1、大學(xué)英語四級閱讀練習(xí)帶答案The decline in moral standardswhh has long concerned social analystshas at last captured the attention of average Amerans.And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nations moral climate, says this eths (倫理學(xué)) p

2、rofessor at the University of Chago, is reason to hope that new ideas will e forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated.Materialism and individualism in Ameran society are the biggest obstacles.The thought that Im in it for me has bee deeply rooted in the national consciousn

3、ess, Ms.Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional munities, in whh neighbors looked out for one another, she says.With todays greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.In a 1996 po

4、ll of Amerans, loss of morality ped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S.and Elshtain says the publ is correct to sense that: Data show that Amerans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.The desire f

5、or a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some noneistent golden age, Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一廂情愿的) lonng for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities.Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejude.Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways

6、 to counter the materialism in society, she says.Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant be bought.36.Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Amerans .A) have adapted to a new set of moral standardsB) are lonng for the return of the good old daysC) have realized the i

7、mportance of material thingsD) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards37.The moral decline of Ameran society is caused manly by .A) its grog wealthB) the self-centeredness of individualsC) underestimating the impact of social changesD) the prejude against women and minorities38.Whh of

8、 the follog characterizes the traditional munitiesA) Great mobility.B) Concern for ones neighbors.C) Emphasis on individual effort.D) Ever-weakening social bonds.39.In the 1950s, classroom violence .A) was something unheard ofB) was by no means a rare occurrenceC) attracted a lot of pub attentionD)

9、began to ear in analysts data40.According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed .A) if people can return to the golden ageB) when women and mean enjoy equal rightsC) when people rid themselves of prejudeD) if less emphasis is laid on material thingsIn the 1960s, medal researchers Th

10、omas Holmes and Rhard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events.They reciated the trky point that any major change can be stressful.Negative events like serious illness of a family member were high on the list, but so were some positive life-channg events, like marriage.When you take the Holmes

11、-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressitonly shows how much you have to deal with.And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatally affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes

12、 and Rahe.And millions of Amerans who work and live under stress worried over the reports.Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message.Womens magazines ran headlines like Stress causes illness! If you want to stay physally and mentally healthy, the artles said, avoid stressful events

13、.But such simplist adve is impossible to follow.Even if stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid.Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (處方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble.Since any change can be s

14、tressful, a person who wanted to be pletely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sk also ignores a lot of what we know about people.It assumes were all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境).But what about hum

15、an initiative and creativity Many e through periods of stress with more physal and mental vigor than they had before.We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physal and metal strain.21.The result of Holmes-Rahes medal research tells us .A) the way you handle

16、 major events may cause stressB) what should be done to avoid stressC) what kind of event would cause stressD) how to cope with sudden changes in life22.The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to .A) widespread concern over its harmful effectsB) great pan over the mental disorder it could cause

17、C) an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD) popular avoidance of stressful jobs23.The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows .A) how much pressure you are underB) how positive events can change your lifeC) how stressful a major event can beD) how you can deal with life-channg events24.Why is such simplist adve (Line 1, Para.3) impossible to followA) No one can stay on the same job for long.B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C) People have to get married someday.D) You