北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試(A)2009.11.21PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Accordingtoarecentsurv,ey,employeesinmanycompaniestodayworklongerhoursthanemployeesdidin1979.Theyalsotakeshortervacationsthanemployeesin1979.ItseemsthatAmericansareworkinghardertodaythaneverbefore.Orarethey?Amanagementconsultant,BillMeyer,decidedtofindout.Forthreedays,heobservedaninvestmentbankerhardatwork.Meyerwrotedowneverythingthebankerdidduringhislongworkday.Attheendofthethree-dayperiod,Meyerreviewedthebankersactivitieswithhim.Whatdidtheyfindout?Theydiscoveredthatthemanspent80percentofhistimedoingunnecessarywork.Forexample,heattendedunnecessarymeetings,maderedundant(多余的)telephonecalls,andspenttimepackingandunpackinghistwobigbriefcases.(76)Apparentlymanypeoplebelievethatthemoretimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheorsheaccomplishes.Whenemployersevaluateemployees,theyoftenconsidertheamountoftimeonthejobinadditiontojobperformance.Employeesknowthis.Althoughmanyworkingpeoplecandotheirjobeffectivelyduringaregular40-hourworkweek,theyfeeltheyhavetospendmoretimeonthejobafternormalworkinghourssothatthepeoplewhocanpromotethemseethem.Agroupofheadhunters(獵頭)wereaskedtheiropinionaboutasituation.Theyhadachoiceoftwocandidatesforanexecutivepositionwithanimportantcompany.Thecandidateshadsimilarqualificationsforthejob.Forexample,theywerebothreliable.Onecoulddothejobwellina40-hourworkweek.Theotherwoulddothesamejobinan80-hourworkweekjustaswell.Accordingtoaheadhuntingexpert,the80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejob.Thetimethiscandidatespendsonthejobmayencourageotheremployeestospendmoretimeatwork,too.Employersbelievethatiftheemployeesstayatworklater,theymayactuallydomorework.However,theconnectionbetweentimeandproductivity(生產(chǎn)率)isnotalwayspositive.(77)Infact.manystudiesindicatethatafteracertainpoint,anyonesproductivityandcreativitybegintodecrease.Someemployeesarenotwillingtospendsomuchextra,unproductivetimeattheoffice.Oncetheyfinishtheirworksatisfactorily,theywanttorelaxandenjoythemselves.Forthesepeople,thesolutionistofindacompanythatencouragespeopletodoboth.1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Manypeopleworklonghoursbutdonotalwaysdoalotofwork.B.Mostpeoplecangetmoreworkdonebyworkinglongerhours.C.MostAmericanswork80hoursaweek,andsomeworkevenlonger.D.Peoplecanmakemoremoneybyworkinglongerhours.2.ThemanagementconsultantwantedtofmdoutA.howhardtheinvestmentbankerworkedduringhisworkhoursB.whenpeoplespenttimedoingunnecessaryworkintheirofficeC.ifpeopleneededvacationafterworkinghardforacertainperiodoftimeD.whetherAmericanswerereallyworkingharderthantheyhaddonebefore3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Themoretimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheorsheaccomplishes.B.Employersdonotjudgetheiremployeesjobperformanceaccordingtotheamountofworkingtime.C.Somepeopleworkmorethan40hoursaweekinthehopeofgettingpromotion.D.Allemployeesarewillingtospendextratimeatwork.4.The80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejobbecauseemployersbelieve_.A.thatheismorereliableB.hisexamplewouldleadotheremployeestoworklongerhoursC.hehasbetterqualificationsD.hecouldencourageotheremployeestodoabetterjob5.Theexpression“todoboth”inthelastparagraphis_.A.tofinishtheirworksatisfactorilyandrelaxandenjoythemselvesB.topayattentiontobothperformanceandproductivityC.toworklonghoursandhaveshortvacationsD.torelaxandenjoythemselvesquitefrequentlyNextPagePassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notailwillbesaved,andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-quaiityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.Wehavenoobligationtosavethemsimplybecause.theyexist.Butmanythrivinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinuearethreatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally,buttheyarecaughtinafinancialdifficulty,withnowaytoreducerisingcostsorincreaserevenues(收入)significantly.Raisingfeesdoesntbringinmorerevenue,foreachtimefeesgoup,the,enrollment(注冊人數(shù))goesdown,orthemountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.(78)Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherrmblicororivate,notusuallybecauseofbadmanagementbutbecauseofthenatureofthebusiness.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness.Itissuchcolleges,thrivingbutthreatened,thatIworryabout.Lowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollments,theymaygounder.Effortstosavethem,andpreferablytokeepthemprivate,areanationalnecessity.(79)Thereisnobasis.forarguingthatprivateschoolsareboundtobebetterthanpublicschools.Thereareplentifulexamplestothecontrary.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant,andthereforediversity(多樣性)isanationalnecessity.Diversityinthewaywesupportschoolstendstogiveusahealthydiversityintheformsofeducation.Inahimperfectsocietysuchasours,uniformityofeducationthroughoutthenationcouldbedangerous,haanimperfectsociety,diversityisapositivegood.Eagersupportersofpublichighereducationknowtheimportanceofkeepingprivatehighereducationhealthy.6.Inthepassage,theauthorasksthepublictosupport_.A.privatehighereducationingeneralB.publichighereducationingeneralC.high-qualityprivateuniversitiesandcollegesD.high-qualitystateuniversitiesandcolleges7.Accordingtothepassage,schoolsarebadbusinessesbecauseof_.A.thenatureofschoolB.poorteachersC)badmanagementD.toofewstudents.8.Thephrase“gounder”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_.A.havelowfeesB.getintodifficultiesC.doabadobeducationallyD.havelowteachingstandards9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Therearemanycasesindicatingthatprivateschoolsaresuperiortopublicschools.B.Theauthorthinksdiversityofeducationispreferabletouniformityofeducation.C.Ahigh-qualityuniversityisalwaysagoodbusiness.D.Eachtimefeesareraised,theenrollmentgoesup.10.Intheauthorsopinion,thewaythatcansaveprivateschoolsliesin_.A.fullenrollmentB.raisingfeesC.reducingstudentaidD.nationalsupportPassage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thefourth-gradersatChicagosMcCormickElementarySchooldontknowChineseissupposedtobehardtolearn.Formost,whospeakSpanishathome,itsbecomingtheirthirdlanguage.TheyvebeenheatingandusingChinesewordssincenursery,anditsnaturaltogivea“nihao”whenstrangersenter