1、,Module 4 A taste of literature,Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,A matching game！,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last we

2、ek. _,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,什么是定語(yǔ)從句呢？,答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。,結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 句子,The man who lives next to us is a policeman.,先行詞,_,_,關(guān)系詞,_,定語(yǔ)

3、從句,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why,關(guān)系代詞： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/賓格) that whom（賓格）,關(guān)系代詞： that，which 如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which（作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)）。,This is a dream. The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found. The d

4、og was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practise: This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主語(yǔ) （不能?。?（作主語(yǔ)）,which / that 作賓語(yǔ) ： （可省略）,This is the card. Ive just received the card.,This is the card which / that Ive just received.,Pra

5、ctise: This is the mistake which /that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,( ),（作賓語(yǔ)）,關(guān)系代詞： who, that, whom 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)) whom (作賓語(yǔ)),who / whom / that 作賓語(yǔ)：( 可省略),The man is a famous writer. He described th

6、e man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作賓語(yǔ)）,The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night.,The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,who / that 作主語(yǔ)（不能省）

7、,This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China.（作主語(yǔ)）,The boy who broke the window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.,/ that,小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主

8、語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。 which指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。,who 指人，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略（常用whom）。,注：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞定。,有時(shí)只能用 that , 不用 which, 常見(jiàn)的情況有六種：,當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時(shí)。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything

9、that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very，the only，the same等修飾時(shí)。 Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are

10、the very words that he used. 4. 當(dāng)主句以 who 或 which開(kāi)頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞用 that，而不用 which 或 who。 Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?,5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that。 The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.,Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pon

11、g is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _ father is a

12、 business man? 7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say al

13、l _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,that,that,當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under

14、the tree? 7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,當(dāng)主句是who或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,that,that,關(guān)系副詞： when/ where/why,when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.,It was the year. The World Wa

15、r I broke out in the year.,It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.,When = 介詞 + which,where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),I want to know the place. I was born there.,I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.,The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.,where = 介詞 + which,why 作原因狀語(yǔ), 其先行詞常常是the reason.,That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.,I know the reason why he said it.,why = for which,Exercise,1.Oct