1、名詞性從句講解1基礎知識由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子叫復合句。名詞性從句相當于名詞， 可以作主語，賓語，表語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句，賓語從句，表語 從句和同位語從句。如：I believe what he said.It remai ns to be see n whether this pla n is practical eno ugh to keep the project goi ng.名詞性從句的種類種類作用1例句主語從句在復合句中作主語，相當Whether he willcome or not于名詞，置謂語之前，也does n' t matt

2、er.可用it作形式主語，主語It doesn' t matter whether he will從句放后com or not.賓語從句在復合句中作及物動詞或He asked me which team could win介詞賓語，相當于名詞。the game.The teacher is satisfied with whatyou have done.表語從句在復合句中作表語，位于It looks as if it is going to rain.系動詞后。同位語從句放在抽象名詞（news.My father gave mea promise that heidea,fact,a

3、dvice,would buy me a bike.hope等）之后表明其具體The fact that he lied again greatly內(nèi)容。surprised.名詞性從句的基本用法名詞性從句就是用三種句子（陳述句、一般疑問句以及特殊疑問句）來分別充當另一個句子的四種不同句子成分（主語、賓語、表語和同位語）。理解這一本質(zhì)，是解決名詞性從句的關鍵。名詞性從句連接對應簡單連接詞的詞義和成分連接詞是否可省詞句略連詞that陳述句that無詞義，在從句中不作賓語從句中that成分。有時可以省略連詞 whether和一般疑問whether和if不作成分，但不能省略，因為有if句具有“是否”的

4、含義。（if“是否”含義。只用在賓語從句中）。連接代詞who,特殊疑問who, whom, what, which,不能省略，因為它whom,what.句在句中作主語、賓語或表們都保留各自的which, whose語； what, which, whose疑問含義，既起連還可以作定語，后接名詞一接作用，又在從句起作從句中的某一成分。中充當一定的句 子成分。連接副詞when,where, how, whywhen, where, how, why 在從句中分別作時間、地點、方式和原因狀語。除以上連詞外，還有 wh-+ever 類： whoever, whomever, whatever 和 wh

5、ichever等。三種句子充當名詞性從句時的結構變化：陳述句作成分時，需要在句首加that;一般疑問句作成分時，需要將疑問句變成陳述語序，然后在句首加上whether或if，以保留原句的意義（if只用在賓語從句中）； 用特殊疑問句作成分時，只需將疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換成 陳述語序。要學會分析疑問詞的成分。如：I have no idea when they will visit our school; we have got everything ready.What matters most in learning English is enough practice.Elepha nts have t

6、heir own way to tell the shape of an object and whether it isrough or smooth.一、名詞性從句的連詞用法名詞性從句的連接詞有從屬連接詞、連接代詞和連接副詞?？键c一從屬連接詞1. that無詞義，不做成分；that引導賓語從句時可省略，但引導的并列的賓語從句時,后一個that不可以省略。That an earthquake happe ned in Sichua n shocked all the Chin ese people.He said (that) he had bee n worki ng here for t

7、en years and that he wanted to go home.2. whether/ if“是否”，不作成分，不省略。The have n't known if/ whether they hand in their homework.注意：以下情況中用 whether不用if.主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、介詞后的賓語從句中。(2).與or not直接連用時。.與不定式連用時。He was worried about whether he passed the En glish exam.I don't know whether to go or not.W

8、hether it will rain tomorrow is unknow n.3. because “因為”，as if/ though“好像”，可引導表語從句，不作成分。His success is because he works hard.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. It ' s no surpriseour team has won the game.2. I don ' t careor not she comes.3. It looksit is going to rai n.4. I con sider it n ecessaryhe should imp

9、rove his pronun ciati on.5. That ' she did n ' t work hard eno ugh, so he fails aga in.考點二連接代詞連接代詞有特殊疑問詞 who, whom, whose, what, which以及疑問詞-ever。它們有詞義，在句子中作主語，表語，賓語或定語。1. who “誰”，可作主語或賓語；whom“誰”，可作賓語；whose “誰的”可作定語或表語，指人；which “哪一個”，可作主語、賓語或表語。I won der who/ whom he will invite to his weddin

10、g.Who let out the secret remai ns unknown.Whoever let out the secret will be punished.2. what在從句可作主語，賓語或表語。what的六種?？加梅ㄈ缦拢?的事 / 物/ 話。如： Do you remember what she said at the meeting. 的樣子。如： China is no lon ger what she was 30 years ago. 的時間。如： After what seemed like two hours, we arrived there. 的地點。如：

11、 Last week she made a trip to what was once a battlefield. 的數(shù)目。如： Our in come is now double what it was ten years ago. 的人物。如： He is what is known as a hacker he likes to attack website.另外，what還可以感嘆名詞，“多么”。I told my family what a great time I had in Beijing.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. We are worry ing aboutwe sh

12、ould do n ext.2. It has not decided yetwill host the meeti ng.3. did the job must be rewarded.4. I want to knowbike it is.5. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and softsands makeit is.6. matters most in lear ning En glish is eno ugh practice.7. I read about it in so

13、me book or other, does it matterit was?考點三連接副詞連接副詞有特殊疑問詞 where, when ,why，how以及疑問詞-ever。它們有詞義，在句子中作狀語。1. where “什么地方”,“的地方”The school is wherelonceworked.2. when “什么時候”I don't know when he will return.3. why “為什么”,“的原因”Why he was late for school was that he missed the bus.4. how “怎樣”，“的辦法”；感嘆形容詞

14、或副詞時，“多么”。This is how we overcame the difficulties.We ofte n talk about how importa nt it is to master a Ian guage.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1.1 can ' t imaginehe did it.2. It makes no differe neewe shall have the meeti ng tomorrow.3. You can ' t imaginedifficult it was to solve the problem.4. Why not tr

15、y your luck downtown. Bob? That' sthe best jobs are.5. The last time we had great fun waswe were visit ing the Water Park.6. The road is covered with snow. I can ' t understandthey insist on goingby motorbike.7. Parents are taught to understand importanteducationis to their children ' s

16、future.、名詞性從句的種類考點一主語從句1. 主語從句+謂語+其他成分。如：What he said moved me.2. It + be + 形容詞/名詞/過去分詞+主語從句。如：It is clear that the ear of the elephant is like a huge fan.It is said that Tom will study abroad.【反饋練習】1. pare nts say and do has a life-lo ng effect on their childre n.2. It has bee n provedeat ing veget

17、ables in childhood helps to protect youaga inst serious ill nesses in later life.3. Whe n askedthey n eeded most, the kids said they wan ted to feel importa ntand loved.4. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circli ng the earth,our astr on auts desireto do is walk in space.5. is our belief that improvemen

18、ts in health care will lead to a strongereconomy. It考點二賓語從句1. 動詞后接賓語從句You can take whatever you want.2. 動詞后接賓語補足語時，用it作形式賓語，把賓語從句放在句末。“動詞+it+賓補（形容詞/名詞）+賓語從句”。I thi nk it n ecessary that you should pay attention to your pronunciation.3. 介詞后接賓語從句。that引導的賓語從句除在except，but，in后作賓語外，一般不跟在介詞后。in that “由于”。H

19、e goes to school on foot every day except whe n it rains.【反饋練習】單項填空1. By impro ving read ing skills, you can read faster and un dersta nd more ofyou read.2. As his best frien d, I can make accurate guess abouthe will do or think.3. Having checked the doors were closed, andall the lights were off, th

20、eboy ope ned the door to his bedroom.4. He didn ' t makeclear when and where the meeting would be held.考點三表語從句引導主語從句的詞可引導表語從句，另外，表語從句還可以用because，as if / though引導。The trouble is that we are short of money.His heart disease is because he has been smoking too much.【反饋練習】單項填空1. See the flags on top

21、of the buildi ng? That waswe did in the morning.2. Go and get your coat. It ' syou left it.3. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is thatyou had a few days off?考點四同位語從句在復合句中用作名詞同位語的從句叫同位語從句。同位語從句通常放在某些抽象名詞后面，其主要作用是對前面的名詞進一步解釋，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容（中間加be可幫助理解）。后跟同位語從句的名詞主要有 fact, hope, idea, inf

22、ormation, news, word（消息）,problem, possibility, promise, truth，advice, order 等。I did n't receive the n ews that the meet ing had bee n put off.My mother gave an order that I （should） clea n my room.【反饋練習】單項填空1. The newsour athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday ' sn ewspape

23、r.2. Do you have any ideais actually going on in the classroom?3.1 ' ve heard a piece of newsDavid and Heather are going to marry.考點五 名詞性從句的語序和時態(tài)問題1. 名詞性從句總是用陳述句詞序，而不能使用疑問句詞序，尤其是當名詞性從句由“疑問詞”引導時，不能受疑問的影響而誤用疑問句詞序；疑問詞或“疑問詞+名詞”作主語時,從句語序無需變化。如：Can you tell me what time it is by your watch?The questi

24、on is how we can develop our read ing skills.He asked what was the matter with me.2. 當主句為過去時態(tài)時，賓語從句通常用過去的某種時態(tài)與之呼應；表示客觀真理除外。如：Lucy said she was watching TV this time then.The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.【反饋練習】單項填空1. Can you tell methe railway statio n?A. how I can get to B. h

25、ow can I get toC. where I can get to D. where can I get to2. Can you make surethe gold ring?A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice putC. where Alice has putD. where has Alice put3. No one can be sure in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. what look will man lik

26、e D. man will look like what4. These shoes look very good. I wonder .A. how much cost they are B. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost考點六 幾組辨析1. what 和 that 的區(qū)別that 在從句中不做成分，只起連接作用，沒有具體意義what 在從句中充當句子成分，有意義。I know what you mean.That a new teacher will come to teach us

27、English is true.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. his father was dead was true.2. we can ' t get seems better than we have.3. Whenasked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel importantand loved.4. made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had beenadmitted to key university.5. you don &#

28、39; t like him is none of my business.2. who, what 等與 whoever，whatever 等的區(qū)別who(= the person who), what( 等表示具體的人或物，有特定的范圍，有具體的意義。whoever(二anyone who), whatever等表示任何一個人或物，無范圍可言， “任何”。It is considered unwise to give a child whatever he wants.I don 't know who took my book.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. It is cons

29、idered unwise to give a child he wants.2. I don 't knowtook my book.3. The book can be of help to wants to do the job.4. Tom did yesterday really hurt me.5. The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.3. whoever, whatever 等和 no matter who, no matter what等區(qū)另Swhoever, whatever等既可引導名詞性從句又

30、可引導讓步狀語從句。no matter who, no matter what等只能引導讓步狀語從句。Whatever (=No matter what) you may think, I will carry out my plan.Take whatever you n eed and leave me alone.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. I said, he wouldn ' t listen to me.2. He would believeI said.3. Eatcake you like and leave the others forcomes in late.

31、4. You can eat food free in my restaura ntyou like.4. that 與whether(if) 的用法區(qū)別1. that不在從句中充當任何句子成分；本身無意義(引出一種肯定、明確的概念或事實)2. Whether表示疑問“是否”，可引導所有名詞性從句，但不作成分。if表示疑問“是否”，只在動詞后引導賓語從句，但不作成分。3. doubt作動詞時，肯定句中，用 whether/if 引導；否定句中，用that引導；作名詞時，肯定句中，用 whether引導；否定句中，用that引導。如：I doubt if/ whether he will com

32、e soon.I don ' t doubt that he will help me.There is some doubt whether you can be fit for the job.4. be sure 在疑問句或否定句中時，從句用 whether/if 引導；be sure在肯定句中時，用that引導。如：I ' m sure that he will be well known as an artist soon.I ' m not sure whether/ if they can pass the college entrance exam in

33、ation nextyear.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1.1 don' t doubtTom will give me a hand.2. I am suremy friend will give me a hand when I' m in trouble.3. There is some doubtMary can solve the problem alone.4. I ' m not sureMary can solve the problem alone.5. Some researchers believe that there is no doubta

34、cure for AIDS will befound.6. It worried her a bither hair was tur ning grey.7. What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the seriousdisease soon.5. that 、why和because的用法區(qū)別1. 主語是reason時，表語從句通常用that引導,其結構為：“The reason why.isthat. ”“的原因是因為”The reas on why I got wet all through was th

35、at I had n either a rain coat nor an umbrella.2. why和because都可以引導表語從句，That is why. “那是為什么的原因”強調(diào)結果；That is because“那是因為”強調(diào)原因。如：I had n either a rain coat nor an umbrella. That is (the reas on) why I got wet allthrough.I got wet all through. That' s because I had n either a rain coat nor an umbrel

36、la.【反饋練習】用正確的詞填空1. she could not un dersta nd wasfewer and fewer stude nts showedin terest in her less on.2. We cannot figure outquite a nu mber of in sects, birds, and ani mals aredying out.3. Mary wrote an article onthe team had failed to win the game.4. - Why could he achieve such great success?-

37、It washe worked hard.5. - He always spends a lot of time playing computer games.- That is he always fails his examinations.2 知識小結一、名詞性從句的解題技巧：先譯后析 , 相輔相成 第一步（譯）：譯出句意，做出初步判斷 : 缺什么意思。 第二步（析）：分析從句的句子結構，判斷從句中所缺的成分，缺什么補什么，什么都不缺常用that。陳述句作成分時，需要在句首加that;一般疑問句作成分時，需要將疑問句變成陳述語序，然后在句首加上 whether 或 if ，以保留原句的意

38、義（ if 只用在賓語從句中）； 用特殊疑問句作成分時，只需將疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換成陳述語序。要學會分析疑問詞的成 分。例 1 ：1. was most important to her was her family.解題：句意為，對她最重要的是她的家庭 : 。主語從句中 was most important to her需要引導主語的連詞。因此填 what。例 2 ：2. The old gentleman never fails to help is in need of his help.A. whom B. who C. whoever D. whomever解題：句意為，這位老人絕不會不幫助任

39、何需要幫助的人，和人有關。 is in need ofhis help 需要主語。因此填 whoever。反饋練習】單項填空1. I have no idea he will come back.2. Even if you have said is true, I don't believe you at all because you havelied to me many times.3. We don't want you to promise us with words; we want to see you will do.4. She took it for gr

40、anted they would take her advice.31. It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect youagainst serious illnesses in later life.2. wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.3. he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.4. team wins on Saturday will go

41、through to the national championships.5. fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culturaldifferences from one aspect.考點二賓語從句1. Somechildren want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from their parents speak at home.2. Could I speak to is in charge of International

42、 Sales, please?3. Wehaven't settled the question of it is necessary for him to study abroad.4. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.考點三 表語從句1. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That' s the best jobs are.2. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this

43、morning.3. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.考點四 同位語從句1. Tomorrow is Tom's birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?2. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buysome flowers for my mother 's birthday.3. The news ha

44、s spread all over the country the spaceship succeeded inreturning to the earth.4. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for therace.5. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will befound.考點五 that 和 what 區(qū)別1. was most important to her, she told me, wa

45、s her family.2. People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.3. There's a feeling in me we'll never know what a UFO is not ever.4. Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.5. China got the first place in the 2008 Olympic Games made the whol

46、e nationvery excited.考點六 介詞后加賓語從句1. The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job.2. It was a matter of would take the position.3. Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.4. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please?題組訓練題組一：真題檢測A用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空1. Nowadaysconsumers

47、 becomemore and more practical and buy only they need.2. he passed the exam or not was of little importance.3. The parents were worried about their daughter because nobody was aware of she had gone.4. There is no doubt China is always trying to keep world peace and againstany war.5.If you are in any

48、 doubt about you should be doing these exercise, consultyour doctor.6. - What does he want to express?- he really means is that he doesn't agree with us.7. The reason why I burst into tears is I don't want to be parted from mymother.8. - She has worked even harder since she got the prize.- Y

49、es. She is never satisfied with she has achieved.9. Doris ' success lies in the fact she is co-operative and eager to learnfrom others.10. Before the sales start, I makea list of my kids will need for the comingseason.11. The problem is we can master modern science and technology in a shorttime.

50、12. The old gentleman never fails to help is in need of his help.13. The road is covered with snow. I can't understand they insist on goingby motorbike.14. - Do you remember our manager came?- Yes, I do, he came in his car.15. - I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sunda

51、ys.- That ' s I don ' t agree. You should have a more active life.16. How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.17. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place inBeijing.18. He made it quite clear he wouldn

52、9;t change his mind.19. As his best friend, I can makeaccurate guesses about he will do or think.20. The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.21Mary is a humorous and warm-hearted woman and that is she is a mostpopular person in her community.22 she was invited to the ball made her very

53、 happy.23You must notice the emergency exit is when you enter the building.24I would appreciate it you could give mesomeadvice on learning English.25 Don't you believe me?Yes，I'll believe you say.B1. （2014 大綱全國， 24） Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe isuncertain, but it was probab

54、ly around 1565.2. （2014 福建， 34） Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you' re afraid to do.3. （2014 四川， 2） Grandmapointed to the hospital and said, “That 's I wasborn. ”4. （2014 天津， 14） I think impresses me about his painting is the colorshe uses.5. （2014 重慶， 12） - Is it true that Mike refused

55、an offer from Yale University yesterday?s one of his favorite- Yeah, but I have no idea he did it; thatuniversities.6. （2014 山東， 7） It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slavesin the ancient world.7. （2014 北京， 30） The best moment for the football star was he scored thewinning goal.8. （

56、2013 北京， 33）Experts believe people can waste less food by shoppingonly when it is necessary.9. （2013 重慶， 28） struck me most is the movie was the father ' s deep lovefor his son.10. （ 2013湖南， 28）Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell close you may be to victory.11. （2013安徽，21） From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-onepercent of its surface is covered by water.12. （ 2013 江西， 30） one of you breaks the wind