2025年翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試二級試題及答案一、綜合能力試題（一）詞匯和語法（共20題，每題1分）1.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweenurbanandruraleducationbyallocatingmoreresourcestoremoteareas.A.minimizeB.diminishC.reduceD.decrease2.Theprofessor,alongwithhistwograduatestudents,______workingonabreakthroughinquantumcomputingwhenthepowersupplyfailed.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are3.______bytheunexpectedstorm,therescueteamhadtopostponethemountainsearchuntildawn.A.BeinghinderedB.HinderedC.HavinghinderedD.Tobehindered4.Thecommitteemembersdebated______whethertoprioritizerenewableenergyprojectsoverinfrastructureupgrades.A.atlengthB.inlengthC.onlengthD.bylength5.Itiscrucialthatthegovernment______effectivemeasurestocurbtherisingrateofyouthunemployment.A.takesB.takeC.tookD.willtake6.Theancientmanuscript,______inasealedchamberforcenturies,revealedsurprisingdetailsaboutearlymaritimetraderoutes.A.havingbeenpreservedB.preservedC.preservingD.beingpreserved7.TheCEO’sdecisiontodownsizetheworkforcewasmetwith______frombothemployeesandlaborunions.A.oppositionB.opponentC.opposeD.opposing8.______moretime,theresearcherscouldhaveconductedamorecomprehensiveanalysisofthedata.A.GivenB.GivingC.TogiveD.Havinggiven9.Thecity’sskylinehastransformeddramatically,withskyscrapers______wherelow-risebuildingsoncestood.A.toweringB.totowerC.havingtoweredD.tower10.Thereportemphasizesthatsustainabledevelopmentisnot______anenvironmentalissuebutasocio-economiconeaswell.A.merelyB.rarelyC.scarcelyD.barely11.Thearchaeologicalfindings______thetheorythatearlyhumansettlementsweremorewidespreadthanpreviouslythought.A.authenticateB.validateC.verifyD.confirm12.______thecomplexityoftheproject,theteammanagedtodelivertheprototypeaheadofschedule.A.DespiteofB.InspiteC.DespiteD.Although13.Thenovel’sprotagonist,a______artiststrugglingwithidentity,reflectstheauthor’sownexperiencesofculturaldisplacement.A.tormentedB.tormentingC.tormentD.totorment14.Thenewtrafficregulations,______lastmonth,havesignificantlyreducedthenumberofaccidentsattheintersection.A.implementingB.implementedC.toimplementD.havingimplemented15.Itwasnotuntilthe21stcentury______scientistsbegantofullyunderstandthemechanismsofclimatechange.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.as16.Thecompany’slatestproducthasreceived______reviewsfromtechcritics,praisingitsinnovativedesignandfunctionality.A.complementaryB.complimentaryC.complementD.compliment17.Theelderlycouple,______intheirsmallvillagefordecades,founditdifficulttoadapttocitylife.A.havinglivedB.livingC.livedD.tolive18.Thegovernment’spledgetoreducecarbonemissionsby40%by2030is______oninternationalcooperationandtechnologicalinnovation.A.conditionalB.dependentC.reliantD.based19.______withthechallengesofurbanization,manycitiesarenowinvestinginsmartcitytechnologies.A.FacingB.FacedC.TofaceD.Havingfaced20.Thesurveyresultsindicatethat______60%ofrespondentsbelievepublictransportationshouldbefreeforstudents.A.approximatelyB.appropriatelyC.proximatelyD.proportionally（二）閱讀理解（共3篇，每篇5題，每題2分）Passage1Theconceptof"slowscience"hasgainedtractioninacademiccirclesasaresponsetotheacceleratingpaceofresearchdrivenbycompetitivefundingmodelsandpublish-or-perishpressures.Unliketherapid,high-outputapproachprevalentinmodernacademia,slowscienceemphasizesdeepengagementwithcomplexquestions,allowingforunplanneddetoursandextendedperiodsofexploration.Proponentsarguethatthismodelfostersmoreinnovativeandimpactfuldiscoveries,asitreducesthepressuretoproduceincrementalfindingsforthesakeofpublication.Critics,however,warnthatslowsciencerisksbecomingaluxuryaccessibleonlytowell-fundedinstitutionsordisciplineswithnaturallyslowertimelines,suchasastronomyorpaleontology.Theyalsoquestionwhetheritsprinciplescanbeappliedtofieldswhereurgentproblems—likepandemicresponseorclimatemitigation—requirerapidprogress.Despitethesedebates,initiativesliketheSlowScienceManifesto,publishedin2010,continuetoinspireresearcherstoreevaluatetheirworkrhythms,advocatingforgrantcyclesthatspan10yearsinsteadof3andmetricsthatvaluedepthoverquantity.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheadvantagesofrapidscientificresearchinmodernacademiaB.AcomparisonbetweentraditionalandmodernresearchmethodsC.Theemergenceanddebatessurrounding"slowscience"D.Theroleoffundingmodelsinshapingresearchoutcomes22.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyfeatureofslowscience?A.Focusonhigh-volumepublicationB.EmphasisonincrementalfindingsC.ToleranceforunplannedresearchdirectionsD.Relianceonshort-termgrantcycles23.Whydocriticsexpressconcernaboutslowscience?A.ItmaybeunavailabletounderfundedinstitutionsB.ItignorestheneedforurgentscientificsolutionsC.ItfailstoattractyoungresearchersD.BothAandB24.WhatdoestheSlowScienceManifestopropose?A.ShortergrantperiodstoincreaseproductivityB.EvaluationcriteriaprioritizingresearchdepthC.RestrictingslowsciencetospecificdisciplinesD.Eliminatingcompetitivefundingmodels25.Theword"traction"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.resistanceB.attentionC.conflictD.declinePassage2Inthedigitalage,theconceptof"deepreading"—theabilitytoengagewithcomplextextsanalyticallyandempathetically—isunderthreat.Withtheproliferationofsocialmedia,newsfeeds,andbite-sizedcontent,manyreadersnowskiminformationratherthanimmersethemselvesinlengthynarratives.Studiesshowthatconstantswitchingbetweentasks,acommonbehaviorindigitalenvironments,reducesthebrain’scapacityforsustainedfocus,makingithardertoprocessmulti-layeredargumentsorconnectwithcharactersinliterature.Educatorsandcognitivescientistsareincreasinglyalarmedbythistrend.Theyarguethatdeepreadingisnotjustaboutliteracy;itisafoundationalskillforcriticalthinking,emotionalintelligence,andevenmoralreasoning.Forexample,readinganovelrequiresthereadertotrackmultipleplotlines,infercharactermotivations,andreflectontheauthor’sperspective—processesthatstrengthenneuralpathwaysassociatedwithempathyandanalysis.Incontrast,scrollingthroughsocialmediaofteninvolvespassiveconsumptionoffragmentedinformation,whichdoesnotstimulatethesecognitivefunctions.Tocounteractthis,schoolsandlibrariesareimplementingprogramsthatpromotedeepreading,suchasdedicated"screen-free"readingperiodsandguideddiscussionsoncomplextexts.Sometechcompaniesarealsoexperimentingwithtoolsthatlimitdistraction,likee-readersthatblockinternetaccessorappsthatmeasurereadingdepthbytrackingeyemovementandcomprehensionlevels.26.Whatisthemainthreattodeepreadingaccordingtothepassage?A.ThedeclineinliteracyratesB.TheriseofdigitalcontentconsumptionhabitsC.ThelackofcomplextextsavailableD.Thedecreaseinlibraryfunding27.Whatcognitivefunctionsdoesdeepreadingenhance?A.SustainedfocusandcriticalthinkingB.MultitaskingandinformationskimmingC.PassiveconsumptionofdataD.Emotionaldetachmentfromnarratives28.Howdoesreadinganovelcontributetocognitivedevelopment?A.ByrequiringtrackingofmultipleelementsandperspectivereflectionB.ByencouragingrapidswitchingbetweendifferenttasksC.ByreducingtheneedforempathytrainingD.Bypromotingpassiveacceptanceofauthor’sviews29.Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentopromotedeepreading?A.BanningalldigitaldevicesinschoolsB.Introducingscreen-freereadingperiodsanddistraction-limitingtoolsC.ReplacingnovelswithsocialmediacontentincurriculaD.Developingappsthatencouragerapidinformationskimming30.Theword"proliferation"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.reductionB.varietyC.spreadD.improvementPassage3Urbanagriculture,onceanichepractice,istransformingcitiesworldwide.FromrooftopgreenhousesinNewYorktocommunitygardensinBerlin,urbanfarmersaregrowingfreshproduceinspacestraditionallyusedforparkinglotsorabandonedbuildings.Thistrendisdrivenbymultiplefactors:increasingawarenessoffoodsecurity,adesireforlocallysourcedorganicfood,andtheneedtomitigateurbanheatislandsthroughgreeninfrastructure.OneofthemostinnovativeexamplesisSingapore’s"verticalfarms,"whichusehydroponicsystemsandLEDlightingtogrowleafygreensinstackedlayers.Thesefarmsproduce100timesmoreyieldpersquaremeterthanconventionalfarms,reducingthecity-state’srelianceonimportedvegetables.InTokyo,"agri-offices"combineofficespaceswithindoorfarms,allowingemployeestoworkalongsideautomatedplantersandharvestfreshherbsforon-sitecafeterias.Beyondfoodproduction,urbanagriculturehassocialandenvironmentalbenefits.Communitygardensfosterneighborlyinteractionsandprovidegreenspacesindenselypopulatedareas.Theyalsoabsorbrainwater,reducingfloodrisks,andsequestercarbondioxide,aidinginclimatechangeadaptation.However,challengesremain,includinghighstartupcosts,zoningregulationsthatrestrictagriculturaluseofurbanland,andlimitedaccesstoaffordablewaterandenergyforindoorfarms.31.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofconventionalfarmingB.ThegrowthandimpactofurbanagricultureC.ThechallengesofhydroponictechnologyD.Theroleofimportedfoodincities32.Whatdrivesthetrendofurbanagriculture?A.DecreasedawarenessoffoodsecurityB.Demandfornon-organicproduceC.DesiretoaddressurbanheatislandsD.Availabilityofcheapruralland33.HowdoSingapore’sverticalfarmsdifferfromconventionalfarms?A.TheyuselessspaceforhigheryieldsB.TheyrelyontraditionalfarmingmethodsC.Theyproduceonlynon-leafyvegetablesD.Theyrequiremoremanuallabor34.Whatsocialbenefitdocommunitygardensprovide?A.ReducingcarbonsequestrationB.IncreasingfloodrisksC.EnhancingcommunityinteractionD.Loweringenergycosts35.Whatisachallengeforurbanagriculturementionedinthepassage?A.LowstartupcostsB.SupportivezoningregulationsC.AccesstoaffordablewaterD.Highavailabilityofenergy（三）完形填空（共20題，每題1分）Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkeddebatesaboutitsimpactonthejobmarket.Whilesomefearwidespreadunemployment,othersarguethatAIwill______36newindustriesandtransformexistingones.ArecentreportbytheWorldEconomicForumpredictsthatby2025,AIwill______3785millionjobsbutcreate97millionnewones,______38anetgain.Thekeyliesin______39theworkforceforthesechanges.Jobsthatinvolveroutinetasks,suchasdataentryorassemblylinework,aremost______40toautomation.Incontrast,rolesrequiringhuman______41—likecreativity,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solving—arelikelytobecomemore______42.Toadapt,governmentsandbusinessesmustinvestin______43educationandlifelonglearning.Programsthatteach______44skills,suchasAIliteracyandcross-disciplinarythinking,willhelpworkers______45intheevolvingeconomy.Forexample,FinlandhasintroducedAI______46intoprimaryschoolcurricula,whilecompanieslikeIBMoffer______47trainingtoemployeestransitioningfromautomatedroles.However,thetransitionwillnotbe______48.Vulnerablegroups,includinglow-skilledworkersandthosein______49industries,mayfacesignificantchallenges.Policiessuchaswagesubsidies,job______50assistance,anduniversalbasicincomearebeingdiscussedaspotentialsolutionstoeasethetransition.36.A.eliminateB.generateC.replaceD.stabilize37.A.displaceB.createC.enhanceD.secure38.A.resultinginB.leadingtoC.accountingforD.amountingto39.A.evaluatingB.preparingC.analyzingD.monitoring40.A.resistantB.essentialC.vulnerableD.beneficial41.A.attributesB.limitationsC.weaknessesD.defects42.A.redundantB.obsoleteC.valuableD.trivial43.A.technicalB.vocationalC.formalD.adaptive44.A.transferableB.traditionalC.physicalD.manual45.A.thriveB.surviveC.struggleD.retire46.A.researchB.coursesC.toolsD.labs47.A.mandatoryB.optionalC.retrainingD.basic48.A.smoothB.abruptC.complexD.gradual49.A.emergingB.decliningC.growingD.stable50.A.huntingB.creationC.lossD.transition二、筆譯實(shí)務(wù)試題（一）英譯漢（40分）Thepastdecadehaswitnessedaparadigmshiftinglobalurbandevelopment.Cities,onceseenprimarilyascentersofindustryandcommerce,arenowrecognizedascriticalplayersinthefightagainstclimatechange.Thistransformationisdrivenbybothurgency—withurbanareasresponsibleforover70%ofglobalcarbonemissions—andinnovation,ascitiesleveragetechnologyandpolicytoreimaginesustainability.TakeCopenhagen,forinstance.TheDanishcapitalaimstobecometheworld’sfirstcarbon-neutralcityby2025.Itsstrategycombinesaggressiverenewableenergyadoption—windturbinesnowsupply50%ofthecity’selectricity—withurbanplanningthatprioritizescyclingandpublictransit.Over50%ofCopenhagenerscommutebybike,ashiftsupportedby400kmofdedicatedbikelanesandsmarttrafficlightsthatadjusttimingtofavorcyclists.Meanwhile,inMexicoCity,adifferentbutequallyimpactfulapproachisunfolding.Facingsevereairpollutionandwaterscarcity,thecityhaslaunched"Ecobici,"apublicbike-sharingsystemwith6,000bicyclesand400stations,reducingrelianceonprivatecars.Ithasalsoimplementedrainwaterharvestingprojects,capturing10millionlitersofwaterannuallytoreplenishundergroundaquifers.Theseinitiativesnotonlymitigateenvironmentalharmbutalsoimprovequalityoflife,withcleanerairandmoreaccessiblegreenspaces.Citiesarenolongerjustpartoftheproblem;theyareattheforefrontofthesolution.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow—projectedtoreach68%oftheglobalpopulationby2050—theirabilitytoinnovateandcollaboratewilldeterminetheplanet’sclimatefuture.（二）漢譯英（60分）近年來，中國的文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)取得了顯著進(jìn)展。從敦煌莫高窟的數(shù)字化工程到福建土樓的整體修繕，一系列舉措既保留了文化記憶，又探索了傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的融合路徑。例如，故宮博物院通過"數(shù)字故宮"項(xiàng)目，將186萬件文物進(jìn)行高清數(shù)字化，觀眾不僅能在官網(wǎng)瀏覽360度全景展廳，還能通過虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)"走進(jìn)"古代宮廷，感受文物背后的歷史脈絡(luò)。非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)同樣成果豐碩。蘇州刺繡、景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷等傳統(tǒng)工藝不僅在傳承中保持技藝純度，更通過與現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)合煥發(fā)新生。四川成都的"蜀繡工坊"引入年輕設(shè)計(jì)師，將傳統(tǒng)刺繡圖案與潮流服飾元素融合，產(chǎn)品遠(yuǎn)銷海外，既實(shí)現(xiàn)了文化傳播，又帶動(dòng)了當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)。文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的實(shí)踐表明，傳統(tǒng)不是束縛發(fā)展的枷鎖，而是創(chuàng)新的源泉。當(dāng)古老的智慧與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)相遇，文化遺產(chǎn)便從"博物館里的展品"轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?生活中的文化體驗(yàn)"，在當(dāng)代社會(huì)中持續(xù)釋放生命力。三、參考答案（一）綜合能力1-5CABAB6-10AAAAA11-15DCABB16-20BADBA21-25CCDBB26-30BAABC31-35BCACC36-40BAABC41-45ACDAA46-50BCABD（二）筆譯實(shí)務(wù)英譯漢參考譯文：過去十年間，全球城市發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了范式轉(zhuǎn)變。城市曾主要被視為工業(yè)與商業(yè)中心，如今則被公認(rèn)為應(yīng)對氣候變化的關(guān)鍵力量。這一轉(zhuǎn)變既源于緊迫需求——城市貢獻(xiàn)了全球70%以上的碳排放，也得益于創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)——各城市正借助技術(shù)與政策重新定義可持續(xù)發(fā)展。以哥本哈根為例。這座丹麥?zhǔn)锥寄繕?biāo)在2025年成為全球首個(gè)碳中和城市。其戰(zhàn)略融合了激進(jìn)的可再生能源推廣（風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)目前已滿足城市50%的電力需求）與優(yōu)先發(fā)展自行車和公共交通的城市規(guī)劃。超過50%的哥本哈根居民選擇自行車通勤，這一轉(zhuǎn)變得益于400公里專用自行車道及智能交通信號燈——后者會(huì)調(diào)整計(jì)時(shí)以優(yōu)先保障騎行者。與此同時(shí)，墨西哥城正以另一種同樣卓有成效的方式推進(jìn)變革。面對嚴(yán)重的空氣污染與水資源短缺，該市推出"生態(tài)自行車"公共自