浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)浙西分校信息與電子工程系畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）ECONO-PILOT”ENERGY-SAVINGSYSTEMFORWATERPUMPSWehavedevelopedthe“Econo-Pilot”energy-savingsystemforwaterpumps,whichreducesthepowerconsumptionofmotorsforwatersupply.Intheenergy-savingcontrolfield,theconventionalmethodusedisthatofconstantpressurecontrolofthewatersupplywithinverters.However,asEcono-Pilotemploysamethodofvariablewaterpressurecontrolcorrespondingtoflowvolume,thesystemcanraisetheenergy-savingratioupto90percent.Thispaperdescribestheprinciplesofthesystemanditsbasicfunctions,alongwithacasestudyofsomepracticalapplications.INTRODUCTIONWiththebackgroundoffulfillingpubliccommitmentsforthepreventionofglobalwarning,manycountrieshaveconsolidatedrelatedlawsandregulationsaimingtoreduceenergyconsumption.EnergyconservationhasbecomeoneoftheimportantissuesforcompaniesandorganizationsaccreditedwiththeISO14000seriesstandardscertificationbecausetheyarerequiredtoachieveyearlytargetsforimprovements,whichhave,inasense,thesameimplicationsaslaws.Inaprolongedrecession,investmentsinenergy-savingactivitiesdirectlylinkedwithcostreductionhaveattractedincreasingattention.However,large-scalerenewalinvestmentswhichentailenormouscostscannotbeimplementedeasily.Consequently,therehavebeenincreasingneedsforenergyconservationactivitieswhichbringaboutsubstantialcostreductioneffectsbutcanbeconductedinexpensivelywitheaseandminimumrisks,whileatthesametimeutilizingexistingfacilities.Figure1isagraphicalindicationoftheenergyconsumptionratiosofofficebuildings,whichisbasedonresearchconductedbytheBuilding-EnergyManagersAssociationofJapan.Asindicatedinthegraph,airconditioning-relateditemsaccountforhalfofthetotalconsumption.Thismeansthatairconditioningmustbethemaintargetforenergyconservation.Figure1EnergyConsumptionofOfficeBuildingsbyUsageAmongairconditioning-relatedtechnologies,wehavefocusedonthecontrolof浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)浙西分校信息與電子工程系畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）airconditioningpumpsandhavedevelopedanewenergy-savingcontrolsystemcalledEcono-Pilotwhichmeetstherequirementsforimplementationsmentionedearliersystem.TheEcono-Pilotadoptsanewcontrolmechanismcontrivedbythreeenterprises-YokogawaElectricCorporation,AsahiKogyoshaCo,Ltd.,andTheFirstEnergyServiceCompany,Limited-andwascommercializedbyYokogawaafterthedevelopmentanddemonstrationphases,throughjointresearchwiththeNewEnergyandIndustrialTechnicalDevelopmentOrganization(NEDO).OVERVIEWOFANAIRCONDITIONINGSYSTEMFigure2showsanoverviewofanairconditioningsystem.Broadlyspeaking,energyisconsumedbyheatsources,waterpumps,andventilators.FIgure2OverviewofanAirConditioningSystemAheatsourcegeneratescold/hotwaterthroughgascombustioninthecaseofapplyingagas-basedcold/hotwatergenerator,thecold/hotwateristhenconveyedtoairconditionersbywaterpumps.Insideairconditioner,thecold/hotwaterisflowingthroughheatexchangeequipmentwhereairiswarneduporcooledwhenpassingthroughtheheatexchangeequipmentviaventilators-andthenthewarned/cooledairisblowntoanareathroughducts.Waterpumpsaremainlyclassifiedintoprimarypumps,secondarypumps,andcoolingpumps,buttheirpowerconsumptionisalmostthesame.Amongthem,wehavefocusedonsecondarywaterpumpswhoseflowvolumevariessignificantlyaccordingtodemand.浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)浙西分校信息與電子工程系畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）“經(jīng)濟(jì)型”節(jié)能系統(tǒng)在水泵方面的應(yīng)用我們已經(jīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)型的水泵節(jié)能系統(tǒng)作了一些研究，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)幫助節(jié)約馬達(dá)對(duì)運(yùn)輸水時(shí)的功耗。在節(jié)能領(lǐng)域，傳統(tǒng)的方法是利用整流器通過壓力來控制水量，而“經(jīng)濟(jì)型”系統(tǒng)采用多種水壓保證流量的水壓相一致，因此這個(gè)系統(tǒng)能使節(jié)能效率達(dá)到90%。本文將著重介紹系統(tǒng)的原理基本功能以及部分實(shí)際應(yīng)用情況。引言在保護(hù)地球的號(hào)召下，許多國家聯(lián)合并鞏固了相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)來實(shí)現(xiàn)減少能源消耗，能量守恒問題之所以成為工廠機(jī)構(gòu)最重要的問題之一，歸功于ISO14000系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的保證，因?yàn)樗麄兠磕甓急仨氝_(dá)標(biāo)就如同服從法律一樣，在長期的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條中，與經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密相連的節(jié)能投資已經(jīng)開始倍受關(guān)注。然而大規(guī)模的節(jié)能設(shè)施投資之所以沒有那么容易實(shí)施，主要是需要負(fù)擔(dān)巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本，漸漸的，人們對(duì)低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，低成本，高效率的能量守恒需求越高。圖1，指示了辦公室各種設(shè)備能量消耗的情況，此圖由日本能量建筑理事協(xié)會(huì)通過研究得出，從圖可得空調(diào)的消耗量占一半，這意味著空調(diào)將是能量守恒所研究的主要對(duì)象。圖1辦公室各種設(shè)備能量消耗的情況在眾多的關(guān)于空調(diào)的技術(shù)中，我們已經(jīng)把目標(biāo)集中在空調(diào)泵上，并制造出一種“經(jīng)濟(jì)型”的新型節(jié)能控制系統(tǒng)，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)迎合了先前系統(tǒng)所缺少的需求?！敖?jīng)濟(jì)型”節(jié)能系統(tǒng)采取了一種新的控制機(jī)制，這個(gè)機(jī)制由Yokojana電子公司，Asahikojyoshal有限公司和第一能源服務(wù)公司三大企業(yè)聯(lián)合制定。第一能源服務(wù)公司后來通過發(fā)展和研究被Yokojana吞并。并且通過了ZN與（工業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展組織）ITDO的聯(lián)合研究?；仡櫹惹翱照{(diào)系統(tǒng)圖2顯示了空調(diào)的內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)，分析先前空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，從總體上講，能源主要以散熱，水泵，通風(fēng)裝置的形式消耗。浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)浙西分校信息與電子工程系畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）圖2空調(diào)的內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)通過電動(dòng)機(jī)引起的熱能給水升溫，然后通過水泵把冷/熱水輸?shù)娇照{(diào)內(nèi)部。冷/熱水進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)換由排風(fēng)扇實(shí)行空氣升/降溫，然后從管道中釋放冷空氣。水泵主要分為主水泵，次要水泵和冷卻水泵，但他們的能源幾乎相同，其中我們主要研究次要水泵，他的流量大小可通過需要發(fā)生改變。不規(guī)則空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)造指示了冷/熱水的流經(jīng)方向通過加熱產(chǎn)生的冷/熱水被回流到主要水泵當(dāng)中，應(yīng)承對(duì)恒溫水的要求很高，次要水泵主要負(fù)責(zé)輸送要求的水量。任何位置的空調(diào)操作都由室內(nèi)溫度傳感器和雙向回管所控制的，當(dāng)溫度達(dá)到預(yù)先設(shè)置的溫度時(shí)，這些管會(huì)自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，因此次要水泵的流量會(huì)發(fā)生顯著變化，多功能的次要水泵常用于保