1、考研英語閱讀的分類詞匯1 經(jīng)濟類active trade balance貿(mào)易順差adverse trade balance貿(mào)易逆差appropriate撥款auditor審計員。查帳員balance sheet資產(chǎn)負債表bargain減價出售的商品，便宜貨board董事會bond債券bottom line盈虧表brisk(生意)興隆bubble economy泡沫經(jīng)濟budget預(yù)算business restructuring商業(yè)重組capital資本cargo manifest貨物清單commodities fair商品展銷會confiscate沒收corporation公司，股份有限公司c

2、ounteroffer還價creditor債權(quán)人customs海關(guān)dealer商人，販子，證券經(jīng)紀人deficit赤字，虧空deflationary policy緊縮銀根政策demands and supplies供需depreciation貶值depression經(jīng)濟蕭條期divided紅利股利domestic market國內(nèi)市場duty-free免稅economic decline經(jīng)濟衰退economic fluctuation經(jīng)濟波動economic recovery經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇economic stability經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定economic strategy經(jīng)濟戰(zhàn)略economist經(jīng)濟學(xué)家

3、enterprise in the red虧損企業(yè)entrepreneur企業(yè)家，中間商exportoriented economy外向型經(jīng)濟fake and poor quality commodities假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品fierce competition激烈的競爭fluctuation波動GDP國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GNP(gross national product)國民生產(chǎn)總值head office總部human resources人力資源income tax所得稅inflation通貨膨脹installment分期付款interest rate利率investment投資，投資額invoice發(fā)

4、票labor and management勞資雙方labor force勞動力large scale development of West China大規(guī)模的西部開發(fā)levy征(稅)limited liability company有限責(zé)任公司macroeconomics宏觀經(jīng)濟學(xué)market-oriented economy市場經(jīng)濟market research市場調(diào)研merger合并公司monetary貨幣的monopoly壟斷mortgage抵押抵押貨款most-favored nation treatment最惠國待遇multinational多國經(jīng)營的，跨國經(jīng)營的multinati

5、onal corporations跨國公司negotiation談判；洽談patent system專利制度patron贊助人，老主顧planned economy計劃經(jīng)濟potential market市場潛力price hike物價上漲principal本金Private enterprise私人企業(yè)Private property私人財產(chǎn)productivity生產(chǎn)率productivity revolution生產(chǎn)力革命profitable贏利的promotion促銷property tax財產(chǎn)稅public funding公共基金recession衰退reckoning結(jié)賬retai

6、l零售revenue財政收入，稅收security證券self-raised funds自籌資金slack不景氣smuggle走私social security社會保障(制度)soft investment environment投資軟環(huán)境speculation投機,思考、思索staff members職員stagnant(經(jīng)濟)停滯，不發(fā)展stamp duty印花稅statistical統(tǒng)計的stock現(xiàn)貨，股票。公債stockbroker股票，證券經(jīng)紀人stock holder股東；股票持有人strategic戰(zhàn)略的surplus贏余tariff(進口)關(guān)稅tax break稅額優(yōu)惠tax

7、payer納稅人teller(=cashier)出納員trade、rind貿(mào)易風(fēng)transaction交易；買賣trust信托wholesale批發(fā)2 科普類access time存取時間anti-virus programs殺毒軟件assembler匯編程序bar code條形碼beeper傳呼機buffer storage緩沖存儲器call instruction呼叫指令cellular手機，多孔的Comsat 通訊衛(wèi)星cursor光標cyber crimes網(wǎng)上犯罪cyberspace電腦空間，網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界desktop臺式計算機digital television數(shù)字電視electroni

8、c control電子控制electronic hearing aid電子助聽器encryption加密fast-forward(放錄像帶等時的快進)fiber optic technology光纖技術(shù)firewall防火墻flat panel display平板顯示技術(shù)floppy disk軟盤genetic engineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier標識符intelligent system智能系統(tǒng)intranet內(nèi)聯(lián)網(wǎng)IT-industry信息產(chǎn)業(yè)know-how(技術(shù))訣竅laser激光long-distance educational system遠程教育系統(tǒng)

9、microprocessor微處理機minicomputer小型計算機modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器multimedia多媒體multimedia learning system多媒體學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)netsurfed網(wǎng)蟲on-1ine service網(wǎng)上服務(wù)palmtop(：PDA)掌上電腦passwordPIN(：personal identification number)密碼portable便攜式計算機snooper窺探者software package軟件包solar collector太陽能收集器terminal終端設(shè)備video camera攝像機videodisc影碟3 醫(yī)學(xué)與健康類aborti

10、on人工流產(chǎn)amnesia(醫(yī))記憶缺失，遺忘(癥)anatomical解剖學(xué)的；解剖的anesthetic麻醉劑anti-aging抗衰老antibiotic抗生素antibody抗體antidote解毒藥antitumor drug抗腫瘤藥；抗癌藥antiviral抗病毒藥arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎asthma氣喘，哮喘asylum精神病院bacteria緬菌biomedical生物醫(yī)學(xué)的carcinogen致癌物cell membrane細胞膜cellular細胞的，由細胞組成的cellulose纖維素Centers for Disease Control疾病控制中心cholesterol

11、膽固醇chromosome染色體clinical臨床的clone無性繁殖系，克隆coma昏厥contagion接觸傳染dehydrate(使)脫水diagnose診斷diarrhea瀉肚enzyme酶epidemic流行病euthanasia安樂死excretion排泄，排泄物gene mutation(基因)突變gene pool基因庫genetic engineering基因工程genomic染色體的glucose葡萄糖heart attack心力衰竭，心臟病發(fā)作heterosexual異性戀的HIVpositive艾滋病測試陽性homosexual同性戀的hormone激素hygiene

12、衛(wèi)生，衛(wèi)生學(xué)hypertension高血壓hypnosis催眠術(shù)1CU(Intensive Care Unit)重癥監(jiān)護室immunize獲得免疫力incidence發(fā)病率inflammation炎癥inoculation接種，預(yù)防注射insane精神病患者的，精神病的insomnia失眠(癥)latency period潛伏期leukemia白血病malaria瘧疾malignant惡性measles麻疹medication添加藥物，藥物治療metabolism新陳代謝mother-to-fetus transmission母嬰傳播multiply繁殖mutate變異突變nauseate嘔吐

13、neurological神經(jīng)病學(xué)的obesity過度肥胖，肥大ointment藥膏organ transplanting器官移植paralysis癱瘓physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生plague鼠疫。瘟疫potency藥力preion藥方，處方(的藥)preventive預(yù)防性的psychiatrist精神病醫(yī)生rehabilitation康復(fù)，恢復(fù)remedy療法removal切除rheumatoid風(fēng)濕的；類風(fēng)濕(性)的sedative鎮(zhèn)靜劑self-medication自我藥療stroke中風(fēng)suspected case疑似病例surgery外科手術(shù)symptom癥狀syndrome綜合病癥t

14、aint影響，腐化，使感染TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)中醫(yī)therapy治療，療法toxicologist毒物學(xué)家；毒理學(xué)家vaccine疫苗vein靜脈veterinary疾病的，獸醫(yī)的vitamins維生素4 政治與法律類accusation控告acquit宣判無罪amend修正appeal上訴apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，調(diào)停armed conflicts武裝沖突attorney律師authorize授權(quán)autonomous自治的bilateral talks雙邊會淡civil law民法code法規(guī)，法典confinem

15、ent關(guān)押，禁閉congressman國會議員conspiracy陰謀constitution憲法consul領(lǐng)事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中級法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辯護人defuse緩合，平息despot獨裁者disarmament解除武裝enforce實施，使生效established international practice國際慣例federal government聯(lián)邦政府hierarchy等級制度humanitarian aid人道主義援助illicit非法的

16、indemnity賠償institution制度intellectual propertyright知識產(chǎn)權(quán)interim government過渡政府joint declaration聯(lián)合聲明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪審團lawsuit訴訟legal liability法律義務(wù)legislation立法legislative立法的legislature立法機構(gòu)legitimate合法的litigant訴訟當(dāng)事人litigation訴訟municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament議會pending未決的petition請愿plaintiff(民事

17、)原告plead申訴，辯護probation緩刑察看public prosecutor檢查官reconciliation和解Representative眾議院議員ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部長senate參議院senator參議員sovereignty主權(quán)statute成文法stipulation條文，規(guī)定subpoena傳票suit起訴suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting首腦會議峰會terrorist attack恐怖襲擊terrorist organizations恐怖組織undersecretary次長usurpation篡奪violation違犯5 生

18、態(tài)類acid rain酸雨forestation植樹造林algae梅藻amphibian兩棲類的，兩棲動物balance of nature生態(tài)平衡bio-diversity生物多樣性biosphere生物圈CFCs氟利昂decibel分貝deforestation采伐森林desertification土地沙漠化domestic sewage生活污水ecocide生態(tài)滅絕eco-friendly良好的環(huán)境eco-label生態(tài)標志ecological condition生態(tài)環(huán)境ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家ecology生態(tài)學(xué)對環(huán)境的科學(xué)研究ecosystem生態(tài)系，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)eco-tourist生態(tài)旅游；生態(tài)旅游業(yè)effluent流出物，排除物environmentalist環(huán)境工作者；環(huán)境問題專家fauna動物群flora植物群fumes有毒的廢氣global warming全球變暖green groups綠色環(huán)保組織greenhouse effect溫室效應(yīng)infrared radiation紅外線輻射mammal哺乳動物noxious有毒的nucleic acid(生物)核酸ozone hole臭氧洞ozone layer臭氧層photosynthesis光合作用plankton(總稱)浮游動物pollution index