbrokeout.“WhatamItoyou?Afriendorjustaconvenience?”Junecried.Tohershock,Amyscreamedback.“June,Ihateyou!”Withthesewords,Amystormedoutandshutthedoorhard.Thebluevasefellfromtheshelfbythedoorandcrashedintopieces.Aten-yearfriendshipwasbroken.Oneyearpassed.Onherfifteenthbirthday,Juneonlyfeltsad.SherememberedherhappyfourteenthbirthdaywithAmy.Withbittersweettears,shecouldstillremembertheimageoffour-year-oldAmyholdingoutthebluevasetoher.Suddenly,thedoorbellrang.AtthedoorstepstoodAmy,holdingasmallpackage.“I’msosorryforhowI’vetreatedyou.”Shesaid,handingthepackagetoJune.Juneopenedthegift.Insidewastheblueclayvase,gentlyputbacktogetherwithcare.AletterfromAmyread:“I’vefixedthevase,justlikeIhopetofixourfriendship.Ipromisetobethereforyouandcherishourfriendship.”JuneandAmysmiledateachother,feelingthequietstrengthofafriendshiprenewed.Thevasenowstandsasasymboloftheirlastingfriendship.24.WhatdidJunedowhenAmybegantoignoreher?A.SheshoutedatAmy. B.Shedevelopednewinterests.C.Shetriedtokeeptheirfriendship. D.ShestartedtoignoreAmyaswell.25.Whatcausedthebluevasetobreak?A.Itknockedagainsttheshelf. B.Juneknockeditoverbyaccident.C.ItfellasAmyshutthedoorloudly. D.AmythrewitatJuneasshewasangry.26.WhichwordwouldbestdescribeAmy?A.Reflective. B.Talkative. C.Imaginative. D.Cooperative.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Useagift,anditsvalueshinesmorebrightly. B.Repairafriendship,anditgrowsstronger.C.Hopeisapricelessgift. D.Friendisasecondself.【答案】24.C25.C26.A27.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述瓊與艾米的友誼從建立、因矛盾破裂，到一年后艾米道歉修復象征友誼的藍花瓶，二人重歸于好的故事。【24題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thoughhurt,JunewasstilltherewhenAmyneededsupport.(盡管感到受傷，但在艾米需要支持時，瓊?cè)匀辉谒磉叀?”可知，當艾米開始忽視瓊時，瓊?cè)耘S持她們的友誼。故選C項。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Withthesewords,Amystormedoutandshutthedoorhard.Thebluevasefellfromtheshelfbythedoorandcrashedintopieces.(話音剛落，艾米怒氣沖沖地沖了出去，重重地摔上了門。門邊架子上的藍色花瓶掉了下來，摔得粉碎。)”可知，艾米用力關(guān)門導致花瓶掉落破碎。故選C項?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AtthedoorstepstoodAmy,holdingasmallpackage.“I’msosorryforhowI’vetreatedyou.”Shesaid,handingthepackagetoJune.Juneopenedthegift.Insidewastheblueclayvase,gentlyputbacktogetherwithcare.AletterfromAmyread:“I’vefixedthevase,justlikeIhopetofixourfriendship.Ipromisetobethereforyouandcherishourfriendship.”JuneandAmysmiledateachother,feelingthequietstrengthofafriendshiprenewed.Thevasenowstandsasasymboloftheirlastingfriendship.(門口站著艾米，手里拿著一個小包裹?！拔覟橹皩δ愕膽B(tài)度感到非常抱歉?！彼f著，把包裹遞給了瓊。瓊打開禮物，里面是那個藍色的陶土花瓶——它被小心翼翼地重新粘好了。艾米在信中寫道：“我修好了花瓶，就像我希望能修復我們的友誼一樣。我保證會一直在你身邊，珍惜我們的情誼?！杯偤桶紫嘁暥?，感受著這份重歸于好的友誼所蘊含的無聲力量。如今，這個花瓶已然成為她們長久友誼的象征。)”可知，艾米意識到自己的錯誤，主動道歉并修復花瓶、尋求和解，說明她是善于反思的人。故選A項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文特別根據(jù)最后一段“AtthedoorstepstoodAmy,holdingasmallpackage.“I’msosorryforhowI’vetreatedyou.”Shesaid,handingthepackagetoJune.Juneopenedthegift.Insidewastheblueclayvase,gentlyputbacktogetherwithcare.AletterfromAmyread:“I’vefixedthevase,justlikeIhopetofixourfriendship.Ipromisetobethereforyouandcherishourfriendship.”JuneandAmysmiledateachother,feelingthequietstrengthofafriendshiprenewed.Thevasenowstandsasasymboloftheirlastingfriendship.(門口站著艾米，手里拿著一個小包裹?！拔覟橹皩δ愕膽B(tài)度感到非常抱歉?！彼f著，把包裹遞給了瓊。瓊打開禮物，里面是那個藍色的陶土花瓶——它被小心翼翼地重新粘好了。艾米在信中寫道：“我修好了花瓶，就像我希望能修復我們的友誼一樣。我保證會一直在你身邊，珍惜我們的情誼。”瓊和艾米相視而笑，感受著這份重歸于好的友誼所蘊含的無聲力量。如今，這個花瓶已然成為她們長久友誼的象征。)”可知，文章講述瓊和艾米的友誼因矛盾破裂，一年后艾米主動道歉，修復了象征友誼的花瓶，兩人重歸于好，花瓶成為她們持久友誼的象征。核心傳遞出“修復友誼后，友誼會更加堅固”的道理。故選B項。CItisacommonassumptionthattobeacomputerprogrammeryouneedtobeverygoodatmath.However,newresearchfromtheUniversityofWashingtonsuggeststhatthisisnotnecessarilythecase.ThestudyledbyresearcherChantelPratindicatesthatbeingastronglanguagelearnerprovedtobeamuchbetterpredictorofaperson’sabilitytolearnprogrammingthanhavingbasicmathknowledge.Forthenewstudyoncoding(編程),Pratwantedtoexplorewhatmakessomeonegoodatlearningaskillthatinvolvesworkingwithsymbols,likeprogramming.Pratpointsoutthatahugenumberofjobsnowrequirecodingskills,andtheirimportancekeepsgrowing.Intheexperiment,Prat’steambroughtin36adultswithnopastcodingexperience.Participantsfirsttookaseriesoftests,includingoneformodernlanguagetalent,whichmeasuresnaturaltalentforlearninglanguages.Theywerealsotestedongeneralcognitive(認知)abilitieslikeproblem-solvingandworkingmemory,aswellastheirnumeracy.Next,eachparticipantattendedten45-minutesessionstolearntheprogramminglanguagePythonthroughanonlinelearningplatform.Afterthecourse,theresearchersmeasuredhowwelleachpersonhadlearned.Theylookedathowfarparticipantshadprogressedinthelessons,theirscoresonamultiple-choicetestaboutthecode’srules,andtheirperformanceinapracticalexercisewheretheyhadtowriteasimpleprogramforarock,paper,scissorsgame.Theresultswerestriking.Amongallthethingsconsidered,thelanguagetalenttestwasthesinglestrongestpredictorofhowquicklyandeffectivelysomeonelearnedtocodeinPython.Infact,whentheresearchersanalyzedwhatledtothedifferencesinlearningspeed,languagetalentexplainedaverylargeportion(43%),whilenumeracyexplainedonlyatinypart(6%).“Thisisthefirststudythatdirectlycomparesmathagainstcommunicationabilitiesforlearningthiskindofsymbolicskill,anditshowedthatlanguagewasamuchstrongerpredictor,”Pratsaid.Shebelievesthisfindingiscrucialforbreakingdownthenarrowstereotypes(刻板印象)ofwhatagoodprogrammerlookslike.Ultimately,shehopesthisunderstandingwillnotonlyhelpidentifywhomightbegoodatcodingbutalsoleadtoteachingmethodsthatcanmatchdifferentbrainstyles,makingitpossibleforalmosteveryonetolearnthisimportant21st-centuryskill.28.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcodingskillsfromthepassage?A.Pastexperienceplaysakeyroleinlearningcodingskills.B.Codingskillsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoday.C.Problem-solvingabilitieshelpdevelopcodingskills.D.Mathabilityisthemainthingforcodingskills.29.Whydoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?A.Toissueacalltoaction.B.Toexplaintheweakpointsofthestudy.C.Tocomparethemethodsusedinthestudy.D.Tohighlightthesignificanceofthefinding.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Coding:TheMostImportant21st-CenturySkillB.Coding:AKeySkillSupportedbyNewResearchC.LearningtoCode:GeneralCognitiveSkillsHoldtheKeyD.LearningtoCode:LanguageSkillsMatterMoreThanMath【答案】28.B29.D30.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。通過介紹華盛頓大學的研究，客觀說明“語言學習能力比數(shù)學基礎(chǔ)更能預測編程能力”這一科學發(fā)現(xiàn)。【28題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Pratpointsoutthatahugenumberofjobsnowrequirecodingskills,andtheirimportancekeepsgrowing.(Prat指出，現(xiàn)在有大量的工作需要編碼技能，而且其重要性在不斷增加)”可知，如今編程技能變得越來越重要。故選B項。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisthefirststudythatdirectlycomparesmathagainstcommunicationabilitiesforlearningthiskindofsymbolicskill,anditshowedthatlanguagewasamuchstrongerpredictor,”Pratsaid.Shebelievesthisfindingiscrucialforbreakingdownthenarrowstereotypes(刻板印象)ofwhatagoodprogrammerlookslike.Ultimately,shehopesthisunderstandingwillnotonlyhelpidentifywhomightbegoodatcodingbutalsoleadtoteachingmethodsthatcanmatchdifferentbrainstyles,makingitpossibleforalmosteveryonetolearnthisimportant21st-centuryskill.(Prat說：“這是第一個直接比較數(shù)學和學習這種符號技能的溝通能力的研究，結(jié)果表明語言是一個更強的預測因素?！彼J為，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于打破人們對優(yōu)秀程序員的刻板印象至關(guān)重要。最終，她希望這種理解不僅有助于確定誰可能擅長編碼，而且還能找到適合不同大腦類型的教學方法，使幾乎每個人都能學習這項21世紀重要的技能)”可知，本段總結(jié)了研究的重要意義，指出語言能力比數(shù)學能力更能預測編程學習效果，所以作者寫本段的目的是強調(diào)這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。故選D項。【30題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Itisacommonassumptionthattobeacomputerprogrammeryouneedtobeverygoodatmath.However,newresearchfromtheUniversityofWashingtonsuggeststhatthisisnotnecessarilythecase.ThestudyledbyresearcherChantelPratindicatesthatbeingastronglanguagelearnerprovedtobeamuchbetterpredictorofaperson’sabilitytolearnprogrammingthanhavingbasicmathknowledge.(人們普遍認為，要成為一名計算機程序員，你需要非常擅長數(shù)學。然而，華盛頓大學的一項新研究表明，情況并非如此。由研究人員ChantelPrat領(lǐng)導的這項研究表明，與擁有基本的數(shù)學知識相比，學習語言能力強的人更能預測一個人學習編程的能力)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了語言學習能力比數(shù)學基礎(chǔ)更能預測編程學習效果，所以D項“LearningtoCode:LanguageSkillsMatterMoreThanMath(學習編程：語言技能比數(shù)學更重要)”是本文最好的標題。故選D項。DThefearthatlanguageisindecline(衰退)islikethestoryoftheboywhocriedwolf,withonekeydifference:thewolfneverappears.Foraverylongtime,peoplehaveworriedthatlanguagestandardsarefalling,yetthisfearedbreakdownincommunicationhasneveractuallyhappened.Languagehasalwaysbeenandwillremainausefultoolforcommunication.Thosewhowarnaboutthedeclineoflanguageoftendonotknowitshistory.Theirworriesareusuallynotaboutarealdecline,butaresimplystatementsofpersonalpreferenceforthewayofspeakingtheyareusedto.Theideathatlanguagewillgetworsetothepointwherewecanonlycommunicatewithsimplesoundsisunfounded.Theclearestevidenceforthisisthatpeoplehavebeenmakingthesamewarningsforhundredsofyears.Manyfamouswritersthroughouthistoryhavemoanedaboutfallingstandards.Yet,theverysameperiodsproducedsomeofthegreatestworksinEnglishliterature.AndanxietyaboutstandardsisnotuniquetoEnglish.Speakersofeverylanguageintheworldhave,atsomepoint,sighedforitsfuture.ThetruthisthatEnglish,likeallotherlanguages,keepschanging.Thefeelingofdeclineisafalseideacreatedbythespeedofthischangewithinourownshortlifetimes.Becausechangeoftenhappensbetweengenerations,olderspeakersseetherulestheygrewupwithbeingreplacedbynewones.Thiscancausecognitivediscomfort,whichthenturnsintonegativecomments.Wenaturallylookforintellectualreasonstoexplainourpersonalpreferences.Ifwecouldliveforcenturies,wewouldseethebiggerpicture.Languagechangeisnotsimplyasignofcarelessness.Ithappensatalllevels,fromvocabularytogrammar.Overcenturies,alanguagecanbechangedsomuchthatitbecomesunrecognizable.However,likeacomplex(復雜的)naturalsystem,languageoftenmaintainsabalance.Simplificationinoneareacanleadtogreatercomplexityinanother.Whatstaysthesameisthemainexpressivepowerofthelanguage.Youcanalwayssaywhatneedstobesaid.31.Asforlanguagedecline,theauthoris______.A.disapproving B.supportiveC.confused D.indifferent32.Whatdoesthephrase“moanedabout”underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Expresseddissatisfactionwith.B.Showedcuriosityabout.C.Carefullythoughtabout.D.Paidnoattentionto.33.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatweshould______.A.acceptpersonaldifferencesinlanguageB.stopworryingaboutlanguagedeclineC.avoidusingsimplifiedlanguageD.protectlanguagefromdecline34.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhispassage?A.Addressaproblem. B.Makeacomparison.C.Argueagainstaview. D.Presentfactsandinformation.【答案】31.A32.A33.B34.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要反駁“語言衰退”這一觀點?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefearthatlanguageisindecline(衰退)islikethestoryoftheboywhocriedwolf,withonekeydifference:thewolfneverappears.Foraverylongtime,peoplehaveworriedthatlanguagestandardsarefalling,yetthisfearedbreakdownincommunicationhasneveractuallyhappened.(對語言衰落的恐懼就像那個喊狼來了的男孩的故事，但有一個關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別：狼從來沒有出現(xiàn)過。很長一段時間以來，人們一直擔心語言水平正在下降，然而這種令人擔憂的溝通障礙從未真正發(fā)生過)”可知，作者認為語言衰退從未真正發(fā)生過，所以對“語言衰退論”持反對態(tài)度。故選A項?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Yet,theverysameperiodsproducedsomeofthegreatestworksinEnglishliterature.AndanxietyaboutstandardsisnotuniquetoEnglish.Speakersofeverylanguageintheworldhave,atsomepoint,sighedforitsfuture.(然而，就在同一時期，英國文學中出現(xiàn)了一些最偉大的作品。對標準的焦慮并不是英語獨有的。世界上每一種語言的使用者都在某個時刻為其未來嘆息)”可知，許多人都有對標準下降的焦慮，也就是不滿意之意，推知moanedabout應是“不滿”之意，和A項意思相近。故選A項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThetruthisthatEnglish,likeallotherlanguages,keepschanging.Thefeelingofdeclineisafalseideacreatedbythespeedofthischangewithinourownshortlifetimes.(事實上，英語和所有其他語言一樣，都在不斷變化。衰落的感覺是一種錯誤的想法，是在我們短暫的一生中這種變化的速度所造成的)”以及最后一段“Ifwecouldliveforcenturies,wewouldseethebiggerpicture.Languagechangeisnotsimplyasignofcarelessness.Ithappensatalllevels,fromvocabularytogrammar.Overcenturies,alanguagecanbechangedsomuchthatitbecomesunrecognizable.However,likeacomplex(復雜的)naturalsystem,languageoftenmaintainsabalance.Simplificationinoneareacanleadtogreatercomplexityinanother.Whatstaysthesameisthemainexpressivepowerofthelanguage.Youcanalwayssaywhatneedstobesaid.(如果我們能活上幾個世紀，我們就能看到更大的圖景。語言的改變不僅僅是粗心大意的表現(xiàn)。它發(fā)生在各個層面，從詞匯到語法。經(jīng)過數(shù)個世紀的演變，一種語言可能會發(fā)生很大的變化，以至于變得無法辨認。然而，就像一個復雜的自然系統(tǒng)一樣，語言往往保持著一種平衡。一個領(lǐng)域的簡化可能導致另一個領(lǐng)域的更大復雜性。保持不變的是語言的主要表現(xiàn)力。該說什么就說什么)”可知，這篇文章暗示我們應該停止擔心語言的衰退。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefearthatlanguageisindecline(衰退)islikethestoryoftheboywhocriedwolf,withonekeydifference:thewolfneverappears.Foraverylongtime,peoplehaveworriedthatlanguagestandardsarefalling,yetthisfearedbreakdownincommunicationhasneveractuallyhappened.(對語言衰落的恐懼就像那個喊狼來了的男孩的故事，但有一個關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別：狼從來沒有出現(xiàn)過。很長一段時間以來，人們一直擔心語言水平正在下降，然而這種令人擔憂的溝通障礙從未真正發(fā)生過)”以及縱觀全文可知，全文圍繞批駁“語言正在衰退”這一錯誤觀點展開，是在反駁一個觀點。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Aswemovethroughlife,wefindthatmanythingsareoutofourcontrol.Wecan’tchoosewhathappensaroundus.Onethingwecancontroliswhoourfriendsare.____35____Theymakelifemoreenjoyable.Wegettosharethebeautifulaspectsoflifewithpeoplewelove,whichenrichesoureverydayexperiences.Friendsalsohelpusthroughdifficulttimes.Theirsupportcanmakeverychallengingsituationsmoretolerable.Themostsatisfyingpartofspendingourtimeandenergyonfriendshipsisthatnotonlydofriendsenrichourlives,butweenrichtheirstoo.However,noteveryfriendshipreachesthisstateofsharedenrichment.____36____Unfortunately,thepeopleIhadspenttimewithfocusedonwork,notfriendship.____37____Ijoinedalocalhikinggroup,hopingtomeetpeoplewithsimilarinterests.Duringoneofthesehikes,ImetJim,oneofmybestfriendstothisday.Webecameinstantfriends.Wehavecontinuedtosupporteachotherovertheyears,and,evenmoreimportantly,wealwaysmaketimeforoneanother.Webothviewourfriendshipasonethatimproveseachother’slives.____38____Thebackboneofanysuccessfulfriendshipismutualeffortandsupportfrombothsides.BothJimandIwereforcedtoputinmoreeffortwhenhemovedacrossthecountrytotheEastCoast.____39____Wemaketherelationshipaprioritynomatterwhatcoasteachotherison.Likeanythinginlifethatisvaluabletous,wemustworkatitandputtimeandeffortintoit.A.Friendshipsareimportant.B.It’salwaysworththetimeandeffort.C.Thismademedecidetofindnewfriends.D.Friendshiprequiresregularcommunication.E.Startingnewfriendshipscanbeslowgoingatfirst.F.Wetalkallofthetimeandseeeachotherseveraltimesayear.G.It’sworthreflectingonwhetheryourownfriendshipsaremoreone-sided.【答案】35.A36.G37.C38.B39.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了友誼的重要性、如何建立及維護有意義的友誼，強調(diào)雙向努力和溝通是成功友誼的關(guān)鍵?！?5題詳析】由上文“Onethingwecancontroliswhoourfriendsare.(我們能控制的一件事就是我們的朋友是誰。)”及下文“Theymakelifemoreenjoyable.Wegettosharethebeautifulaspectsoflifewithpeoplewelove,whichenrichesoureverydayexperiences.Friendsalsohelpusthroughdifficulttimes.(他們讓生活更愉快。我們可以和我們所愛的人分享生活中美好的方面，這豐富了我們的日常體驗。朋友也幫助我們度過難關(guān)。)”可知，本空應概括友誼的重要性，為下面的具體闡述做鋪墊。A選項“Friendshipsareimportant.(友誼很重要。)”是對友誼重要性的概述，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選A。【36題詳析】由上文“However,noteveryfriendshipreachesthisst