ANOVELWEB-BASEDONLINEEXAMINATIONSYSTEMFORCOMPUTERSCIENCEEDUCATIONYuanZhenming1,ZhangLiang2,ZhanGuohua3AbstractWeb-basedExaminationSystemisaneffectivesolutionformasseducationevaluation.WehavedevelopedanovelonlineexaminationsystembasedonaBrowser/Serverframeworkwhichcarriesouttheexaminationandauto-gradingforobjectivequestionsandoperatingquestions,suchasprogramming,operatingMicrosoftWindows,editingMicrosoftWord,ExcelandPowerPoint,etc.Ithasbeensuccessfullyappliedtothedistanceevaluationofbasicoperatingskillsofcomputerscience,suchasthecourseofcomputerskillsinUniversitiesandthenationwideexaminationforthehighschoolgraduatesinZhejiangProvince,China.IndexTermsExaminationsystem,Auto-gradingsystem,Web-based,DCOM.1.WEB-BASEDONLINEEXAMINATIONSYSTEM1.1TheaimoftheexaminationsystemAsauniversalexaminationsystemfortheeducationofbasiccomputeroperation,itmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:1.Areasonablequestionstorage,whichmustconformtothegeneraloutlineoftheexam.2.Apracticalinterface.Therearetwotypesofexaminterfaces.Oneisthesimulation,theotheristheactualenvironment.Thesecondschemewillgivethestudentcomputerskills.3.Arangeofquestiontypes,suchasobjectivequestions,operatingquestions,designquestions,informationretrieval,grouptesting,etc4.Asafetyandreliableexaminationsystem.1.2ThecomponentsofWOESTheWebbasedOnlineExaminationSystem(WOES)isamulti-layersystemwhichiscomposedoftheWebServer,DatabaseServer,WOESmiddlewareServer,WOESclientmoduleandBrowser,suchasInternetExplorer.Inthissystem,weusetheInternetInformationServer4.0(IIS)astheWebServer,theDatabaseServerisMicrosoftSQLServer7.0.ThekernelofWOESistheWOESmiddlewareServeandtheWOESclientmodule,whichisdesignedaccordingtoMicrosoftDCOMstandards.DCOMisthebinaryCOMobjectsextensionjointingLAN,WANandInternet,whichcaninstanceandbindobjectsoverdifferentnetwork.ItisanadvancednetworkprotocolusedtocooperatewithCOMbasedcomponentsoftwoprocessesindifferentlocations.TheWOESmiddlewareServerisaserver-sidecomponentTheWOESmiddlewareServerisaserver-sidecomponentprovidingcommunicationinterfacesbetweenWOESclientsandtheWebServerorDatabaseServer.TheWOESclientisaclient-sidecomponent,whichiscalledbytheBrowsertocontroltheclientcomputerandsubmitorreceiveinformationfromtheWOESServer.Thistechnologyguaranteestheflexibilityandthepotentialforextensionofthetestsystem.Inaddition,itallowsaccesstolocalfiles,whereasinconventionalsystems,theIEsecuritypreventssuchaccess.1.3ThekeytechnologiesofWOES1.Auser-friendlyinterfaceWeusebrowserasourusersinterface.TheBrowserinterfacehasauniformandconsistentuserinterface.Almosteveryoneisabletouseitskillfully.Thereforeitcaneliminatethedifferencesofvariousexamsystemsandguaranteeafairtest.2.SimplifiedsystemmaintenanceSincethesystemisbasedonBrowser/Serverarchitecture,theteachercanupdatethesystemorthequestiondatabaseoexaminethestudentsdatabaseonlyinServer.ItisnotnecessarytoupdatetheclientsystemastheClient/Servermustdo.3.CentralexaminationmanagementProfitingfromthecentralcontrolledsystem,theteachercaneasilycontroltheexaminationprocess,suchasthebeginningandendoftheexam,collectingtheanswersandmonitoringthestudentsconditionsontheteachersscreen.4.SecurityThemostseveredifficultywhichtheB/Sbasedsystemfacesissecurity,becauseinprincipletheweb-basedexaminationsystemcanbeaccessedontheInternetorWANinacity.Allthequestions,materialsandanswersaretransmittedinbitsstreamformatafterencoding,notinfileformat.Itcanensurenotonlysecurityinthetransmissionprocess,butalsoprotectfrominvasion.Whenonestudentstartshistest,thesystemwilldistributehimapasswordproducedaccordingtohisclientshardwareandoperationsystemenvironment.Itcanpreventcribberstologinfromotherclientsimitatingthisstudent.Thenewestmethodtopreventthedistantstudentfromleavingtheclientorismakinguseoffacedetectionandrecognitiontechnology.Beforethestartoftheexam,thestudentisaskedtositinfrontofthecomputercamera,whichcanmonitorthewholescene.Thenthesystemwillautomaticallyrecognizethestudentsfaceandhisidentification.Assoonasthevalidationisperformed,thestudentmuststayinfrontofthecamerauntiltheexamisfinished.2.AUTO-GRADINGSYSTEMTheauto-gradingsystemcanautomaticallygradetheanswers,whicharecollectedfromtheexaminationsystem.Ithelpsteacherstoachievethescorewithease.Therearetwotypesofthegrading:objectivequestionsandoperatingquestions.Objectivequestions,suchaschoicequestions,yes/noquestions,andfill-inquestions,canbegradedeffectivelybyaccuratematchingorfuzzymatching.Butitisdifficulttogradeoperatingquestionsbysimplematchingtechnologies.Apossiblesolutioncouldbe:(1)Readingtheanswerfiledirectlyandcomparingittothekeyfile.ButthisisnotpracticalbecausetheformatofMicrosoftOfficefilesiscomplicated.Anothersolutionis:(2)gradingbyusingtheOfficeOLEobject.Thismethodisconvenientandefficient,butithasabigdisadvantage:thesourcecodeofthegradingsystemiscloselyrelatedtotheconcretequestion,whichresultsinalargeamountofworkwhenthequestionsarechanged.Weproposeauniversalizedgradingsystem,whichiscarriedoutonthebasisofadatabaseofkeyknowledge.First,weextractallpossibleknowledgepointsandstoretheminatripleform:(key,value,location).Thenweproducethequestionfilebylabelingthequestionpointdirectlyonit；thesystemwilladdthecorrespondingquestionkeytothestandardkeylibrary.So,thelastprocessofauto-gradingsystemistocomparetheanswerfilewiththestandardkeylibrary.Theauto-gradingsystemalsoallowstheteachertoaddhis/herownquestionstoourexaminationsystem.3.CONCLUSIONWehavedevelopedanoverallsolutiontotheexaminationsystemforpracticalcomputerskills.Itprovidesauser-friendlyplatformofvariousquestionsforthebasiccomputereducationinUniversities,civilservanttrainingandeducationinUniversities,civilservanttrainingandZhejiangProvince,Hundredsofthousandsofstudentsandteachershaveusedthissystemandagreethatithaseffectivelyraisedthelearningandtestingefficiency.對程序課程的一個可靠的考試系統(tǒng)的評估TorbjrnJonsson,PouriaLoghmaniandSiminNadjm-TehraniDepartmentofComputerandInformationScienceLinkpingUniversity,Swedentorjo,poulo,siminida.liu.se摘要：本文是我們對程序課程的一個可靠的考試系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗描述。我們簡要描述這個系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和把這個系統(tǒng)的真實測試狀態(tài)的評估的結(jié)果呈現(xiàn)出來。一些細節(jié)因素從網(wǎng)上的學(xué)生和測試者中學(xué)習(xí)，在響應(yīng)時間和他們親身體驗的影響下，他們所采用的方法和考試形式是否自然性。介紹：像有經(jīng)驗的程序課程教師，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了使用程序課程傳統(tǒng)考試形式的缺點。學(xué)生學(xué)程序是通過實驗課的練習(xí)，但最后評估他們能力和考試成績的卻是采用紙和筆代替電腦。判斷學(xué)生在個人生涯中不會不使用這種模式制作程序，我們考慮到這不是個正確的方法。在*大學(xué)的計算機科學(xué)系，每年大約有1000名學(xué)生在不同的教育性程序下教12門基礎(chǔ)程序課程。這篇文章論述了程序課程在教育上的新的看法，能提供給任何程序語言、不同類型的學(xué)生和教育程序。這個想法是基于廣大學(xué)生圍繞不同考試形式的個人成績，最有用和有效的反饋選擇考試方式使用的考試形式的可靠性的基礎(chǔ)準則。我們相信能通過把方法的選擇和經(jīng)過估價附加的效率相結(jié)合來改善我們學(xué)習(xí)程序的質(zhì)量。特別的，我們相信它能把考試過程*一些年來，我們在一些試驗性課程對學(xué)生們進行了廣泛的計算機輔助考試的測試實驗對這種類型的考試的一個可靠的考試形式。然而，這種考試形式因為計算機必要環(huán)境的支持不充分并沒有預(yù)想的那樣更加廣泛的流傳。去年，所有的學(xué)生和測試教師都連接到了一個新開發(fā)的可靠的考試系統(tǒng)（AES）。這個過程，經(jīng)過通信和分級被環(huán)境支持。這篇文章我們描述了這個考試系統(tǒng)和對這個考試系統(tǒng)和其他一些有關(guān)的考試*相比較的最初評價。這個課程的問題覆蓋了Ada程序和被第一年和第二年的學(xué)生*。在去年我們對AES進行了評估。這個儀器用來評估存在的一系列問題在通過對231個學(xué)生3個月和4次考試解決。在第1部分我們描述為什么我們提議考試的種類為編程的路線是最適當?shù)牟⑶遗c一些相關(guān)系統(tǒng)比較。第2部分包括考試系統(tǒng)的一個簡要的技術(shù)描述，包括它的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。在第3部分我們描述怎么計算機系統(tǒng)，那在網(wǎng)上處理考試過程，必須由在每條特殊路線設(shè)定的規(guī)則增添。第4部分在第5部分包括我們的評估方法和由評估結(jié)果跟隨。第6部分結(jié)束本文。1次考試形式每個考試方法有使它更或較不適當對一個特殊路線設(shè)置的具體特征。H？ka