1、TPOhackerTOELF IBT全真界面模擬考題Toefl iBT Practice Test TPO 23 Reading Section 2No. of Questions: 28Time: 40 minutesBegin TestTPOhackerTOELF IBT全真界面模擬考題You can use the countdown timer at the left bottom corner of the screen totime your test.press this button to set the timerInput a numberstart countdownpa

2、use countdownCONTINUE15If you cannot see the timer or if you cannot set the timer, youll need to install flash player. Click here to download and install adobe flash player.Set the timer before doing the test. Standard time for doing this test is 40 minutes.Seventeenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgric

3、ulture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were in line with market demands, and cheap grain was imported

4、 annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is about a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselve

5、s, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.Apart from this, being able to give up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized in livestock

6、 husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and turnips.These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a demand among urban consumers for dairy products such as butter and c

7、heese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy farming and cu

8、ltivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth cent

9、ury when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit andvegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Question 1 of 28By in

10、dicating that production was 【in line market demands】 the author means that Dutch farmers were able toexceed other European countries in agricultural productionproduce crops mat were similar to those popular in other European countriessupply sufficient quantities of the agricultural products that th

11、e Dutch population wanted to buysatisfy the demand for high quality agricultural products from the Baltic regionSeventeenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and co

12、mmercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were 【 in line with market demands 】 , and cheap grain was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people;

13、that is about a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.Apart from this, being able to g

14、ive up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco,

15、 hops, and turnips.These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a demand among urban consumers for dairy products such as butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal

16、 husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In t

17、he sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then

18、 transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit andvegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Question 2 of 28Which if the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the 【 highlighted sentence 】 in the passage? Incorrect choices change the

19、 meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.Buying imported grain led to the Dutch demanding that otherfoodstuffs and consumer goods be imported.Because the Dutch were able to import inexpensive grain, they had money available to create a demand for other food products and consumer

20、 goods.Keeping the price of grain low was a primary goal of the Dutch at a time when they could not produce enough grain to provide for all their needs.The demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods forced the Dutch to import grain and other products at a time when maintaining low prices was esp

21、ecially important.Seventeenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they we

22、re in line with market demands, and cheap grain was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is about a third of the Dutch population. 【 Importing the grain, which would have been expensi

23、ve and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods. 】Apart from this, being able to give up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more producti

24、ve agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and turnips.These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a dema

25、nd among urban consumers for dairy products such as butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise

26、the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealth

27、y people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit andvegetables wa

28、s no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Question 3 of 28The phrase 【Apart from】 in the passage is closest in meaning toBesides DespiteAs a result ofInstead ofSeventeenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth

29、 century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were in line with market demands, and cheap grain was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons

30、of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is about a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and con

31、sumer goods.【 Apart from 】 this, being able to give up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: fla

32、x, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and turnips. These products were bought mostly by urban businesses.There was also a demand among urban consumers for dairy products such as butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices

33、 encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which ag

34、riculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cult

35、ivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit andvegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Question 4 of 28According to paragraph 2, the increases demands on Dutch agriculture made by urban consumers had w

36、hich of the following results?Seasonal shortages of the products consumers most wantedIncreased production of high-quality grain products Raised prices charged by peasants to urban consumers Different ways of caring for dairy-producing animalsParagraph 2 is marked with Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agri

37、cultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were in line with market demands, and cheap grain

38、was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is about a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produc

39、ed themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods. Apart from this, being able to give up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized

40、 in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and turnips. These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a demand among urban consumers for dairy products such a

41、s butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy

42、farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the se

43、venteenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit andvegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Questio

44、n 5 of 28The word 【consumption】 in the passage is closest in meaning tosale storage exportationutilizationSeventeenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commerci

45、alized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were in line with market demands, and cheap grain was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is abo

46、ut a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.Apart from this, being able to give up labo

47、r-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions. The peasants specialized in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and

48、turnips.These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a demand among urban consumers for dairy products such as butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry

49、techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteent

50、h century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transporte

51、d by water to markets in the cities, where the 【 consumption 】 of fruit and vegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.V2315Question 6 of 28According to paragraph 3, the modernization of agriculture in the Netherlands was evident in all of the following ways EXCEPTThe production of fruits an

52、d vegetables became a commercial venture.The wealthy stopped growing fruits and vegetables in their gardens and grew flowers instead.Horticultural produce was transported to city markets by water.Many more people were able to afford to eat fresh fruits and vegetables.Paragraph 3 is marked with Seven

53、teenth-Century Dutch AgricultureAgriculture and fishing formed the primary sector of the economy in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century. Dutch agriculture was modernized and commercialized new crops and agricultural techniques raised levels of production so that they were in line with market

54、demands, and cheap grain was imported annually from the Baltic region in large quantities. According to estimates, about 120,000 tons of imported grain fed about 600,000 people; that is about a third of the Dutch population. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for

55、 the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.Apart from this, being able to give up labor-intensive grain production freed both the land and the workforce for more productive agricultural divisions.

56、The peasants specialized in livestock husbandry and dairy farming as well as in cultivating industrial crops and fodder crops: flax, madder, and rape were grown, as were tobacco, hops, and turnips.These products were bought mostly by urban businesses. There was also a demand among urban consumers fo

57、r dairy products such as butter and cheese, which, in the sixteenth century, had become more expensive than grain. The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cow

58、s. In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernizedhorticulture. In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consump